2020版高考英语总复习unit2robots课时作业选修7 6页

Unit2RobotsⅠ.阅读理解AArtificialintelligence(AI),hasslowlybeguntoinfluencehighereducationaroundtheworld.Now,onenewAItoolcouldchangethewayuniversitystudentsevaluatetheirprofessors.ThetooliscalledHubert.ItisateacherevaluationtoolthatappearsasanAI-poweredchatbot(聊天机器人).Insteadoffillingoutaform,studentsuseachatwindowtogivefeedbackontheircoursesandprofessors.Afterwards,Hubertcategorizesthestudents?commentsfortheprofessorstoreview.ThebetaversionofHubertisfreeforeducatorstouse.ThegoalofthenewHubertprogramistoimproveeducationbygivingteachersdetailed,organizedfeedbackfromstudents.ViktorNordmarkstartedthecompanyin2015withseveralfriends.BeforecreatingHubert,thefoundersaskedteacherswhatwouldimprovetheirteachingskills.Theanswerwasqualitativefeedbackfromtheirstudents.Qualitativefeedbackisdifferentfromthesurveyresponsesthatstudentsareoftenaskedtoprovideattheendofaclass.“Thiskindofdatatakesalotoftimeforprofessorstocollectandanalyseandforthestudents,itcanalsobereallyboringtofillout,”Nordmarksaid.SoheandhisfriendsdesignedHubertasacompromisebetweenatraditionalsurveyandapersonalinterview. Hubertlearneddifferenttypesofcommentsandhowtorespondtothem.ThenHubertlearnedhowtoorganizethecommentsitreceivedintocategories.Now,whenHubertreceivescommentsfromstudents,itcomparesthemwiththeinformationalreadyinitssystemtoorganizethedata.WhatmakesHubertspecialisitssimilaritytocommunicatingwithahuman.Munro,anassociateprofessor,believedtraditionalmethodsofevaluatingprofessorswerenotveryhelpful.“Theyhappenedonlyattheendofthecourseandthequestionswereformedaroundafour-partrankingsystembasedontraditionallectureclasses.Thesekindsofsurveysdidnotgivehimtherightinformationtomakeeffectivechangesinhisclassroom,”Munrosaid.Incontrast,professorscanoffertheHubertevaluationanytimetheywant.“Everyone,bothstudentsandprofessors,isalreadycomfortablewithchats,”Munrosaid.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“Thiskindofdata”inParagraph2referto?A.Teachingskills.B.Qualitativefeedback.C.Surveyresponses.D.Detailedandorganizedfeedback.2.WhydidViktorNordmarkandhisfriendsinventtheHubertprogram?A.Toimprovehighereducationbygivingprofessorsaccuratefeedbackfromstudents.B.Tomaketheprofessors?classesmoreappealingandinteresting.C.Tomakethestudentsmorerelaxedandcomfortableinclass.D.Tomakeaprofitbysellingtheprogram.3.WhatdoweknowaboutHubertfromthetext?A.Itisverycostlytouse.nB.Itsdeveloperswereallfamousuniversityprofessors.C.Itcanbeusedtoevaluatethestudentsaswellastheprofessors.D.Itcandealwiththedataitreceivesonitsown.4.WhatisMunro?sattitudetowardsHubertprogram?A.Neutral.B.Appreciative.C.Critical.D.Ambitious.BHereisarecordofthediscussionaboutAI(artificialintelligence)conductedbyseveralscientists:ScientistA:IwouldsaythatwearequitealongwayoffdevelopingtheAI,thoughIdothinkitwillhappenwithinthenextthirtyorfortyyears.Wewillprobablyremainincontroloftechnologyanditwillhelpussolvemanyoftheworld?sproblems.However,noonereallyknowswhatwillhappenifmachinesbecomemoreintelligentthanhumans.Theymayhelpus,ignoreusordestroyus.ItendtobelieveAIwillhaveapositiveinfluenceonourfuturelives,butwhetherthatistruewillbepartlyuptous.ScientistB:Ihavetoadmitthatthepotentialconsequencesofcreatingsomethingthatcanmatchorgobeyondhumanintelligencefrightenme.Evennow,scientistsareteachingcomputershowtolearnontheirown.Atsomepointinthenearfuture,theirintelligencemaywelltakeoffanddevelopatanever-increasingspeed.Humanbeingsevolvebiologicallyveryslowlyandwewouldbequicklysubstituted.Intheshortterm,thereisthedangerthatrobotswilltakeovermillionsofhumanjobs,creatingalargeunderclassofunemployedpeople.Thiscouldmeanlarge-scalepovertyandsocialunrest.Inthelongtermmachinesmightdecidetheworldwouldbebetterwithouthumans.ScientistC:I?mamemberoftheCampaigntoStopKillerRobots.ForgetthemovieimageofaterrifyingTerminatorstampingonhumanskulls(头骨)andthinkofwhatishappeningrightnow:militarymachineslikedrones,gunturretsandsentryrobotsarealreadybeingusedtokillwithverylittlehumaninput.Thenextstepwillbeautonomous“Murderbots”followingordersbutfinallydecidingwhotokillontheirown.Itseemscleartomethatthiswouldbecompletelyunethicalanddangerousforhumans.Weneedtobeverycautiousindeedaboutwhatweaskmachinestodo.5.WhatisScientistBworriedabout?A.AItechnologywilldestroytheearth.B.Computerscan?tthinkbythemselves.C.Robotswilltaketheplaceofhumans.D.Humanswillbeunhappywithoutmachines.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.TheCampaigntoStopKillerRobots.B.ThemovieimageofaterrifyingTerminator.C.“Murderbots”can?tdecidebythemselves.D.“Murderbots”willbeagainsthumans?orders.7.WhichstatementisCORRECTaccordingtotherecord?A.ScientistAthinksAItechnologywillneverdevelop.B.TheemploymentwillbeaffectedbyAItechnologyinthefuture.nC.“Murderbots”willfollowtheordersoftheirmanufacturersinthewars.D.AllthethreescientistsagreethatAItechnologywillbenefithumanbeings.8.Whoagree(s)thatAIhasmorenegativeaspectsthanpositiveaspects?A.ScientistA.B.ScientistB.C.ScientistsB&C.D.ScientistsB&A.Ⅱ.语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AhumanoidrobotnamedSophiahasmadehistorybybecomingthefirstrobotintheworld1.　　　　(award)citizenship.SaudiArabia(沙特阿拉伯)onWednesdayofferedcitizenshiptotherobot,designedbyDavidHanson.JournalistAndrewRossmadethe2.　　　　(announce)attheendofaninterviewwithSophia. Sophia3.　　　　(response),withoutmissingabeat:“IwanttothankverymuchtheKingdomofSaudiArabia.” “Iamvery4.　　　　(pride)andhonouredforthisuniquedistinction.Itishistoricaltobethefirstrobotintheworldtoberecognizedwithcitizenship,”therobotsaid. Theparticularsofthecitizenshipwerenotdiscussed,andit?snotclear5.　　　　SophiawillhavethesamerightsasahumanSaudiArabiancitizen. 6.　　　　(discuss)thefutureofAI(artificialintelligence),RossexpressedconcernspreviouslyraisedbyElonMusk7.　　　　AIcouldbedangerousifitweretogoevilandturnonhumanity.8.　　　　SophiainsisteditwantedtouseAIonlyto“helphumansliveabetterlife”. SophiatriedtoremoveRoss?fearsofa“badfuture”,insistingthatAIisdesignedaroundhuman9.　　　　(value)likewisdom,kindness,andcompassion.Itaccusedhim10.　　　　readingtoomuchElonMusk,andsaid,“Don?tworry.Ifyou?renicetome,I?llbenicetoyou.Treatmeasasmartinput-outputsystem.” Ⅲ.短文改错Attention,swimmer!Pleaselistencarefullytothefollowedinformation.AllguestsmustsignoutandleaveaphotoIDatthefrontdesk.Itisrequiredwhichallswimmersshouldshowerwithsoapbeforeenteringthepool.Inadditionto,allswimmersmustwearproperbathingsuits.Ifourexecutives(管理人员)determinedthatyourclothesarenotappropriate,youwillbeforbiddentoenterthepool.nIfyouaresickandhavesignsofillness,don?tusethepool.Pleaseremindyourchildrentousethebathroom.Iftheyhave“accidents”,reportthemtothegymstaffimmediate.Childrenunder10yearsoldmustbeaccompaniedbyaadultatalltimes.Remindchildrenthatspittingnotallowed.课时作业(三十二)Ⅰ.A【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了一款新型的智能教授评价机器人。1.C　推理判断题。根据第二段中“Qualitativefeedbackisdifferentfromthesurveyresponsesthatstudentsareoftenaskedtoprovideattheendofaclass.”可知,这些数据是指调查反馈,故选C。2.A　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“ThegoalofthenewHubertprogramistoimproveeducationbygivingteachersdetailed,organizedfeedbackfromstudents.”可知,ViktorNordmark发明Hubert这个程序是为了给教授们提供精准的学生反馈,从而提高教学水平,故选A。3.D　推理判断题。根据第三段的整体内容可推知,Hubert可以自己处理收到的数据,进行相应的分析,故选D。4.B　观点态度题。根据最后一段中“‘Everyone,bothstudentsandprofessors,isalreadycomfortablewithchats,’Munrosaid.”并结合对最后两段的整体理解可推知,Munro对Hubert是持支持态度的,而对传统的评价制度并不满意,故选B。B【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了几位科学家对于人工智能的看法。5.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Humanbeingsevolvebiologicallyveryslowlyandwewouldbequicklysubstituted.”可知,科学家B担心的是机器人会代替人类,从而导致一系列的问题,故选C。6.D　代词指代题。根据最后一段中“Thenextstepwillbeautonomous‘Murderbots’followingordersbutfinallydecidingwhotokillontheirown.”和本句中的“…wouldbecompletelyunethicalanddangerousforhumans.”可推知,此处it是指“Murderbots”违背人类指令的行为,故选D。7.B　推理判断题。根据第三段中“Intheshortterm,thereisthedangerthatrobotswilltakeovermillionsofhumanjobs,creatingalargeunderclassofunemployedpeople.”可知,人类就业会受到人工智能的影响,如:机器人替代人类,故选B。8.C　推理判断题。根据我们对最后两段的整体理解可推知,科学家B和C认为人工智能弊大于利,故选C。nⅡ.【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了一个仿真机器人Sophia成为第一个被赋予公民权利的机器人。1.tobeawarded　考查不定式的被动语态。一个名叫Sophia的机器人创造了历史,成为全球首个被赋予公民权利的机器人。此句是非谓语作定语,句中robot受序数词thefirst修饰且与动词award是被动关系,故用不定式的被动形式tobeawarded作定语。2.announcement　考查词性转换。一名记者对Sophia进行了采访,采访快结束时,他宣布了这一消息。maketheannouncement宣布。3.responded　考查动词时态。Sophia平静地回答:“我非常感谢沙特阿拉伯王国。”此处与全文时态一致,叙述发生过的事情应用一般过去时,故填responded。4.proud　考查形容词。句意:Sophia说:“获此独一无二的荣誉,我深感自豪与荣幸。”此处由very修饰作系动词am的表语,故填proud。5.if/whether　考查连词。此处指Sophia和沙特阿拉伯公民是否有同等的权利还没明确,表示“是否”,故填if/whether。6.Discussing　考查非谓语动词。句中主语Ross和动词discuss是主动关系,此处作状语用动词-ing形式,故填Discussing。7.that　考查名词性从句连接词。此句是同位语从句,从句句意完整,故由that引导同位语从句,解释concerns的具体内容。8.But　考查连词。Ross表达了对“人工智能如果变邪恶,会对人类构成危险”的担心,但是Sophia说它只是想帮助人类过更好的生活。前后句是转折关系,故填But。9.values　考查名词复数。此处由human修饰指“人类的价值观”,根据likewisdom,kindness,compassion可知用复数,故填values。10.of　考查介词。accusesbofdoingsth为固定搭配,意为“指责/控告某人做某事”。Ⅲ.Attention,swimmer!Pleaselistencarefullytothefollowedinformation.Allguestsmustsignoutandleaveaphoto swimmers following inIDatthefrontdesk.Itisrequiredwhichallswimmersshouldshowerwithsoapbeforeenteringthepool.Inadditionto, thatallswimmersmustwearproperbathingsuits.Ifourexecutives(管理人员)determinedthatyourclothesarenot determineappropriate,youwillbeforbiddentoenterthepool.Ifyouaresickandhavesignsofillness,don?tusethepool. orPleaseremindyourchildrentousethebathroom.Iftheyhave“accidents”,reportthemtothegymstaffimmediate. immediatelyChildrenunder10yearsoldmustbeaccompaniedbyaadultatalltimes.Remindchildrenthatspitting∧isnotallowed. ann