2019年高中英语unit4earthquakes课时跟踪练（一）（含解析）新人教版必修1 6页

课时跟踪练(一)WarmingUp&Reading—PrereadingⅠ.阅读理解AIfthecrust(外壳)oftheearthwerenotprettysolid(坚固的),itwouldbeshakingaboutandmovingupanddownfrequently(频繁地).However,thereareplacesintherocksoftheearth'scrustwhereitisn'tstronglyheldtogether—wherefaultsexist.Alongthefaults,onerockmightpushagainstanotherwithgreatforce.Theenergyischangedtovibrationintherocks,sotheybegintoshakeandwehaveanearthquake!ThemostfamousoneinNorthAmericawastheSanFranciscoearthquakeof1906.Sevenhundredpeoplediedandproperty(财产)damageamountedtoabout$425,000,000.Thegreatestdestructioncamefromthefiresthatfollowedthequake.OneofthemostfamousearthquakesinEuropetookplaceinLisbon,Portugal,in1755.Thecitywasdestroyedandatleastthirtythousandpeoplewerekilled.In1908,inCalabriaandSicily,aquakekilledaboutseventyfivethousandpeople.In1915，incentralItaly,hundredsoftownsandvillagesweredamagedandthirtythousandpeoplewerekilled.TwogreatearthquakesthatcausedgreatdamageinAsiatookplaceinTokyo,Japan,andinGansuProvinceinChina.TheTokyoquakeof1923killedmorethanonehundredthousandpeopleanddestroyedthecityandthecityofYokohama,too.TheChinesequakein1920coveredmorethanthreehundredsquaremilesandkilledabouttwohundredthousandpeople.语篇解读：本文介绍了地震起因及历史上几次大地震。1．Theunderlinedword“vibration”inthefirstparagraphprobablymeans“________”．A．shaking　　　　　　　B．forceC．energyD．losing解析：选A　词义猜测题。一块岩石有可能用力挤压另一块岩石，地壳的能量发生了改变导致岩石晃动，于是地震发生了。vibration意为“晃动”，故A项正确。2．Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderoftheyearswhentheearthquakeshappened?①theSanFranciscoearthquake②theearthquakeinLisbon,Portugaln③theearthquakeinCalabriaandSicily④theearthquakeincentralItaly⑤theearthquakeinGansuProvince⑥theTokyoquakeA．③④⑤⑥②①B．⑤⑥②①③④C．②①③④⑤⑥D．①③④②⑤⑥解析：选C　细节排序题。由文章地震发生的时间顺序可知C项正确。3．Accordingtothepassage,theearthquakethatkilledthemostpeoplehappenedin________.A．PortugalB．ItalyC．JapanD．China解析：选D　细节理解题。由地震伤亡数字可知，1920年在中国发生的地震伤亡人数最多。4．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.A．theearth'scrustinEuropeisweakerthanthatinotherplacesB．thefiresfollowingtheSanFranciscoearthquakecausedmoredamagethantheearthquakedidC．therewere75,000peoplekilledintheSanFranciscoearthquake　D．thecityofYokohamawasnotgreatlyinfluencedbytheTokyoquake解析：选B　推理判断题。由第二段“Thegreatestdestructioncamefromthefiresthatfollowedthequake.”可知B项正确。BHavinglivedinCaliforniauntil1970,myfamilyhasfeltanumberofearthquakes.Wehavebeenfortunate,however,tohavesufferednobodilyharmorpropertydamage.ThereisawebsitethatlistsallCaliforniaearthquakesrecordedfrom1769tothepresent.Thesiteliststhedatesandtimesaswellasthemagnitude(震级)andtheexactlocationofanyquakethatmeasuredmorethan6.0.Thereareonlyafewquakesthatstandoutinmymemoryand,luckily,noneisshowninthewebsite.So,mypersonalexperiencewithearthquakesmightbeconsideredinsignificant.Therearethreeearthquakesthataredifficulttoforget.Thefirstonewasin1955andouroldestdaughterwaswalkingwithmeinourbackyardinRedwoodCityinCalifornia.AstheshakingbecamestrongerIheldhertomewithonearmasIheldontooneofourfruittreeswiththeother.Allthreeofus(mydaughter,Iandthetree)shookfortwoorthreeminutesthattousfeltlikehours.nThesecondonewasin1963.OurentirefamilywasvisitingDisneylandinSouthernCalifornia.Theearthstartedtoshakejustaswewerebeginningtowalkfromourhoteltowardthe_famous_landmark.MythirdexperiencewithanearthquakewasalonelyoneinCalifornia.ItwasinmysixtiesandIwasaloneinanoldchurch.Asthebuildingstartedtoshake,Iquicklyheadedforthedoortogooutside.IrememberIsaidalittleprayer—somethinglike,“Helpmegetoutofhereintime,DearHeavenlyFather”.Minuteslater,Iwassafeoutside.语篇解读：本文为记叙文，作者回忆了自己经历的三次地震。5．Theauthorwritesthepassagemainlytotellusabout________.A．anewfilmaboutanearthquakeB．howtosurviveanearthquakeC．histhreeearthquakeexperiencesD．howtosavechildreninanearthquake解析：选C　写作意图题。作者主要是向读者介绍了自己经历的三次地震。6．Theearthquakestheauthorhasexperienced________.A．allcausedbodilyharmB．areallrecordedinawebsiteC．allmeasuredmorethan6.0D．allhappenedinCalifornia解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段的“Thefirstonewasin1955...inCalifornia.”和第四段第二句以及第五段的“MythirdexperiencewithanearthquakewasalonelyoneinCalifornia.”可知答案。7．Whenthefirstearthquakehappened,theauthor________.A．wasstayingwithhisdaughterB．wasplantingfruittreesC．heldontoatreeforhoursD．wasinahotel解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段的“Allthreeofus(mydaughter,Iandthetree)shookfortwoorthreeminutes”可知作者和他的女儿共同经历了这场地震。8．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“thefamouslandmark”referto?A．Achurch.B．Disneyland.C．Abuildingdestroyedbyanearthquake.nD．Theplacewheretheauthorwasborn.解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第四段的“OurentirefamilywasvisitingDisneyland”可知答案。CThesepeoplearestudyingEnglish.However,theyarenowfacingsomeproblems.　　IamPablo.Iwork50hoursaweekasataxidriver,soItalktopeopleallday.Theyunderstandme,butIknowImakealotofmistakes.Noonecorrectsme.Myvocabularyisstrong.Grammarismyproblem.I'mtryingtochangelittlebylittle.Forexample,Idon'tusethepasttense(时态).Ialwayssay,“Idrivehimtotheofficethismorning”insteadof“Idrovehimtotheofficethismorning”.　　MynameisMariaLuisa.I'mteachingmyselfEnglish,andI'mgoodatgrammar.However,it'sreallydifficulttofindwaystopracticeEnglish.Iliveinanareawhereeveryonespeaksmylanguage.MyneighborsandfriendsspeakSpanish.IcanspeakSpanishinthesupermarketandatthepostoffice.　　IamLiPing.IunderstandthegrammarandthereadingsinmyclassandIthinkmywritingisgood,butI'mverynervouswhenIspeakEnglish.Idon'twanttomakeanymistakesbecauseI'mafraidpeoplewillthinkthatI'mstupid.Also,mypronunciationisn'tgood.WhenIspeak,peopleoftensay,“What?Saythatagain”．　　IamYoshi.IhavebeenintheUnitedStatesforoneyear.I'mstudyinghardandIknowgrammarwell,butthevocabularyisverydifficult.WhenIlisten,Idon'tunderstandmanyofthewords.WhenItrytoread,therearethreeorfournewwordsineverysentence.Ifeeldiscouraged.语篇解读：本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了几位英语学习者遇到的一些问题。9．Whomaysay,“Igotobedlatelastnight”？A．Pablo.　　　　　　　B．MariaLuisa.C．LiPing.D．Yoshi.n解析：选A　推理判断题。由第二段中的“Idon'tusethepasttense.”及其后的例子可知，因为这句话中的时态不对，所以有可能是Pablo所说，故选A项。10．WhatwouldbethebestadviceforMariaLuisa?A．Trytohaveawidevocabulary.B．Developagoodknowledgeofgrammar.C．ReadasmanyEnglishbooksaspossible.D．MakefriendswithEnglishspeakingpeople.解析：选D　推理判断题。由第三段内容可知MariaLuisa没有讲英语的环境，所以最好的建议应该是和讲英语的人交朋友，故选D项。11．WhydopeoplefindithardtounderstandLiPing'sEnglish?A．Shecan'tpronouncewordsinEnglishcorrectly.B．Shespeaksataveryfastspeed.C．Hergrammaristerrible.D．Hervoiceisverylow.解析：选A　细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“mypronunciationisn'tgood.WhenIspeak,peopleoftensay，‘What?Saythatagain’．”可知，A项正确。12．WhatcanwelearnaboutYoshi?A．HewasbornintheUnitedStates.B．Hehasaverysmallvocabulary.C．HehaslearnedEnglishforyears.D．Heisverygoodatlistening.解析：选B　细节理解题。由最后一段中的“thevocabularyisverydifficult.WhenIlisten...newwordsineverysentence.”可知，Yoshi的英文词汇贫乏，故选B项。Ⅱ.阅读七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。GogreenAreyouworriedaboutourearth？Doyouwanttodowhatyoucantosaveit？__1__Itmayseemliketheactionsofonepersonwon'tmakeadifference,butthereareactuallymanywaysyoucanhelp.Herearesomeofthem.Turnitoff.Turnoffanythingthatuseselectricitywhennotinuse.__2__Ifyouleaveyourtelevisiononordon'tturnofflights,it'swastingelectricity.Remembertoturnthingsoffwhenyoudon'tneedthem.nStartrecycling(回收利用)．It'snotjustpaper,plasticandglassthatcanberecycled—clothescanbe,too.__3__It'sgoodfortheenvironmentandyou'llgetanewlookforfree!__4__Youdon'thavetotravelfartogetwhatyouneed,andproductsdon'thavetotravelfartogettoyou,either.Shopatfarmers'marketsandbuyfoodthatwasproducedasclosetoyourhomeaspossible.Andwhenyou'reonlineshopping,trytofindthingsthatwon'thavetotravellongdistances.Savewater.Ifyoudon'tletthewaterrunwhenyou'rebrushingyourteethandtakeshowersinsteadofbaths,youwillbeusinglesswaterandlessenergy—butyou'llstillbejustasclean!__5__Useamethodthatrequireslesswatertogetthedishesclean.A．Buythingsnearby.B．Thinkbeforeyoueat.C．It'shardtoknowwheretostart.D．Turnshortjeansyou'vegrownoutofintoshorts.E．Also,don'twashdisheswiththewaterrunningcontinuously.F．Thisgoesforlights,televisions,computers,printers,andsoon.G．Bringareusablewaterbottlewithyouwhentravellingoratwork.语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章介绍了几种保护环境的方法。1．选C　C项和下文中的“butthereareactuallymanywaysyoucanhelp”在语意上构成转折关系，符合语境。2．选F　F项中的“lights,televisions,computers,printers”呼应上文中的electricity和下文中的television和lights。3．选D　D项中的jeans和shorts呼应上文中的clothes。且D项表达的内容符合上文中提到的“canberecycled”。4．选A　A项中的nearby呼应下文中的“don'thavetotravelfar”和“asclosetoyourhomeaspossible”。5．选E　E项中的“washdishes”呼应下文中的“getthedishesclean”。且E项中的“don'twashdisheswiththewaterrunningcontinuously”和上文中的“youdon'tletthewaterrunwhenyou'rebrushingyourteethandtakeshowers”构成并列关系，E项中的Also承接上文。