2019高中英语unit1nothingventurednothinggainedsectionⅰwarmingup 21页

Unit1NothingventurednothinggainedBlindmanclimbsMountEverestTrue(T)orFalse(F)1．ErikWeihenmayerwasaround21yearsoldwhenheclimbedMountMcKinley.(　　)2．Becauseofhisblindness，ErikwasunabletobeanactiveteammemberwhenclimbingMountEverest.(　　)3．Erikgotmarriedin1997.(　　)答案：1.F　2.F　3.TErikWeihenmayerwasbornwithaneyedisorder.Asachildhiseyesightbecameworseandthen，attheageof13，helosthissightcompletely.However，hedidnotlosehisdetermination(决心)toleadafullandactivelife.Erikbecameanadventurer.Hetookupparachuting，wrestling(摔跤)andscubadiving.Hecompetedinlongdistancebiking，marathonsandskiing.Hisfavouritesport，though，ismountaineering.Asayoungman，Erikstartedtoclimbmountains.Hereachedthesummit(最高峰)ofMountMcKinleyin1995andthenclimbedthedangerous1,000metrerockwallofElCapitan.Twoyearslater，whileclimbingMountKilimanjaroinKenyawithhisgirlfriend，theystoppedforatimeat1,200metresabovesealevel—inordertogetmarried.In1999，heclimbedAconcagua，thetallestmountaininSouthAmericA．Andthen，on25thMay,2001，attheageof32，Eriksuccessfullycompletedthegreatestmountaineeringchallengeofall.HeclimbedMountEverest，thehighestmountainintheworld.Erikinventedhisownmethodforclimbingmountains.Hecarriestwolongpoles：onetolean(倚靠)onandtheothertotestthewayaheadofhim.Theclimberinfrontofhimwearsabelltoguidehim.Erikisagoodteammember.Hedoeshisshareofthejobs，suchassettinguptentsandbuildingsnowwalls.Althoughhecouldnotenjoytheview，ErikfelttheexcitementofbeingonthesummitofEverest.Hehopesthathissuccesswillchangehowpeoplethinkabouttheblind.“Whenpeoplethinkaboutablindpersonorblindness，theywillthinkaboutapersonstandingontopoftheworld.”Section_ⅠWarming_Up_&_ReadingⅠ.高频单词点击1．venture(v.)冒险，敢于去→adventure(n.)冒险→adventurer(n.)冒险家2．endurance(n.)忍耐，持久→endure(v.)忍耐，忍受→endurable(adj.)可忍受的3．cosy(adj.)舒适的，安逸的n4．rotten(adj.)腐烂的，变质的→rot(v.)腐烂5．blacken(v.)使变黑→black(adj.)黑的，(n.)黑色6．blast(n.)一阵(风)；一股(气流)7．hoarse(adj.)嘶哑的8．bless(v.)祝福，保佑→blessing(n.)祝福，幸运→blessed(adj.)神圣的9．hook(n.&v．)钩，钩住；迷上10．crush(v.)碾碎；粉碎，(n.)果汁，粉碎11．urgent(adj.)急迫的，紧急的→urge(v.)紧急→urgency(n.)紧急12．cheerful(adj.)高兴的，愉快的→cheer(v.&n．)高兴，干杯→cheerfully(adv.)高兴地13．persevere(v.)坚持→perseverance(n.)坚持，毅力14．morale(n.)士气，精神状态15．swear(v.)发誓，宣誓Ⅱ.重点短语必记1．remindsb.ofsth.　　　　提醒某人某事2．blockout封闭3．asusual像往常一样4．holdon坚持5．givewayto让路；让步6．setout动身，着手做7．makesb.asteward使某人成为一名膳务员Ⅲ.常用句型必备1．AspiderwasmakingitswebwhileRoberttheBrucewaswatchingitinacave.2．“Holdonnow，Perce.Don’t_you_go_turning_into_another_Tom，”comesthereply.3．SoitwaswithgreatexcitementonemorninginJuly1914thatIreadthisadvertisement.Ⅳ.课文大意理解1．Theword“grey”meansthewriterwas________.A．sadB．gladC．angryD．happy答案：A2．Thewriters’toeswereblackandrottenbecausetheywere________.nA．bittenbysealsB．hurtwhilecatchingfishC．frozenbyfrostD．causedbysomeillness答案：C3．Thewriterwentontheexpedition________.A．becauseofShackleton’spermissionB．withoutShackleton’spermissionC．becausehecouldmakemealsforthecrewD．becausehewasselectedbyShackleton答案：B4．Whentheshipsank，wesavedthethingsEXCEPT________.A．foodandcandlesB．cookingequipmentC．allthemoneywehadD．beddingandclothes答案：C5．Whatdidtheydoatlast?A．Theywaitedthereforrescue.B．Theyallwenttofindhelp.C．Someofthemwenthome.D．Someofthemwentforhelpandsomeremainedwaiting.答案：DⅤ.课文缩写填空PerceBlackborowwas__1__whenheknewtherewasanexpeditionwithShackleton.Hesecretlyhidaboardbutwasfoundbecauseofhis__2__.Hewasmadeastewardontheship.OnJanuary18th,1915，theshipEndurance__3__becauseofthepackice，Shackletonmadean__4__announcementthatwemustsaveessentialsupplies，suchasfood，__5__andclothes.ButheencouragedHusseytobringhis__6__，forhethoughtitcouldkeepus__7__.Shackletonwasalwayshonestwiththecrewandnever__8__disappointment，evenwhentheshipsank.His__9__wontheircompletefaithinhim.OnElephantIsland，allthepeoplekeptbusy.Theydividedfoodandbeddingfairly，whichcontributedtothe__10__ofthecrewandsavedtheirlives.答案：1.hooked　2.seasickness　3.crushed　4.urgent5．bedding　6.banjo　7.cheerful　8.gavewayton9．perseverance　10.morale[单词点击]1．venture(1)n.[C](有风险的)商业，企业；冒险的行动Hefailedinhisventures.他投机失败。Sheisreadyforanyventure.她准备冒任何危险。(2)vi.&vt.冒险；敢于去Nobodyventuredanyobjectionatthemeeting.在会上无人敢提反对意见。venturetodosth.　　　　小心地说，谨慎地做ventureone’slifetodosth.冒着生命危险做某事venturesth.onsth.冒着……的危险adventuren.冒险，奇异的经历Heventuredhislifetorescuethedrowningchild.他冒着生命危险抢救快要淹死的孩子。venture，risk(1)venture“冒险，敢于”，后面接todo，指有风险等的计划、事业。(2)risk“冒险”，后面接doing。　(1)He__________________________(冒牺牲生命的危险)tosavethechildintheruins.(risk)(2)Manypeoplenow________________________(冒险把钱投在)thestockmarket.(venture)答案：(1)riskedlosinghislife　(2)venturetheirmoneyon2．endurancen．忍耐力Heshowedremarkablepowerofendurance.他表现出十分突出的忍耐力。Longdistancerunnersneedgreatendurance.长跑运动员需要有很大的耐力。npast/beyondendurance　　　忍无可忍endurancetest耐力测试endurevt.忍受；容忍；持久enduringadj.持久的endurableadj.可忍受(容忍)的Weenduredmanyhardshipsduringthewar.我们在战时忍受了很多的苦难。　(1)Ifhelpdoesnotcome，wemust________totheend.(2)The________peaceshouldn’tbebrokenbyfewcountries.(3)Seeinganimalscruellytreatedisbeyond________.(4)Whathesaidisn’t________.答案：(1)endure　(2)enduring　(3)endurance(4)endurable3．rotten(1)adj.腐烂的，腐朽的Thefruitboughtlastweekisstartingtogorotten.上周买的水果开始腐烂变质了。(2)adj.非常糟糕的，恶劣的Sheusedtobearottensinger.她以前是一个蹩脚的歌手。(3)adj.腐败的Theorganizationisrottentothecore,sodon’trelyonittohelpthepoor.这个组织腐败透顶，因此不要指望它能帮助穷人。(4)adv.很大程度上，非常Themotherspoilsthechildrenrotten.母亲非常溺爱孩子。rotv.&n．　　　腐烂；腐败变质；形势恶化rotaway烂掉It’sapitythatsomeapplesrottedonthetree.很遗憾有些苹果在树上就腐烂了。n　　(1)Thewindowframe______________________________(已经完全烂掉了)．(2)Toomuchsugarwill________________________(使你的牙腐烂)．(3)Food__________________(腐烂)easilyinsummer.答案：(1)hasrottenawaycompletely(2)rotyourteeth(3)goesrotten4．blackenvt.变黑；使变黑Afteraweek’suse，theblackboardshouldbeblackened.使用了一周后，黑板应该涂黑漆了。Heblackenedthewrongpartsinhiscomposition.他把作文中的错误部分涂黑了。en或en与形容词或名词相结合后，原词就由形容词或名词变成动词。由这种词缀构成的动词还有：strengthen　　　　　　　加强sharpen使锋利darken使黑widen加宽enrich使丰富encourage鼓励enlarge使扩大endanger使处于危险　(1)Theroadissonarrow，anditwillbe________(加宽)thissummer.(2)________(激励)byhiswords，hisstudentsdevotedalloftheirtimetostudy.(3)Thepowerofthecentralgovernmenthasbeenfurther________(加强)．(4)Thatexperience________(拓宽)theirknowledgeabouthistory.答案：(1)widened　(2)Encouraged　(3)strengthened(4)enlarged5．blast(1)n.[C]一阵(疾风)；一股(气流)；(爆炸所引起的)冲击波nAnicyblastofwindblewhishatoff.一阵冰冷的风把他的帽子吹跑了。TheblastfromthebombblewoutallthewindowsintheareA．炸弹爆炸的冲击波震破了这个地区的所有窗户。(2)vt.炸，炸掉They’retryingtoblastawaythehilltopavethewayforthenewhighway.他们试图炸掉这座小山丘为新公路创造条件。atablast　　　　　一鼓作气地atfullblast(工作、活动)达到高潮blastoff(火箭等的)发射，升空Therocketisduetoblastoffat14∶30.火箭预计14点30分点火起飞。　Helikedthebooksomuchthathereadit________.A．atablast　　B．atfullblastC．blastoffD．inblast解析：选A　atablast一鼓作气地，atfullblast大规模地，blastoff为动词显然不对，inblast在鼓风，只有A符合句意。6．blessv．赐福于；感谢；保护……免于Iblessedhimforhelpingme.真要谢谢他帮了我。beblessedwith　　有幸得到，被赋予　　哎呀！我的天啊！blessingn.祝福；天赐；幸运blessedadj.神圣的；有福的；该死的Ourcountryisblessedwithnaturalresources.我们国家拥有丰富的自然资源。Goodhealthisablessing.健康就是幸福。　　(1)Mybeinglateisallforthat________car.(2)Fathergiveshis_________toourholidaysplans.答案：(1)blessed　(2)blessing7．hook(1)n.[C]钩，吊钩nHehunghiscoatonthehookbehindthedoor.他把外套挂在门后的挂钩上。(2)vt.钩住；使入迷，上瘾Keepstill；yourhair’shookedonabutton.别动，你的头发钩在钮扣上了。Shewashookedbywhatthemanhadsaid.那个男人说的话把她给迷住了。offthehook　　　摆脱危险，脱离困境onthehook陷入困境，陷入圈套hookup用钩子钩住，安装接通Ihopeyoucansendamantohookupmytelephonesoon.我希望你能赶紧找人安装好我的电话机。Themanwasonthe________designedbyhisbelovedfriend.A．trickB．hookC．cookD．book解析：选B　onthehook陷入圈套。8．crush(1)vt.压碎，碾碎；弄皱；[喻]镇压，制服，压垮Shecrushedthechairbysittingonit.她坐在椅子上面将椅子压破。Thegeneralsucceededincrushingtherebellion.将军成功地镇压了叛变。crushone’sway　　　奋力挤出一条路来crush...into...将……碎成Theboycrushedhiswaytolookforhissisterinthecrowd.这个男孩在人群中挤成一条路来去寻找他的妹妹。(2)n.极度拥挤；果汁；粉碎There’salwayssuchacrushonthetraininthemorning.早晨火车上总是那么拥挤。　　(1)He________________________(挤出一条路来)acrossthehalltohisseat.(2)Themachinecan________________________(将小麦磨成)powder.答案：(1)crushedhisway　(2)crushwheatinton9．urgent(1)adj.急迫的，紧急的Imustpostthisletter；it’surgent.我必须发这封信，它很紧急。(2)beurgentwithsb.forsth.硬向某人要某物Monicawasurgentwithmeforfurtherparticulars.莫尼卡硬要我给她(讲)接下来的详细情况。urgencyn．紧急；迫切；强求；催促urgevt.推进；极力主张；强调；力劝；激励n．冲动；热情；强烈；要求urgesth./sb.on　　　　　　催促某物/某人前进urgesb.todosth.催促某人做某事urgethat...(should)dosth.极力主张；强调……Itisurgedthat...(should)dosth.坚决要求……Heurgedonhispupilstheimportanceofhardwork.他向学生们力言用功的重要性。TheUNurgedSyriatostopviolenceimmediatelyandgobacktothenegotiatingtable.联合国敦促叙利亚应立即停止暴力行为，回到谈判桌上来。Itisstronglyurgedthatthelibraryshouldbekeptopenduringthevacation.他们极力主张图书馆假期也开放。　　(1)Theyurgedusgoingwiththem.________________________________________________________________________(2)TheEnglishteacheroftenurgeshisstudentsmuststudyharder.________________________________________________________________________答案：(1)going前加into，或going→togo(2)must→should10．cheerful(1)adj.愉快的；高兴的Hefeltbrightandcheerfulandfullofenergy.他感到兴高采烈，浑身充满活力。(2)cheervi.&vt.(为……)欢呼，喝彩；使振奋，使高兴n.欢呼，喝彩nThecrowdcheeredloudlyastheQueenappeared.女王出现时群众高声欢呼。Let’sgivethreecheersforourteam—they’vewon!让我们为我们队欢呼三声，他们赢了！cheeron　　　　　　为……鼓气，向……喝彩cheerup(使)振作，(使)鼓舞IwenttotheNanjingYouthOlympicstocheerourteamon.我去南京青奥会为我们的队伍加油。　　(1)The________couldbeheardhalfamileaway.(2)Thespeaker’s________mannermadethepeoplepresentcomfortable.(3)Everyone________upatthenewsthatwesucceededinsendingupTiangong1.答案：(1)cheering　(2)cheerful　(3)cheered11．perseverancen．毅力；坚忍；坚持不懈Thisjobcanbedoneonlywithperseverance.必须有毅力才能完成这项工作。Thoughheisoversixty，hepersevereswithhiswork.他虽已六十多岁，但仍孜孜不倦地工作。perseverev．　　　　　　坚忍；坚持persevereat/with/in...坚持……，坚持不懈……perseveringadj.坚持不懈的；坚持住的Oldashewas,heperseveredwithhiswork.尽管他年龄大了，但他仍然孜孜不倦地工作。　　把工作坚持下去，你就会成功。________________________________________________________________________答案：Perseverewithyourworkandyou’llsucceed.12．swearvt.&vi.(swore；sworn)(1)发誓，郑重承诺(不用于被动语态)Shemadehimswearnottotellanyone.她要他发誓不告诉任何人。n　　　发誓……swearoffsth.发誓不做某事swearbysth.对……发誓，极其信赖Shesworethatshehadneverseenhim.她肯定地说，她从未见过他。(2)宣誓，起誓swearsb.in使某人宣誓就职WitnesseswererequiredtoswearontheBible.证人须手按《圣经》宣誓。(3)咒骂，诅咒，说脏话swearat咒骂Theforemanisalwaysswearingattheworkers.那工头总是对工人们骂骂咧咧。　　(1)Obama________________________(宣誓就职)inJanuary2009.(2)I’vedecidedto______________________(宣布戒烟)．(3)Mindyourlanguage！Don’t________________(骂我)．答案：(1)wasswornin　(2)swearoffsmoking(3)swearatme[短语精析]1．blockout封闭(＝blockoff)画出……的略图Ihaveblockedoutaplanofthehouse.我已绘出了房子的草图。Theyhadtoblockoutallentrancestostopthespreadingofthefire.他们不得不封住所有入口以阻止大火的蔓延。blockup　　　　　　阻碍；阻塞；堵塞Trytoblockuptheseholesinthewall.设法堵塞这些墙洞。　　(1)Thatwall________________(挡住)allthelight.(2)Thisareahasbeen________________(封闭)．答案：(1)blocksup　(2)blockedout2．holdon坚持，继续；(打电话时用语)请等一下，不要挂上nTheymanagedtoholdonuntilhelparrived.他们勉强坚持到救援到来。Couldyouholdon？I’lljustseeifthemanager’sin.你不要挂断电话好吗？我去看一看经理在不在。holddown　　　　压低；压制holdback阻止；抑制，隐瞒holdonto抓住；执着于；固守holdout伸出；持续；坚持到底holdup举起；阻止　　(1)我们可以在这里一直待到我们的贮备品用完。Wecanstayhereforaslongasoursupplies________________.(2)她总算抑制住了自己的愤怒情绪。Shejustmanagedto________________heranger.(3)他到现在还没到，是什么耽误了他？Hehasn’tturnedup.What__________________________________________________?答案：(1)holdout　(2)holdback　(3)heldhimup[句型归纳]1．AspiderwasmakingitswebwhileRoberttheBrucewaswatchingitinacave.罗伯特·布鲁斯正在一个山洞里观看蜘蛛织网。while然而，在……过程while的用法归纳：Whileshewaslisteningtotheradio，shefellasleep.她听着收音机睡着了。Somepeoplewastefoodwhileothershaven’tenoughtoeat.有些人浪费粮食，然而有些人却吃不饱。nWhileheloveshisstudents，heisverystrictwiththem.虽然他爱他的学生，可是他对他们很严格。Youdon’thavetoworrywhilewearehere.只要我们在，你就别担心。though，however，but，while从词义上看，四个词相近，均表示转折，其中but语气强烈，意为“但是”。从词性上看，however和though用作副词，当“然而，可是”讲，而but和while用作连词用于连接并列分句。从句子位置看，but与while一般位于两个分句之间；however位置灵活，可位于句首、句中和句尾，而且用逗号与句子分开；though一般置于句末。Welovepeace，butwearen’tafraidofwar.我们热爱和平，但并不害怕战争。Theplanisallright；however，itcanbemadebetter.这个计划不错，不过应该还可以更好。I’minterestedinsportswhilemybrotherisfondofmusic.我对体育感兴趣，而我弟弟却爱好音乐。Itisexpensive.I’llbuyonethough.(那东西)很贵，然而我打算买一个。Schoolsinthesouthtendtobebetterequipped，________thoseinthenortharerelativelypoor.A．whileB．howeverC．whenD．though解析：选A　while表强烈的对比关系。2．“Don’t_yougoturningintoanotherTom，”comesthereply.“不要变成另一个汤姆。”应答声传来。该句是祈使句的强调说法，语气很强。表示关照或警告对方。Don’tyou...的祈使句式是高考考查的重点：Don’tyoubelateagain！别再迟到了。Don’tyouforgetthislesson！不要忘了这次教训。Don’tyou...？是修辞疑问句，说明问话者的责备、劝告等语气。Don’tyouknowthetruth？难道你不知道真相吗？其他几类带主语的祈使句：n(1)为了强调指明向谁提出要求或发出命令时YoutellhimwhatIsaid.你把我说的话告诉他。Everybodystandup.大家都站起来。(2)表达气愤，不满，厌烦，急躁等情绪时Yougetoutofhere！你给我滚出这儿。(3)表示对照或区别不同的说话对象时Helen，youcleanthewindow，andPaul，yousweepthefloor.海伦，你擦窗子，保罗，你扫地。(4)当祈使句中有in，out，away，up，off等状语副词置于句首时Upyoustand！你站起来！　　(1)你走吧！________________________________________________________________________(2)杰克，到这边来。________________________________________________________________________(3)玛丽开门去！________________________________________________________________________答案：(1)Awayyougo！　(2)Jack，youcomehere！　(3)Maryopenthedoor.3．SoitwaswithgreatexcitementonemorninginJuly1914thatIreadthisadvertisement：于是在1914年7月的一个早晨，我极其兴奋地读了以下这则广告：这是一个强调句型，强调了withgreatexcitement“满怀兴奋地”。强调句型的基本形式是：“Itis/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋剩余部分”，此句式经常用来强调句子的主语、宾语或状语，不可强调表语和谓语。n注意强调句的几种特殊句式：(1)强调句的一般疑问句：把is/was提到句首。WasitTomthatcametoseemeyesterdaywhenIwasout？昨天我不在家时，来找我的是汤姆吗？(2)强调句的特殊疑问句：疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋其他部分？Howwasitthatthelittlegirlgotintouchwithherfather？这个小女孩是怎样和她爸爸取得联系的？(3)not...until的强调句结构：Itis/wasnotuntil...that...Itwasnotuntil11o’clockthatherhusbandcamebacklastnight.昨天晚上她丈夫直到11点才回家。(4)强调从句：Itis/was＋被强调的从句＋that＋其他部分Itwaswhattheheadmastersaidatthemeetingthatreallysurprisedus.正是校长在会上所说的使我们很吃惊。Davidsaidthatitwasbecauseofhisstronginterestinliterature________hechosethecourse.A．thatB．whatC．whyD．how解析：选A　句意为：大卫说正是因为他对文学极为感兴趣，他才会选择这门课程。此题考查强调句型。Itis/was...that...是强调句型，强调了“他选择这门课程的原因”。其他三项均不能连接强调句，故选A。4.Callinguscalmlytogether，hemadeanurgentannouncementthatwemustsaveonlyessentialsuppliesbeforetheshipsank，particularlythesmallboats，food，cookingequipment，candles，beddingandclothes.他镇静地把大家召集起来，紧急宣布我们必须在船沉之前只抢出基本给养，尤其是小船、食物、炊具、蜡烛、被褥和衣服。这是一个复合句，callinguscalmlytogether是现在分词短语，在句子中作状语；announcement后面接了一个that引导的同位语从句，在这个同位语从句中，又含有一个before引导的时间状语从句。同位语从句和定语从句：同位语从句中的连接词不指代从句前的名词，而定语从句中的关系词指代其前的先行词，试比较：Thegeneralgaveanorderthatweshouldsetout.将军命令我们动身。(其中的that不指代order)nThegeneralgaveanorderthatwemustobey.将军下了一个我们必须服从的命令。(句中的that指代order，并在从句中作obey的宾语)IvisitedtheschoolwhereIusedtostudy.我拜望了我的母校。(where在从句中作状语，在这里指代intheschool)Thequestionwherewehavethepartyisnotdecided.我们在哪儿开宴会，这一问题还没有决定。(where在从句中作状语，说明question内容的一部分)　Thenews________DingJunhuiwontheUKChampionshipisn’tsurprisingbecausehehasthetalentforsnooker.A．whichB．thatC．whatD．when解析：选B　句意：丁俊晖赢得英国锦标赛冠军的消息不足为奇，因为他有打台球的天赋。news后是说明其内容的同位语从句，且从句中不缺少任何成分，故用that引导。其他三项都在从句中作成分。Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Weshoulds______ournationaldefencegradually.答案：strengthen2．Hefoundherrudenessu______.答案：unbearable3．Theplanecrashedkillingall200peoplea______.答案：aboard4．Thethicksmokemadethefirefightersb______.答案：breathless5．Theoldmanisc______inspiteofhisillness.答案：cheerful6．Shediedinthatflood.Weall________(哀悼)thelossofher.答案：mourned7．Thepresidentmadean________(通告)aboutthatmatter.答案：announcementn8．Thedriverwaswoundedina________(生命的)part.答案：vital9．Asincerepraisecankeeptheir________(士气)up.答案：morale10．Alltheseedsusedinthisfieldare________(选择)．答案：selectedⅡ.选词填空1．________________aminutewhileIgetmybreathback.答案：Holdon2．Cloudymornings________________clearevenings.答案：givewayto3．Thereweren’tmanypeopleatthemeeting__________.答案：asusual4．Thedoctor________________tooperateonthepatientassoonaseverythingwasready.答案：setout5．Thecaptain________________thatallthethingsontheshipmustbethrownaway.答案：madeanannouncementⅢ.完成句子1．__________________________________________(挣扎在无声和黑暗的世界里)，sheseemedtobesimpleminded.答案：Strugglinginaworldofsilenceanddarkness2．Hesleptonfirewoodandstrawto________________________________(提醒自己不忘苦难)．答案：remindhimselfofhissufferings3．AsI________________(正要)becomeselfpitying，thedoortoourshelteropensand__________________________(一阵冷风)tearsthroughthehut.答案：wasaboutto；ablastofcoldair4．Thisteamspirit__________________________________(鼓舞了士气)ofthecrewandsavedourlives.答案：contributedtothemorale5．He______________________________(让我当膳务员)tohelpcooktwentyeightnmealsthreetimesaday.答案：mademeastewardⅣ.句型转换1．ThemomentwesettledonElephantIsland，Shackletonexplainedhisplantosaveus.________________________wesettledonElephantIsland，Shackletonexplainedhisplantosaveus.答案：Assoonas2．Shedidn’tgotosleepuntilherhusbandcamebacksafely.________________________________herhusbandcamebacksafely________shewenttosleep.答案：Itwasnotuntil；that3．IyelledinahoarsevoicethatIhardlyrecognizeasmyown.Iyelledso________thatIhardlyrecognizeasmyown.答案：hoarsely4．Theshipwascrushedgraduallyinfrontofoureyes.Theshipwascrushedlittlebylittle________________.答案：beforeus5．WewhoremainedonElephantIslandsworethatwewoulddoasheadvocated.________________________________，wesworethatwewoulddoasheadvocated.答案：RemainingonElephantIslandⅤ.单项填空1．Nothingshall________me________fromachievingmygoal.A．hold；forthB．hold；inC．hold；backD．hold；on解析：选C　句意为“什么也阻止不了我实现我的目标”。holdback阻止。2．—Sorry，Joe.Ididn’tmeanto...—Don’tcallme“Joe”．I’mMr.Parkertoyou，and________youforgetit!A．doB．didn’tC．didD．don’t解析：选D　本题考查祈使句。don’tyouforgetit是祈使句。有时为了指明向谁提出请求或命令，或为了加强语气，祈使句中也可说出主语。在否定结构中don’t放在you之前。n3．Theendangeredchildhasbeenoffthe________withthehelpofpoliceman.A．situationB．conditionC．circumstanceD．hook解析：选D　offthehook“摆脱困境”。4．Theygotmarriedwiththeirparents’________.A．blessedB．bleedC．blockD．blessing解析：选D　句意：他们在父母的祝福中结了婚。blessing祝福；blessed为形容词，“神圣的”；bleed为动词，“流血”；block为“块”，“堵塞”。后三者均不符合语境。5．Heis________inhismind，soheispopularwithus.A．cheerfulB．merryC．gladD．joyful解析：选A　句意为“他天性乐观，因此在我们当中大受欢迎”。cheerful多指人天性乐观，在任何情况下保持欣然的样子；merry多指在节日或其他热闹气氛中表现出来的快乐情绪；glad指由于某一特定事物或原因而使人们的心理产生暂时的喜悦；joyful指由于某特别的事件或情景而产生的喜悦心情。本句中主要指一种天性的乐观，所以只有A项是正确的。6．He________smokingwhenthedoctorssaiditcausedlungcancer.A．sworeoutB．sworeoffC．sworeatD．sworeaway解析：选B　swearoffdoingsth.发誓不做某事，句意为“他发誓不抽烟了，当医生说抽烟会引起肺癌时。”7．Shereceivedan________telegramwhichsaidhermotherwassufferingseriousillness.A．urgentB．tightlyC．heavyD．latest解析：选A　urgent紧急的，anurgenttelegram加急电报。8．Allthetraffichadto________theambulancebecauseitransofast.A．giveawaytoB．givewaytoC．givewayforD．makeway解析：选B　givewayto给……让路。makewayfor才可以跟宾语。Ⅵ.阅读理解Weallhaveupsanddowns，andusuallyit’sjustbesttoacceptthem.Butperhapsyouareconcernedaboutsomeonewhoseemstobedepressed(低沉，忧郁)．Maybeheornsheneverfeelslikedoinganythingandneverevenwantstotalk.Isitbestforyounottointerfere？Shouldyoujustsittightandwaitforhimorhertogetoutofitthemselves?Therearewaysyoucanhelp.Hereareafew.1．Getthepersontotalk.Trytogethimorhertotellyounotonlyaboutthedepressionitself，butaboutthefears，wishes，orlossesthatunderlieit.Thisisoftendifficult，ofcourse，butitcanbeveryuseful.Ifnothingelse，itwillreassurethepersonthatsomeonecares.2．Don’ttelladepressedpersonthatthingsare“notthebad”．Tohimorher，theyare.3．Keepthepersonactive.Depressioncausestiredness，whichleadstomoredepression，andsoon.Productiveorentertainingactivitiescanhelpbreakthisvicious(恶性的)cycle.Veryoftenachangeofsceneoravacationcanbeeffective.4．Ifyouarestrugglingwithdepressionyourself，makeyourselfdosomething，howevertrivial(small)itmayseem.Makeyourbedorcleanupyourroom，forexample.Youwillbeabletotellyourselfyou’veaccomplished(完成)something.5．Ifseriousdepressionreactionlastsformorethantwoweeks，youshouldbegintoseekmedicalhelp.1．AllthefollowingwillprovehelpfulforadepressedpersonEXCEPT________.A．keepinghimactiveB．lettinghimhaveavacationC．waitingforhimtotellyouhistroubleD．invitinghimtoentertainactivities解析：选C　细节理解题。从第五段可知，让人摆脱低落情绪的好方法是让他跟人聊天，参加一些有意义的活动等。2．Inordertofightagainstyourowndepression，youshould________.A．dropeverythingyouaredoingB．getawayfromanyonewhocomestoofferhelpC．gotodoctorsassoonaspossibleD．dosomethingnomatterhowunimportantitseemstoben解析：选D　细节理解题。从第六段中可以看出，让自己摆脱低落情绪的好方法是让自己投入到做事中去，使自己有成就感。3．Whatdoesthephrase“sittight”inthelastsentenceofthefirstparagraphmean?A．takeafixedseatB．stickfirmlytoone’sopinionC．sitclosedinasmallplaceD．fastentheseatbelt解析：选B　推理判断题。从第一段可以推出答案。4．Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A．Howtohelpthosesufferingfromdepressionafteraseriousillness.B．Howtogetthoseyouareconcernedaboutoutofdepression.C．Howtohelponeselfovercomethedepression.D．Howtohelponeselfandothersgetoutoflowspirits.解析：选D　主旨大义题。本文就是介绍了摆脱低落情绪的五种方法。