2019高中英语unit3fairnessforallsectionⅰwarmingup 21页

Unit3FairnessforallBarackHusseinObamall(bornAugust4,1961)isthePresidentelectoftheUnitedStates.HewasthejuniorUnitedStatesSenatorfromlllinoisfrom2005untilhisresignationonNovember16,2008.ObamaisthefirstAfricanAmericantobeelectedPresidentoftheUnitedStates.HeisagraduateofColumbiaUniversityandHarvardLawSchool，wherehewaspresidentoftheHarvardLawReview.ObamaworkedasacommunityorganizerandpracticedasacivilrightsattorneybeforeservingthreetermsinthelllinoisSenatefrom1997to2004.HetaughtconstitutionallawattheUniversityofChicagoLawSchoolfrom1992to2004.FollowinganunsuccessfulbidforaseatintheU．S.HouseofRepresentativesin2000，heannouncedhiscampaignfortheU．S.SenateinJanuary2003，wonaprimaryvictoryinMarch2004，andwaselectedtotheSenateinNovember,2004.ObamadeliveredthekeynoteaddressattheDemocraticNationalConventioninJuly2004.BarackObamawasbornattheKapi’olaniMedicalCenterforWomen&ChildreninHonolulu,Hawaii.Hisparentsmetin1960whileattendingtheUniversityofHawaiiatManoa，andmarriedFebruary2,1961.TheyseparatedwhenObamawastwoyearsoldanddivorcedin1964.Obama’sfatherreturnedtoKenyaandsawhissononlyoncemorebeforedyinginanautomobileaccidentin1982.Obama’smotherstayedinlndonesiamostoftherestofherlife，anddiedofovariancancerin1995.Followinghighschool,ObamamovedtoLosAngeles，wherehestudiedatOccidentalCollegefortwoyears.HethentransferredtoColumbiaUniversityinNewYorkCity，wherehemajoredinpoliticalsciencewithaspecializationininternationalrelations.ObamagraduatedwithaB．A．fromColumbiain1983.ObamaenteredHarvardLawSchoolinlate1988andgraduatedwithaJurisDoctor(J.D.)fromHarvardin1991.ThenhereturnedtoChicago.ObamataughtconstitutionallawattheUniversityofChicagoLawSchoolfortwelveyears，beingfirstclassifiedasaLecturerfrom1992to1996，andthenasaSeniorLecturerfrom1996to2004.HewaselectedpresidentoftheUSAin2008andtookofficeinJanuary24,2009.Hewaselectedpresidentagainin2012.True(T)orFalse(F)1．Bothofhisparentsdiedintheaccident.(　　)2．BarackObamawasalawteacherfor12yearsbefore.(　　)3．BarackObamaisthesecondAfricanAmericanelectedPresidentoftheUnitedStates.(　　)答案：1.F　2.T　3.FnSection_ⅠWarming_Up_&_ReadingⅠ.高频单词点击1．civil(adj.)公民的，国民的→civilian(n.)平民，一般市民2．register(v.&n．)登记，注册→registered(adj.)登记过的→registration(n.)注册，挂号，登记3．prohibit(vt.)禁止，阻止→prohibition(n.)禁止→prohibitive(adj.)禁止的4．offence(n.)冒犯，冒犯行为→offend(v.)冒犯，伤害(别人的)感情→offensive(adj.)攻击的，令人不愉快的5．unjust(adj.)不公平的，不公正的→just(adj.)公平的→justice(n.)公平，公正6．separation(n.)分离，分开→separate(v.)分离(adj.)各自的，分开的7．tradition(n.)传统，惯例→traditional(adj.)传统的，惯例的→traditionally(adv.)传统上，照惯例8．submit(v.)服从，听从→submission(n.)服从，听从9．unwilling(adj.)不愿意的，勉强的→willing(反义词)愿意的→will(n.)意愿，意志10．seize(v.)抓住，逮住；夺取11．hopeful(adj.)怀有希望的→hopeless(反义词)没有希望的→hope(n.&v．)希望12．coincidence(n.)巧合→coincide(v.)同时发生，巧合→coincident(adj.)巧合的13．march(vi.)前进；进军14．salute(v.&n．)敬礼，行礼致敬15．abuse(v.&n．)滥用，虐待，辱骂16．battle(n.)战役，战争17．evident(adj.)明显的，显然的→evidence(n.)证据→evidently(adv.)显然，明显地Ⅱ.重点短语必记1．seize_on　　　　　　　　抓住，利用n2．fightagainst...与……斗争3．onthebasisof以……为基础4．decide_on就……做出决定5．ontheotherhand另一方面6．make_up编造7．lead_to导致，通向8．becomeaccustomedto变得习惯于……Ⅲ.常用句型必备1．It_seemed_likeananswertoaprayer.2．Serenacamehometosaythatthenewsthattheboycottwasoverwasgoingtobealloverthenewspaperstomorrow.Ⅳ.课文大意理解1．Beforetheboycott，blackscouldnot________.A．sitatthebackofbusesB．haveaneducationinschooloruniversityC．haveequalrightinvotingD．takejobswithlowerpaythanwhites答案：C2．Duringtheboycott，blacksdidthefollowingEXCEPT________.A．nottakingbusesortrolleybusesB．notshoppingdowntownC．takingtaxiestoworkD．fightingagainstwithwhitesbyforce答案：D3．Fromthetextweknowtheboycott________.A．beganonNovember24,1955B．wascausedbyanincidentonabusC．endedonJanuary25,1956D．causedsomechaosandconflicts答案：B4．“Aredletterday”inthetextmeans________.A．ahappydayB．adayfullofdangersC．asaddayD．adayfullofkillings答案：An5．Thewriter’ssisteraskedhertowearthemostcomfortablesandalsbecause________.A．theywouldmarchinademonstrationB．theshoeswerebeautifulC．theywouldwalktoomuchD．theywouldgoshoppingonfoot答案：CⅤ.课文缩写填空OnDecember25th，a__1__ledbyMartinLutherKing，Jrbegan.Allblacksrefusedtotakebusesor__2__.Theyeithertooktaxiesor__3__onthepavement.Withthewhites’hostilitygrowing，thehousesoftheboycottleaderswere__4__.Intheend，onNovember13th,1956，theUSSupremeCourtdeclaredthe__5__onbuseswaswrong，whichshowedthatblackswonavictoryinthe__6__.Buttheythoughtitwasonlyonesmallblowfor__7__.Andthenthesuccessofthebusboycottbeganthe__8__RightsMovementthroughouttheUSA．Thismovementendedthe__9__systemforblackpeopleineducation，housing，jobs，votingandhotels.Justimaginetheir__10__atthegoodnews.答案：1.boycott　2.trolleybuses　3.marched　4.bombed5．separation　6.battle　7.liberty　8.Civil　9.unjust/unfair　10.happiness[单词点击]1．civiladj.公民的，国民的；民间的，民事的，民法的；文明的，有教养的Keepaciviltongueinyourhead！讲话要文明！Thelecturercontinuedthatcivillawwasdifferenttocriminallaw.讲课人继续解释说民法与刑法是不同的。civilrights　　　　公民权civilcase民事案件civilservant文职公务员civilservice文职机构civilwar内战civiliann.平民，老百姓adj.平民的，与military相对而言Thepresssaysthatthecivilserviceofthecountryhavetoomuchpower.n报界批评说该国政府文职人员的权力太大了。Heleftthearmyandreturnedtocivilianlife.他脱离军队，恢复平民生活。　　(1)__________________(中国的人权)arewellprotected.(2)In1860，__________________________________(一场内战暴发了)inthatcountry.答案：(1)CivilrightsinChina　(2)acivilwarbrokeout2．prohibitvt.禁止；阻止；使不可能发生prohibitsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事Thestudentsareprohibitedfromsmokinginourschoolyard.学生不准在校园内抽烟。Thehighcostofequipmentprohibitsmanypeoplefromtakingupthissport.昂贵的装备令许多人对这项运动望而却步。(1)表示“阻止、禁止某人做某事”的短语还有：keepsb.fromdoingsth.forbidsb.todosth.(2)prohibitionn．　　　　　阻止，禁止；禁令prohibitiveadj.禁止的Theyforbidchildrentoswimintheriver.他们不让孩子们到河里游泳。forbid，prohibit(1)forbid常表示直接或私自下命令加以禁止，并希望他人遵循。Hiswifeforbidshimtosmoke.他妻子不让他抽烟。(2)prohibit表示制定正式规章，并有强制执行的意思。Inourcitysmokingisprohibitedbylaw.在我们市，抽烟是法律禁止的。　　(1)Russiancitizenswere________fromtravellingabroad.(2)Thereisa________againstsellingalcoholtopeopleundertheageof18.答案：(1)prohibited　(2)prohibition3．offencen.[U]冒犯；[C]犯罪，得罪，犯规，违法行为give/causeoffenceto　　触犯；使……生气ntakeoffence(atsth.)(因某事)而生气I’msurehemeantnooffencewhenhesaidthat.我相信他那么说并无冒犯之意。Onecannothearsucharemarkwithouttakingoffence.听了这样的话，谁都会生气的。Thedoctor’sadvicegaveoffencetohispatient.医生的忠告使病人不高兴。offendv．冒犯，得罪；犯罪，犯法；违背/反对beoffendedwith/bysb.for...　　　　　因……而对某人生气beoffendedatsb.’swords对某人的话感到生气offendagainstsb./sth.违背(人情)，违反(常规)；有悖于offensiveadj.令人不快的，侮辱的Heoffendedagainstgoodmanners.他违反礼仪。Thebestdefenceisoffence.以攻为守/先下手为强。　　(1)Noonewill______________(生气)ifyouleaveearly.(2)They’ll________________(生气)withyouforyourmissingtheirwedding.(3)Hestarted________________(触犯)thelawattheageof16.答案：(1)takeoffence　(2)beoffended　(3)givingoffence4．separationn.[U]分开；[C]离别；分居Hisseparationfromhismothermadehimunhappy.与母亲的分别使他很不高兴。Theywerepleasedtomeetaftersuchalongseparation.久别重逢，他们非常高兴。separateseparateAfromB　　　把A与B分开Thetwochildrenseparatedattheendoftheroad.两个孩子在路的尽头分手了。Afenceseparatedthecowsfromthepigs.围栏把奶牛和猪分开。Thechildrensleepinseparatebeds.孩子们分别睡在各自的床上。separate，dividen(1)separate与from搭配，表示“将……与……分开”，指把原来连在一起或靠近的分隔开来。(2)divide与into搭配，往往是指把某个整体划分为若干部分。　　We’dbetterdividethegoodapplesfromthebadones.________________________________________________________________________答案：divide→separate5.submitv．服从，听从；提交；主张，认为submit(oneself)to...　(使……)服从/屈服于……submit...to...把……提交给……submissionn.屈服，投降；提交submissiveadj.顺从的；驯服的Sherefusedtosubmittothreats.面对威胁，她拒不低头。Weshouldsubmitourplanstothecouncilforapproval.我们应该向理事会提交计划以求批准。Atlast，theenemybeatthelittleboyinto________.A．submit　　　　　　　　B．submissionC．submissiveD．submissively解析：选B　into是介词，后面应该使用名词submission。6．unwillingadj.不情愿的be(un)willingtodosth.　(不)情愿做某事bewillingthat(should)＋动词原形情愿……willingadj.乐意的，心甘情愿的Heisunwillingtoacceptthedonation.他不愿意接受捐赠。Heiswillingtohelpothers.他乐意帮助别人。Areyouwillingthatheshouldbeadmittedintoourclub？你愿意他加入我们的俱乐部吗？nTheyare________topreferthebetterwhenthebestisunattainable.A．likeB．willingC．willD．anxious解析：选B　句意为：达不到最好的效果，便求其次。like作介词时，表示“像……一样”；bewillingtodosth.愿意干……，宁愿干……；anxious急切的，与题意不符。7．seizev．抓住；夺取；逮捕；扣押Heseizedherbythearm.他抓住了她的胳膊。Shetriedtoseizethegunfromhimbutfailed.她试图夺他的枪，但未能成功。Thearmyseizedthefort.军队占领了这个要塞。seizeon/upon　　抓住(机会)，利用seizeup停止运转，发生故障Hiseveryremarkisseizeduponbythepress.他的每句话都被新闻媒体利用了。Sheseizedonmysuggestionandbegantoworkimmediately.她采纳了我的建议，马上干了起来。Yourenginewillseizeupifyoudon’tputsomemoreoilin.你再不加些润滑油，发动机就要卡住了。　　(1)抓住机会，不然你会后悔的。________________________________________________________________________(2)一些记者总是利用这些谣言(rumour)。________________________________________________________________________答案：(1)Seizethechanceotherwiseyou’llregretit.(2)Somereportersarealwaysseizingontheserumours.8．coincidencen．[C，U]“(在时间或空间上)巧合；巧合的事物”；另外，该词还有“符合；一致”之意，此时多用作不可数名词。WhatacoincidencethatIwasinBeijingjustwhenyouwere.真是巧合，你在北京时我也在。Isthereanycoincidencebetweenhisopinionsandyourown？他的意见跟你的是不是一致？Bycoincidence，wearrivedhereatthesametime.我们碰巧同时到达这儿。ncoincidev．　　　　巧合；同时发生coincidewith(指事情)同时发生，与……相等coincidein在……方面一致coincidentadj.巧合的，同时发生的becoincidentwithsth.　与某事同时发生(巧合)，与……相一致Histastesandhabitscoincidewiththoseofhiswife.他的嗜好和习惯与他妻子的恰好一致。Hisarrivaliscoincidentwithourdeparture.他到来时我们正好离开。　　(1)Itwasa________thatIwalkedalongthesamestreet.(2)Theydidn’t________inopinion.(3)Thecultureareasare________withlanguageareas.答案：(1)coincidence　(2)coincide　(3)coincident9．marchvi.&vt.进军，前进；游行示威n．[U]行军，进行，进展；示威游行，罢工marchon　　　继续行进，向……行进(以示抗议)onthemarch在行军中；在进行中Anarmymarchesonitsstomach.兵马未动，粮草先行。Thesoldiersmarchedalongthestreet.士兵们行进在街道上。Thesoldiersweretiredafterthelongmarch.士兵长途行军后都疲倦了。TheresearchoncuringEbolavirusisonthemarch.治疗埃博拉病毒的研究正在进行中。　　Thesoldierswere________________(在行军中)fromMarchtoMay.答案：onthemarch10．salutevt.&vi.行礼致敬；敬礼；迎接n．行礼，敬礼nsalutethecolours　　　　向军旗敬礼give/makeasalute行礼answer/returnthesalute签礼，回礼extendawarmsaluteto向……致以热烈的敬礼Theysalutedeachotherbyraisingtheirhats.他们举起帽子相互致意。SoldierssalutedtheQueenbyfiringtenguns.士兵们鸣礼炮十响向女王致敬。Theyallraisedtheirglassesinsalute.他们都举杯致意。Astheyleft，theguardgavethemasalute.他们离开时，卫兵给他们敬礼。　　EveryMonday，wesalutetotheflagatschool.________________________________________________________________________答案：去掉to11．battle(1)n．[C]战斗，战争，战役win/loseabattle　　　　战胜/战败fallinbattle战死fightafiercebattle进行激烈的战斗dobattlewithsb.oversth.同某人就某事进行斗争或辩论inbattle在战斗中Hersonwaskilledinbattle.她儿子在战斗中死亡了。Theywonthebattlebutlostthewar.他们赢了这次战斗，但输了这场战争。(2)vi.&vt.(与……)作战；(与……)斗争(后接with或against)battlewith/againstsb./sth.forsth.因某事同……搏斗/斗争battleitout决一胜负Theybattledwiththewindandthewaves.他们同风浪作斗争。Theybattledawayforalongtime.n他们奋斗了很长一段时间。　war，battle，campaign，fight，struggle(1)war指大规模全面的战争，是战争的通称。(2)battle指一次会战或战斗。(3)campaign指战役(aseriesofbattles)。(4)fight指具体的“争斗，打仗”，可以有兵器，也可以没有，可以指人之间的斗争，也可指动物之间的斗争。(5)struggle指长期的、较激烈的“争斗”，往往指肉体上和精神上的战斗。　用fight，struggle，war，campaign，battle填空(1)Thisisanimportant________inthePacific________.(2)A________brokeoutbetweentwogroupsoffans.(3)TheFirstWorld________wasoverin1918.(4)Inthe________forlife，manyspeciesdisappeared.答案：(1)battle；campaign　(2)fight　(3)War　(4)struggle[短语精析]1．fightagainst(1)与……对抗，与……搏斗Hefoughtagainstcancerandlivedtobeeighty.他和癌症搏斗活到80岁。(2)与……战斗fightagainst＝fightwithTheyfoughtagainst/withtheenemyfiercely.他们猛烈地对敌作战。fightfor　　　　　　为……而斗争fightitout奋斗到底fightover因……而打斗fightback还击；忍住，抑制(泪，笑等)fightone’sway(军队)边走边打Theyarefightingforliberation.他们正为解放而奋斗。　　n(1)Theystillhadn’treachedanyagreement，soweleftthemto______________________(斗争到底)．(2)GreatBritain________________(与德国交战)Germanyintwowars.(3)Theslaves________________(为了自由而战)thefreedom.(4)Shegradually________________________(奋斗)tothetopofthecompany.(5)Athiswords，I________________(忍住)mylaughter.答案：(1)fightitout　(2)foughtagainst/with(3)foughtfor　(4)foughtherway　(5)foughtback2．makeup(1)化装，上装Thewomanspendsanhourmakingupeverymorning.那女人每天花一小时的时间化装。(2)编造Itoldthekidsastory，makingitupasIwentalong.我给孩子们讲了一个故事，是现编的。(3)组成(被动式为bemadeupof)Weneedonemorepersontomakeupateam.我们还需要一个人才能组成一个队。(4)占据Girlsmakeup56%ofthestudentnumber.女生占学生人数的56%。(5)和好Afteraquarrel，theymadeupwitheachother.吵过之后，他们相互和好了。(6)补上(失去的东西)，作出补偿Hedrovefastertomakeupforlosttime.他加速驾驶以补回损失的时间。make的其他短语：makeout　　　　　(勉强)认出，分辨出makeit做成，成功，赶得上makeoff匆忙离开make...into...把……做成make...outof...把……改制成nMothermadehercoatintomyskirt.母亲把她的外套改成裙子给我穿。Ican’tmakeouthiswriting.他所写的字，我无法辨认。Therewasalargeaudienceinthecinema，whichwas________veryyoungstudents.A．makeoffB．madeoutC．madeintoD．madeupof解析：选D　bemadeupof由……组成，句意为“观众是由年轻学生组成的。”[句型归纳]1．It_seemed_likeananswertoaprayer!似乎是祈祷带来的结果！Itseemedlike...似乎好像……Itseemedlikeagoodideaatthetime.当时这主意好像不错。Itseemslikeyearssincewelastmet.我们似乎好几年不见了。seem(tobe)＋表语(名词、形容词或介词短语)seem＋Itseems(tosb.)that...看来……Itseemsasif/though...似乎……Thereseemstobe...似乎有……Itseemsasifhehasbeenonthesceneofthecrime.看样子他好像曾在犯罪现场。Thereseemstobenoneedtohelpher.似乎没有必要帮助她。Itseemsthatheknowseverything.→Heseemstoknoweverything.他似乎什么都知道。　　(1)她父亲看上去是个好人。________________________________________________________________________(2)我好像曾经见过他。n________________________________________________________________________(3)看样子他在撒谎。________________________________________________________________________答案：(1)Herfatherseemstobeakindman.(2)Iseemtohaveseenhimbefore./ItseemsthatIhaveseenhimbefore.(3)Heseemstobelying./Itseemsthatheislying.2．Serenacamehometosaythatthenewsthattheboycottwasoverwasgoingtobealloverthenewspaperstomorrow.塞丽娜回家说，结束抵制的消息明天将会登上所有的报纸。这是一个复合句，第一个that引导了宾语从句，第二个that引导了同位语从句。HaveyouheardthenewsthatLiKeqianggaveaspeechattheEuropeanUnion?你听说李克强在欧盟演讲这一消息吗？Ihavenoideawhenshewillbeback.我不知道她何时回来。Theproblemwherewecangetthemoneyisnotsolved.我们从哪儿得到钱这一问题没有解决。news，information，belief，question，fact，order，hope，thought，doubt，answer，idea等后既可以跟定语从句又可以跟同位语从句。这些词在定语从句中可作主语、宾语或表语。作宾语或表语时，可省略that；that引导同位语从句表明其前名词的具体内容，that不作成分，一般不省略。Theideathatweinvitedhimyesterdayisquitegood.我们昨天邀请他这个主意很好。(同位语从句)Theidea(that)hethoughtofisquitegood.他想出的主意不错。(定语从句)Thenewsthatourteamwonthematchisencouraging.我们队赢得比赛的消息激动人心。(同位语从句)ThenewswereadontheInternetwasnottrue.我们在网上看到的新闻不是真的。(定语从句)Alongwiththeletterwashispromise________hewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas.A．whichB．thatC．whatD．whethern解析：选B　本题考查同位语从句。hispromise后面为同位语从句，通常用that引导，用来说明诺言(promise)的内容。3．Ifblackandwhitestudentsmustnowbeeducatedtogether，whyshouldpeoplebeseatedinbusesaccordingtothecoloroftheirskin?如果黑人学生与白人学生现在必须在一起受教育的话，那为什么在汽车上应该依肤色来就座呢？seat(1)n.[C]座，座位take/haveaseat　　　　　坐下takeone’sseat就座bookseats/aseat订票Pleasetakeaseat.请就座。Saveaseatforme，please.请给我留个座位。(2)vt.使坐下，使就座Sheseatedthebabyonherknees.→Thebabywasseatedonherknees.她让孩子坐在膝盖上。Theyseatedthemselvesonabenchunderthetree.→Theywereseatedonabenchunderthetree.他们坐在那棵树下的长凳上。sit，seatsit坐，坐下，通常作不及物动词，而seat为及物动词，常用seatoneself与beseated结构；seated作表语、定语、或补语。Isawhimsitting/seatedattheback.我看到他坐在后面。Theywereseated/sittingatthetable.他们坐在桌子旁边。　(1)Thechairman________________________(就座了)andthemeetingbegan.(2)She________________________(请客人入席)atthetable.答案：(1)tookhisseat　(2)seatedtheguestsⅠ.单词拼写n1．Manyyoungpeopleare________(抵制)Japaneseproductsrecently.答案：boycotting2．Howmanystudentshave________(注册)forEnglishclasses?答案：registered3．Byt________，it’sthebride’sparentswhopayforthewedding.答案：tradition4．Hedislikesthemanandisu________tohelphim.答案：unwilling5．Asanofficial，heshouldn’thavea________hispower.答案：abused6．Itwase________thatshewasseriouslyill.答案：evident7．Whentheearthquaketookplace，peoplewereinc________.答案：chaos8．Thereweremanymore________(步行者)duringthevacation.答案：pedestrians9．Fivepersonsdiedduringthe________(碰撞)betweentwobuses.答案：collision10．Thecompanyhas________(商议)anewcontractwithitsstaff.答案：negotiatedⅡ.选词填空1.Haveyou________________adateforthewedding?答案：decidedon2．________________，theoldestsonofthefamilyhadtobeadoctor.答案：Bytradition3．TheUNhas________________bothsidestoobservetheceasefire.答案：calledon4．Payincreasescannot________________forthepoorworkingconditions.答案：makeup5．Weshould________________anypollution.答案：fightagainstⅢ.完成句子1．__________________________________(直到1949年)thatNewChinawasnfounded.答案：Itwasnotuntil19492．________________(我确实去)tothepartylasttime.答案：Ididgo3．Ourschoolmadeadecision_________________________________________________(图书馆于下周对学生免费开放)．答案：thatthelibrarywillbeopentostudentsforfreenextweek4．Blacksshouldbe________________________________(坐在公共汽车的后部)．答案：seatedatthebackofbuses5．______________________(看来)thechildwaslost.答案：ItseemedthatⅣ.句型转换1．BeforelonghebecameaccustomedtodrivingontheleftinLondon.Beforelonghe______________________drivingontheleftinLondon.答案：gotusedto2．Ididn’twakeupuntilIheardthealarmclock.Itwas________________Iheardthealarmclock________________________________Iwokeup.答案：notuntil；that3．Thegirlwasunwillingtocleanthewindow.Thegirl________________________________cleanthewindow.答案：wasnotwillingto4．Tomysurprise，thereweremanyvillagersseatedatthebackoftheroom.________surprisedmewas________thereweremanyvillagers________atthebackoftheroom.答案：What；that；sitting5．Itseemsthatshehasknownthenews.She______________________________thenews.答案：seemstohaveknownⅤ.单项填空1．Iwouldliketoknowwhetherit’sjust________thatyouhappenedtobethere.nA．anaccident　　　　　　B．anincidentC．acoincidenceD．anoccurrence解析：选C　句意为：我想知道你在那里是否是巧合。coincidence意为“巧合的事”。accident“意外事故”；incident表“小事情”之意，指影响范围、后果等较轻微，也可指国际政治中的“事件，事变”；occurrence“偶然发生的事”，性质较普通，如家庭中发生的事，但有时用来表示一种自然的，非人力所为的事，如地震、疾病、死亡等。2．AswejoinedthebigcrowdIgot________frommyfriends.A．separatedB．sparedC．lostD．missed解析：选A　本题考查动词辨义。题意为：“当我们进入人群的时候，我与我的朋友们走散了”。getseparatedfrom走散了，分开了。3．TheideapuzzledmesomuchthatIstoppedforafewsecondstotryto________.A．makeitoutB．makeitoffC．makeitupD．makeitover解析：选A　makeout辨认出；理解，符合题意。makeup编造，化妆，构成；makeoff匆忙离开，仓皇逃跑；makeover转让，移交。4．Ithasbeenrevealedthatsomegovernmentleaders________________________________theirauthorityandpositiontogetillegalprofitsforthemselves.A．employB．takeC．abuseD．overlook解析：选C　句意：据透露，一些政府领导滥用职权，非法牟利。abuse在此句中意为“滥用”；employ雇用；take拿；overlook忽略。5．Ihavethesameopinionasyours________theprivacyofone’slifeshouldbekeptsecret.A．thatB．whichC．whetherD．where解析：选A　本题考查同位语从句的用法。opinion后面是一个同位语从句，表示opinion的具体内容，需要用that来引导。句意为“我和你有同样的看法，即应该保护个人隐私”。6．Inhistory，manyfamouswomen________bravely______________________________equalrights________men.A．fought；for；withB．havefought；for；withnC．fought；for；toD．hadfought；for；to解析：选A　由句中时间状语inhistory可知，应选用一般过去时，fightfor为……而战；fightwith与……而战。7．Thesearesomecommentsthat________people’sreligiousbeliefs.A．offencetoB．officeagainstC．offendtoD．offendagainst解析：选D　offendagainst违背，违犯。句意为：这就是那些违背了人们的宗教信仰的评论。8．Successfulpeoplearealwaysgoodat________thechanceswhichordinarypeopledon’tvalue.A．catchingB．holdingC．keepingD．seizing解析：选D　题意：“成功的人们总是擅长抓住普通人不知道珍惜的良机。”seize抓住(时机)，掌握，理解。9．Oneofthemenheldtheview________thereporterstatedwasnottrue.A．whichB．thatC．whatD．thatwhat解析：选D　句意：其中一个人认为记者说的不是真的。view后是一个同位语从句，从句中不缺少成分，用that引导；同位语从句的主语又是一个从句且该从句缺少宾语，需用what引导，故正确答案为D。10．Hewaslookingforhisclassmatestohaveagameoffootball，butfoundthem________inthelibraryreading.A．satB．seatingC．seatedD．sit解析：选C　本题考查sit和seat的辨异。由句子结构可知空格处为them的补语，sit为不及物动词，多用sitting表状态。seat是及物动词，其宾语为人，意思是“使(人)坐下”，在句中补充说明them，与them之间有被动含义。Ⅵ.阅读理解Knowyourrights!Whattodoifyouarevisitedorstoppedbythepolice?First，andmostimportant，whenmeetingwiththepolice：DONOTphysicallyresistthreatentheofficer(s)inanyway.DONOTtrytoleaveuntilanofficertellsyouthatyouarefreetogo.DONOTgivetheofficeranyinformationaboutanyofyouractivities.nDONOTagreetoanysearch.Thebottomline：IFYOUARENOTFREETOGO，YOUAREUNDERARREST.WHENYOUAREUNDERARRESTYOUHAVETHERIGHTTOREMAINSILENT.Don’tlie.Don’tbeasmartass.Don’ttrytobefriendswiththeofficer.Simplyrefusetoansweranyoftheofficer’squestions.Eachtimehe/sheasksaquestion，respondwiththequestion“AmIfreetogo？”Thiswillprobablyresultinsuchdisappointmentfortheofficerthattheymayarrestyouanyway...butbettertobearrestedwithlittleornoevidence，thantogivetheofficerinformationtheymayusetochargeyou!It’sallagame.Buttherulesofthegame(theConstitutionoftheUnitedStates)areinyourfavor.Youcannotbepunishedmoreseverely，justbecauseyourefusedtoriskchargingyourselfduringapoliceinvestigation(nomatterwhatanofficersays)．REMEMBER：Ifyouarenotfreetogo，thenyouhavetherighttoremainsilent.Youwillbeaskedforidentification.Youarerequiredtoprovidethisinformation.Then“investigation”willstart.Theconversationmightgosomethinglikethis：Officer：DoyouhaveanyIDonyou?You：Yessir.(ormadam)Officer：MayIseeit?You：Certainly，Officer.MayIreachintomypockettogetit?Officer：Yes...isthisyourcurrentaddress?You：Yessir.Officer：Whatareyoudoingoutheretonight?You：Officer，amIfreetogo?Officer：Notyet.Whatareyoudoingoutheretonight?You：IfI’mnotfreetogo，thenI’mgoingtoexercisemyrighttoremainsilent.Theofficerwillthentryeverythinghe/shecanthinkoftogetyoutostarttalking，butit’syourrighttokeepsilent.1．What’sthebestwaytoprotectyourselfwhenaskedbythepolice?A．Refusingtogiveanyinformationaboutyourself.nB．Askingthequestion.“AmIfreetogo？”C．TakingyourIDwithyou.D．Refusingtobesearched.解析：选A　细节判断题。由第五段的“Donotgivetheofficeranyinformationaboutanyofyouractivities”以及下文第十段最后一句中可知A项正确。2．Whatmakesitpossiblethatyoudaretorefusetoanswerthepolice’squestions?A．Thepolicehavenorighttoarrestyouforthat.B．Youhavethesamerightsasthepolice.C．ThelawoftheUnitedStatesallowsyoutodoso.D．Itcandefeatthepolicewithdisappointment.解析：选C　推理判断题。由全文最后一句以及第八段的Youhavetherighttoremainsilent可知保持沉默是法律许可的。3．Themostimportantrightyouhavewhilestoppedbythepoliceis________.A．showgoodmannerstothepoliceB．refusetosayanywordswiththepoliceC．keepsilentD．youarefreetoleavewheneveryouwant解析：选C　推理判断题。由全文可知保持沉默是你被警察抓住后最重要的权利。4．Whyshouldyouaskforthepermissiontoreachyourhandintoyourpocket?A．Youshoulddoeverythingwiththepolice’spermission.B．Youareprobablymistakenthatyoumightreachforaguntoresist.C．Itcanprovethatyouareagoodcitizen.D．Itisasignthatyouaredoingnothingwrong.解析：选B　推理判断题。把手伸入口袋要由警察的同意，只有一个理由合情理，就是会被误认为拿枪抵抗。