2019年高中英语unit1greatscientists单元小结教案（含解析）新人教版必修5 28页

Unit1GreatscientistsYuanLongping,aworldknownChineseagriculturalexpert,wasborninBeijingin1930.Whenhewasachild,hewasverycleverandabsorbedalltheknowledgewellthattheteacherscouldteachhim.Aftergraduation,hedevotedhimselftoagriculturalstudy.Onceheoftensuspectedthetraditionalplantingmethodsandwasdeterminedtoincreasericeharvestwithoutincreasingtheareaoffields.Intheprocessofhisstudy,hefailedmanytimes,buthenevergaveup.Apartfromthis,heoftenexposedhimselftotherainandsunlightallday.Atlastheputforwardmanyadvancedtheoriesandheannouncedtotheworldthathehadsucceededindevelopinganewspeciesthatproduceda20percenthigheryieldsthancommontypesofrice.Hethoughthislifewouldbemeaningfulonlyifhecoulddosomethingsuccessfully.WecandrawaconclusionthatYuanLongpingisagreatagriculturalscientist.Owingtohisgreatcontributiontoagriculture,hewillalwaysberememberedas“FatherofHybridRice”．袁隆平是世界著名的中国农业专家，他于1930年出生在北京。在孩童时代，袁隆平就十分聪明，很好地吸取了老师所授的所有知识。毕业之后，他投入到农业研究之中。他曾经经常质疑传统的种植方法，并下定决心在保持种植面积不增加的情况下提高粮食产量。在研究过程中，他失败了许多次，但是他从不放弃。除此之外，他还经常整日暴露在日晒雨淋中。最终，他提出了许多先进的理论，并向世界宣布他已经成功研发了一种比普通水稻品种增收20%产量的新品种。袁隆平认为只有他能成功地做成某事，他的人生才有意义。我们可以得出结论：袁隆平是一位伟大的农业科学家。由于他对农业的巨大贡献，他将永远被人民铭记为“杂交水稻之父”。n加餐练(一)　完形阅读组合练Ⅰ.完形填空In1896,17yearoldEinsteinwenttoZurichtostudyphysics.TherehemetMarits,agirlfromHungary.Theystudiedinthesameclassandthesameinterestinphysicsbroughtthetwotogetherandtheybecamegood__1__.Beforelong,they__2__inlovewitheachother.In1903,whenEinsteinwas24,he__3__Marits,whowasfouryearsolderthanhe.__4__theirmarriage,Einstein__5__himselftotheresearchofthegreattheoryofrelativity(相对论).__6__herhusbandmorehelp,Maritsgave__7__herownwork,andbecameagoodwifeand__8__.Shetriedherbesttoencouragehim__9__possible.Shewassurethatherhusband__10__succeed.Theyoftendiscussedthetheorywhile__11__outsideorsittingtogetherintheroom.They__12__didthatintheirletterswhenoneofthemwas__13__fromhome.In1914,theEinsteinsmovedtoBerlinand__14__downthere.Atthattime,Einstein’stheory__15__tobecorrectandhebecame__16__allovertheworld.Maritswasvery__17__herhusbandwithhissuccess.Butitwasnotlong__18__theFirstWorldWar__19__.Maritsaswellashertwosons,whowere__20__holidayinSwitzerland,couldn’tcomebacktoBerlinanylonger.ThewarnotonlystoppedEinstein’sworkbutalsobrokeupthewarm,happyfamily.In1919,EinsteinandMaritshadtogetdivorced(离婚)．语篇解读：本文是一篇人物传记，介绍了爱因斯坦和妻子从相识到相爱最后分手的故事。1．A.pairs　　　　　　　　　B．couplesC．friendsD．classmates解析：选C　由空前句意“……对于物理方面同样的兴趣使得他们两个人走到一起”以及下文“不久，他们相爱了”可知，他们成为了好朋友。2．A.gotB．fellC．becameD．turned解析：选B　fallinlovewithsb.的意思是“爱上某人”，其他三个动词不与inlovewith连用。3．A.marryingB．marriesC．marriedD．marriedwith解析：选C　表示“和某人结婚”，应用marrysb.，marry后不加介词with，排除D项；由空前的时间状语从句可知，此处应是主句的谓语动词，排除A项。又因本文的时态是过去时，排除B项。故选C。n4．A.SinceB．ForC．WithD．After解析：选D　aftertheirmarriage意为“他们结婚以后”。5．A.gaveB．offeredC．forcedD．devoted解析：选D　devoteoneselftosth.的意思是“投身于某事”。give,offer和force都不与oneselftosth.搭配。6．A.GivingB．TogiveC．GivenD．Tohavegiven解析：选B　由下文可知，为了给丈夫更多的帮助，玛丽兹做出了下面的决定。此处为动词不定式作目的状语且只需要用动词不定式的一般式。7．A.offB．outC．upD．in解析：选C　为了给丈夫提供更多的帮助，玛丽兹“放弃”了自己的工作。giveup“放弃”，符合句意。giveoff“发出(光和热等)”；giveout“发出；分发”；givein“屈服”。8．A.cookB．motherC．friendD．assistant解析：选D　由上下文可知此处指玛丽兹是爱因斯坦的妻子和助手(assistant)，其他几个选项不符合要求。9．A.whateverB．wheneverC．howeverD．wherever解析：选B　句意：不管什么时候只要有可能，玛丽兹都尽力去鼓励他。10．A.mustB．mightC．shouldD．would解析：选D　玛丽兹相信自己的丈夫将来“会(would)”成功，而不是“必须(must)”“可能(might)”或“应该(should)”成功。11．A.walkedB．walkingC．wentD．coming解析：选B　当从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句谓语部分含有be动词时，从句中的主语和be动词可一起省略。本句省略theywere，因此选择walking。12．A.evenB．neverC．seldomD．sometime解析：选A　由上文可知他们总是一起讨论问题，此处用even表示程度进一步加深，即“他们甚至在信中也讨论问题”。n13．A.beyondB．offC．outD．away解析：选D　由上文(intheirletters)可知此处是在说他们其中的一个不在家的时候。词组beawayfromhome意思是“不在家”。14．A.putB．settledC．livedD．sat解析：选B　settledown意为“定居”。而putdown意为“放下”，sitdown意为“坐下”，均与句意不符，排除A、D两项；live一般不与down连用。15．A.seemedB．appearedC．provedD．looked解析：选C　seem意为“好像”；appear意为“好像；出现”；prove意为“后来被发现是；最终显现为”；look意为“看；看起来”。根据短文的意思可知，爱因斯坦的理论最终证明是正确的。16．A.happyB．pleasedC．satisfiedD．famous解析：选D　happy意为“幸福的；快乐的”；pleased意为“高兴的”；satisfied意为“满意的”；famous意为“著名的”。此处指爱因斯坦在当时享誉全世界。17．A.proudofB．praisedforC．pleasedwithD．worriedabout解析：选A　beproudof意为“为……而骄傲或自豪”；bepraisedfor意为“为……受到称赞”；bepleasedwith意为“对……感到满意”；beworriedabout意为“对……担忧”。由上下文来看，玛丽兹是为丈夫的成功感到自豪。18．A.whenB．beforeC．sinceD．as解析：选B　句式Itisnotlongbefore...意为“不久就……”。19．A.appearedB．tookplaceC．occurredD．brokeout解析：选D　appear意为“出现”；takeplace意为“发生”，用来指有计划地发生；occur意为“出现”；breakout意为“发生；爆发”，多用来指战争、火灾等。此处指第一次世界大战的爆发，因此选择D项。20．A.inB．atC．onD．for解析：选C　beonholiday意为“在度假”，表示度假的状态。Ⅱ.阅读理解nPeterHuszczoncetaughtinanagriculturalcollege.Inthe1990s,hemovedtoCanada.PeterstartedoutwashingdishesinarestaurantindowntownOttawa.Whenthemanageraskedhimtohelpoutrollingmeatballsinthekitchen,hesoonlearnedhowtodothejobverywell.ButitwasboringandPetersuggestedthatthemanagershouldbuyameatballmakingmachine.Whenthemanagertoldhimtherewasnosuchthingasameatballmaker,Peterwasquicktonoticethatsomethingwasmissinginthemarket.Puttinghisengineeringknowledgetogooduse,hequicklycameupwithasimplemethod—theMagicMeatballMaker.Hewassuretherewasamarketforhismachine,butittookhimtenyearsofhardworktofindit.Hehadtotakerisks,buthebelievedinhisidea,andhemanagedtopersuadeotherpeopletobelieveinhimtoo.Alocalmanufacturer(制造商)offeredtoproducethefirst1,000unitsinreturnforashareintheprofits(收益),localshopsofferedtokeephismeatballmakersandafriend’sdaughterhelpedhimoutwithhisfirstsales.ButhisluckybreakcamewhenhemanagedtopersuadeaTVshoppingchannel(频道)tohelpselltheMagicMeatballMaker.Thechannelbroadcastaprogramabouthowtheinventionworkedinthestudiokitchen.Withinminutes,theyhadsoldmorethan4,000units.Thiswasjustthestart.Peterhadbeenright.Hehadsaidhismeatballmakerwouldbringhimgreatwealth,andithas:morethantwomilliondollarssofarandit’stillsellingtothousandsofAmericanhousewivesallacrosstheUSA.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要向我们介绍了肉丸机的发明者——PeterHuszcz。1．Workingintherestaurant,Peter________.A．waschosentobethemanagerB．foundachancetomakemoneyC．brokeameatballmakingmachineD．waspooratmakingmeatballsbyhand解析：选B　细节理解题。由第一段中的“Whenthemanagertoldhim...somethingwasmissinginthemarket”可知，Peter看到了赚钱的机会，故选B项。2．WhichofthefollowinghelpedPeter’sbusinesstakeoff?A．Alocalshop.B．Afriend’sdaughter.C．Alocalmanufacturer.D．ATVshoppingchannel.n解析：选D　细节理解题。由第三段内容可知，Peter成功说服一家电视购物频道为其推销肉丸机，随后便开始大卖，故选D项。3．What’stherightordertodescribePeter’slife?A．Teacher→dishwasher→inventor→businessman.B．Dishwasher→teacher→inventor→businessman.C．Businessman→dishwasher→inventor→teacher.D．Inventor→businessman→dishwasher→teacher.解析：选A　细节理解题。由第一段中的“PeterHuszczoncetaughtinanagriculturalcollege.”可知，他曾当过老师；由“Inthe1990s...Peterstartedoutwashingdishesinarestaurant”可知，他之后做过洗碗工；由“Puttinghisengineeringknowledge...theMagicMeatballMaker”可知，随后他成了一位发明家；由第二、三、四段内容可知，他为了推销肉丸机付出了很大的辛苦，所以他还是一名商人。4．Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A．Betterlatethannever.B．Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.C．Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.D．Intimeofdanger,one’smindworksfast.解析：选C　推理判断题。由第二段中的“Hewassuretherewasamarketforhismachine...tobelieveinhimtoo”和最后一段内容可知，PeterHuszcz坚信自己的肉丸机会受欢迎，为了推销其产品，他付出了艰辛的努力并最终取得成功，故选C项。加餐练(二)　主观题规范增分练Ⅰ.语法填空Mostvolunteersspendacoupleofhourseachweekin__1__(volunteer)atoneofthelocalcommunitycenters.Hereiswhyvolunteeringisimportant.NewexperienceandinsightVolunteeringisonewaythrough__2__peopleincludingstudentscandevelopacademic,technicalandsocialskillsthatotherwisecouldnot__3__(learn)inaclassroomenvironment.Mostofusfeelthatwelacktimebecauseofthecareerorstudieswearepursuing.However,__4__isimportanttotakesometimeofffromourbusyscheduleandvolunteerforsomethinginourcommunity,whichwillhelpusgainexperienceandinsightintovariousissues.HelpingothersTherearemillionsofpeopleintheworldwhoselivesare__5__(hard)thanours.Humansareasocialanimalandoneof__6__bestwaysformankindtoadvanceisbynhelpingthosewhoare__7__(able)tohelpthemselves.Wehavearesponsibilitytocareforpeople__8__need,andhelpthosewhoarelessfortunatethanourselves.Havingsomesparecash,timeorgoodsisanopportunity__9__(help)othersout.Asenseof__10__(satisfy)Volunteeringisalsooneofthethingsyoucandotohelpyoufeelgoodandbuildupyourselfconfidence.语篇解读：本文主要介绍了做志愿者工作的好处。1．volunteering　spend...(in)doingsth.意为“花费……做某事”。2．which　way后是一个“介词＋关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句。设空处指代way，故填which。3．belearned　that(指代academic,technicalandsocialskills)与learn之间是被动关系，且设空处位于情态动词could之后，故填belearned。4．it　设空处是形式主语，真正的主语是totakesometime...inourcommunity，故填it。5．harder　由than可知，应用比较级，故填harder。6．the　最高级best前应用定冠词the。7．unable　设空处作表语，且由语境可知，设空处表示“不能的”，故填unable。8．in　inneed意为“在困难中”。9．tohelp　opportunity后跟带to的不定式作定语，故填tohelp。10．satisfaction　asenseofsatisfaction意为“一种满足感”。Ⅱ.短文改错YesterdayIwaswatchingtelevisionathomewhileIsuddenlyrememberedthatitwasmyfather’sbirthdaythenextday.Iputmycoatonme,andranoutsideinthehurrytocatchabus.Iwentintoamusicshop,andIcouldn’trememberwhichCDhisdadwanted,soIdidn’tbuysomething.AfterthatIdecidedgotothebookshop.Iwasn’tsurewhattogetandIstayedthereforagestrytochooseabook.BytheendIboughthimabookaboutracingcars.Finally,Iwenthomeandtellmymumaboutthepresent.Shelookedatmestrangeforsometime,andthensaid,“Butyourfather’sbirthdayisnextmonth！”答案：第一句：while→when第二句：去掉me;the→a第三句：his→my;something→anything第四句：go前加to第五句：try→tryingn第六句：By→In第七句：tell→told第八句：strange→strangelyⅢ.书面表达某英文报People栏目正面向中学生征稿。请你根据所给提示，写一篇英语短文并投稿。人物张衡(公元78年－139年)，我国伟大的天文学家、发明家主要成就发明了地动仪，为科学和人类社会的进步作出了巨大的贡献优秀品质善于思考、坚持不懈注意：1.词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：astronomer天文学家；seismograph地动仪参考范文：ZhangHeng,agreatastronomerandinventor,livedfromAD78to139.Duringhislife,hemademanyimportantdiscoveries,includingthefamousseismograph.Hemadegreatcontributionstotheprogressofscienceandhumansociety.ZhangHengwasinterestedineverythingaroundhimandlovedtothink.Itwasnotalwayseasytomakeotherpeoplebelievenewtheories.WhenZhangHengfirstintroducedhisseismograph,peoplelaughedathim.However,hedidn’tgiveup.Instead,hewentontomakenewdiscoveries.Hebelievedinwhathedidevenwhenothersdidnot.Thisiswhatweshouldlearnfromhim.n第一部分　听力　(满分30分，限时20分钟)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Theman’sweekendactivities.B．Thewoman’sfavoritesport.C．Thecitytheylivein.2．Whatdoesthemando?A．He’sabusinessman.B．He’sadoctor.C．He’sastudent.3．Whendidthespeakersstarttalking?A．At2：50.　　　B．At3：00.　　　C．At3：10.4．Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A．Borrowmoneyfromtheman.B．Gotothebank.C．Startupabusiness.5．Whatistheman’sresearchfield?A．Education.B．Insects.C．Finance.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whatkindofjobdidthewomantakeaftergraduation?A．Teaching.B．Marketing.C．Volunteering.7．Whatdoesthewomanthinkthemanshoulddo?A．Takehisjobimmediately.B．Notworryaboutthemoney.C．Makeadecisionandsticktoit.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。n8．Wheredoesthewomanadvisethemantoapplyforajob?A．Inanewspaperoffice.B．Inatravelagency.C．Inacarfactory.9．Whatdoesthemanaskthewomanaboutthejob?A．Thepay.B．Theexperience.C．Theworkingconditions.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10．Whydidn’tthemanrealizehischildhooddream?A．Hisparentsdidn’tsupporthim.B．Hewasofferedanothergoodjob.C．Helostinterestinitlater.11．Whatdidthewomanwanttobewhenshewasalittlegirl?A．Apilot.B．Ascientist.C．Ateacher.12．Whatlanguagesisthewomangoodat?A．EnglishandFrench.B．EnglishandItalian.C．FrenchandItalian.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13．WhoisJenny?A．Theman’swife.B．Theman’ssister.C．Thewoman’scolleague.14．Howlonghasitbeensincethespeakers’graduation?A．Threeyears.B．Tenyears.C．Thirteenyears.15．Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A．Hecontinuedhisstudiesaftergraduation.B．Heonceworkedatalawfirm.C．Heisworkinginatradecompany.16．Whenwillthespeakersmeeteachotheragain?A．ThisSaturday.nB．ThisSunday.C．NextSaturday.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17．WhatisBillGatesfamousforaccordingtothespeaker?A．Hisfamilybackground.B．Hispositioninsociety.C．Hiseducationalbackground.18．WhatdidBillGatesdoin1975?A．HewenttoHarvardUniversity.B．Hebegantodevelopnewsoftware.C．HesoldhisinventionstoMITS.19．WhendidBillGatesleaveMicrosoft?A．In2000.　　　B．In2008.　　　C．In2014.20．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetalk?A．BillGatesgrewupinWashington.B．BillGates’motherworkedasalawyer.C．IBMpartneredwithMicrosoftforashorttime.答案：1～5　ACBCB　6～10　BCABA11～15　BCABC　16～20　ABCBC听力材料(Text1)W：Whatdoyouliketododuringtheweekend?M：Ilovecycling.OnSaturdaymorningIusuallyridearoundthecityfortwohours.(Text2)W：Whatkindofcollegeareyougoingtoapplyfor?M：Myfatherwantsmetogointobusinessbutmymotherwantsmetogotomedicalschool.(Text3)M：Howmuchtimehaspassedsincewestartedtalking?W：It’sbeenonly10minutes.M：Sorightnowitshouldbe3：10pm.W：Correct.(Text4)nW：Wheredidyougetthemoneytostartyourrestaurant?M：Ihavebeensavingmymoneyforyears.W：Isthereanyotherwaytogetmoneytostartupasmallbusiness?M：Yes,youcanborrowsomefromabank.(Text5)W：Didyouwanttobecomeascientistwhenyouwereyoung?M：No.IbecameinterestedininsectsonlyafterIentereduniversity.W：Areyouhappywiththeworkingconditionsinthisuniversity?M：Yes.Itprovidesmeexcellentequipmentandenoughfundingtodomywork.(Text6)M：Whatdidyoudoaftergraduation?W：I’dplannedtobeateacher,butthenIwasofferedagoodjobdoingmarketing,soIchangedmymind.M：Soundslikeyou’rehappywithyourdecision.W：Iam.Ienjoymyjobverymuch.Bytheway,haveyounothadanyjoboffersyet?M：Ihadone,butIdidn’tlikethejobverymuch.I’dalsoreallywantedtoattendgraduateschool,butIwasafraidIcouldn’tpaythatmuchmoney.W：Ithinkyouneedtomakeadecision,sticktoitanddon’tbeafraidofdifficulties.(Text7)W：Look,Jack!Here’sajobthatmightinterestyou.M：Areyousure?Thelastjobinterviewyousentmetowasreallyadisaster.W：Well,look!It’sabigcompany.Youmightgettotravel.　M：Whatkindofcompanyisit,though?W：Um,let’ssee.It’sanewspaperoffice.Theysaythepayisreallygood.Andoh,look!Theygiveyouacartotravelaround.That’snotbad,isit?M：Dotheysayanythingaboutneedingtohaveexperienceofajournalist?W：No,theywantsomeoneyoungandenergetic.Oh,yes,theywantauniversitygraduate,sothat’sOK.You’vebeentouniversity.Theonlythingisthatyouhavetotravel,butthenthat’swhatthecompanycarisfor.M：PerhapsI’llhaveacloserlookatit.(Text8)nW：John,whenyouwerelittle,whatdidyoudreamyou’dgrowuptobe?M：Oh,IdreamedthatI’dbeapilotwhenIgrewup.W：Sowhathappened?Didyoujustloseinterestinbeingapilot?M：No.Myparentssaiditwastoodangerous,andtheywantedmetofindasaferjob.Howaboutyou?Whatdidyoudreamofbecomingwhenyouwerealittlegirl?W：WhenIwasalittlegirl,Idreamedofbeingagreatscientist,butnow,asyoucansee,I’mjustacommonofficeclerk.M：Sowhatareyourdreamsnow?W：Well,Ireallywanttobeatranslatorsomeday,soI’mworkinghardtolearnEnglish.M：You’resogoodatlanguagelearning.YourFrenchandItalianarealreadyfluent.Well,Ihopeyousucceedinthatdreamsomeday!W：Thanks.(Text9)W：Hi,Bob!Iamsogladthatyoucame.M：OfcourseI’dcome.Icouldn’tthinkofabetterchancetoseeallmyoldfriends.W：It’shardtobelievethatit’sbeentenyearssincegraduation.M：Howtimeflies!Howarethingsgoingwithyou?W：It’sonlyrecentlythatI’vebeenabletostartsettlingdown.Howaboutyou?AreyoustillwithJenny?M：Yeah,JennyandIgotmarriedrightaftergraduation.Itwashardforthefirstthreeyears—Iwassupportingusbothwhileshecontinuedherstudies—butnowthingsaregettingbetter.Iworkasamanagerinatradecompanyandshe’sworkingatalawfirm.It’sallstartedtocometogetherandwe’refinallyabletomakealifeforourselves.W：Oh,thatsoundswonderful.Ihavealwaysknownyoutwowouldmakeit.IhopeIcankeepinbettercontactwithyou.M：Definitely!Actually,wejustmovedintoanewplace.There’sahousewarmingpartythisSaturday,ifyouarefree?IknowJennywouldlovetoseeyouagainanditshouldbeagoodparty.W：Soundsgreat!IamfreethisweekendandI’llbethere.(Text10)BillGates,anAmericaninventor,computerprogrammerandbusinessman,isnreportedlyworthnearly$80billion,makinghimoneofthewealthiestpeopleinthecountrytoday.HefoundedandwasheadofMicrosoftforyears.GateswasbornintoarichfamilyinthestateofWashington.Hisfatherwasalawyer;hismotherwasabanker.Heisfamousforbeingtakenasthefatherofthemoderncomputer.HestudiedatHarvardUniversitybutdidnotgraduatebecauseofhisdesiretodevelopnewsoftware.Asa13yearoldstudent,Gateswasintroducedtocomputerprogramming.In1975,GatesspoketoacompanycalledMicroInstrumentationandTelemetrySystems(MITS).Heconvincedtheownerofthecompanythathehadwrittenaprogramthatwouldworkwellandmakebigmoney.TheownerboughtintoGates’inventions,andthetwomenreachedanagreementtodevelopsoftwareforthecompany.ThentheMicrosoftCompanywasborn.GateswentontodeveloptheWindowsoperatingsystemwiththenpartnerIBM.Thetwocompanieshaddifferencesthough,andtheirpartnershipendedquickly.GatesworkedasCEOuntil2000.Heremainedactivewiththecompanyforseveralyearsbeforeleavingthecompanyin2008.In2014,BillGatesbecamethetechnicaladvisorofthefirm.第二部分　阅读理解　(满分40分，限时35分钟)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ADearEditor，Pleasepublishmorearticlesaboutwomenscientists.Womenscientistshavemadeoutstandingcontributionstotheworld.Thesewomenmakeexcellentrolemodels.MoreyoungwomenmaychoosescienceasaprofessionifwomenreadfeaturedarticlesonfemalescientistslikeMarieCurieandRachelCarson.Bothwomenwereencouragedtostudyscience,andtheybothaccomplishedgreatthings.Withherfather’sencouragement,MarieCuriemadetheworldabetterplacethroughherscientificaccomplishments.Shestudiedtheemission(放射)ofraysfromuranium(铀),afeatureshecalled“radioactivity(放射性)”.Later,Curieandherhusband,alsoascientist,processedthemineralpitchblendebeforeseparatingtworadioactiveelements(元素).Withthisdiscovery,MarieCurieearnedherdoctorate,andshortlythereafter,bothsheandherhusbandwereawardedthe1903NobelPrizeinphysics.In1911MarieCuriewontheNobelPrizeinchemistryfornherworkwiththenewlydiscoveredelements;thisworklaidthefoundationforXraysandatomicphysics.WhenRachelCarsonwasyoung,hermotherencouragedhertostudynature.Asanadult,shebecameknownasthemotherofthemodernenvironmentalmovement.Afterstudyingmarinebiologyandzoologyincollege,Carsonworkedasagovernmentscientistandwroteseveralbooksonhowalllivingthingsrelatetoeachother.In1951herbookTheSeaAroundUsmadescientificknowledgeabouttheseaaccessibletothegeneralreaderandremainedonthebestsellerlistforeightysixweeks.In1962CarsonwroteSilentSpring,abookthathelpedleadtoimprovementsintheuseofchemicalpesticides(农药)．HumanshavebenefitedgreatlyfromtheworkofMarieCurieandRachelCarson.Whatifthesewomenhadnotbeenencouragedtobecomescientists?Ibelievethatweneedtoencourageyoungwomentoenterthefieldofscience.Withthatgoalinmind,Isincerelyhopeyourmagazinecanpublishmorearticlesaboutthecontributionsthatwomenmaketoscience.Sincerely，AnnieBastien,Grade7CapistranoMiddleSchool语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。作者在信中建议杂志编辑多刊登一些关于女性科学家的文章，以鼓励更多女性从事科学。21．Accordingtothetext,MarieCurie________.A．achievedsuccesswithherfather’shelpB．separatedtworadioactiveelementsaloneC．madecontributionstothestudyofXraysD．wontheNobelPrizetwicewithherhusband解析：选C　细节理解题。由第二段中的“thisworklaidthefoundationforXraysandatomicphysics”可知，玛丽·居里的工作为研究X射线和原子物理奠定了基础。22．WhatcanwelearnaboutRachelCarson?A．Shewasaphysicistandchemist.B．Herbookshadagreatinfluenceonthepublic.C．Shewasinspiredbyherfathertobecomeascientist.D．Herroleasanenvironmentalistwasrarelyknownbypeople.解析：选B　细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“herbookTheSeaAroundUsmadescientificknowledgeaboutthesea...abookthathelpedleadtoimprovementsinntheuseofchemicalpesticides(农药)”可知，雷切尔·卡逊所著的两本书对大众都产生了很大的影响。23．Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor?A．Sheaimstobecomeascientist.B．Shelikesreadingandwritingstories.C．Shehasagreatinterestinwomenscientists.D．Shewantstopublisharticlesinthemagazine.解析：选C　推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Ibelievethatweneedtoencourageyoungwomentoenterthefieldofscience”可知，作者对女性科学家的故事很感兴趣。BEinsteinwasnotonlytheoutstandingscientistofthe20thcentury,butalsoagiftedandenthusiasticmusician.Heoncesaidthathadhenotbeenascientist,hewouldhavebeenamusician.“Lifewithoutplayingmusicisunthinkableforme，”hesaid.“Ilivemydaydreamsinmusic.Igetmostjoyinlifeoutofmusic.”Einstein’smother,Pauline,wasatalentedpianistwhobroughtmusictolifeinthefamilyhome.Einsteinbegantolearntheviolinattheageof6.However,heworkedharduntildiscoveringthejoysofMozart’ssonatas(奏鸣曲)attheageof13.Fromthatpointon,althoughhehadnofurtherlessons,hisviolinremainedhiscompanion(伴侣)．WhenEinsteinmovedtoAarauinSwitzerlandin1895tocompletehisschooling,heseemedtohavedevotedagooddealofhistimetomusic.Justbeforehis17thbirthdayEinsteinplayedatamusicexaminationintheschool.Theexaminerreportedthat“astudentcalledEinsteinshoneinadeeplyfeltperformanceofoneoftheBeethovensonatas”.Inadditiontohisgreatskillinplayingtheviolin,healsoplayedthepianoand,inparticular,lovedtoimprovise(即兴创作)．Inlaterlife,Einstein’sreputationasaphysicistoftenledtoinvitationstoperformatbenefitconcerts,whichhegenerallyacceptedhappily.Atonesuchevent,acritic—notknowingEinstein’srealreputationasaphysicist—wrote,“Einsteinplaysexcellently.However,hisworldwidereputationisundeserved.Therearemanyviolinistswhoarejustasgood.”ProbablythesummaryofEinsteintheviolinistthatcomesnearesttothemarkcomesfromhisfriendJanosPlesch,whowrote,“Therearemanymusicianswithmuchnbetterskills,butnone,Ibelieve,whoeverplayedwithmoresincerityordeeperfeeling.”语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了物理学家爱因斯坦对音乐的热爱与投入。24．WelearnfromParagraph1thatEinstein________.A．hadagreatloveformusicB．enjoyeddaydreaminginmusicC．hadstoppedplayingmusicforawhileD．preferredtobeamusicianratherthanascientist解析：选A　推理判断题。由第一段中的“agiftedandenthusiasticmusician”和爱因斯坦所说的话可知，爱因斯坦非常热爱音乐。25．AfterdiscoveringthejoysofMozart’ssonatas,Einstein________.A．begantocreatehisownmusicB．spentalotoftimeplayinghisviolinC．startedlearningthepianobyhimselfD．movedtoSwitzerlandtolearntheviolin解析：选B　细节理解题。由第二段中的“Fromthatpointon,althoughhehadnofurtherlessons,hisviolinremainedhiscompanion(伴侣)．”可知，爱因斯坦在13岁时发现莫扎特奏鸣曲的乐趣，从那时开始，小提琴一直陪伴他左右。26．WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3?A．Einsteindidexcellentlyintheexamination.B．Einstein’slifeinAarauaffectedhismusicaltaste.C．Einstein’sperformancedisappointedtheexaminer.D．EinsteinpracticedtheBeethovensonatasforhisbirthday.解析：选A　推理判断题。由第三段中的“Theexaminerreportedthat’astudentcalledEinsteinshoneinadeeplyfeltperformanceofoneoftheBeethovensonatas’”可知，考官对爱因斯坦在考试中的表现赞赏有加。27．Bymentioningthecritic’swords,theauthorprobablywantstoshow________.A．Einsteindidn’tliveuptohisreputationB．EinsteinwasalsoanoutstandingviolinistC．EinsteinplayedbetterthanprofessionalviolinistsD．Einsteinwishedtherewouldbemorebenefitconcerts解析：选B　推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的“Einsteinplaysexcellently.However,hisworldwidereputationisundeserved.Therearemanyviolinistswhoarenjustasgood.”可知，爱因斯坦是名出色的小提琴家。CWhenagolferplaysonanygolfcourse,heorsheexpectsthecoursehasalotofhazards(障碍区)likesands,woods,andpondsofwater.Thereisonespecialgolfcourse,though,wherealongwiththesehazardsthatstandstill,theplayermustexpecttocompeteagainsthundredsofmovinghazards.ThegolfcourseisonChristmasIsland.TheislandisanareaofAustraliaintheIndianOcean,thethirdlargestoceanintheworld,lyingbetweenAfricaandAustralia.Themovinghazardsarebrightred,fourandonehalfinch(11.4cm)crabs(螃蟹).Over150millionofthesebrightlycoloredcrabsliveintheisland’srainforests.Everyyear,startingaroundNovember,thecrabsmigrate(迁移).Theyleavetherainforestandmaketheirwaytotheocean.Theyarriveatthecoastafteronetothreeweeks.Butthemales(雄性)returntotherainforestearlierthanthefemales,whoreturnabouttwoweekslaterafterproducingupto100,000eggs.OnChristmasIslandthereisagolfcoursebuiltonthecrabs’migrationroute.Duringthemigrationseason,therearehundredsofredcrabsmovingonthecourse.TherulesoftheChristmasIslandGolfClubsaythatallplayersmusttreatthecrabsastheywouldtreatanyotherhazard.Theycannotmovethem,andtheymustplayaroundthem.Ifawalkingcrabhappenstoknockaballwhileitisonthegreen,hittingitintoahole,theballisconsidered“in”．Just_as_the_golfers_must_compete_against_a_moving_hazard,_so_must_the_crabs.Peoplehavebuiltroadsthatrunthroughthecrabs’migrationroute.Unluckily,uptotwomillioncrabsarekilledbypassingvehicleseveryyear.Peoplearetryingtoreducethenumberbyputtingup“CrabCrossing”signsandclosingcertainroadsduringthemigrationseason.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在澳大利亚的圣诞岛上，一个高尔夫球场上有一些特殊的障碍区——红蟹。28．Whatdowelearnabouttheredcrabs?A．TheyarriveintherainforestinNovember.B．Theyspendmostoftheiryearintheocean.C．Thefemalesspendtwomoreweeksonthecoast.D．Themalesstarttomigrateearlierthanthefemales.解析：选C　细节理解题。由第二段中的“thefemales,whoreturnabouttwoweekslaterafterproducingupto100,000neggs”可知，雌性红蟹在海岸上多停留两周，故选C项。29．TherulesoftheChristmasIslandGolfClub________.A．attractmoregolfplayersB．canhelpprotectthecrabsC．oftenmakegolfersconfusedD．causethecrabsmuchtrouble解析：选B　推理判断题。由第三段中的“Theycannotmovethem,andtheymustplayaroundthem.”可知，该高尔夫球俱乐部的这些规则有助于保护红蟹，故选B项。30．Bysaying“Justasthegolfers...somustthecrabs”，theauthormeans________.A．thecrabsmustfacedangerontheroadB．thecrabsarequiteperfectmovinghazardsC．golferslikecompetingagainstmovinghazardsD．golfersfindithardtoplayonChristmasIsland解析：选A　推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Peoplehavebuiltroadsthatrunthroughthecrabs’migrationroute.Unluckily,uptotwomillioncrabsarekilledbypassingvehicleseveryyear”可知，螃蟹们的迁徙路线要经过马路，所以每年大约有两百万只螃蟹会被过往的车辆轧死，由此可见它们必须面对路上的危险，故选A项。31．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ChristmasIslandB．GreatmigrationC．CrabCrossingD．Crabhazards解析：选D　标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了一个高尔夫球场上的一些特殊的障碍区——红蟹，故用D项作标题最恰当。DDoyouhaveimagination?Doyouliketosolveproblems?Canyou?Ifso,youcouldbethenextgreatinventor.“ButI’mjustakid，”youmightsay!Don’tworryaboutalittlethinglikeage.Forexample,onefamousinventor—BenjaminFranklin—gothisstartwhenhewasonly12.Atthatyoungage,hecreatedpaddlesforhishandstohelphimswimfaster.Finallyhiscreationledtowhatweknowiscalledflippers!Soyoudon’thavetobeanadulttobeaninventor.Onethingyoudoneed,though,issomethingthatkidshaveplentynof:curiosityandimagination.Kidsareknownforlookingatthingsinnewanduniqueways.Sowhatshouldyoudoifyouhavewhatisagreatideaforaninvention?Talktoafriendorfamilymemberaboutit.Getinputfromothersaboutyouridea.Thenaskthemtohelpyoucreateaworkingmodel—calledaprototype(原型)—ofyouridea.Onceyouhaveaprototype,youcantestit.Sometimesyourideaturnsouttobenotasgreatasyouthought.Atothertimes,though,yourealizeitisagoodideaandyourprototypecanhelpyoufigureouthowtomakeitevenbetter.Ifyourideaisreallyagoodone,anadultcanhelpyoucontactcompaniesthatmightbeinterestedinit.Youwillalsowantanadult’shelptogetapatent(专利权)foryouridea,sothatitisprotectedandcan’tbestolenbysomeoneelse.Ifyouneedsomeinspiration,considerthesekidsandtheirinventions：JeanieLowinventedtheKiddieStoolwhenshewasjust11.It’safoldingstoolthatfitsunderthekitchensink.Kidscanunfolditanduseittoreachthesinkallbythemselves.Attheageof15,LouisBrailleinventedthesystemnamedafterhimthatallowstheblindtoread.ChelseaLanmonreceivedapatentwhenshewasjust8forthe“pocketdiaper”，anewtypeofdiaperthatincludesapocketforholdingbabywipesandpowder.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。孩子能成为发明家吗？答案是肯定的。作者列举了Franklin，Braille，Lanmon等人的成功事例。32．Bysaying“ButI’mjustakid”，youprobablymeanyou________.A．aretooyoungtoachieveanythingB．candoanythingthoughyouareyoungC．areoldenoughtobecomeaninventorD．havetolearnknowledgefromotherpeople解析：选A　推理判断题。“justakid”意为“只是个孩子”，表明年龄小而做不了什么大事，与A项中的too...to...(太……而不能……)同义，故A项正确。33．Whichofthefollowingistherightorderofaninvention?A．apatent—aprototype—agoodidea—aninventionB．aninvention—agoodidea—apatent—aprototypeC．agoodidea—aprototype—aninvention—apatentD．aprototype—apatent—agoodidea—aninventionn解析：选C　细节排序题。文章第三段中“Sowhatshouldyoudoifyouhavewhatisagreatideaforaninvention？”和“Thenaskthemtohelpyoucreateaworkingmodel—calledaprototype(原型)—ofyouridea.”表明发明顺序为agoodidea—aprototype。再根据第五段的“Youwillalsowantanadult’shelptogetapatent(专利权)...”可知，申请专利是发明的最后步骤。故C项正确。34．Whoinventedsomethingthathelpstheblindtoread?A．JeanieLow.　　　　　B．BenjaminFranklin.C．ChelseaLanmon.D．LouisBraille.解析：选D　细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“...LouisBrailleinventedthesystemnamedafterhimthatallowstheblindtoread.”可知答案。35．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthispassage?A．KidshavecuriosityandimaginationB．TherearesomeworldfamousinventorsC．KidsareexactlylikeadultsinawayD．Itispossibleforkidstobeinventors解析：选D　标题归纳题。综观全文，文章论述的是孩子一样可以成为发明家这一主题。本文所举的例子BenjaminFranklin(12岁),JeanieLow(11岁),LouisBraille(15岁)及ChelseaLanmon(8岁)也都说明了孩子成为发明家的可能性。故选择D项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ThereisanoldSpanishproverbwhichstates,“Tomorrowisoftenthebusiestdayoftheweek.”__36__Toomany.Butourdreamsshouldnotandcannotwait.Tomorrowisnotpromised.Nobodylikestotalkaboutdeath,buttherealityisthateverybodywilldiesomeday.Noneofusknowtheday.__37__Don’tgotoyourgravewithunfinisheddreams.Makethedecisiontogoaftereverydream,bigorsmall,rightnow.Theworldiswaitingforyourgift.Theworldiswaitingforyou.__38__Sure,otherpeoplemaybeabletosing,butthey’llneverbeabletosingexactlylikeyou.Sure,otherpeoplecanwrite,butthey’llneverbeabletowritefromthesamepointofviewinwhichyouwrite.__39__Youcandreamaboutwritingagreatnovel,butit’snevergoingtohappenunlessnyouactuallyputpentopaper.Youcandreamaboutfindingacureforcancer,butitwillneverhappenunlessyouactuallygotoschooltobecomeequippedwiththenecessarytoolstofindthatcure.Youcan’tletfearwin.Oneofthebiggestdreamkillersisfear.Therearesomanypeoplewhocouldhaveachievedamazingthingsiftheyweren’tafraid.Justthinkaboutallthethingsyou’vewantedtodo,butallowedfeartoconvinceyouthatyouweren’tcapableorgoodenough.__40__Youcanchoosenottoletfearstopyoufromachievingyourdreams.A．Therefore,todayisallwehave.B．Dreamsdon’tworkunlessyoudo.C．Rememberthatfearisjustachoice.D．Youwerebornintotheworldwithauniquegift.E．Youwillbemuchhappierifyougoforyourdreams.F．Therearesomanyopportunitiesandpeoplewaitingforyou.G．Howmanytimeshaveweputoffourdreamsuntiltomorrow?语篇解读：人类因梦想而伟大，但梦想经不起等待。要实现你心中的梦想，那就即刻启程吧。36.选G　根据该空后面的“Toomany.”可知，这是对G项问题的回答。37．选A　根据本段标题和本段内容可知，明天未可期，要实现梦想，当下就要行动，A项与前后语境相符。38．选D　根据该空后面的内容可知，我们每个人都有独一无二的天赋，故选D。39．选B　通读本段内容可知，千里之行，始于足下，梦想的实现，需要我们付出努力。40．选C　C项中的“...fearisjustachoice”与后面一句中的“choosenottoletfear...”相呼应。第三部分　语言知识运用　(满分45分，限时30分钟)第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。PerhapsfortyyearsagoSadieleftherdrunkandviolenthusband.Needingshelterforherselfandheryoungsonshetooka__41__inahousingprojectfor__42__people.Eventually,shegottoknowtheresidents.Oneresident,Archie,didn’thavea__43__ofhisownbuthisnephew’swifeandherkidswould__44__andhelptheoldguyfromtimetotime.SadiehelpedcareforArchieashebattled__45__anditwasshewhocalledthendoctorwhodiagnosedhiscancer.Timepassed.Sadie’ssongrewup,got__46__andsettledseveralhundredmilesaway.Sadieretiredand__47__intoanicelittlehomeofherown.To__48__thelonelinessshetookinaseriesof__49__overtheyears.Hercurrentdog,Muffin,withabadtemper,__50__pullsattheendofhislead.Sowhenaheavyfallofsnowcameayearandahalfagoshewas__51__whenaneighbourofferedto__52__thedog;justsoshewouldn’tbepulledoffherfeetandbreaka__53__.Andeachdayhewouldspendawhiletalkingtoher,seeingifshewas__54__，checkingifsheneededanything.Butinallthetimeshe’sknownhim，Sadieneverreallythoughttowonderwhathislast__55__was.Thismorningsheasked.HissurnamewasthesameasoldArchie’s.Shewas__56__todiscoverthemanwhohadbeen“caring”forherforthepastyearandahalfhadbeenoneofthelittlekidswhousedto__57__“UncleArchie”andtrampmudupanddownthestairsshehadto__58__.Shehadcaredforhisfamily,nowhewascaringforher.Neitherofthem__59__ituntilthatmomentbuttheywerelivingproofoftheoldsaying,Whatgoesaroundcomesaround,andthecircleof__60__willnotbebroken!语篇解读：四十年以前萨迪在贫困潦倒时到一家养老院工作，在那里结识了一位孤寡老人。萨迪给予了老人无微不至地关怀，而四十年后，老人的家人又帮助了萨迪，爱心得到了传递。41．A.seat　　　　　　　B．jobC．pictureD．trip解析：选B　联系空前的“Needingshelterforherselfandheryoungson”可知，她在一家养老院找到了一份工作以解决衣食居住问题。42．A.elderlyB．foreignC．youngD．foolish解析：选A　联系下文的“helptheoldguyfromtimetotime”可知，这是一家专门为老年人服务的机构。43．A.conductorB．hopeC．familyD．friend解析：选C　从本空后的只有他的侄子一家来看望并且帮助他可推断：这位老人没有家人。44．A.lookupB．getroundC．passbyD．dropin解析：选D　老人独自在养老院的这段日子里，他的侄子一家人经常来看望他。dropin“看望；拜访”。lookup“查询；抬头看”；getround“四处走动”；passby“经过”。n45．A.pollutionB．illnessC．dangerD．trouble解析：选B　联系下文的“diagnosedhiscancer”可知，萨迪帮助阿奇与病魔抗争。46．A.marriedB．dressedC．accustomedD．lost解析：选A　联系“grewup”和“settledseveralhundredmilesaway”可知，许多年过后，萨迪的孩子长大成家了，然后移居到了外地。47．A.steppedB．settledC．brokeD．looked解析：选B　联系空后的“anicelittlehomeofherown”可知，萨迪退休了，她一个人住在一间小房子里。48．A.judgeB．divideC．easeD．show解析：选C　联系空后的“theloneliness”以及她养狗可知，为了缓解孤独感，几年来她连续养了几只狗。49．A.beggarsB．catsC．childrenD．dogs解析：选D　联系下文“Hercurrentdog”可知，她养了几只狗。50．A.sometimesB．alwaysC．seldomD．never解析：选B　由本空前“withabadtemper”可知，她现在的这条狗总是撒野，拖拽主人。51．A.pleasedB．interestedC．concernedD．determined解析：选A　联系上下文可知，萨迪现在的这条狗很凶猛，一年半前萨迪被它拖拽摔在雪地上，所以当有人提出帮她遛狗的时候，她应该很高兴。52．A.comfortB．trainC．walkD．feed解析：选C　walkthedog“遛狗”，为固定表达。53．A.promiseB．secretC．doorD．bone解析：选D　有人帮她遛狗，这样就避免了她被狗拉倒造成骨折。54．A.busyB．patientC．okayD．quietn解析：选C　每天，他都会陪她说会儿话，看看她身体是否还好。55．A.nameB．chanceC．dayD．word解析：选A　联系后文的“Thismorningsheasked.HissurnamewasthesameasoldArchie’s.”可知，有相当长的一段时间，她从来没有想到问他叫什么。lastname＝surname，意为“姓”。56．A.worriedB．surprisedC．satisfiedD．encouraged解析：选B　她非常惊奇地发现，那个人竟然就是多年以前自己照顾的老阿奇的孩子之一。57．A.inviteB．protectC．supportD．visit解析：选D　与前文的dropin相呼应可知，此处应选visit。58．A.countB．climbC．buildD．clean解析：选D　联系空前的“trampmudupanddownthestairs”可知，他们那个时候经常把她负责打扫的楼梯踩脏。59．A.cutB．gaveC．knewD．picked解析：选C　直到那一刻，两个人才知道他们是互相帮助，这真应了那句话“善有善报”。60．A.kindnessB．knowledgeC．powerD．courage解析：选A　通读全文可知，文章讲了一种善举——帮助他人。这种善举永远不会终止。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Wouldyouliketogospelunking?Doyouknow__61__itis?Spelunkingistheexplorationofcavesasahobby,includingmeasuringandmappingcavesandreportingontheplantsorotherthingsthatgrowin__62__.TheDeSotoCavernsinnorthcentralAlabamaareagreatplacetogospelunking.Theyhaveoneofthemostaweinspiring__63__(collect)ofstalagmites(石笋)andstalactites(钟乳石)foundintheUnitedStates.Thecaveshavealonghistory.TheearliestpeoplelivingtherewereArchaicmen(ArchaicPeriod,8,000to1,000B．C.),__64__livedonsmallgame,fishandnnuts.Duringthe1500s,they__65__(explore)bytheSpanish.In1796,BenjaminHawkins,aU．S.agent__66__(appoint)byGeorgeWashington,wroteaboutthebeautyoftheDeSotoCavernsinareport,__67__(make)themthefirstofficiallyreportedcavesintheUnitedStates.DuringtheCivilWar,theDeSotoCavernsbecameasiteforminingsaltpeter(硝石),used__68__(produce)gunpowderfortheSouth.In1965,thecavernswereofficiallyopenedto__69__public.Withhighpowerelectriclightsthecaverns’colourfulbeautycanbe__70__(full)appreciated.Today,theDeSotoCavernshostseveralmajorweekendfestivalseachyear.语篇解读：你喜欢洞穴探险吗？你知道什么是洞穴探险吗？位于阿拉巴马中北部的DeSotoCaverns就是一个绝佳的去处。61．what　设空处引导宾语从句，且从句意为“它是什么”，故填what。62．them　设空处指代前面提到的caves，故填them。63．collections　由oneof可知，设空处应用名词的复数形式，故填collections。64．who　设空处引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明Archaicmen，且在从句中作主语，故填who。65．wereexplored　由Duringthe1500s可知，应用一般过去时，且they(指代theDeSotoCaverns)与explore之间是被动关系，故填wereexplored。66．appointed　appoint与agent之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，且appoint所表示的动作已完成，故填appointed。67．making　BenjaminHawkins与make之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且make所表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生，故填making。68．toproduce　硝石被用来制造火药，故填toproduce作目的状语。69．the　public意为“公众”时，其前通常加定冠词the。70．fully　设空处修饰动词appreciated，故填副词fully。第四部分　写作　(满分35分，限时35分钟)第一节：短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。WhenIwasachild,myparentsmademetolearntoplaytheviolin.Ihavelittlentimetoplaywithmyfriends,thatmademeupset.Ihatedplayingtheviolinatthattime,justbecausetheyforcedmetodoit.Nowlookingback,I’mgratefultomyparentsforwhathedidforme.Asmatteroffact,musichadenrichedmylife.Itgivesmejoy,comfortorconfidence.Ihavecometounderstandwhymyparentswerealwayspushingmehardlythen.Everybodywillexperiencepains.Afewhardworkandsweatwillneverhurtus.Astheoldsayinggoing,nopainnogain.答案：第一句：去掉第一个to第二句：have→had;that→which第四句：he→they第五句：As后加a;had→has第六句：or→and第七句：hardly→hard第九句：few→little第十句：going→goes第二节：书面表达(满分25分)假如你是李华，是某国际学校的学生。出于安全考虑你校最近禁止所有学生到校外就餐，但同学们认为校外的饭菜与学校食堂的相比，即便宜又好吃。请你就此事给来自英国的校长史密斯博士写一封信，并提出你的建议。注意：1.词数100左右；2．可以适当发挥，以使行文连贯；3．开头与结尾已写好，不计入总词数。DearDr.Smith，IamLiHua,astudentfromClass6,Grade3.Yourssincerely，LiHua参考范文：DearDr.Smith，IamLiHua,astudentfromClass6,Grade3.I’mwritingtoexpressmyopiniononthenewschoolrulemadelastweek.Accordingtotherule,allstudentsareforbiddentoeatoutduringschooldays.Itsaysthatthefoodwebuyoutsidethecampusisn’thealthyandoursafetyisnnotguaranteed.However,wefindthefoodsoldinthestreetmoredeliciousandcheaper.Besides,thevarietyofmealstheschoolcanteensuppliesistoolimited.SoIhopeweareallowedtobuyfoodoutsideorsomemeasureswillbetakentoimprovethefoodintheschoolcanteen.Thankyouforreadingmyletter.Pleasetakemyopinionintoconsideration.Yourssincerely，LiHua