2019年高中英语unit3lifeinthefuture单元加餐练（一_二）（含解析）新人教版 8页

加餐练(一)　完形阅读组合练Ⅰ.完形填空Emilywasaverybigfanofanimalswhenshewasachild.Asaresult,allsheeverheardaboutgrowingupwas“Emily,youshouldbea__1__.You’regoingtobegreatinthatfield.That’swhatyoushoulddo.”__2__whenshegottotheOhioStateUniversity,shetookbiology,anatomy,andchemistry,andstartedstudyingtobeavet.ARotaryAmbassadorialScholarshipallowedhertospendher__3__yearstudyingabroadinManchester,England.Awayfromthefamilyand__4__fromthem,shefoundherselfonedaysittingatherdesk,surroundedbybiologybooksandstaringoutthewindow,whenitsuddenlyhither:“I’mintotal__5__.Idon’twanttobeavet！”__6__shethoughtbackoverallthethingsshe’ddoneinherlifeandwhathadmadeherhappy.Andthenithither—itwasalloftheyouthleadershipconferencesthatshehadvolunteered__7__，andthecommunicationsandleadershipcoursesshehadtakenaselectivecoursesbackatOhioState.“HowcouldIhavebeenso__8__？HereIaminmyfourthyearatschoolandjustfinallyrealizingI’monthe__9__path.Ijustnevertookthetimeto__10__ituntilnow，”shethought.Inspiredbyhernew__11__，EmilyspenttherestofheryearinEnglandtakingcoursesincommunicationsandmediastudies.When__12__toOhioState,shewaseventuallyableto__13__theadministrationtolethercreateherownprogramin“leadershipstudies”，__14__ittookher2yearslongertofinallygraduate.She__15__tobecomeaseniormanagementconsultantinleadershiptraininganddevelopmentforthePentagon.She__16__foundedadrugpreventionorganizationthat__17__themessage“Leadyourownlifewiththeskillandthe__18__tosayno.”So,neverlivesomeoneelse’s__19__.Ifyoulimityour__20__onlytowhatseemspossibleorreasonable,youdisconnectyourselffromwhatyoutrulywant.语篇解读：我们应该如何去选择未来的生活道路呢？按照别人认为很合理的道路走，还是找到自己喜欢的一条路走？埃米莉自己的经历给了我们答案。1．A.surgeon　　　　　　　B．doctorC．vetD．nurse解析：选C　surgeon意为“外科医生”；doctor意为“医生”；vet意为“兽医”；nurse意为“护士”。根据第一句“Emilywasaverybigfanofanimals...”和第一段最后的“andstartedstudyingtobeavet”可知此处表示：你应该成为一名兽医，故C项正确。n2．A.ForB．ButC．OrD．So解析：选D　根据上下句之间的因果关系可知此处意为“于是(so)在上大学时她选择了这些专业”。3．A.usualB．finalC．firstD．past解析：选B　usual意为“通常的；平常的”；final意为“最后的；最终的”；first意为“最初的”；past意为“过去的”。根据后文第9空前的“myfourthyearatschool”可知她现在是在大学的第四年，也就是最后一年：finalyear，故B项正确。4．A.routineB．warningC．pressureD．complaint解析：选C　routine意为“日常工作；例行公事”；warning意为“警告”；pressure意为“压力”；complaint意为“抱怨；投诉”。根据情景可知此处表示离开了家人也离开了他们在学习上给她的压力，故C项正确。5．A.miseryB．silenceC．confidenceD．surprise解析：选A　句意：我现在生活在深深的痛苦之中，我不想成为一名兽医。misery意为“痛苦；悲惨；不幸”；silence意为“沉默；寂静”；confidence意为“自信；自信心”；surprise意为“惊讶；惊喜”。根据上下文情景可知：现在她才明白自己真正想要做的事情是什么，这几年一直在按照别人的意志去拼搏努力，因此认为自己的生活是非常悲惨和痛苦的，故A项正确。6．A.PerhapsB．ThenC．InsteadD．Often解析：选B　句意：接下来她回想这些年来自己做的事情，哪些事情是真的让自己感到幸福的。perhaps意为“或许”；then意为“然后”；instead意为“代替”；often意为“经常；通常”。根据上下文的意思可知此处应该选then。7．A.ofB．withC．atD．on解析：选C　volunteerat意为“在……中充当志愿者”，为固定短语，故C项正确。8．A.innocentB．intelligentC．intellectualD．ignorant解析：选D　innocent意为“无辜的；无罪的”；intelligent意为“聪明的；聪慧的”；intellectual意为“智力的”；ignorant意为“无知的；愚昧的”。根据下句中的“andjustfinallyrealizingn...”可知此处表达她到现在才明白自己原来是无知的，故D项正确。9．A.wrongB．clearC．shortD．wide解析：选A　现在自己才明白应该做什么，以前自己走的是一条错误的道路：awrongpath。10．A.includeB．accomplishC．acknowledgeD．criticize解析：选C　include意为“包含；包括”；accomplish意为“完成”；acknowledge意为“认可；承认；认识到”；criticize意为“批评”。根据句意可知此处表示在此之前她都没有时间来认识这一点。故C项正确。11．A.discoveryB．understandingC．informationD．research解析：选B　discovery意为“发现”；understanding意为“理解”；information意为“信息”；research意为“研究；调查”。根据上文的描述可知：Emily对自己的生活产生了新的理解和认识，决定了今后的奋斗方向，故B项正确。12．A.relatingB．referringC．returningD．responding解析：选C　relateto意为“与……有关”；referto意为“参考；涉及”；returnto意为“回到”；respondto意为“响应；对……作出反应”。此处指Emily又回到了美国，所以returnto符合语境。13．A.prepareB．forceC．forbidD．convince解析：选D　prepare意为“准备”；force意为“强迫”；forbid意为“禁止；阻止”；convince意为“说服；使信服”。根据此空后的“lethercreateherownprogram”可知此处表示她说服了学校的管理部门让她创办自己的“领导艺术研究”项目，故D项正确。14．A.asB．thoughC．onceD．if解析：选B　根据句意可知此处表示尽管这样做使她多用了两年的时间才大学毕业。故用though引导让步状语从句。15．A.hesitatedB.failedC．retiredD．continued解析：选D　hesitate意为“犹豫”；fail意为“失败”；retire意为“退休”；continue意为“继续”。此空后的“becomeaseniormanagementconsultantinleadershiptraining”和上句中的“leadershipstudies”相呼应，故此处表示她大学毕n业后继续所做的事，故D项正确。16．A.stillB．alsoC．againD．only解析：选B　此处承接上文的创办项目，表示除了继续从事自己的事业外，她还(also)成立了一个禁毒组织，故B项正确。17．A.leavesB．conveysC．commentsD．acquires解析：选B　leave意为“离开”；convey意为“表达；传达”；comment意为“发表评论；发表意见”；acquire意为“获得；取得”。根据句意可知，此处表示该组织向人们传达的信息是“凭自己的本领去生活，要有说’不’的意志”，conveythemessage意为“传递/表达信息”，符合语境。18．A.willB．chanceC．factD．pride解析：选A　will意为“意志力”；chance意为“机会”；fact意为“事实”；pride意为“自豪”。根据第17题的解析可知此处应该是：告诉人们自己要有对错误说“不”的意志力(will)。19．A.promisesB．requestsC．successesD．dreams解析：选D　句意：所以，不要为了别人的梦想而活着。promise意为“允诺；承诺”；request意为“请求；需要”；success意为“成功”；dream意为“梦想；愿望”。根据第一段的描述可知：Emily周围的人都希望她成为一名兽医，但是通过自己这些年的拼搏和思考终于明白了——不能为了别人的梦想活着，故D项符合语境。20．A.smilesB．reasonsC．choicesD．mistakes解析：选C　句意：假如你的选择仅限于似乎可能或合理的范围内，你将远离自己的真心。smile意为“微笑”；reason意为“原因”；choice意为“选择”；mistake意为“错误”。根据语义可知C项正确。Ⅱ.阅读理解Somepeoplearelikehomingpigeons:Dropthemoffanywhere,andthey’llfindtheirwayaround.Otherpeople，though,can’ttellwhenthey’reholdingamapupsidedown.Arethedirectionallychallengedjustbadlearners?Notallofyournavigational(导航的)skillsarelearned.Researchshowsthatyoursenseofdirectionisinnate.Aninnateabilityissomethingyouarebornwith.Yourbrainhasspecialnavigationalneurons—headdirectioncells,placecells,nandgridcells(网格细胞)—andtheyhelpprogramyourinsidecompass(指南针)whenyou’rejustababy.In2010,scientistscarriedoutanexperimenttostudybabyrats’neuralactivityintheirbrains.Althoughtheratswerenewborns,theresearchersdiscoveredthattheirheaddirectioncells(whichhelpthemrecognizethedirectionthey’refacing)werefullygrownanddeveloped.Therats,itseemed,werebornwithasenseofdirection.Andtheyhadn’tevenopenedtheireyesyet!Humans,ofcourse,arenotrats.Butthehippocampus—thebrainareaweusefornavigation—issimilarinmostmammals(哺乳动物).Iftherat’scompassdevelopsthisway,thenit’slikelythatahuman’scompassdoes,too.Ifwe’rebornwithasenseofdirection,thenwhyaresomepeoplesogoodatgettinglost?Thescientistsfoundthatthetwoothercells—placeandgridcells—developedwithinthefirstmonth.Placecellsarethoughttohelpusformamapinourmind,whilegridcellshelpusnavigatenewandunfamiliarplaces.Thetwocellsworktogether,andthat’swherethetroublemightbe.Peoplewhotookpartina2013studyplayedavideogamethatrequiredthemtotravelquicklybetweendifferentplaces.Monitoring(监测)theirbrains,thescientistsfoundthatgridcellshelpedthegamersrecognizewheretheywere—evenwithoutlandmarks.AccordingtoresearcherMichaelKahana,differencesinhowgridcellsworkmayhelpexplainwhysomepeoplehaveabettersenseofdirectionthanothers.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。科学家发现，有些人方向感好是因为他们的网格细胞更加发达。1．Whatdidthe2010researchfind?A．Ratshaveanaturalabilitytorecognizedirections.B．Rats’hippocampusisdifferentfromthatofhumans.C．Ratsusuallyfindtheirwaywithoutopeningtheireyes.D．Babyratshaveasmanyheaddirectioncellsasgrownups.解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Therats,itseemed,werebornwithasenseofdirection.”可知，老鼠天生就有辨别方向的能力。2．Whatdoweknowaboutournavigationalneurons?A．Placecellsletusknowhowtoreadamap.B．Gridcellshelpusreachtheplacewearegoingto.C．Theyhelpususeacompasswhenweloseourway.nD．Placeandgridcellsgrowlaterthanheaddirectioncells.解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Althoughtheratswerenewborns，theresearchersdiscoveredthattheirheaddirectioncells...werefullygrownanddeveloped.”和第五段中的“thetwoothercells—placeandgridcells—developedwithinthefirstmonth”可知，位置和网格细胞的生长迟于头向细胞的生长。3．Whyaresomepeoplesogoodatgettinglost?A．Theycan’trememberlandmarks.B．Theirgridcellscan’tworkverywell.C．Theyareunfamiliarwithnewplaces.D．Theirabilitytofollowdirectionsispoor.解析：选B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段末句“Thetwocellsworktogether,andthat’swherethetroublemightbe”和最后一段中的“gridcellshelpedthegamersrecognizewheretheywere—evenwithoutlandmarks,differencesinhowgridcellsworkmayhelpexplainwhysomepeoplehaveabettersenseofdirectionthanothers”可推测，有些人容易迷路是因为他们的网格细胞工作得不理想。4．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Humannavigationalskills.B．Thecompassinrats’body.C．Whygridcellsareuseful.D．Howhomingpigeonswork.解析：选A　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了为什么人类辨别方向的能力有所不同。加餐练(二)　主观题规范增分练Ⅰ.语法填空Onceafarmerlosthiswatchinhisbarn,inwhichlotsofgrainwaskept.Thewatch,__1__wasagiftfromhisfather,wasveryimportanttohimandhewasdeterminedtofindit.Aftersearchingthebarnforalongtime,however,hegaveupandaskedforhelpfromagroupofchildrenwhowereplayingnearby.Hepromisedtogiveagreatrewardto__2__foundthewatch.__3__(hear)this,thechildrenhurriedinsidethebarnimmediately.__4__searchedeverywherebutstillcouldnotfindthewatchburiedinthegrain.Thefarmerwasabouttogiveup__5__alittleboywentuptohimandaskedtobegiven__6__secondchance.nThefarmerlookedathimandthought,“Whynot?Afterall,thiskidlookshonest.”Sothefarmersentthelittleboybackintothebarn.Afterawhilethelittleboycameout__7__thewatchinhishand!Thefarmer,__8__(surprise)buthappy,askedtheboyhowhesucceededwheretheresthadfailed.Theboyreplied,“Ididnothingbut__9__(sit)quietlyandlistenforthesoundofthewatch.”Thisshowsusthatsometimesapeacefulmindcanthink__10__(well)thananexcitedone.语篇解读：一个小男孩凭借冷静的头脑，帮农夫在谷仓里找到了遗失的手表。1．which　此处是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Thewatch，关系代词which在从句中作主语。2．whoever　whoever引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语，故用主格。3．Hearing　Hearingthis是现在分词短语作状语，逻辑主语thechildren与分词动作hear之间是主动关系。4．They　此处用They代指前文中提到的thechildren。5．when　句型“sb.wasabouttodosth.when...”表示“某人正要做某事，这时……”。6．a　“a＋序数词”表示“又；再；还”。7．with　withthewatchinhishand是“with＋复合宾语”结构，在句中作状语。8．surprised　surprisedbuthappy为形容词作状语。9．sit　本空考查donothingbutdo的用法。10．better　空格后than有提示，此空填well的比较级better。Ⅱ.短文改错Anneismybestfriendinhighschool.Honestandfriendly,shegetsalongwelltootherstudents.Shealwayslendahelpinghanduntilsomeoneneedshelp.Anneisasoldasmebuttallthanme.Basketballisherfavoritesportthoughsheisgirl.BecauseAnnestudiesveryhard,sosheoftengetshighgradesinexams.I’mnotgoodatEnglish,soheoftenhelpsmewithmyEnglishafterschool.Withherhelp,IhavemadegreatprogressesinEnglish.AndIalsohelpherasmanyasIcan.Ihopeourfriendshipwilllastaslongaswelived.答案：第二句：to→with第三句：lend→lends;until→if第四句：tall→tallern第五句：girl前加a第六句：去掉so第七句：he→she第八句：progresses→progress第九句：many→much第十句：lived→liveⅢ.书面表达假定你是李华。某英文报社正在举行题为“畅想科技未来：你心中的2050”的征文活动，鼓励同学们想象科技将如何改变生活、工作和休闲方式。请根据你的畅想用英语写一篇短文。注意：1.词数100左右(开头已为你写好，但不计入总词数)；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Canyouimaginehowscienceandtechnologywillchangeourlifein2050?参考范文：Canyouimaginehowscienceandtechnologywillchangeourlifein2050?Withscienceandtechnologyusedineveryaspectoflifeatthattime,we’llliveinagreenerworldwithtrees,birds,flowers,blueskiesandsunshine.Andwe’llbeabletoarrangethingslikemeals,bathingandsleepwithoursmartphones.Robotswillbeabletodomostofthehouseworkforus.Asforwork,we’llmostlyworkathome,communicatingideasforworkonline.Ifnecessary,we’llhavevideomeetingswithourpartnersaroundtheworld.Duringourfreetime,we’llbeabletotraveltoplacesofinterestinnewvehicleslikeflyingcars.We’llevenenjoyspacetripstothemoonandotherplanets.