2019版高中英语unit3theworldofcoloursandlight3.1课时训练（含解析）牛津译林版 5页

课时训练1Ⅰ.单词拼写1.Alarger　　　isofferedforfindingthefamouslostpainting. 答案:reward2.Thisisthemostimpressive　　　(建筑)I’veseenonthistrip. 答案:architecture/building/construction3.Alunareclipse(月食)occurswhentheearth’ss　　　fallsonthemoon. 答案:shadow4.Shefoundsomethingunusualf　　　onthesurfaceoftheriver,whichquitefrightenedher. 答案:floating5.Iregrettedc　　　suchaseriousmistakeinmywork. 答案:committing6.ImadeTommy　　　(代理人)whileIwasabroad. 答案:agent7.Televisionisthemodernm　　　ofcommunication. 答案:medium8.Thebabywasfound　　　(遗弃)outsidealocalhospital. 答案:abandoned9.Somepeoplesaybeautyitselfis　　　(抽象的).Doyouagree? 答案:abstract10.TheECCouncilofFinanceMinistersfailedtoreacha　　　(共识)onthepaceofintegration. 答案:consensusⅡ.用适当的副词或介词填空1.Manychildrendroppedoutofschool　　　anearlyageduetopoverty. 答案:at2.Inordertopayoffhisdebts,theyoungmanhadtosellhisexpensivecar　　　only5,000dollars. 答案:for3.Whenareyou　　　toShanghai?I’llseeyouoffattheairport. 答案:off4.Thecityneverfailstoimpressforeigntourists　　　itsscenery. 答案:with5.Thecompanyannouncedthatnextmonthanewmodeloflaptopcomputerwouldcome　　　themarket. 答案:on/onto6.　　　beinginterestedinmodernart,thegirlwasalsofondofcollectingstamps. 答案:Besides7.Iadviseyounottomakefriends　　　suchpeople. 答案:with8.Itwastypical　　　hertoforget. 答案:ofn9.Thebiggestfishwassixfeetlongandweighedupwards　　　200pounds. 答案:of10.　　　,wecollectedmorethanadozenofsamples. 答案:AltogetherⅢ.单项选择1.Onceyou　　　yourselftoapromise,youaresupposedtocarryitoutnomatterwhathappens. A.stick　　B.offerC.commitD.devote解析:根据下文的信息“不管发生什么情况,你都应该兑现这个承诺”可知,上文应该表示“一旦你作出承诺”,commitoneselftoapromise。故C项正确。答案:C2.Acloudofdangerousgas　　　arounduntilmultipliedintheair. A.floatedB.flewC.shippedD.blew解析:float“漂浮”;flow“流动”;ship“船运”;blow“吹”。句意:一团危险的气体在四处漂浮,直到在空中大量聚集。答案:A3.Thegeneral　　　intheofficeisthathe’suselessathisjob.Thatistosay,everybodythinksso. A.consensusB.judgementC.suggestionD.consideration解析:consensus“共识”;judgement“判断”;suggestion“建议”;consideration“考虑”。根据下文的信息“也就是说,大家都这么认为”可知,上文指“他没有工作能力是大家的共识”。故A项正确。答案:A4.—What’sallthatnoise?—Justinfrontofthebus　　　aninjuredman,allcoveredwithblood. A.whereliesB.lies　　C.doeslieD.lyingis解析:句意:“那边的喧闹声是怎么回事?”“在公交车的前面躺着一个受伤的男子,浑身是血。”表示方位的介词位于句首,且谓语动词为lie,stand,sit等动词时,句子要用全部倒装结构。句子的正常语序为“Aninjuredmanliesjustinfrontofthebus,allcoveredwithblood.”。答案:B5.Itwashardforthemto　　　theirhome.Afterall,theyhadlivedthereforalmostthirtyyears,butanearthquakehaddestroyeditcompletely. A.allocateB.abandonC.approachD.avoid解析:allocate“分配”;abandon“放弃,抛弃”;approach“接近”;avoid“回避,避免”。根据下文的信息“毕竟在那里生活了近三十年”可知,上文指他们不愿意抛弃他们的家园。故选择B项。答案:B6.Wehavesmallarticlesoflowprices,　　　between2and5yuan. A.differingB.movingnC.risingD.ranging解析:上文是“低价的物品”,下文是“介于2到5元之间”,故选D项,构成rangebetween...and...,符合句意“价格2到5元不等”。答案:D7.Itisveryessentialtoaccurately　　　theheightofatowerwithoutanyerrors. A.distributeB.negotiateC.calculateD.explore解析:“塔的高度”应该是“精确计算”,故用calculate。distribute“分布,分发”;negotiate“谈判,商量”;explore“探查,探测”。正确答案为C项。答案:C8.—Theflagsofeveryindependentcountryare　　　justcolourfulpiecesofclothandthreadsewntogether. —Exactly.Aflagoftensymbolizestheoriginbeliefsandculture.A.ratherthanB.lessthanC.morethanD.otherthan解析:由答句可知应填表示“不仅仅”之意的morethan。答案:C9.Heevendidn’taskhowmuchthecarwas　　　,andboughtitwithouthesitation. A.worthyB.worthyofC.worthwhileD.worth解析:由于引导词是howmuch,指的是价钱,因此只能用worth。其他三个选项都不能表示“价值多少”,只能表示“值得”。故选D项。答案:D10.ProbablynomanhadmoreeffectsonthedailylivesofpeopleintheUnitedStates　　　HenryFord　　　. A.as;wasB.than;wasC.than;didD.as;did解析:句意:在美国或许没有一个人能像亨利·福特那样对人们的日常生活有更大的影响。as引导方式状语从句,表示“像……一样”;did在此代替hadeffectson。答案:DⅣ.完成句子1.那位母亲急着跟医生见面。(eager)Themotherwas　　　　　　seethedoctor. 答案:eagerto2.你应该全身心投入到教育学生身上。(commit)Youshould　　　　　　　　　　　　to　　　yourstudents. 答案:commityourwholebeing;educating3.他们动身去上海拜访他们的一个朋友。(beoffto)They　　　　　　　　　Shanghai　　　　　　afriendoftheirs. 答案:areoffto;tovisit4.他就是这个样子,从不听别人的劝告。(typical)Itis　　　　　　　　　nevertolistentoothers’advice. 答案:typicalofhimn5.天空高挂着一道彩虹,颜色从橙到紫。(range)Highintheskyhungarainbow,withitscolours　　　　　　orange　　　purple. 答案:rangingfrom;toⅤ.阅读理解1.Theflag,themostcommonsymbolofanationinthemodernworld,isalsooneofthemostancient.Withaclearsymbolicmeaning,theflaginthetraditionalformisstillusedtodaytomarkbuildings,shipsandothervehiclesrelatedtoacountry.Thenationalflagasweknowittodayisinnowayaprimitiveartifact.Itis,rather,theproductofthousandsofyears’development.Historiansbelievethatithadtwomajorancestors,ofwhichtheearlierservedtoshowwinddirection.Earlyhumanbeingsusedveryfragilehousesandboats.Oftenstrongwindswouldtearroofsfromhousesorcausehighwavesthatendangeredtravelers.People’sfoodsuppliesweresimilarlyvulnerable.Evenaftertheyhadlearnedhowtoplantgrains,theystillneededhelpfromnaturetoensuregoodharvests.Thereforetheyfearedanddependedonthepowerofthewind,whichcouldbringwarmthfromonedirectionandcoldfromanother.Usingasimplepieceofclothtiedtothetopofaposttotellthedirectionofthewindwasmoredependablethanearliermethods,suchaswatchingtherisingofsmokefromafire.Theconnectionoftheflagwithheavenlypowerwasthereforereasonable.Earlyhumansocietiesbegantofixlongpiecesofclothtothetopsoftotems(图腾)beforecarryingthemintobattle.Theybelievedthatthepowerofthewindwouldbeaddedtothegoodwishesofthegodsandancestorsrepresentedbythetotemsthemselves.Theseflagsdevelopedveryslowlyintomodernflags.Thefirstknownflagofanationorarulerwasunmarked.ThekingofChinaaround1,000B.C.wasknowntohaveawhiteflagcarriedaheadofhim.ThispracticemighthavebeenlearnedfromEgyptiansevenfurtherinthepast,butitwasfromChinathatitspreadovertraderoutesthroughIndia,thenacrossArablands,andfinallytoEurope,whereitmetupwiththeotherancestorofthenationalflag.Thebesttitleforthepassagewouldbe　　　. A.DevelopmentoftheNationalFlagB.PoweroftheNationalFlagC.TypesofFlagsD.UsesofFlags解析:本篇文章讲述了古代国旗发展到现代国旗的数千年间的变化。答案:A2.Theunderlinedword“vulnerable”inParagraph3means　　　. A.impossibletomakesureofB.likelytobeprotectedC.easytodamageD.difficulttofind解析:由上句可知以前人们使用的房子和船只是易碎的(fragile)。人们的食物供应也是类似的,由此推断,vulnerable意为“易毁坏的”。答案:Cn3.Theearliestflagswereconnectedwithheavenlypowerbecause　　　. A.theycouldtellwinddirectionB.theycouldbringgoodlucktofightersC.theywerehandeddownbytheancestorsD.theywerebelievedtostandfornaturalforces解析:由短文倒数第二段最后一句话可知,他们相信图腾本身所代表的神仙及祖先的愿望被添加了风的力量,风是自然的力量,因此D项正确。答案:D4.Whatdoestheauthorknowofthefirstnationalflag?A.HeknowswhenitwassenttoEurope.B.HebelievesitwasmadeinEgypt.C.HethinksitcamefromChina.D.Hedoubtswhereitstarted.解析:由短文最后一段第二句以及下文中所描述可知答案为D项。答案:D5.Whatwilltheauthormostprobablytalkaboutnext?A.TheroleofChinainthespreadofthenationalflag.B.Thesecondancestorofthenationalflag.C.TheuseofmodernflagsinEurope.D.Theimportanceofmodernflags.解析:第二段中提到历史学家相信国旗有两个主要的祖先,文中只讲了其中一个祖先,因此下面很可能讲thesecondancestor。答案:B