2019年高中英语unit2theunitedkingdomsectionⅰwarmingup 16页

Unit2TheUnitedKingdomWhenpeoplesayEngland,theysometimesmeanGreatBritain,sometimestheUnitedKingdom,sometimestheBritishIsles—butneverEngland.WhyisEnglandortheUKsometimescalledBritain?“England”issometimes,wrongly,usedinreferencetothewholeUnitedKingdom,theentireislandofGreatBritain(orsimplyBritain),orindeedtheBritishIsles.Thisisnotonlyincorrectbutcancauseoffence(冒犯)topeoplefromotherpartsoftheUK.England,Scotland,Wales,GreatBritainrefertodifferentpartsoftheUK.TheBritishIslesincludesmanyislandsnotevenpartoftheUK.Thediverse(多种多样的)historyofEngland,ScotlandandWaleshasledtoverydifferentculturaltraditions.TheScotsandWelshhaverighttofeelaggrieved(受侵害的)whenevertheterm“England”isusedwronglytomeanallthree.ThenameUnitedKingdomreferstotheunionofwhatwereoncefourseparatecountries:England,Scotland,WalesandIreland(thoughmostofIrelandisnowindependent)．TheUK’sfullandofficialnameis“theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland”．nSectionⅠWarmingUp&Reading—PrereadingPUZZLES①INGEOGRAPHYPeoplemaywonderwhydifferentwordsareusedtodescribethesefourcountries:England,Wales②，Scotland③andNorthernIreland④.Youcanclarify⑤thisquestionifyoustudyBritishhistory.FirsttherewasEngland.Waleswaslinkedto⑥itinthethirteenthcentury.Nowwhenpeoplereferto⑦EnglandyoufindWalesincluded⑧aswell⑨.NextEnglandandWaleswerejoinedto⑩Scotlandintheseventeenthcenturyandlaterthenamewaschangedto“GreatBritain”.Happilythiswasaccomplished⑪withoutconflict⑫whenKingJamesofScotlandbecameKingofEnglandandWalesaswell.FinallytheEnglishgovernmenttriedintheearlytwentiethcentury⑬toformtheUnitedKingdombygettingIrelandconnectedinthesamepeacefulway⑭.However,thesouthernpartofIrelandwasunwilling⑮andbrokeaway⑯toformitsowngovernment.SoonlyNorthernIrelandjoinedwithEngland,WalesandScotlandtobecometheUnitedKingdom⑰andthiswasshowntotheworldinanewflagcalledtheUnionJack⑱.①puzzlen．谜；难题②Wales[weIlz]威尔士(英)③Scotland['skɒtlənd]苏格兰(英)④NorthernIreland['aIələnd]北爱尔兰(英)⑤clarify['klærIfaI]vt.澄清；阐明⑥linkAtoB　把A与B连接、联合起来，此处为被动语态。⑦referto提及；涉及⑧findWalesincluded为“find＋宾语＋宾补”结构，过去分词included充当宾补。⑨aswell也；还；而且⑩joinAtoB　把A与B连接、联合起来，此处为被动语态。⑪accomplish[ə'kʌmplIʃ]vt.实现；完成；达到⑫conflict['kɒnflIkt]n．矛盾；冲突⑬intheearlytwentiethcentury在20世纪初⑭bygetting...为方式状语，其中gettingIrelandconnected为“get＋宾语＋宾n补”结构，过去分词connected作宾补。⑮unwilling[ˌʌn'wIlIŋ]adj.不愿意(的)；不乐意(的)beunwillingtodosth.不愿意做某事⑯breakaway(from)挣脱(束缚)；脱离⑰动词不定式短语tobecome...作结果状语。⑱theUnionJack英国国旗地理学的困惑[第1～2段译文]对于用不同词汇来描述英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰这四个国家，人们或许感到很奇怪。如果你学习英国历史，你就可以弄清楚这个问题。首先是英格兰。威尔士在公元13世纪时与英格兰是一体的。如今只要有人提起英格兰，你就会发现威尔士也是被包括在内的。接着英格兰和威尔士在17世纪同苏格兰合并，后来更名为“大不列颠”。令人庆幸的是，当苏格兰的詹姆斯国王也成为英格兰和威尔士的国王时并未经过战争。最后在20世纪初，英国政府试图以同样的和平方式把爱尔兰联合起来以形成联合王国。然而，爱尔兰的南部不愿意(组建联合王国)，它分离出去并建立了自己的政府。因此，只有北爱尔兰同英格兰、威尔士和苏格兰联合起来组成了联合王国，从向世界展示的新的英国国旗上就可以看出来。Totheircredit⑲thefourcountriesdoworktogether⑳insomeareas(eg,thecurrencyandinternationalrelations),buttheystillhaveverydifferentinstitutions.Forexample,NorthernIreland,EnglandandScotlandhavedifferenteducationalandlegalsystemsaswellasdifferentfootballteamsforcompetitionsliketheWorldCup！⑲credit['kredIt]n．信任；学分；赞扬；信贷toone’scredit为……带来荣誉；值得赞扬；在……名下⑳doworktogether中do表示强调，意为“确实；的确”。currency['kʌrənsI]n．货币；通货institution[ˌInstI'tjuːʃn]n．制度；机制；公共机构educational[ˌedjʊ'keIʃənl]adj.教育的legaladj.法律的；合法的[第3段译文]值得赞扬的是，虽然这四个国家的确在某些领域共同合作(比如，n在货币和国际关系上)，但它们在制度上仍存在着很大的区别。例如，北爱尔兰、英格兰和苏格兰有不同的教育及司法体系，它们也有各自的足球队去参加像世界杯这样的比赛！Englandisthelargestofthefourcountries,andforconvenienceitisdividedroughlyintothreezones.ThezonenearestFranceiscalledtheSouthofEngland,themiddlezoneiscalledtheMidlandsandtheonenearesttoScotlandisknownastheNorth.Youfindmostofthepopulationsettledinthesouth，butmostoftheindustrialcitiesintheMidlandsandtheNorthofEngland.Although,nationwide，thesecitiesarenotaslargeasthoseinChina,theyhaveworldfamousfootballteamsandsomeofthemevenhavetwo!Itisapitythattheindustrialcitiesbuiltinthenineteenthcenturydonotattractvisitors.ForhistoricalarchitectureyouhavetogotoolderbutsmallertownsbuiltbytheRomans.ThereyouwillfindoutmoreaboutBritishhistoryandculture.convenience[kən'viːnIəns]n．便利；方便forconvenience为了方便起见roughly['rʌflI]adv.粗略地(＝about)；粗糙地Midlands['mIdləndz]英格兰中部地区(英)nearestto...靠……最近的，用作后置定语，修饰theone。beknownas作为……而为人所知find...为“find＋宾语＋宾补”结构，过去分词短语settledinthesouth作宾补。nationwide[ˌneIʃən'waId]adj.全国性的；全国范围的adv.在全国范围内；就全国而论notaslargeas(＝notsolargeas)不如……那么大attract[ə'trækt]vt.吸引；引起注意在句子Itisapitythat...中，it为形式主语，that从句为真正的主语。在从句中，过去分词短语builtinthenineteenthcentury作后置定语，修饰theindustrialcities。nhistorical[hIs'tɒrIkl]adj.历史(上)的；有关历史的architecture['ɑːkItektʃə]n．建筑学；建筑艺术过去分词短语built...作后置定语，修饰towns。[第4段译文]在这四个国家中，英格兰是最大的。为方便起见，它大致可以划分为三个地区。最靠近法国的是英格兰南部，中部地区被称为英格兰中部，最靠近苏格兰的称为英格兰北部。你可以看到大多数人口定居在南部，但多数的大型工业城市在英格兰的中部和北部地区。虽然全国范围内，这些城市都不如中国的城市那样大，但是它们都有着世界闻名的足球队，有的城市甚至还有两个！可惜的是这些建于19世纪的工业城市对游客并没有吸引力。想游览古代建筑你得去那些最初由罗马人建造的更古老但是更小的城镇。在那儿你会了解更多的关于英国历史和文化的东西。ThegreatesthistoricaltreasureofallisLondonwithitsmuseums,artcollections，theatres,parksandbuildings.Itisthecentreofnationalgovernmentanditsadministration.IthastheoldestportbuiltbytheRomansinthefirstcenturyAD,theoldestbuildingbegunbytheAngloSaxonsinthe1060sandtheoldestcastleconstructedbylaterNormanrulersin1066.TherehavebeenfoursetsofinvadersofEngland.Thefirstinvaders,theRomans,lefttheirtownsandroads.Thesecond,theAngloSaxons，lefttheirlanguageandtheirgovernment.Thethird,theVikings，influencedthevocabularyandplacenamesoftheNorthofEngland,andthefourth,theNormans,leftcastlesandintroducednewwordsforfood.IfyoulookaroundtheBritishcountrysideyouwillfindevidenceofalltheseinvaders.YoumustkeepyoureyesopenifyouaregoingtomakeyourtriptotheUnitedKingdomenjoyableandworthwhile.collection[kə'lekʃn]n．收藏品；珍藏；收集administration[ədˌmInIs'treIʃn]n．管理；行政部门port[pɔːt]n．港口(城市)AngloSaxon[ˌæŋɡləʊ'sæksn]n．盎格鲁－撒克逊人adj.盎格鲁－撒克逊人的nconstructvt.建筑；建造Norman['nɔːmən]n．诺曼人；诺曼语adj.诺曼的；诺曼人(语)的在句子Ithas...in1066.中，theoldestport...,theoldestbuilding...和theoldestcastle...为并列宾语，后面的过去分词短语作定语，分别修饰前面的名词。theAngloSaxons为thesecond的同位语。Viking['vaIkIŋ]n．北欧海盗；斯堪的纳维亚人influencev．影响countryside['kʌntrIsaId]n.乡下；农村enjoyable[In'dʒɔIəbl]adj.令人愉快的；使人高兴的[第5～6段译文]最具历史意义的宝地是伦敦，它拥有博物馆、艺术珍品、剧院、公园以及各种建筑物。它是全国的政治和行政中心。它有公元1世纪由罗马人建造的最古老的港口，有由盎格鲁—撒克逊人始建于11世纪60年代的最古老的建筑，还有公元1066年由后来的诺曼人统治者建造的最古老的城堡。曾经有四批侵略者到过英国。第一批入侵者是罗马人，他们留下了他们的城镇和道路。接着是盎格鲁—撒克逊人，他们留下了他们的语言和政体。第三批是斯堪的纳维亚人，他们对词汇以及北部的地名产生了一定的影响。第四批是诺曼人，他们留下了城堡，并引入了新的表示食物名称的词语。如果你到英国的乡村看看，你会发现所有这些入侵者留下的证据。要使你的英国之行愉快且值得，你就必须留心观察。PrereadingPleasematchthewordswiththeirpropermeanings.1．clarify　　　　A．havingasurfacethatisnotflatorregular2．creditB．notwantingtodosth.andrefusingtodoit3．uniteC．tosucceedindoingorcompletingsth.4．accomplishD．asituationinwhichpeople,groupsorcountriesareinvolvedinaseriousdisagreementorargument5．roughE．tomakesth.cleareroreasiertounderstand6．nationwideF．tojointogetherwithotherpeopleinordertodosth.asnagroup7．conflictG．praiseorapprovalbecauseyouareresponsibleforsth.goodthathashappened8．unwillingH．happeningorexistinginallpartsofaparticularcountry9．attractI．thequalityofbeinguseful,easyorsuitableforsb.10．convenienceJ．tomakesb.interestedin,likeoradmiresth.orsb.1～5　________　　6～10　________答案：1～5　EGFCA　6～10　HDBJILeadinMatchthepictureswiththeproperintroductions.1．__C__Thequeen—theheadofstate,butinnameonly.ThemostpowerfuloneisthePrimeMinister,whocontrolseverythingintheUK.2．__D__Thelongestriver—theRiverThames.3．__B__Itscapital—London,wheretheOlympicGameswasheldthreetimes.4．__A__Themap—theUnitedKingdomactuallyincludesfourcountries:England,Scotland,WalesandNorthernIreland.WhilereadingFastreadingSkimthetextandchoosethebestanswers.1．Whatismainlydiscussedinthispassage?A．ThehistoryoftheUnitedKingdom.B．ThegeographyoftheUnitedKingdom.C．ThepeopleoftheUnitedKingdom.nD．ThepoliticsoftheUnitedKingdom.答案：A2．Findthemainideaofeachparagraph.Para.1　　　　A．Explainsthedifferencesinthefourcountries.Para.2B．ExplainshowtheUKcameintobeing.Para.3C．ExplainshowEnglandisdividedintothreezones.Para.4D．Introducesthetopictothereaders.Paras.5&6E．ExplainstheimportanceofLondonasaculturalandpoliticalcentreintheUK.Para.1________　Para.2________　Para.3________Para.4________　Paras.5&6________答案：Para.1——D　　　　Para.2——BPara.3——APara.4——CParas.5&6——ECarefulreadingReadthetextandchoosethebestanswers.1．WhenwereEnglandandWaleslinkedtoScotland?A．Inthe13thcenturyAD.B．WhenGreatBritainwasformed.C．WhenthesouthernIrelandformeditsowngovernment.D．WhenKingJamesbecameKingofEnglandandWales.2．WheredoyouhavetogoifyouwanttofindmoreaboutBritishhistoryandculture?A．Industrialcities.B．OlderbutsmallertownsfirstbuiltbytheRomans.C．TheMidlandsofEngland.D．TheNorthofEngland.3．WhichinvadersinfluencedLondon’slanguagemost?A．AngloSaxons.　　　　　　B．Romans.C．Normans.D．Vikings.4．Fromthepassage,weknowthat________.A．allthefourcountriessharethesameeducationalsystemsnB．theRomanscametoEnglandbeforetheAngloSaxonsC．itwaseasyforNorthernIrelandtojoinEngland,ScotlandandWalesD．mostoftheindustriesareintheSouthofEngland5．HowmanycountriesdoestheUKconsistof?A．Two.B．Three.C．Four.D．Five.答案：1～5　DBABCStudyreadingAnalyzethefollowingdifficultsentencesinthetext.1．FinallytheEnglishgovernmenttriedintheearlytwentiethcenturytoformtheUnitedKingdombygettingIrelandconnectedinthesamepeacefulway.2．[句式分析]　这是一个简单句。在搭配tryto中间插入时间状语intheearlytwentiethcentury；介词短语bygettingIrelandconnectedinthesamepeacefulway在句中作方式状语；其中getting后接复合宾语，过去分词connected作Ireland的宾语补足语。[尝试翻译]　最后在20世纪初，英国政府试图以同样的和平方式把爱尔兰联合起来以形成联合王国。2．SoonlyNorthernIrelandjoinedwithEngland,WalesandScotlandtobecometheUnitedKingdomandthiswasshowntotheworldinanewflagcalledtheUnionJack.[句式分析]　第二个and连接两个并列分句。第一分句中tobecometheUnitedKingdom是结果状语，表示北爱尔兰加入之后的结果。第二分句中过去分词短语calledtheUnionJack作后置定语，修饰anewflag。[尝试翻译]　因此，只有北爱尔兰同英格兰、威尔士和苏格兰联合起来组成了联合王国，这从向世界展示的新的英国国旗上就可以看出来。3．IthastheoldestportbuiltbytheRomansinthefirstcenturyAD,theoldestbuildingbegunbytheAngloSaxonsinthe1060sandtheoldestcastleconstructedbylaterNormanrulersin1066.[句式分析]　这是一个较为复杂的简单句。动词has后接三个宾语：theoldestport；theoldestbuilding；theoldestcastle；每个宾语都含有一个过去分词短语作后置定语。[尝试翻译]　它有公元1世纪由罗马人建造的最古老的港口，有由盎格鲁—撒克逊人始建于11世纪60年代的最古老的建筑，还有公元1066年由后来的诺曼人统治者建造的最古老的城堡。4．YoumustkeepyoureyesopenifyouaregoingtomakeyourtriptotheUnitedKingdomenjoyableandworthwhile.n[句式分析]　[尝试翻译]　要使你的英国之行愉快且值得，你就必须留心观察。Ⅰ.阅读理解AThereareover60zoosinEngland.Wehavecollectedhundredsofreviews,checkedthezoowebsites,researchedseveralzoorelatedresourcesandvisitedmanyofthembyourselvestogiveyouthisselection:10bestzoosinEngland.ChesterZooAmongtop15zoosintheworld,itisoneofthemostvisitedandlargestzoosinEngland.WhipsnadeZooWithmorethan2,500animals,itisoneofthefewUKzooswithelephants.MarwellWildlifeFullofAfricanandAustraliananimals,thereissurelyalottoseewithinverylargegrounds.HowlettsWildAnimalParkItwassetupasaprivatezooatfirstandopenedtothepubliclater.Theplacelooksverynaturalandyoucangetveryclosetotheanimalsthere.PortLympneWildAnimalParkWithBritain’slargestnumberofAfricanelephants,itofferstrulyAfricanexperiences.ColchesterZooWith270＋species,itisverychildfriendlyandofferslotsofhandsonactivities.TwycrossZooItholdswhatissupposedtobetheworld’slargestcollectionofapes(猿).Therearealsorareleopardspecies.BristolZooGardensThisisa175yearoldzoowithrareanimalslikefruitbats(果蝠)．nPaigntonZooAshometoacollectionofaround2,000animalsand1,600plantspecies,itisoneofthefirstplacesinEnglandcombiningzoologicalandbotanical(植物的)gardens.LondonZooAsoneoftheldestzoosintheworld,itiswellworthavisit.语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章向我们介绍了英国最好的10家动物园。1．MarwellWildlifewouldattractthosewhowantto______.A．knowmoreaboutelephantsB．visittheoldestzooinEnglandC．seesomerareanimalspeciesD．watchAfricanandAustraliananimals解析：选D　推理判断题。根据MarwellWildlife中介绍的“FullofAfricanandAustraliananimals”可知，这家动物园有很多来自非洲和澳大利亚的动物，故答案选D。2．Amongthe10zoos,thebestoneforchildrenis________.A．HowlettsWildAnimalParkB．ColchesterZooC．TwycrossZooD．LondonZoo解析：选B　细节理解题。根据ColchesterZoo中介绍的“itisverychildfriendlyandofferslotsofhandsonactivities”可知，这家动物园最适合孩子，故答案选B。3．WhatisthefeatureofPaigntonZoo?A．Ithasbothanimalandplantspecies.B．Ithasthelargestnumberofanimals.C．Touristscangetclosetotheanimalsthere.D．Itholdstheworld’slargestcollectionofplantspecies.解析：选A　细节理解题。根据PaigntonZoo的简介可知这家动物园除了动物还有1600多种植物，并且是英国首家动植物园之一，故答案选A。4．Thepassageismeantto________.A．compare10zoosB．attractkidstozoosC．introduce10popularzoosD．showthehistoryof10zoosn解析：选C　目的意图题。根据文章首段内容可知，本文主要介绍了英国最好的10家动物园，故答案选C。BLondonersaregreatreaders.Theybuylargenumbersofnewspapers,magazinesandbooks—especiallypaperbacks(平装书),whicharestillcheapinspiteofeverincreasingrisesinthecostsofprinting.Theystillcontinuetobuy“proper”books,too,printedongoodpaper.TherearemanystreetsinLondoncontainingshopswhichspecializeinbookselling.PerhapsthebestknownoftheseisCharingCrossRoadintheveryheartofLondon.Herebookshopsofallsortsandsizesaretobefound,fromthecelebratedonewhichissaidtobe“thebiggestbookshopintheworld”tothetiny,dustylittleplaceswhichseemtohavebeenleftoverfromDickens’time.Someoftheseshopsstock,orwillmakeeffortstoget,anykindofbook,butmanyofthemspecializeinsecondhandbooks,inartbooks,inforeignbooks,inbooksoneconomics,politicsoranyothersubjectsaboutwhichbooksmaybewritten.Oneshopinthisareaspecializesonlyinbooksaboutballet.AlthoughitmaybethemostconvenientplaceforLondonerstobuybooks,CharingCrossRoadisnotthecheapest.Forreallycheapsecondhandbooks,collectorsmustventure_off_the_beaten_track,_toFarringdonRoad,intheEastCentraldistrictofLondon.Herethereisnothingsoimpressiveasbookshops.Thebooksellerscomealongeachmorningandputlotsofbooksontosmallhandcarts(手推车)whichlinethestreets.Thecollectors,someprofessionalsandsomeamateurs(业余爱好者),whohavebeenwaitingforthem,runquicklytowardsthebooks.Inplaceslikethisonecanstill,occasionally,pickupforafewpenceanoldbookthatmaybeworthmanypounds.语篇解读：伦敦人酷爱读书。本文介绍了在伦敦能买书的一些地方。5．“Londonersaregreatreaders”meansthat________.A．LondonersaregreatbecausetheyreadalotB．thereareagreatnumberofreadersinLondonC．LondonersarereaderswhoreadonlygreatbooksD．Londonersreadalot解析：选D　句意理解题。根据文章大意及第一段中的“Theybuylargenumbersofnewspapers,magazinesandbooks”可以推断出伦敦人喜欢阅读。故D项正确。6．Accordingtothispassage,CharingCrossRoad________.nA．isinthesuburbsofLondonB．isfamousforitsbookshopsC．containsvariouskindsofshopsD．isthebusieststreetinLondon解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的一、二句“Therearemanystreetsin...intheveryheartofLondon.”可知B项正确。7．Inthispassage,whatdoestheunderlinedpart“ventureoffthebeatentrack”mean?A．Buybooksinamostbusystreet.B．Moveawayfromabusystreet.C．Wastetimelookingforbooks.D．Takeariskoflosingone’slife.解析：选B　词义猜测题。由下文语境可知，在伦敦东部沿街有很多书商把书放在手推车上卖，在那儿花几便士就能买到价值很多英镑的书。也就是说要想买便宜的二手书，需要从繁忙的街道到僻静的地方，故B项正确。8．Thebesttopicforthispassageis“________”．A．bookshopsinLondonB．thebiggestbookshopintheworldC．CharingCrossRoadD．buyingbooksinLondon解析：选A　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述的是伦敦的书店，从出名的书店到街边小推车，故A项正确。CInBritain,manytheatresputonshowsforchildrenatChristmasandmanytheatreshaveatheatreineducationteamworkingthere.Thisteam,madeupofactorsandteachers,writesplaysforchildren,usuallyperformingtheminschools.Theydodifferentplaysfordifferentagegroupsandthechildrenoftentakepartintheplayinsomeway.PantomimeisaspecialkindofChristmasshowforchildren.Itislovedbypeopleandalsoallowstheaudience(观众)tojoinin.“Pantomime”wasthenameoftheRomanactorwhoperformedshowswithoutspeaking—thisiswheretheEnglishword“mime”comesfrom.Apantomimeisalwaysbasedonawellknownchildren’sstory.Buttherearealwayscertaintypesofcharactersintheshowandcertainsituationsandevents.Forexample,napantomimemustalwaysincludeahero,knownasthe“principalboy”andthisprincipalboyisalwaysplayedbyaprettygirlwearingashortcostume(服装).Thenthereisthecomicolderwoman,knownasthe“dame”whoisplayedbyaman.Thereisalwaysagroupofmenandwomenwhosinganddanceandoftenthereisapantomimehorse.Thehorseisplayedbytwomenwhoformthe“front”and“back”endsinsidea“horse”costume.Itisfunnyanditusuallykicksthedamewhensheisn’tlooking.Membersoftheaudiencehavetoshoutawarningtooneofthecharactersandargue(争论)withthecharacter(usuallythedame)whenshedoesnotbelievethem.Whensheshouts,“Ohno,itisn’t，”theaudiencealwaysrespondswith“Ohyes，itis！”Theaudiencealsolearnsandsingsasimplesongandafewchildrenaresometimesinvitedtohelponeofthecharactersduringtheshow.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要向我们介绍了英国每年圣诞节期间颇受欢迎的一种童话剧。9．Thetheatreineducationteams________.A．aremadeupoffamouslocalactorsB．writeplaysforthesameagegroupC．oftengiveplaysintheirowntheatresD．usuallyallowchildrentojoininaplay解析：选D　细节理解题。由第一段中的“thechildrenoftentakepartintheplay”可知，D项说法正确。10．Accordingtothetext,apantomime________.A．isdesignedtomakepeoplelaughB．ismadeupofthreecharactersC．isespeciallypopularwithgrownupsD．canbewatchedallyearroundinBritain解析：选A　细节理解题。由第三段中的“thisprincipalboyisalwaysplayedbyaprettygirl,thecomicolderwoman...isplayedbyaman”和“Itisfunny”等信息可知，圣诞童话剧以逗笑为主，故选A项。11．Whenthedamesays,“Yes,itis”，theaudienceshould________.A．followherandsingB．standupanddanceC．repeatwhatshesaysD．disagreewithherloudlyn解析：选D　细节理解题。由最后一段中的“Membersoftheaudiencehaveto...argue(争论)withthecharacter(usuallythedame)”和“Whensheshouts，’Ohno，itisn’t，’theaudiencealwaysrespondswith’Ohyes,itis！’”可知，观众应该说些和老女人的话相反的话，故选D项。Ⅱ.阅读七选五Lifeisjustlikeabox.Insideitarehappinessandsorrow,failureandsuccess,hopeanddespair.Lifeisalearningprocess.Experiencesinitteachusnewlessonsandmakeusabetterperson.LoveLoveplaysakeyroleinourlife.Lovemakesyoufeelwanted.Withoutloveapersoncouldbecomecruelandviolent.Intheearlystageofourlife,ourparentsaretheoneswhoshowuswithunconditionalloveandcare.Theytelluswhatisrightorwrong,goodorbad.__1__.Itisonlyaftermarriageandhavingkidsthatapersonunderstandsandbecomessensitivetothefeelingsofothers.Kidsmakeapersonresponsibleandmatureandhelpustounderstandlifebetter.HappinessandsorrowMaterialistichappinessisshortlived,buthappinessachievedbybringingasmileonothersgivesacertainleveloffulfillment.__2__.Nomindishappywithoutpeace.Werealizethetrueworthofhappinesswhenweareinsorrow.Sorrowisbasicallyduetodeathofalovedone,failureanddespair.Butthesethingsaretemporaryandwillpassaway.　Failureandsuccess__3__.Ithelpsustotouchthesky,teachesustosurviveandshowsusaspecificway.HopeanddespairHopeiswhatkeepslifegoing.Parentsalwayshopetheirchildrenwilldowell.Hopemakesusdream.Hopebuildsinpatience.__4__，becauseaftereverynightthereisaday.Nothingremainsthesame.Wehaveonlyonechoice—keepmovingoninlifeandbehopeful.Lifeteachesusnottoregretoveryesterday,forithaspassedandberightordull.__5__，sothatwewillenjoyabettertomorrow.A．LifeteachesusnottodespaireveninthedarkesthourB．SotheonlyalternativeistoworkhardtodayC．ButwealwaystendtotakethisforgrantednD．SuccessliesintrustingyourselfE．Solet’senjoyeverydayF．FailureisthepathtosuccessG．Peaceofmindisthemainlinktohappiness语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。生活充满了喜怒哀乐，充满了失败与成功，也充满了希望与绝望。生活是一个学习的过程，它告诉我们许多的真理。1．选C　第一空前提到只有父母会无条件地爱我们，第一空后又讲到只有结婚、生子之后才能体会到那种情感。由此推断第一空选C项最合适。2．选G　第二空后一句提到没有平静的心态，人是不会快乐的。由此可知，此处选G项。3．选F　根据本段标题Failureandsuccess以及第三空后一句“Ithelpsustotouchthesky...”可知，选F项“失败是通向成功之路”最合适。4．选A　本段标题为Hopeanddespair，第四空前提到希望让生活得以继续，希望让我们有梦想，第四空的原因状语从句提到因为黑夜过后总会迎来黎明，因此此处选A项，生活告诉人们即使在最黑暗的日子也不要绝望。5．选B　本段第一句提到昨天已经过去，不必后悔，那么只有今天努力，才会有美好的明天。故选B项。