2019年高中英语unit4makingthenewssectionⅰwarmingup 16页

Unit4MakingthenewsNewspapers•Theprintednewspaperfirstappearedin1450inEurope.•Thedailywaspublishedforthefirsttimein1650.•NewsofFrankfort(《法兰克福新闻》)publishedin1615isregardedasthefirst“realnewspaper”.•Waizhongxinbao(《外中新报》)wasthefirstpublishedChinesenewspaperin1858.ItwasestablishedinHongKong.TVJohnLogieBaird,theScottishinventor,obtainedtheworld’sfirstrealtelevisionpictureinhislaboratoryinOctober,1925,andshowedittotheBritishpubliconJanuary26,1926.Heisrememberedasthefatherofmechanical(机械式)television.Websites•ThestoryoftheInternetbeginsinthelate1950s.ThePentagonsetuparesearchteamin1958tocreateacomputernetworktooperateduringdisasterslikeanuclearwar.•In1985,theNationalScienceFoundationcreatedanetworkwhichprovidedafreenationalservicetoanyU．S.researchandeducationinstitution.AllthosenetworksfinallyjoinedthePentagon’snetworktoformtheInternet.•Inthe1990s,anyonewithacomputer,amodern,andInternetsoftwarecouldlinkuptotheInternet.nSection_ⅠWarmingUp&Reading—PrereadingMYFIRSTWORKASSIGNMENT①“Unforgettable②”，saysnewjournalist③NeverwillZhouYang(ZY)forgethisfirstassignmentattheofficeofapopularEnglishnewspaper.Hisdiscussionwithhisnewboss,HuXin(HX),wastostronglyinfluencehislife④asajournalist.HX：Welcome.We’redelighted⑤you’recoming⑥toworkwithus.Yourfirstjobherewillbeanassistant⑦journalist.Doyouhaveanyquestions?ZY：CanIgoouton⑧astoryimmediately?HX：(laughing)That’sadmirable⑨，butI’mafraiditwouldbeunusual⑩！Waittillyou’remoreexperienced.Firstwe’llputyouas⑪anassistanttoanexperiencedjournalist.Lateryoucancover⑫astoryandsubmit⑬thearticleyourself.ZY：Wonderful.WhatdoIneedtotakewithme？Ialreadyhaveanotebookandcamera.①assignment[ə'saInmənt]n．任务；分配②unforgettable[ˌʌnfə'ɡetəbl]adj.难忘的；永远记得的③journalist['dʒɜːnəlIst]n．记者；新闻工作者④wastodosth.在此处表示“必将/注定做某事”。⑤delighted[dI'laItId]adj.快乐的；欣喜的bedelighted(that)...对……感到高兴⑥arecoming为现在进行时，表示将来。⑦assistant[ə'sIstənt]n．助手；助理；售货员⑧onprep.在从事……；处于……情况中⑨admirable['ædmərəbl]adj.值得赞扬的；令人钦佩的⑩unusual[ʌn'juːʒʊəl]adj.不同寻常的；独特的⑪put...as...把……视为/列为……⑫covervt.采访；报道；覆盖⑬submit[səb'mIt]vt.递交；呈递(文件等)(常与to连用)n我的第一项工作任务“难以忘怀”，新记者说[以上部分译文]周阳永远不会忘记他在一家很受欢迎的英语报社的第一项工作任务。他同新上司胡新的讨论对他的记者生涯必将产生重大的影响。胡：欢迎你。非常高兴你来和我们一起工作。你在这里首先是当助理记者。有什么问题吗？周：我可以马上外出采访吗？胡：(笑)值得表扬，但是恐怕这样就不太合乎常规了！等到你比较有经验以后才行。首先我们要派你给有经验的记者做助手。以后你就可以自己采访新闻，提交新闻稿了。周：太棒了。我需要带什么？我已经有一个笔记本和一部相机了。HX：Noneedforacamera.You’llhaveaprofessional⑭photographer⑮withyoutotakephotographs⑯.You’llfindyourcolleagues⑰veryeager⑱toassist⑲you,soyoumaybeabletoconcentrateon⑳photographylaterifyou’reinterested.ZY：Thankyou.NotonlyamIinterestedinphotography，butItookanamateurcourseatuniversitytoupdatemyskills.HX：Good.ZY：WhatdoIneedtorememberwhenIgoouttocoverastory?HX：Youneedtobecurious.Onlyifyouaskmanydifferentquestionswillyouacquirealltheinformationyouneedtoknow.Wesayagoodjournalistmusthaveagood“nose”forastory.Thatmeansyoumustbeabletoassesswhenpeoplearenottellingthewholetruthandthentrytodiscoverit.Theymustuseresearchtoinformthemselvesofthemissingpartsofthestory.⑭professional[prə'feʃənl]adj.专业的；职业的n．专业人员，profession[prə'feʃn]n．职业；专业⑮photographer[fə'tɒɡrəfə]n．摄影师⑯photograph['fəʊtəɡrɑːf]n．照片vt.给……照相⑰colleague['kɒliːɡ]n．同事⑱eager['iːɡə]adj.渴望的；热切的beeagertodosth.渴望做某事⑲assist[ə'sIst]vt.帮助；协助；援助⑳concentrate['kɒnsəntreIt]on集中；全神贯注于nphotography[fə'tɒɡrəfI]n．摄影amateur['æmətə]n．业余爱好者coursen．[C]课程；进程；过程update[ˌʌp'deIt]vt.更新；使现代化Notonly＋部分倒装句，but(also)＋陈述语序。acquire[ə'kwaIə]vt.获得；取得；学到only＋if/when引导的状语从句置于句首时，主句用部分倒装语序。haveagood“nose”for对……有敏锐的“嗅觉”assess[ə'ses]vt.评估；评定(＝judge)inform[In'fɔːm]vt.告知；通知informsb.ofsth.告知某人某事[以上部分译文]胡：不需要相机。你将带上一名专业摄影师去拍照。你将发现你的同事们会很热情地帮助你，因此如果你对摄影感兴趣，也许以后你可以集中精力去研究它。周：谢谢你。对摄影我不仅只是感兴趣，在大学里我还选修过业余摄影课来更新我的摄影技术。胡：很好。周：我外出采访时还需要记住些什么呢？胡：你需要保持好奇心。只有提很多不同的问题，你才能获得你需要的信息。我们说，一个好的记者必须对新闻有非常敏锐的“嗅觉”。那就是说，在人们还没有说出全部真相之前，记者就要能够作出判断，并力求发现真相。他们必须通过调查研究来获悉被遗漏的那部分情况。ZY：WhatshouldIkeepinmind？HX：Herecomesmylistofdosanddon’ts：don’tmissyourdeadline，don’tberude,don’ttalktoomuch,butmakesureyoulistentotheintervieweecarefully.ZY：Whyislisteningsoimportant?HX：Well，youhavetolistenfordetailedfacts.Meanwhileyouhavetopreparenthenextquestiondependingonwhatthepersonsays.ZY：ButhowcanIlistencarefullywhiletakingnotes？HX：Thisisatrickofthetrade.Iftheintervieweeagrees,youcanusearecordertogetthefactsstraight.It’salsousefulifapersonwantstochallengeyou.Youhavetheevidencetosupportyourstory.ZY：Isee！Haveyoueverhadacasewheresomeoneaccusedyourjournalistsofgettingthewrongendofthestick？keep(sth.)inmind记住(某事)，句中what为keep的宾语。deadline['dedlaIn]n．最后期限interviewee[ˌIntəvjuː'iː]n．参加面试者；接受采访者interviewern．面试者；采访者detailedadj.详细的；细致的；精细的meanwhile['miːnwaIl]adv.其间；同时dependon依靠；依赖，此处用现在分词短语作状语。whatthepersonsays为宾语从句，作介词on的宾语。takenotes做记录；记笔记atrickofthetrade行业诀窍，trade此处意为“行业，职业”。getthefactsstraight澄清是非；把事实弄得准确无误challengevt.对……提出质疑；挑战case[keIs]n．情况；病例；案例accuse...of因……指责或控告……accuse[ə'kjuːz]vt.指责；谴责；控告getthewrongendofthestick完全误解；弄错[以上部分译文]周：我还要注意些什么呢？n胡：下面是我的行为准则：不要超过最后期限，不可对人粗鲁，不可自己说得太多，务必认真倾听被采访人的回答。周：为什么倾听这么重要呢？胡：你得听清楚事实的细节。同时，你还要根据被采访人所说的话准备提出下一个问题。周：但是我在做记录的同时如何仔细倾听呢？胡：这就是我们职业的诀窍了。如果被采访人允许，你可以使用录音机录下全部事实。如果有人提出质疑，这也有用。你就有证据来支持你的报道。周：我明白了！你有没有遇到过这种情况：别人控告你的记者，说他(她)们的报道完全失实？HX：Yes,butitwasalongtimeago.Thisishowthestorygoes.Afootballerwasaccusedoftakingmoneyfordeliberatelynotscoringgoalssoastolettheotherteamwin.Wewenttointerviewhim.Hedeniedtakingmoneybutweweresceptical.Sowearrangedaninterviewbetweenthefootballerandthemansupposedtobribehim.Whenwesawthemtogetherweguessedfromthefootballer’sbodylanguagethathewasnottellingthetruth.Sowewroteanarticlesuggestinghewasguilty.Itwasadilemmabecausethefootballercouldhavedemandeddamagesifwewerewrong.Hetriedtostopuspublishingitbutlaterwewereprovedright.ZY：Wow！Thatwasareal“scoop”．I’mlookingforwardtomyfirstassignmentnow.PerhapsI’llgetascooptoo!HX：Perhapsyouwill.Youneverknow.govi.流传；表达；进展deliberately[dI'lIbərətlI]adv.故意地scoregoals进球soastodosth.为了做……，作目的状语。deny[dI'naI]vt.否认；拒绝sceptical['skeptIkl]adj.怀疑的(美skeptical)guilty['ɡIltI]adj.犯罪的；有罪的；内疚的dilemma[dI'lemə]n．(进退两难的)困境；窘境ndemand[dI'mɑːnd]n．需求；要求vt.强烈要求publish['pʌblIʃ]vt.出版；发行；发表；公布provesb.(tobe)＋adj./n.证明某人……scoop[skuːp]n．抢先获得的新闻、利润等；勺子；铲子[以上部分译文]胡：有，不过这是很久以前的事了。事情是这样的：一位足球运动员被指控受贿，故意不进球，好让别的队赢球。我们去采访了他。他否认受贿，但我们很怀疑。因此我们为足球运动员和那个被认为行贿的人安排了一场采访。当我们看见他们在一起时，从足球运动员的身体语言我们猜出他没有说出真相。所以我们写了一篇文章暗示他曾受贿。这陷入了一个窘境，因为如果我们错了，这位足球运动员就可以向我们索要赔偿。他试图阻止我们公布该消息，但后来我们被证明是对的。周：哇！那真是独家新闻。我现在盼望得到第一个任务。或许我也能找到独家新闻！胡：你也许会。谁知道呢。PrereadingPleasematchthewordswiththeirpropermeanings.1．delighted　　A．helpsomeone2．admirableB．strange;nothappeningoften3．unusualC．giveaplan,pieceofwritingetc.tosomeoneinauthorityforthemtoconsiderorapprove4．assistD．worthyofadmiration5．submitE．verypleased;happy6．professionF．wantverymuchtodosomething7．eagerG．decideorfixthevalueof(sth.)8．updateH．gainsth.byyourownefforts,abilityorbehaviour9．acquireI．ajob;anoccupationwhichneedsspecialtraining10．assessJ．bringsth.uptodate;modernize11．informK．feelashamed12．meanwhileL．saystronglythatyoumusthavesth.13．guiltyM．giveinformationorknowledgeto14．demandN．atthesametime1～5　________　6～10　________　11～14　________n答案：1～5　EDBAC　6～10　IFJHG　11～14　MNKLLeadinHowdoyouknowwhatishappeningaroundusorevenabroad?WhilereadingFastreading1．Whatisthepurposeofthewritertowritethepassage?Toshowusthenecessaryskillstobecomeagoodreporter.2．Matcheachsectionwiththeirmainmeaningsaccordingtothedutiesofajournalist.①Section1　　　A．toprotectastoryfromaccusations②Section2B．togetanaccuratestory③Section3C．toworkinateam①________　②________　③________答案：①C　②B　③ACarefulreadingReadthetextandchoosethebestanswers.1．WhichoneisFALSEabout“whatareporterneedstorememberwhengoingouttocoverastory？”A．Heneedstobecurious.B．Agoodreportermusthaveacamera.C．Hehastolistentothedetailedfacts.D．Ifnecessaryhecanusearecorder.2．“Agoodreportermusthavea’nose’forastory.”probablymeansareporter________.A．hasasenseaboutwhatisgoingtohappenB．isabletohideastorythatmayreflectbadlyonhimnC．isabletoaskthetruthfromtheonewhoisinterviewedD．coversawholestoryfromtheinterviewee3．AccordingtoHuXin,whichstatementdoesn’tbelongtothelistofdon’ts?A．Don’tmissthedeadline.B．Don’ttalktoomuch.C．Don’tberude.D．Don’ttakeanynoteswhilelistening.4．WhycannotZhouYanggooutonastoryatonce?A．Becauseheisnotexperiencedyet.B．Becausehecan’tgetascoop.C．Becauseheisnotcuriousenough.D．Becausehedoesn’tknowthelistofdosanddon’ts.答案：1～4　BADAStudyreadingAnalyzethefollowingdifficultsentencesinthetext.1．SupposeyouweretobeajournalistforChinaDaily,doyouknowwhatkindsofjobstheyhave?[句式分析]　这是一个主从复合句。SupposeyouweretobeajournalistforChinaDaily实际是一个条件状语从句，并采用与现在事实相反的虚拟语气；后面的doyouknow...是主句。[尝试翻译]　假设你要成为一名《中国日报》的记者，你知道他们有哪些工种吗？2．You’llfindyourcolleaguesveryeagertoassistyou,soyoumaybeabletoconcentrateonphotographylaterifyou’reinterested.[句式分析]　[尝试翻译]　你将发现你的同事们会很热情地帮助你。因此如果你对摄影感兴趣，也许以后你可以集中精力去研究它。3．NotonlyamIinterestedinphotography,butItookanamateurcourseatuniversitytoupdatemyskills.[句式分析]　本句中notonly...but(also)...连接两个并列分句，且notonly后的分句采用了部分倒装结构。n[尝试翻译]　对摄影我不仅只是感兴趣，在大学里我还选修过业余摄影课来更新我的摄影技术。4．Onlyifyouaskmanydifferentquestionswillyouacquirealltheinformationyouneedtoknow.[句式分析]　本句是倒装句，其正常语序是Youwillacquirealltheinformationyouneedtoknowonlyifyouaskmanydifferentquestions。[尝试翻译]　只有提很多不同的问题，你才能获得你需要的信息。Ⅰ.阅读理解AEDMONTON,CANADA—TheEtzioisoneoftheoldestbuildingsinoneofthecity’soldestneighbourhoods,butit’ssettobeknockeddown.Edmontoniansarehopingmorecanbedonetopreserve(保留)moreofthecity’shistory.“Thereasontheareaispopularinthefirstplaceisbecauseit’sahistoricneighbourhood.AndIthinkit’simportantthatwepreservethathistory，”saidMarkWilson,ownerofVividPrint,ashoponWhyteAvenueat103Street.Wilson’sbusinessislocatedinabuildingtwodoorsdownfromtheEtzio,abuildingthatismorethanacenturyold.Butafter117yearsonWhyteAvenue,thebuildingiscomingdowntomakewayforanewthreefloordevelopment.“Ithasbecomeacceptabletosimplypulldownoldbuildingsandputupnewbuildingsthatlookold，”saidWilson.“Thewordsonthesidewalksheresayhistoricarea.Well,it’snothistoricifallthebuildingsare10yearsold.”It’samovethatdisappointsWilsonandothersonthestreetwhobelievemoreshouldbedonetokeepthecharacterofEdmonton.“Ithinkinthisareait’simportantbecauseitkeepstheflavourofEdmonton,andEdmontonisknownforWhyteAve.，”saidawomanonSaturdayafternoon.“Someoftheoldcultureshouldstillbethere,Ithink，”addedamanwhowaswalkingalongthestreet.“ItmakesEdmontonunique(独一无二的).Withoutit,_itjustbecomesanothermalloritcouldbeanyothercityintheworld.”Wilson—lookingfondlyattheoldbuilding—believesalittlepieceofhistoryislostwitheverybuildingthat’storndown.AftertheEtziobuildingistorndown,theOldStrathconaHotelandtheRossbuildingwillbetheonlytwobuildingsleftfromthe1800s.n语篇解读：本文是一则新闻报道。古建筑面临拆除，市民多有不舍。1．WhydoesWilsonconsidertheEtzioimportant?A．Ithelpshimdevelophisbusiness.B．Hisneighbourslivethere.C．It’sasymbolofhistory.D．Hisshopisinsideit.解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“becauseit’sahistoricneighbourhood”可知，Wilson认为Etzio重要是因为它是有着100多年悠久历史的古建筑，是历史的见证。2．InWilson’seyes,whatwillbedonetothecityis______.A．acceptable　　　　　　　　B．popularC．unpleasantD．strange解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第四段Wilson说的话和第五段中的“It’samovethatdisappointsWilson”可以推测，Wilson对于拆除Etzio这一做法感到不愉快。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inthetextreferto?A．TheEtziobuilding.B．Theoldculture.C．Edmonton.D．Thestreet.解析：选B　代词指代题。倒数第三段中连续出现了四个代词it；我们先来分析第一个it：ItmakesEdmontonunique，这句中的It指代上一句中的Someoftheoldculture；接着的这句Withoutit,itjustbecomesanothermalloritcouldbeanyothercityintheworld中的第一个it指代的也是theoldculture，第二、三个it均指代Edmonton。该段的大意为：古老的文化应该保留下来，这些古老的文化使得Edmonton很独特；如果没有这些古老的文化，那么Edmonton这个地方就会变成另一个商场，或者和世界上的任何一座城市没什么区别。4．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．117yearoldbuildingtobetorndownB．NewdevelopmentbeingmetwithdisagreementsC．EdmontonbusinessownermakesamoveD．OldbuildingsinEdmontonfaceanuncertainfuture解析：选A　标题归纳题。本文是一则新闻报道，文章首段就点明了主旨，即：TheEtzioisoneoftheoldestbuildingsinoneofthecity’soldestneighbourhoods，butit’ssettobeknockeddown。由此可知，A项作标题统领了全文。BFREMONT,Calif.—AmongalargegroupofpeoplewhoarestartingSiliconValleycompaniesandwebsites,it’shardtofindonemoreinspiringthan17yearoldSurayanShivji.AfterteachingherselftoprogramiPhonegamingapps(应用软件)andgettingthempostedonApple’sAppStore,theFremontteenisusingthem—alongwithacrowdfundingcampaign(大众筹资活动)shebeganthisyearonherwebsite,Rizikitoto—toraisemoneyforAfricanorphans(孤儿)．Sofar,RizikitotohashelpedSurayaraiseaboutD|S1,300forthechildren,withmoneyfromeachappgiventoaparticularchild.Surayatalkedaboutherplansinaninterview.Q：Whatcausedyoutowanttohelpthesechildren?A：IwenttoAfricaacoupleofyearsago,andmysisterandIvolunteeredatanorphanageinUganda.MostofthechildrenIworkedwithwere10and11.Theorphanswerereallytalentedandreallybright.Ijustsawtheneed.Ilikedtheideathatanyonelikemecouldhelp.Q：Whatmadeyouthinkofusingyourgamingapps?A：Itaughtmyselfhowtoprogramafewyearsago.Theappsaregreat.ButIdidn’twantthemtojustsitontheAppStoreasstupidgames.AndthenIthoughtofconnectingeachonetoakidattheorphanageIworkedat.Sothat’showitstarted.Q：Doyoumakemoneybyhavingpeoplepaytodownloadthem?A：Acoupleofthemmustbepaidforbuttherestarefreewithadvertisements.Thefirstoneswerefree,becauseIwantedtoget_things_rolling.ButI’mprettysurefromnowonI’llhaveallofthempaidfor,becauseit’sthebestwaytogrowsuccessfully.Q：HowdoyouseeRizikitotodeveloping?A：Icanseeitbeingprettybig.Iwantotherkidstoprogramappsforthecompany,soitwon’tbejustmyself.I’mtryingtoreachouttoothergroups,too.AndI’dliketoworkonmoreprojectslikethis.语篇解读：本文是一则新闻报道。来自加州的17岁女孩为非洲孤儿筹集资金。5．What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A．GiveKidsaHandB．MakeMoneyfromAppsC．AppsforAfricanOrphansD．ASpecialAfricanTeenageGirl解析：选C　标题归纳题。文章是一则新闻报道，第二段中的“programiPhonegamingapps...toraisemoneyforAfricanorphans”点明了文章的主旨。故C项作标题贴切。n6．SurayacameupwiththeideaofhelpingAfricanorphans________.A．becauseofhertriptoUgandaB．undertheinfluenceofhersisterC．togetherwithothervolunteersinAfricaD．aftershesawthehardshipatanorphanage解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第一个问答的内容可知，Suraya去了乌干达的一家孤儿院，在那里的亲身感受促使她想要帮助这些孩子。7．Theunderlinedpart“getthingsrolling”probablymeans“________”．A．makeanearlystartB．makeanexperimentC．makethingsbeginsmoothlyD．makethingseasyandsimple解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据画线部分前的“Thefirstoneswerefree”可知，Suraya因为想在一开始让事情顺利运转起来，所以才将一些游戏软件设定成免费。8．WhatdoesSurayathinkofthefutureofRizikitoto?A．Worrying.B．Uncertain.C．Challenging.D．Bright.解析：选D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Icanseeitbeingprettybig.”以及接下来Suraya希望更多的人参与其中可知，她对Rizikitoto的未来充满信心，认为其前景乐观。CDuringanairportdelay(延误)themantotheleft,aKoreanperhaps,startstalkingtothemanopposite,whomightbeColombian,andsoontheyarechattingawayinwhatseemstobeEnglish.ButthenativeEnglishspeakersittingbetweenthemcannotunderstandwhattheyaresaying.TheKoreanandtheColombianareactuallyspeakingGlobish,thelatestadditiontothe6,800languagesthataresaidtobespokenacrosstheworld.Notthatitsinventor,JeanPaulNerrière,considersitaproperlanguage.“Itisnotalanguage;itisatool，”hesays.“Alanguageisthevehicleofaculture.Globishdoesn’twanttobethatatall.”ItisameansofsimplifyingtheEnglishlanguageandgivingitrulessoitcanbeunderstoodbyall.Globishinvolvesavocabularylimitedto1,500words,shortsentences,basicgrammarrules,andmanyhandgesturestogetthepointacross.Thewordlistgoesnfrom“able”to“zero”.“Nieceandnephewarenotincluded,butyoucanreplacethemwiththechildrenofmybrother，”Nerrièresays.TheseedsforGlobishcameaboutinthe1980swhenNerrièrewasworkingforIBMinPariswithcolleaguesofabout40nationalities.Atameetingwheretheyweretobeaddressed(演讲)bytwoAmericanswhoseflighthadbeendelayed,theystartedtalkingintheirlowqualityEnglish.ThentheAmericansarrivedandbeyondtheiropeningphrases,“CallmeJim，”“CallmeBill，”nooneunderstoodaword.AndJimandBill,needlesstosay,didnotunderstandtheaudience’sEnglish.“Mycolleaguesall,likeme,spokelowqualityEnglish.Onemighthaveavocabularyof2,000words,anotherof1,200andnotthesamewords.OneofthethingsofinterestinGlobishisthatwith1,500wordsyoucanexpresseverything.Peopleallovertheworldwillspeakwiththesamelimitedvocabulary，”saysNerrière.Nerrièrebelievesthatwith182hours’learningthestudentshouldbeabletocommunicateinGlobish.Itisnotaprettylanguage—fullofredundancies(冗语)—butNerrièrerepeatsthatitisnothingbutatool.“ItisnotthelanguageofgreatwriterssuchasShakespeare,FaulknerorVirginiaWoolf，”heexplains.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种只有1500个单词的国际辅助语——全球语。9．ThenativeEnglishspeakermentionedinthefirstparagraph________.A．knowstheColombianB．can’tspeakGlobishC．doesn’tlikechattingD．canspeakKorean解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句“ButthenativeEnglishspeakersittingbetweenthemcannotunderstandwhattheyaresaying.”可知，这个以英语为母语的人不懂全球语。10．AccordingtoNerrière,Globishis________.A．aproperlanguageB．thevehicleofacultureC．ameansofcommunicationD．theruleoftheEnglishlanguage解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段的“Itisnotalanguage;itisatool”和“Itisameans...soitcanbeunderstoodbyall.”可知，Nerrière认为全球语只是一种交流的工具。11．Whichofthefollowingwordscanbeusedtodescribethemeetinginthe1980s?A．Interesting.B．Amazing.nC．Unimportant.D．Unsuccessful.解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第五段可知，Nerrière和他的同事们听不懂两个美国人的演讲，美国人也听不懂观众的英语，由此可见这次会议很不成功。12．WhatcanwelearnaboutGlobish?A．Itcreatesmanynewwords.B．Itisverydifficulttolearn.C．Itdoesn’trequiregrammarrules.D．Itcontainsalistof1,500words.解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第四段的“Globishinvolvesavocabularylimitedto1,500words”可知。Ⅱ.阅读七选五Forbettergrades—useyourbrain!Ifyou’relikemoststudents,youprobablystartedthisnewschoolyearwithanairofdeterminationtostudyharder.Nowsciencecanhelpyou.Recentdiscoveriesinbrainresearchpointtobetterwaystolearn.Thinkofthelasttimeyoulookedupanumberinthetelephonebookanddialedit.Couldyourememberthatnumberfiveminuteslater?Probablynot!__1__Butifyoucanputthephonenumberintolongtermmemory,you’llrememberthatsamephonenumbernextweek.Whenyoustudy,youtransfer(转移)newinformationintolongtermmemory.Everytimewelearnsomethingnew,thestructureofthebrainactuallychanges,aswebuildnewconnectionstoinformationthatwealreadyknow.__2__Brainresearchershavediscoveredthreekeypointsforbetterstudy.◆__3__Yourbraincanprocessonlyalimitedamountofinformationatonetime,sodon’ttrytoremembereverydetail.Whenstudyingatextbook,lookfortitlesandheadingstoshowyouthemainideas.◆Makethenewbrainconnectionsstronger.__4__Thisisthemostpowerfulwaytotransferinformationfromshorttermtolongtermmemory.Anotherwayisdrawingapictureoftheinformation,tomakethevisual(视觉的)partofthebrainactive.◆Givethenewmaterialtimetosoakin(渗入)—yourbrainhastobuildnewphysicalconnections.__5__Andcramming(突击式学习)thenightbeforeabigtestdoesn’thelp.A．Trytomakeaneffort.B．That’sbecauseit’sinyourshorttermmemory.nC．Weknowwewillneedtheinformationinthefuture.D．Findthemostimportantinformationandorganizeit.E．Onemethodistorecitetheideasoutloudinyourownwords.F．Forthisreason,it’sbettertostudyforseveralshortperiodsthanonelongone.G．Whentherearemoreconnectionstothenewinformation,it’seasiertofinditagain.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何使用大脑更好地学习。1．选B　根据上文的“Probablynot！”可知，五分钟以后你忘记了刚拨过的电话号码，那是因为这组号码是以短期记忆的形式被储存的。2．选G　G项中的“moreconnectionstothenewinformation”与上文中的“welearnsomethingnew...webuildnewconnectionstoinformationthatwealreadyknow”相呼应。3．选D　根据下文中的“don’ttrytoremembereverydetail”可知，学习时应该是寻找最重要的信息。4．选E　根据下文的“Thisisthemostpowerfulway”和“Anotherway”可知，本段是大脑研究者提出的“Makethenewbrainconnectionsstronger”的两种方法。5．选F　本段的“Givethenewmaterialtimetosoakin”是对F项中的“bettertostudyforseveralshortperiodsthanonelongone”的解释。