2019高中英语unit1breakingrecordssectionⅲusinglanguage教案含解析新人教 14页

SectionⅢUsingLanguageⅠ.高频单词点击1．bidvt.&vi.出价；投标→bade/bid(过去式)→bidden/bid(过去分词)n．出价；投标2．triathleten．三项全能运动员→triathlonn．三项全能运动3．championn．冠军；优胜者→championshipn．冠军称号4．thereforeadv.因此；所以5．economicsn．经济学→economicaladj.节俭的→economicadj.经济的6．entireadj.全部的；完整的→entirelyadv.完全地7．attainvt.达到；获得→attainmentn．到达，完成8．courageousadj.勇敢的；有胆量的→couragen．勇气，胆量9．appreciatevt.鉴赏；感激→appreciationn．感谢；感激；欣赏10．accountantn.会计→accountvi.记账11．receptionistn．招待员；接待员→receptionn．招待；接待→receivevt.接待；收到12．politiciann．政治家；政治→politicaladj.政治(方面)的→politicsn.政治活动13．salaryn．薪水Ⅱ.重点短语必记1．concentrateon　　　　全神贯注于，集中注意力于2．retirefrom从……退休3．haveapassionfor热爱……4．decideon决定，选定Ⅲ.常用句型必备Atthe1992BarcelonaOlympicGames，shetookthegoldmedalinthewomen's10meterplatform，becomingtheyoungestOlympicdivingchampionofalltime.Ⅳ.功能意念项目表示惊奇(Surprise)1．You'rekidding！　　　　　2.That'swonderful!3．Howamazing/surprising!4.Really!5．Howcome?6.Itsurprisesmethat...n7．Whatasurprise![单词点击]1．bid(1)vt.出价，投标bidfor　　　　　　　　　　投标竞争bidsth.for/onsth.为……出价……Shebid￡500forthepainting.她叫价500镑买这幅画。(2)n.出价，努力makeabidof￡50　　　　出50镑的价inone'sbidtodosth.企图，努力去做某事makeabidfor争取Hefailedinhisbidtoreachthesummit.他攀登顶峰未能成功。Manycitiesmadethebidforthesponsorshipofthe2020OlympicGamesandTokyosucceededintheend.许多城市参加了2020年奥运会举办权的竞标，东京最终获得成功。　　Theyputinthehighest________forthehouse.A．currencyB．bidC．proposalD．purchase解析：选B　currency“流通；货币”；bid“投标，出价”；proposal“计划”；purchase“购买(力)”。由句意选B项。2．thereforeadv.因此，所以Iwasill，andthereforeIcouldnotcome.我病了，所以没能来。therefore，so，for(1)therefore副词，起连接作用。连接两个并列分句，其前面常用分号。Hebroketherulesofourschool；thereforehewasncriticized.他违反了校规，因此受到了批评。(2)so并列连词，表示结果，意为“因而，所以，那么，这样看来”。连接两个并列分句，注意because与so不能搭配使用。Hehadn'tworkedhard，sohedidn'tpasstheexam.他没有努力学习，因此他考试不及格。so也可为副词，表示程度，意为“如此，那么，非常，很”；或表示方式，意为“这样，那样，如此”。(3)forprep.&conj.①介词时，表示目的，意为“为了”。②连词时，用来连接两个并列分句，有时特指说话者主观推测的原因，而不是直接原因；另外，for表示原因时，从来都是结果在前，原因在后。Imustbeoffnow，formysisteriswaitingforme.我得走了，我姐姐正等着我呢。　　ShehasneverbeentoAmerica________shedoesn'tknowmuchaboutit.A．thereforeB．andthereforeC．asaresultofD．for解析：选B　therefore“因此”，是一个副词，前面要加连词and。故选B项。3．entireadj.整个的；全部的；完全的；完整的ThiswouldthreatentheentirepeaceoftheMiddleEast.这将威胁到中东全面的和平。Iaminentireagreementwithyou.我完全同意你的看法。entirelyadv.　　　　　完全地Thebuildingwasentirelydestroyedintheearthquake.在地震中整个大楼被彻底毁掉。entire，whole，all，total(1)entire着重从个体方面着眼来强调事物的完整性。Theentirevillagewasdestroyed.整个村庄被毁。(2)whole着重从整体方面着眼来说明事物的完整性。Theworkersdevotedtheirwholeenergytothetask.工人们把全部精力都放在工作上。n(3)all着重指“整体”，指由“个体”或“部分”组成的整体。可修饰可数名词复数，也可修饰不可数名词，指整个范围或全部数量。位于定冠词、指示代词、物主代词、基数词的前面。AlltheChinesepeoplearegoingalloutfortherealizationofthefourmodernizations.全中国人民正在全力以赴为实现四个现代化而奋斗。(4)total指数量程度的“全部”，把一切都计算在内。What'sthetotalpopulationofChina?中国的总人口是多少？　(1)Hespent________hismoneyingambling.(2)Ittookusan________weektopreparefortheexperiment.(3)Her________incomeisD|S10,000ayear.(4)Saraseldomstaysathomefora________evening.(5)Hehadworked________hislifeinthemine.(6)The________costwasfarhigherthanexpected.答案：(1)all　(2)entire　(3)total　(4)whole　(5)all(6)total4．appreciatevt.赏识，鉴赏，感激(1)appreciate＋n./pron./v.ing重视/感激……Iwouldappreciateitif...假如……，我将不胜感激(2)appreciationn.欣赏；感激Therearevariousartwebsitesthatcanhelpstudentstoappreciateandcreateartpieces.有各种各样的艺术网站可以帮助学生欣赏和创作艺术作品。Ireallyappreciatecooperatingwithsomeonewhodoessuchagoodjob.我非常乐意与工作如此出色的人共事。I'dliketoshow/expressmyappreciationforeverythingyou'vedone.我想对您所做的一切表示感激。注意：当appreciate,hate,dislike,love,like,depend/relyon等词后接宾语从句时，一般先加it，再接宾语从句。Iwouldappreciateitifyoucangivemesomeadviceonhowtosolvetheseproblems.(山东高考写作)如果您能给我一些关于如何解决这些问题的建议我将不胜感激。nIhateitwhenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.我讨厌别人满嘴食物说话。　　　Iwouldappreciate________，tobefrank,ifgoodscouldbedeliveredassoonaspossible.A．youB．thisC．itD．myself解析：选C　考查代词。此处it作形式宾语，代替后面的“ifgoodscouldbedeliveredassoonaspossible”。tobefrank为插入语。5．salaryn．[C，U]薪水SheisonasalaryofD|S24,000ayear.她的年薪是2.4万美元。salary，income，pay，wages，fee，tip(1)salary指从事脑力劳动的人(如事务员，记者，教师，牧师等)的薪水。定期发放，常以一个月或一年为期限。(2)income收入，收益，进款(统称)。(3)pay薪水、工资，最普通用语。特指海陆军人及其他在政府部门工作的人员的薪金。(4)wages(pl.)工资，指劳动者、工人的工资，通常指给予短期工作者的报酬，多为每周发放或计时、计件工资。(5)fee手续费，薪金；指付给律师、医师或其他专业人员的薪金、学费。(6)tip在服务场所付给为你提供服务的人的额外费用即“小费”。用salary，wages，tip，pay，fee，income填空　　(1)Truckdriversaredemandinghigh________.(2)Heearnsa________ofD|S100,000ayear.(3)________atthecanneryareverylow.(4)Doyougivea________tothewaiter?(5)Unearned________istaxedatahigherrate.(6)Thelawyerchargedahigh________forthiscase.答案：(1)pay　(2)salary　(3)Wages　(4)tip　(5)income　(6)fee[短语精析]concentrateon全神贯注于；集中注意力于(1)concentrateon(doing)sth.n　　　　　　　专心(做)某事concentrateone'smind/attention/energyon集中注意力；致力于；专心于(2)fix/focusone'smind/attentionon...集中注意力于……(3)concentrationn.集中；专心Playingcomputergamescangiveussomerelaxationafterschool,butasstudentswemustconcentrateonourstudies.放学后玩电脑游戏能给我们带来快乐和放松，但是作为学生，我们必须集中精力学习。Wemustfocusourattentiononurgentproblems.我们必须把注意力集中在紧急的问题上。Speakingonthephonerequiresconcentrationandtakesadriver'sattentionfromtheroad.打电话需要集中注意力，这样就分散了司机对路面的注意力。　　　________theloudnoisegoingonintheworkshop,Icanhardly________onmylessons.A．As;putB．As;concentrateC．With;relyD．With;concentrate解析：选D　句意：由于讲习班声音嘈杂，我几乎不能集中注意力做功课。“________theloudnoisegoingonintheworkshop”为with的复合结构；concentrateon“专注于……”。[句型归纳]　Atthe1992BarcelonaOlympicgames，shetookthegoldmedalinthewomen's10meterplatform，becomingtheyoungestOlympicdivingchampionofalltime.在1992年巴塞罗那奥运会上，她获得了十米跳台的金牌，成为奥运会有史以来最年轻的跳水冠军。本句中becomingtheyoungestOlympicdivingchampionofalltime是现在分词短语作结果状语。TheparentsdiedintheLudianEarthquake,leavinghimanorphan.在鲁甸地震中他的父母死了，使他成了孤儿。现在分词表示自然而然的结果；不定式表示意想不到的结果，其前常加only。nHegotuplateandhurriedtohisoffice,leavingthebreakfastuntouched.(天津高考)他起晚了，然后匆忙赶到办公室，早饭根本没动。Georgereturnedafterthewar,onlytobetoldthathiswifehadlefthim.(山东高考)乔治战争后回到家，结果被告知妻子已经离开了他。　　(1)(天津高考)Anxiously,shetookthedressoutofthepackageandtriediton,only________itdidn'tfit.A．tofind　　　　　　　　B．foundC．findingD．havingfound解析：选A　考查非谓语动词。从本句中的tookthedressoutof和triediton可知，她急于试这件衣服，句中的itdidn'tfit表明这件衣服不合适，因此这里用不定式表示“出乎意料的结果”。(2)(新课标全国卷Ⅱ)Igottotheofficeearlierthatday，________the7：30trainfromPaddington.A．caughtB．tohavecaughtC．tocatchD．havingcaught解析：选D　由句意可知catchthe7：30train这一动作发生在谓语动词gottotheoffice之前，故用现在分词的完成时。如何写人物写人的记叙文是一种最普遍、最基本的写作文体。该种记叙文必须以某个人物为中心组织材料，围绕该人物某一件事或几件事来进行叙述。写作时，应注意以下几个方面：1．主题鲜明，内容清楚。确切地说，在记叙时要把有关的时间、地点、人物、原因等因素交代清楚，才能给人以完整的印象。2．层次分明，有条有理。记叙时，应按故事或事件发生的时间顺序依次进行叙述。写作时，要有开头、正文及结尾。若涉及几个人或几件事，或一件大事中还包括小事时，还需要对记叙的事情做出分析，分清主线和副线，围绕主线安排副线。3．详略得当，主次适宜。记叙事情时，要注意主题鲜明突出、清楚具体。写人时，要抓住典型事例、典型行动。对中心事件和最能表现中心思想的地方，要详细叙述；次要的方面就少写或不写。n【写作任务】请根据下表中的内容写一篇100词左右的短文。姓名杨振宁性别男国籍美籍华人出生地安徽出生日期1922年9月22日职业物理学家教育背景清华大学研究生；美国芝加哥大学博士简介及照片1950年在美国结婚，婚后有两子一女，均在美国安家立业1957年和李政道一起获得诺贝尔物理学奖1998年起任清华大学教授2004年12月从美国回国并定居清华园，在清华大学教授物理获得多种荣誉，是许多大学的荣誉教授注意：1.所写短文应包括所有要点，但不可逐字翻译；2．开头已给出，不计入总词数。YangZhenning，anAmericanChinesephysicist，wasborn...________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【范文在线】YangZhenning，anAmericanChinesephysicist，wasbornonSeptember22,1922，inAnhuiProvince，China.Afterreceivinghismaster'sdegreeinQinghuaUniversity，hegothisdoctor'sdegreeinAmerica'sChicagoUniversity.Hegotmarriedin1950andhadtwosonsandadaughter，allofwhomhadbuilttheirhomesintheUS.In1957，heandhispartnerLiZhengdaowontheNobelPrizeforphysics.YanghasbeeninvitedtobeaprofessorinQinghuaUniversitysince1998.InDecember,2004，hereturnedtohomelandfromAmericaandsettleddownintheuniversity，beginninghisteachinginQinghua.Inallhislife，hehasbeengivenlotsofhonorsandtitledasthehonoredprofessorformanyuniversities.【靓点点击】1．本文从整体上来看，结构紧凑、详略得当、中心突出。2．文中使用了比较复杂的语法形式。如：anAmericanChinesenphysicist(同位语)；hadtwosonsandadaughter，allofwhomhadbuilttheirhomes...(非限制性定语从句)；andsettleddownintheuniversity，beginninghisteachinginQinghua(分词作伴随状语)。3．文中的receiveone'smaster'sdegree，beinvitedtodo，settledown等高级词汇及短语的应用也给文章增色不少。请从下列人物中选择你最喜欢的一位，用英语写一篇120词左右的短文，要求根据所给信息作适当发挥，且须包括以下三部分内容：1．对该人物的简单介绍；2．喜欢该人物的理由；3．从该人物身上得到的启示。ThomasEdisonHelenKellerWilliamShakespeareinventor；creative；diligent；fullofwisdomordinarybutgreatwoman；disabled；optimistic；eagertolearnwriter；talented；imaginative；manofallages“Geniusisonepercentinspirationandninetyninepercentperspiration.”“...ifIhadthepowerofsightforthreedays.”“Lifeisastage...”参考范文：ThomasEdisonBorninAmerica，ThomasEdisonwasagreatscientistandinventor.Hewasoncethoughttobeaboywhowasnotwortheducating.Infact，hewasamanfullofimagination.IadmireEdisonalotbecauseofhisgreatcontributiontotheworld.Hehadmorethan1,000inventions.Inhislifetime，hewasalwayseagertoknowhowthingsworked，whichhelpedhimtoearnthenickname“theWizardofMeloPark”．Hewasnalsosodiligentthatheworkeddayandnight.Andthisexplainedwhyhehadsomanygreatinventions.Whatimpressesmemostishisfamoussaying，“Geniusisonepercentinspirationandninetyninepercentperspiration.”ProbablyIcannotbeanEdisonmyself，butIcanbeahardworkinglearner.Fromhim，Irealizethesecrettosuccessisnotwhenorwhereyouwereborn，butwhatyouaredoingandhowyoudoitinyourlife.HelenKellerEverytimeIread“...ifIhadthepowerofsightforthreedays”，IcannothelpbeingmovedbyitsauthorHelenKeller，anordinarybutgreatAmericanwoman.IadmireHelenbecausesheisoptimisticaboutlife.Shebecamedeafandblindwhenshewas19monthsold.Sincethenshelivedinaworldofdarknessandsilence，andcommunicationseemedonlyadreamforher.Butshenevergaveupandstruggledtoleadanactivelife.Undertheguidanceofherteacher，Ms.Sulliven，Helenlearnedtoreadandwriteandbecameafamouswriter.Foradisabledpersonlikeher，thiswasreallyawonder!Helenhassetanexcellentexampletoallofus.Herstorytellsusthatweshouldvaluewhatwehave，andtryourbesttoovercomeanydifficultyinlife.WilliamShakespeareDoyouknowHamlet？HaveyoureadTheMerchantofVenice？ThesetwogreatworksarebothwrittenbyWilliamShakespeare，myfavoriteEnglishwriterandthemanofallages!Shakespeare，asonfromapoorfamily，amanoflittleeducation，wroteplaysandpoemsthatarereadallovertheworld.Ilikehimbecausehiscomediesandtragediesbringmeintoafantasticworld；IlovehimbecausehispoemsletmeenjoythebeautyoftheEnglishlanguage；Iadmirehimbecausehiskeensightssetmethinkingandteachmehowtoleadameaningfullife!Since“Lifeisastage”，weareactuallyallactorsandactresses.Onthisstage，everyonehashisownroletoplay，andIwilltrymybesttoplaymyrolewell.Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Heb______D|S5foranoldbook.n答案：bid2．Thelittleboyisj______withballs.答案：juggling3．Wereallya__________herofferingtohelp.答案：appreciated4．Wespentane______dayonthebeach.答案：entire5．Heisan________(业余爱好者)intabletennis.答案：amateur6．Becausehe'syounger，he，________(因此)，needsmoresleep.答案：therefore7．Thenewspaperpublishesa________(简介)ofaleadingsportsmaneveryweek.答案：profile8．Jonesworkedsohardthathe________(达到)hissalesgoalforthemonth.答案：attainedⅡ.单句改错1．Iregrettellingyouthatyouhavetotaketheexamagainasyouhavefailedtopassit.________________________________________________________________________答案：telling改为totell2．Mr.Wangpreferredstayingathomeratherthangooutforawalk.________________________________________________________________________答案：go改为going3．Hewasseriouslyill.However，hecouldn'tgotowork.________________________________________________________________________答案：However改为Therefore4．Idoappreciateyoutohelpme.________________________________________________________________________答案：tohelp改为helping5．Don'tbehardtohim.Afterall，heisonlyachild.________________________________________________________________________答案：to改为onⅢ.单项填空n1．Heinjuredhislegand________couldn'tplayinthegame.A．thereforeB．howeverC．inwhichcaseD．inthisway解析：选A　由句意知前后为因果关系，故用therefore。2．Oilpriceshaverisenby51percentsincethestartoftheyear，________arecordofUSD|S79.74abarrelonJuly14.A．havereachedB．reachingC．toreachD．tobereaching解析：选B　本题的考点是非谓语动词作状语。现在分词作结果状语表示顺理成章、必然结果，而不定式作结果状语表示出乎意料的结果。分析句意可知，这儿是必然的、显而易见的结果，故用现在分词。3．Theshipatlast________theharbour.A．attainedB．hasattainedC．attainedtoD．hasattainedto解析：选C　attain可作不及物动词，意为“到达”。由句意可知，C项正确。4．Idon'tappreciate________likeasecondclasscitizen.A．beingtreatedB．tobetreatedC．treatingD．totreat解析：选A　appreciate后接v.ing形式作宾语，再由句意可知，I与treat为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动形式。故选A项。5．Hewillnotbeoutofdebtuntilhegets________nextweek.A．incomeB．feeC．payD．paid解析：选D　get＋v.ed表被动。getpaid得到工资。6．WhileJackisa(n)________，hedoessowellinthatheisuptotheprofessionallevel.A．studentB．outsiderC．beginnerD．amateur解析：选D　由句中professionallevel可知Jack是一个业余爱好者，即amateur。Ⅳ.阅读理解ItwasanearlySeptemberday，coolandbrightandjustrightforrunning，andIwasinthefirstfewmilesofa10knownmileraceoveracoursewithafewhighhills.Still，Ifeltenergetic；despitethehillsitwasgoingtobeafinerun.JustaheadofmewasPeggyMimno，ateacherfromMountnKiseo，NewYork.Shetoowasrunningeasily，movingalongatmyspeed.Thepacefeltcomfortable，soIdecidedtostaywhereIwas；whypayattentiontopacewhenshewassettingsuchaniceone？I'dovertake(追上)herlateronwhenshetired.SoIranbehindher.Thecourseheadednorthformiles，wanderedwestforahillymile，thenturnedsouthagainalongawindingroad.Theracewasgettingharder.Wehadfourmilesleftandalreadyitwasbeginningtoberealwork.Peggyovertookayoungrunner.Sheseemedtoknowhim，fortheyexchangedafewcheerfulwordsasshepassedhim.Theirexchangeworriedme.Youdon'tchatduringaraceunlessfeelinggood，andPeggyplainlywas.Still，Iwascloseenoughtoovertakeherifshetired，soIdidn'tgiveuphopecompletely.Weweregettingnearertoalong，punishinghillnowanditwouldbethetest.Wewereamilefromthefinishline，sowhateverhappenedonthehillwouldalmostdeterminewhocrosseditfirst.AsImovedupthehill，myattentionwanderedforafewminutes.WhenIlookedup，Peggywasmovingaway—firstfiveyards，thenten，thenmore.Finallyitwasclearthattherewasnohelpofcatchingher.Shebeatmesoundly.Thereisanimportantlessoninthatrace.Womenarethoughttobeweaker，slowerandnotnearlyasskilledinsport.YetasPeggyMimnosoclearlyshowed，thesimilaritiesbetweenmenandwomenrunnersaremoreimportantthandifferences.Ihaverunwithanumberofwomen，andIcansayitisoftenhardwork.1．Whatdidthewriterthinkoftheraceinthebeginning?A．Itwouldbehardwork.B．Itwouldbeaneasyrace.C．Itwouldbeatestofhisstrength.D．Itwouldbeagoodlearningexperience.解析：选B　细节理解题。第一段告诉我们作者一开始认为这是一次轻松的比赛。2．WhatworriedthewriterwhenPeggygreetedtheyoungrunner?A．Peggyovertooktheyoungrunner.B．Peggywasrunningenergetically.C．Peggywaslaughingatthewriter.D．Peggypaidnoattentiontothewriter.解析：选B　推理判断题。从第二段可以看出，作者担心的是Peggy精力充沛地跑着。3．Bysaying“along，punishinghill”(Paragraph5)，thewriterimpliesthat________.nA．PeggywouldfailtoreachthehilltopB．menaremoreskilledatclimbinghillsC．overtakingPeggywouldbeeasyD．climbingthehillwouldbeademandingtask解析：选D　字句理解题。由所在句子的语境可以看出，在比赛中爬山是一项费力的任务。4．Whatlessondoesthewriterlearnfromtherace?A．Womenareasgoodasmeninsport.B．Womenarebetteratclimbinghills.C．Heshouldhavemoretraininginacrosscountryrace.D．Heshouldsetaquickerpaceatthebeginning.解析：选A　推理判断题。整篇短文就是介绍了作者和Peggy赛跑的故事，Peggy的胜利说明在体育方面妇女和男人一样优秀。