2019高中英语刷题首选卷基础练能力练unit3lifeinthefuture课时作业（二）（含解析） 8页

SectionⅡ　TheLanguagePointsofReading课时作业(二)对应学生用书P29[基础题]Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Thoughl________money,hisfamilylivedanenjoyablelife.答案：lacking2．Thesixofusclimbedinthroughtheroundo________.答案：opening3．Theyarebothu________aboutwhattodonext.答案：uncertain4．Hehashadnop________experienceofthiskindofjob.答案：previous5．Therewasnooneatthereceptiondesk,sohep________abellforservice.答案：pressed6．[2017·江苏高考]Determiningwhereweareinrelationtoour________(环境)remainsanessentialskillforoursurvival.答案：surroundings7．It'sclearthatthetwinsarequitedifferentinmany________(方面)．答案：aspects8．Hisnamewas________(闪现)uponthescreen.答案：flashed9．Shealways________(指引)usacrossthebusystreets.答案：guides10．Thekidswereallwearinganimal________(面罩)．答案：masksⅡ.选词填空takeup;bebackonone'sfeet;losesightof;sweepup;catchsightof;switchoff;forlackof;slideinto;asaresult;makeadjustmentsto1．Thegirlwasalmostfrightenedtodeathwhenshe________asnake.答案：caughtsightof2．Afterreceivingtimelytreatment,theboy________soon.答案：wasbackonhisfeet3．AfterFukushima,Germanydecidedto________allitsnuclearplantsbyn2022.答案：switchoff4．Shefellsilent,andherbrother________thestory.答案：tookup5．Hedidnotfinishhisschooling________money.答案：forlackof6．He________theroomtolookforanoldwatchthatnight.答案：slidinto7．IwatchedtheplanegohigherandhigheruntilI________it.答案：lostsightof8．[2017·全国卷Ⅲ]MinutesafterthelastmovieendedyesterdayatthePlazaTheater,employeeswerebusy________popcornsandgatheringcokecups.答案：sweepingup9．Thestudentalmostplayedaroundeverydaylastterm;________，hefailedintherecentexams.答案：asaresult10．Hehadto________lifeplan,orhehadtogiveup.答案：makeadjustmentstoⅢ.单句语法填空1．ExactlywhenthepotatowasintroducedintoEuropeis________(certain),butitwasprobablyaround1565.答案：uncertain　句意：马铃薯确切地说是在何时被引入欧洲还不确定，但大约是在1565年。这里是系表结构，结合句意可知应填uncertain。2．While________(sweep)thefloor,Ifoundhispenlyingontheground.答案：sweeping　该句为状语从句的省略形式。补充完整为：WhileIwassweeping...,省略了主语和相应的be动词，故应填sweeping。3．We________(constant)remindthemthatmovinghereisthestartoftheirnewlives.答案：constantly　句意：我们经常提醒他们搬到这里是新生活的开始。修饰动词应用副词。故填constantly。4．Noteveryonecantolerate________(have)theirbloodpressurereducedtothatlevel.答案：having　句意：不是每个人都能忍受让他们的血压降到那个水平。toleratedoingsth.“容忍做某事”。故填having。n5．Youcan'tseethroughthetelescopeuntilit________(adjust)toyoureyes.答案：isadjusted　望远镜应是“被调整”以适应眼睛的高度，故从句中谓语动词应用被动语态，故填isadjusted。6．Nowadays,moreandmorepeoplechoosetodrinkalcoholtoescapethe________(press)causedbyheavywork.答案：pressure　句意：如今越来越多的人选择饮酒来摆脱繁重工作所带来的压力。定冠词之后应用名词，press的名词形式为pressure，意为“压力”。7．Assoonashe________(catch)sightofthepoliceman,thethiefranaway.答案：caught　句意：那个贼一看到警察就跑开了。主句动词用过去式，因此assoonas从句动词也应用过去式。8．________(surround)bythepolice,thethiefhadnochoicebuttogivein.答案：Surrounded　句意：被警察包围了，那个贼别无选择只能投降。surround的逻辑主语是thethief，两者之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作原因状语。9．Afterhisjourneyfromabroad,RichardJonesreturnedhome,________(exhaust)．答案：exhausted　句意：从国外旅行回来后，理查德·琼斯筋疲力尽地回到了家。设空处作伴随状语，表示旅游回来后的状态，所以应用过去分词形式的形容词exhausted，意为“筋疲力尽的”。10．Remindme________(call)AlanbeforeIgoout.答案：tocall　句意：在我出去之前记得提醒我给艾伦打电话。remindsb.todosth.“提醒某人做某事”。Ⅳ.单句改错1．Deeplyimpressedonitsbeauty,IfellinlovewithGuilin.________________________________________________________________________答案：on→by/with2．Ittookmeafewweekstogetusedtomynewsurrounding.________________________________________________________________________答案：surrounding→surroundings3．Theschoolcannottoleratetalkloudlyinclass.________________________________________________________________________答案：talk→talking4．Althoughtheladylookselegant,actuallysheishardtogetalong.________________________________________________________________________n答案：along后加with5．Lackingnecessarysocialexperience,teenagerstendtobetakenupbyillpeople.________________________________________________________________________答案：up→in6．Pleaseremembertoswitchthelightsasyouleavetheclassroom.________________________________________________________________________答案：switch后加off或lights后加off7．Afterseveraldays'goodrest,shefinallywasbackonherfoot.________________________________________________________________________答案：foot→feet8．AsfarasI'mconcerned,weshouldnotonlyknowwhatwelackof,butalsounderstandwhy.________________________________________________________________________答案：去掉of9．Thechairlooksratherhard,butinfactitisverycomfortabletosit.________________________________________________________________________答案：sit后加on或in10.Todaytheteachertookonthelessonwheresheleftofflastweek.________________________________________________________________________答案：on→upⅤ.完成句子1．Hehas________________________________________________________________________hisstudents.他给他的学生留下了很好的印象。答案：madeagoodimpressionon2．Whendidyourfather____________drawing?你爸爸从什么时候开始画画的？答案：takeup3．________________________________________________________________________whetherIcanpassthecomingexam.我不确定自己是否能够通过即将到来的考试。答案：Iamuncertainn4．Afterbeingtakengoodcareof,he________________.经过细心的照料，他完全复原了。答案：wasbackonhisfeet5．Haveyou________________________________________________________________________thepiecesofthebrokenglass?你把打碎的玻璃全扫起来了吗？答案：sweptup[能力题]Ⅰ.阅读理解[2017·成都高中毕业诊断性检测]Whatareyourretirementplans?Keepworking?Getmoreexercise?Orlearnsomethingnew?Youmayput_them_on_hold.There'sachancethat,soonerorlater,youmighthavetomovefurtherthanyouwerethinking.AsfarasMars(火星)．OnThursday,NationalGeographicwillshowthefirsteverMarsshowhome,givingearthlingsanideaofwhattheirlifecouldlooklikeontheRedPlanet.Setinthenotsodistantyearof2037,theiglooshapedstructurecouldbethehomeofyourfuture.ItshowsahousebuiltusingrecycledspacecraftpartsandMartiansoil,calledregolith,whichhasbeenmicrowavedintobricks.Somepartsofthehomearerecognisable—kitchen,bedroom—buttherearefundamentaldifferencesthatarevitalforhumansurvival.AstheMartianatmosphereisaroundonehundredthasthickastheEarth's,peoplewillneedpermanentshelterfromthesunandsocietywillmovelargelyindoors.Mostbuildingswillbeconnectedbyundergroundpassagesandthehouseswon'thavewindows.Thehomeswillhavesimulatedsolarlighting,ornaturallightthathasbeenbentseveraltimes.Wallswillneedtobe10to12feetthick,toprotectpeoplefromdangerousraysthatcanpassthroughsixfeetofsteel,andadoubleairlockedentrancetokeepthehomeunderproperpressure.“Wedon'tthinkofourhousesasthingsthatkeepusalive,butonMarsyourhousewillbeasurvivalcentre，”saysStephenPetranek,authorofHowWe'llLiveonMars.Thisisnotjustthestuffofscifi.“TentotwentyyearsfromnowtherewillcertainlybepeopleonMars，”Petraneksays.n“We'vehadthetechnologyfor30yearstolandpeopleonMars,butwehaven'thadthewill，”Petraneksays.Buttwomainfactorshave“completelyswungpublicattitudes”.Theprivatecompanies'participationhasforcedgovernmentagenciestouptheirgame,andinfluentialfilmssuchasGravityandTheMartianhavecaughtsociety'seye.　1．Whatcanweknowabouttheshowhomefromthetext?A．Ithasnowindowsordoorsduetosecurityconcern.B．Itsdesignpresentstheideaofenvironmentalprotection.C．Ithasthickwallskeepingthehomeunderproperpressure.D．Itsundergroundpassagesconnectallthebuildingstogether.答案：B　推理判断题。根据第三段第一句及下文可推知，展示住宅的设计采用一些回收的航天器零件，因此该设计展示了环保的理念。故答案选B。2．Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“putthemonhold”inParagraph1probablymean?A．Putthemoff.B．Givethemaway.C．Carrythemthrough.D．Takethemseriously.答案：A　词义猜测题。画线词前列举了几种退休后的计划，画线词后又提出你迟早有机会去火星。因此画线词应意为“搁置，推迟”，指上文提到的退休计划可能会被搁置。A项与之意思相近。故答案选A。3．AccordingtoPetranek,whathasspeduptheprocessofsendingpeopletoMars?A．ThegreatinfluenceofMarsshowhome.B．Thedevelopmentofrelatedtechnology.C．Thecompetitionfromprivatecompanies.D．ThepopularityofinfluentialbooksonMars.答案：C　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，来自私人公司的竞争加快了把人们送到火星的进程。故答案选C。4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．LivingonMars:PossibleorNotB．SendingPeopletoMars:YesorNoC．FirstEverShowhome:HowIsItMadenD．FutureHomeonMars:WhatWillItBeLike答案：D　标题判断题。纵观全文可知，文章主要通过介绍未来火星上的展示住宅告诉人们未来火星上的房子是什么样子。D项概括了文章主旨。故答案选D。Ⅱ.短文改错DearPeter，I'mverygladtoreceiveyouremailaskingforinformationaboutthehostfamilywehavearrangedyoutostaywith.Locatinginabeautifulandquietneighborhood,thehousewasbigenoughtoenableyoutohavearoomofyourown.Apartfromtheconvenientpublictransportation,ourprivatecarwillmakeyourvisiteasy.BecauseallthefamilymemberscanspeakfluentlyEnglishandhaveoutgoingpersonalities,I'msureyouwillhavenotroublecommunicatewiththem.Aboveall,theyhostedtheAmericanstudentlastyear,throughthattheygainedlotsofexperience.Inadditionto,thehostesscookingwillguaranteeyouawonderfulchanceoftastingdeliciousChinesefood.Hopeyouenjoyyourstaythere.Yours，LiHua答案：DearPeter，I'mverygladtoreceiveyouremailaskingforinformationaboutthehostfamilywehavearrangedyoutostaywith.inabeautifulandquietneighborhood,thehousebigenoughtoenableyoutohavearoomofyourown.Apartfromtheconvenientpublictransportation,privatecarwillmakeyourvisiteasy.BecauseallthefamilymemberscanspeakEnglishandhaveoutgoingpersonalities,I'msureyouwillhavenotroublewiththem.Aboveall,theyhostedAmericanstudentlastyear,throughtheygainedlotsofexperience.Inadditionto,thecookingwillguaranteeyouawonderfulchanceoftastingdeliciousChinesefood.Hopeyouenjoyyourstaythere.Yours，LiHuan难项分析：第一处：you前加for　考查固定搭配。arrangeforsb.todosth.意为“安排某人做某事”，为固定搭配。第二处：Locating→Located　考查非谓语动词。belocatedin...意为“坐落于……”，为固定短语，在句中作状语，故填located。第六处：communicate→communicating　考查固定搭配。havenotrouble(in)doingsth.意为“做某事没有困难”，为固定搭配，故用动词ing形式作宾语。