2019高中英语unit10moneysectionⅳlesson2 19页

SectionⅣLesson2&Lesson3—LanguagePoints一、这样记单词记得准·写得对记得快·记得多Ⅰ.基础词汇1.commentvi.&vt.　　　评论2.annoyvt.使烦恼，打扰3.firmadj.坚定的，稳固的　n.公司4.bargainn．&v.讨价还价；便宜货5.cashn.现金，现款6.approximatelyadv.近似地，大约地7.removev.移开，挪走8.appealvi.吸引，引起兴趣；呼吁，恳求9.balancen.平衡10.containvt.包含，含有Ⅱ.拓展词汇1.productn．产品，出品→producen．农产品→productionn．产量2.enthusiasticadj.热情的，很感兴趣的→enthusiasmn．热心，热情3.ashamedadj.羞耻的，惭愧的→shamen．羞愧，羞耻→shamefuladj.可耻的4.aggressiveadj.好斗的，有进取心的→aggressionn.侵略，攻击→aggressorn．攻击者，侵略者5.amusementn．乐趣，娱乐活动→amusev．娱乐6.importancen．重要(性)→importantadj.重要的7.economyn．经济→economicadj.经济的，合算的8.puzzlevt.使困惑→puzzledadj.困惑的1.annoyvt.使烦恼，打扰[同义]　bother;upset2.commentvi.&vt.评论n.评论；意见；批评[同义]　①remarkn．评论②reviewn．评论；检查③criticismn．评论，意见；批评[词块]　①makeacomment(on...)(对……)作出评论②nocomment无可奉告3.bargainn．&v.讨价还价；便宜货[词块]　①makeabargain成交/达成协议②It’sa(real)bargain.真便宜。4.cashn．现金，现款[词块]　incash用现金；有现钱[联想]　①bycheque用支票　②bycreditcard用信用卡5.containvt.包含；包括；含有[同义]　includev．包含，包括6.balancen．平衡[词块]　①keep/loseone’sbalance保持/失去平衡②keepabalanceddiet保持饮食平衡[记法]　图片记忆：7.firmadj.坚定的，坚决的；稳固的n.公司[近义]　①steadyadj.稳固的，牢固的　n→puzzlingadj.令人困惑的9.behavevi.举止，表现→behaviourn．行为，表现10.advancevi.取得进展，改进→advancedadj.先进的，高级的②determinedadj.坚定的，坚决的　③companyn．公司8.behavevi.举止，表现[词块]　behaveoneself规矩点；守规矩9.advancevi.取得进展，改进[词块]　inadvance预先；提前10.amusementn．乐趣，娱乐活动[同义]　entertainmentn．娱乐，娱乐表演二、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块1.match...with...　　　　把……与……配对2．takeoff打折扣，减掉；匆匆离开；脱掉；拿掉；起飞3．beenthusiasticabout/over...对……热情/热心4．beconfidentof...对……有信心5．commentonsth.评论某事6．comeon(口)快点儿；加油；别逗了，算了吧；来吧；进展7．appealto吸引8．keepthebalanceof保持……的平衡9．playanimportantrolein在……中起重要作用10．dealwith处理11．agreewith同意；赞同12．haveaneffecton对……有影响13．startwith以……开始14．ifso如果这样的话1.pointofview　　　　　　　　　观点2．forastart首先，第一3．what’smore而且，更重要的是4．makealiving谋生5．tobeexact确切地说(＝exactlyspeaking)6．allovertheworld世界各地，遍及全世界7．taketurns轮流；依次8．thinktwice再三考虑9．developlocaleconomies发展当地经济10．admirethisgreatachievement欣赏这一伟大成就11．creatagreenfuture创造绿色的未来12．makeanoffer出价三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.somethingthatisofverygoodvaluebeofverygoodvalue属于“beof＋名词”结构，相Hisopinionisconsideredtobe_of_great_use.n非常有价值的东西当于形容词用法。大家一致认为他的观点很有用。2.Ifso,itistimeforyoutothinkagain.若真这样想的话，现在到了你重新考虑的时候了。ifso是省略句式，意为“如果这样的话”，so代替上文的内容。WillyoubefreethisSunday?If_so，let’sgocamping!这个周末你有空吗？如果有，我们去野营吧！3.Infact,itisyouwhohavethemostimportantroletoplayinstoppingYellowRivererosion.事实上，你才是阻止黄河水土流失最重要的人。“It’s...that/who”构成强调句型。It_was_not_untilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.直到她摘下墨镜我才意识到她是个著名的电影明星。1．(教材P10)WhichofthefollowingdomostBritishpeoplebargainfor?下面哪一项是大多数英国人最易讨价还价的？bargainvi.讨价还价；讲条件n.便宜货；协议；交易(1)bargainwithsb.about/over/forsth.和某人就某事讨价还价(2)makeabargainwithsb.和某人达成协议It’s/That’sa(real)bargain.这(真)是个便宜货。①We’vemadeabargainthathe’lldotheshoppingandI’llcook.我们已经讲好了，他买东西我做饭。②Ibargainedwithherabout/overthepriceofthesecondhandbike.我跟她就这辆二手自行车讨价还价。③Thishouseisa_real_bargain,_butitspositionisn’tquitegood.这套房子确实便宜，就是位置不太好。2．(教材P10)Sheisnotashamedtosayshehasnotgotmuchmoney.她没有很多钱，她对此并不感到惭愧。ashamedadj.惭愧的，羞耻的；害臊的beashamedof(doing)sth.　对(做)某事感到惭愧beashamedtodosth.以做某事为耻；羞于做某事beashamedthat...对……感到惭愧n①Bobwasashamedthathehadbeensorudetohisparents.鲍勃因对自己父母如此粗鲁而感到羞愧。②Iamashamedto_tell_(tell)anyonethatIhavefailedthatdrivingtestagain.我羞于告诉任何人我的驾照考试又没通过。③Hewasashamedofhavingfailedinthefinalexamination.他因期末考试不及格而感到羞愧。[Wordfamily][辨析比较]　ashamed,shamefulashamed指人感到羞耻、惭愧、害臊等，主语一般是人shameful指事物或行为本身是可耻的、不道德的，意为：可耻的，不道德的。主语多为事物或行为[语境串记]　Youshouldbeashamedofyourshamefulbehaviors，oryouwillbeashamelessman.你应该为你可耻的行为感到羞愧，要不然你将是一个不知羞耻的人。3．(教材P10)Ifthepersonsays“no”，sheisannoyed.如果那个人说“不”，她会很恼火。annoyvt.烦扰，打搅，使烦恼/恼火(1)annoyedadj.　　　　　　恼怒的；生气的；烦恼的(2)beannoyedwithsb.　　　　　对某人生气beannoyedat/about/forsth.因某事生气beannoyedby...被……惹恼beannoyedtodosth.对做某事生气①Itannoyedhimwhensomeonemadefunofhisuglyhandwriting.当有人取笑他的字迹难看时，他十分恼火。②Weareveryannoyedat/about/for_hismistake,becausewehaveemphasizedthisforseveraltimes.我们对他的错误感到非常生气，因为我们已经对此强调了许多遍了。③Iwasannoyedwithhimbecausehekeptinterruptingme.我对他烦透了，因为他不停地打断我的话。④Thesalesgirlwasmuchannoyedto_see(see)thatallthecustomershadleft.n看到所有的顾客都走了，这位女售货员非常生气。[Wordfamily]annoyancen．　恼怒，烦恼；使人烦恼的事annoyingadj.使人烦恼的、使生气的；恼人的；烦人的annoyedadj.恼怒的，烦恼的[语境串记]　Hisconstantjokingwasbeginningtoannoyher.Annoyingashewas,Ithoughtsheshouldnotbeannoyedwithhim.他不停地开玩笑，已开始惹她不高兴了。尽管他很烦人，我认为她也不该对他生气。4．(教材P11)Commentontheobject.评价一下这个东西。comment(1)vi.&vt.评论，评价；表示意见commenton/upon　　　　评论……commentthat...评论说……①Jeancommentedthatshethoughtitwastimeforustogohome.琼说她觉得我们该回家了。②ThePrimeMinisterrefusedtocommenton/upontherumorthatheplannedtoresign.首相拒绝就他计划辞职的谣言作出任何评论。(2)n.评论，解释，议论，意见nocomment　　　　　　　　　　　无可奉告withoutcomment未作评论makeacomment/commentson/about评论……③—Doyouhaveanycommentaboutthecauseoftheemergency?—No_comment!——“您对这起突发事件发生的原因有何评论？”——“无可奉告！”④Thespokesmanrefusedtomakecommentson/aboutthatproblem.发言人拒绝对那个问题发表看法。⑤Hehandedmethedocumentwithout_comment.他未作任何评论就把文件交给了我。5．(教材P11)Taketurnstobethecustomer.轮流当顾客。taketurnstodo/doingsth.轮流做某事；依次做某事ntakeone’sturn　　　　　依次，轮到某人inturn依次，轮流；反过来，转而byturns轮流，交替Itisone’sturntodosth.轮到某人做某事inone’sturn轮到某人；接着①Theytookturnstotake/takingcareoftheirsickmother.他们轮流照看生病的母亲。②Peopletrytoavoidpublictransportationdelaysbyusingtheirowncars,andthis_in_turn_createsmoreproblems.人们使用自己的小汽车避免公共交通延误，反过来，这将造成更多的问题。③Ithinkit’smyturn_to_drive(drive)thekidstoschoolthisweek.我想这周该轮到我开车送孩子们上学了。④Whenitwas_in_my_turn,_Iwastooexcitedtospeak.当轮到我时，我激动得都说不出话来了。6．(教材P12)Well,ifbuyingabagofcandiesorcookiesdoesn’tappealtoyou,howaboutbuyingatreeinstead?嗯，你如果对买一袋糖果或甜点不感兴趣，那(用这钱)买一棵树如何？appeal(1)vi.吸引，使感兴趣；呼吁，恳求appealtosb.　　　　　吸引某人；呼吁某人appealtosb.forsth.为……向某人呼吁/恳求appealtosb.todosth.呼吁/恳求某人做某事①Thenewfilmappealedtomanypeoplebecauseofitsmovingstory.这部新影片因其感人的故事吸引了很多人。②Hecouldn’taffordthemedicaltreatmentforhisdaughtersoheappealedtothepublicforhelp.他无力支付儿女的医药费，因此向公众求助。③Weappealtothepublicto_make(make)contributionstoabetterenvironment.我们呼吁公众为建设一个更好的环境做贡献。(2)n.吸引力；呼吁，恳求；上诉makeanappealtosb.for/todosth.呼吁某人某事/做某事④Thepolicemadeanappealto_thepublicto_remain(remain)calm.警方呼吁公众保持镇静。n7．(教材P12)Yes,atreealongthebanksoftheYellowRivertobeexact.是的，确切地说是黄河岸边的一棵树。tobeexact确切地说，准确地说(相当于exactlyspeaking)①Hecamebackatmidnight.Tobeexact(＝Exactlyspeaking),itwasfivetotwelve.他是半夜回来的。确切地说，是11点55分回来的。[名师点津]　tobeexact“确切地说”，相当于exactlyspeaking，是不定式的独立成分，在句中作插入语。tobehonest＝honestlyspeaking　老实说tobefrank＝franklyspeaking坦白说totellyouthetruth老实告诉你tobegin/startwith首先②To_be_honest_(＝Honestlyspeaking),ittookmemorethanamonthtoadjustmyselftothenewschoollife.老实说，我花了一个多月时间才适应新学校的生活。③To_tell_you_the_truth,_yourplanisveryattractive,butitdoesn’tseemtobepractical.说实话，你的计划很吸引人，不过似乎不太实际。8．(教材P12)Thesoilcontainsmaterialstokeepthenaturalbalanceofthearea.这些泥土中含有保持该地区自然界平衡的物质。containvt.包含，含有；容纳①Hewasworried,becausehelosthisbagcontaininghispassport,IDcardandalotofmoney.他很担心，因为他丢了装有护照、身份证和一大笔钱的包。②Theroomistoosmallto_contain(contain)somanypeople.房间太小容纳不了那么多人。[辨析比较]　contain,includecontain侧重“内容”，通常用来指某容器中盛(装)有某物；还可指某种物质中含有某成分或含有其他物质，可用来表示包含所含之物的全部或一部分ninclude侧重“范围”，通常表示把某事物作为其中的一部分包含在内，在句中常构成分词短语sth.included或includingsth.[语境串记]　NicetastingfruitscontainingvitaminCsellwell,includingoranges,pineapplesandsoon.含有维生素C的好吃的水果销量很好，包括橘子、菠萝等。balance(1)n.天平；平衡；平衡能力keep/breakthebalanceof　　　保持/打破……的平衡keep/loseone’sbalance保持/失去平衡(强调动作)beoutofbalance失去平衡(强调状态)keepabalancebetween...and...保持……之间的平衡①Thecitizensshouldhavetheawarenessofkeepingthebalanceofenvironment.市民应该有保持生态平衡的这种意识。②Youareworkingtoohard.You’dbetterkeep_a_balance_betweenworkandrelaxation.你工作太劳累了。你最好使工作与休闲保持均衡。③Whenhewasrunningafterhisbrother,theboylost_his_balanceandhadabadfall.(2015·湖北高考单选)当这个男孩追赶弟弟的时候，他失去了平衡，狠狠的摔了一跤。(2)vi.&vt.保持平衡；权衡；跟……相抵(1)balance...with...　　　使……和……保持平衡balance...against...权衡……与……(2)balancedadj.均衡的，平衡的keepabalanceddiet保持饮食平衡④Youshouldbalancetheadvantagesagainstthedisadvantagesbeforeyougiveupyourpresentjob.在你放弃目前这份工作之前，你应该权衡一下利弊。⑤You’dbetterkeepabalanced(balance)dietforthebenefitofyourhealth.为了有益于身体健康你最好保持均衡饮食。9．(教材P12)Youmayagreewiththispointofview.你可能会同意这种观点。agreewithn同意(某人的意见，观点，看法等)，赞成；与……一致；(食物，天气等)对……适宜①I’msorrytotellyouthatIcan’tagreewithyouonthismatter.很遗憾地告诉你，在这个问题上我不同意你的意见。②Hisconductdoesn’tagreewithhiswords,sofewpeopletrusthim.他言行不一，因此几乎没有人信任他了。[辨析比较]　agreewith,agreeto,agreeonagreewith同意某人的意见、观点、看法等常接宾语为sb./idea/opinion等(气候、食物等)适宜；与……一致常接宾语为sb./sth.agreeto同意某人的计划、安排、建议等常接宾语为plan/arrangement/suggestion等agreeon就某事达成共识(主语多是两个或两个以上的人)常接宾语为sth.③Youlookwell.TheairandtheseafoodsinSanyamustagreewithyou,Isuppose.你的气色看上去不错，我猜三亚的空气和海边的食物肯定很适合你。④Doyouthinkhewillagreetomysuggestion?你认为他会同意我的建议吗？⑤Jayphonedmethismorning,andweagreedonatimeandplacetomeet.今天早上杰伊给我打电话，我们约定了见面的时间和地点。[语境串记]　WhenJackaskedmeifmywifeagreedtospendtheholidayinthenorth,Isaidthatsheagreedtomysuggestion,soweagreedonadateforit，andmywifeagreedwithwhatwedid.杰克问我，我太太是否同意去北方度假，我说她同意我的建议，于是我们就定了个日子，我太太对我们的做法表示同意。10．(教材P12)Stillpuzzledhowyour5yuancanhavesomucheffect?还是不理解你的5元钱怎么会有如此大的作用吗？puzzlevt.使困惑n．谜；难题；令人费解的事puzzleabout/over...　苦苦思索……beinapuzzle处于困惑之中，不知如何是好bepuzzledby/about/over...对……感到迷惑不解①Whatpuzzledmewasthatwhyshemadenoresponsetomyemail.令我感到困惑的是，她为什么没有回复我的邮件。②Wherethemissingplanehasgonestillremainsapuzzletous.n失联飞机去了哪儿对我们来说仍是个谜。③Thepolicearestillpuzzlingabout/overhowtheaccidentcouldhavehappened.警察仍在苦思这起事故是怎么发生的。④I’mstillin_a_puzzleastohowtocombineworkwithexercise.我仍然不知道该如何把工作与锻炼结合起来。⑤Iampuzzledbyhispuzzling(puzzle)attitudeafterhearinghiswords.听了他的话后，我为他令人困惑的态度伤脑筋。[Wordfamily]puzzlingadj.　　　　　　令人困惑的puzzledadj.困惑的，迷惑不解的[语境串记]　Althoughhehadbeenpuzzlingaboutthepuzzlingproblemforweeks,thepuzzledlookonhisfacesuggestedhewasstillpuzzledoverit—thatis,hewasstillinapuzzle.那个令人费解的问题尽管他已冥思苦想了好几个星期，但是他脸上困惑的表情表明他仍然对此感到迷惑不解——也就是说，他仍然处于困惑之中。11．(教材P13)Atthattime,womenwereexpectedtostayathome,takecareoftheirhusbandsandchildren,andbehavelikeladies.那时，人们希望妇女们待在家里，照顾她们的丈夫和孩子，并且行为举止要有女人样。behavevi.举止，表现vt.表现得体，有礼貌behavewell/badly　　表现好/差；对某人好/差(to/towards)behaveoneself规矩点，有礼貌①Theyoungladybehavedcourageouslyinfaceofdanger.那位年轻女士面对危险表现得十分勇敢。②Ifparentsdonotteachtheirchildhowtobehave_himself,_hewilldoanythingatwill.如果父母不教给他们的孩子如何守规矩，他做任何事情会我行我素。③It’samazingthattheyshouldhavebehavedbadlytowards/totheirEnglishteacher.真是令人吃惊，他们竟然对他们的英语老师这么不礼貌。[Wordfamily]behaviourn．　　　　　　举止；行为wellbehavedadj.表现好的badlybehavedadj.表现差的[语境串记]　Muchtomysurprise,hebehavedasifnothinghadhappened.Inngeneral,Iwasquitepleasedwithhisbehaviour.使我非常吃惊的是，他表现得好像什么事也没发生过。总之，我对他的表现非常满意。12．(教材P13)Theyweredeterminedtotaketheopportunitytoadvanceacrosstheriver.他们决心抓住这次机会前进跨过河流。advance(1)v.前进；促进；提出；(使)提前；取得进展①ThedateofthemeetinghasbeenadvancedfromFridaytoMonday.会议日期已经从星期五提前到了星期一。②ThePLAmenareadvancingon/towards_thefronttofighttheflood.解放军正在向抗洪前线前进。(2)n.前进，进展inadvance(＝aheadoftime)提前，预先，事先inadvanceof...在……前面；比……进步/超前；超过makegreatadvances(in)在……方面取得很大进步③Thismeetingroomisanonsmokingarea.Iwouldliketowarnyou_in_advancethatifyousmokedhereyouwouldbefined.(2015·湖北高考多选)这个会议室是无烟区。我想提前提醒你，如果你在这里吸烟，就会被罚款。④Couldyoudistributethecopieswellinadvance_ofthemeeting?你能否在会前分发好材料？⑤Xi’an,witharichhistoryandculture,hasmade_great_advances_(in)preventingthepollutionoftheenvironmentoverthepast10years.西安这座有着悠久历史文化的古城，在过去的十年里在保护环境污染这方面取得了很大的进展。[Wordfamily]advancedadj.　　　先进的；高级的；后期的advancingadj.前进的；年长的advancementn.前进，进步；提升1.somethingthatisofverygoodvalue非常有价值的东西ofverygoodvalue属于“of＋名词”结构，相当于veryvaluable。“of＋名词”结构的具体用法是：n(1)名词是use/importance/help/value/interest/quality/benefit/necessity等时，“of＋名词”相当于其名词所对应的形容词，这类名词前可用no,some,any,little,much,great等词修饰。①Thefactorysetuptheyearbeforeisofgreatsignificancetothisarea’seconomy.＝Thefactorysetuptheyearbeforeisgreatly_significanttothisarea’seconomy.前年建起的这个工厂对这个地区的经济有着重大的意义。②Hisopinionisconsideredtobeofgreatvalue.＝Hisopinionisconsideredtobevery_valuable.大家一致认为他的观点很有价值。2．Ifso,itistimeforyoutothinkagain.若真这样想的话，现在到了你重新考虑的时候了。(1)句中Ifso为条件状语从句Ifitisso的省略，意为“如果是这样的话，”so代替前面的分句或句子的意思，构成缩略条件句，语意可由上下文语境得知；其否定缩略形式为ifnot,意为“如果不是这样的话”。①Wearetoldthathewillcometonight,andifso,ourmeetingwillbeheldtomorrow.Ifnot,therewon’tbeanymeetingtomorrow.有人告诉我们他今晚会来。如果他来的话，我们将要明天开会；如果他不来的话，明天就将不开会。常见的if型省略结构还有：ifany　　　　　　如果有的话ifnecessary如果需要的话ifpossible如果可能的话ifever如果曾经有的话ifnot如果不这样的话，如果没有的话②Therearefewpeoplenowadays,if_any,_whorememberhim.当今记得他的人，即便是有，也不多了。③If_possible,_trytogotobedandwakeupatthesametimeeveryday.如果可能的话，尝试每天都在同一时间睡觉和起床。④Studentswilllearntwoforeignlanguages,if_necessary.如果必要的话，学生们要学习两门外语。(2)在表示时间、让步、条件等状语从句中，若主、从句的主语一致或从句的主语是it，且谓语中含有be动词时，常省略从句的主语和be动词。⑤Whenvisiting(visit)anothercountry,youshouldbeawareofthosendifferencesandrespectthem.当你参观另外一个国家的时候，你应该意识到这些差异并尊敬这些差异。⑥Videogamescanbeapoorinfluenceifleft(leave)inthewronghands.如果电子游戏落入一个错误的人手中就能够产生一个不良影响。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Researchisalsoadvanced(advance)byfrequentconferencestoexchangeexperience.2．Hereadtheemailhiswifepostedtohimwithapuzzled(puzzle)expressiononhisface.3．Shebargainedwiththetradertillhesoldherthefruitcheaply.4．Ithinkwhatappealstomeaboutherperformanceis(be)herwalkingwayandsweetvoice.5．Theteachergotveryannoyed(annoy)whentheboystudentrefusedtoanswerhisquestion.6．SomeofyoumayhavefinishedUnitOne.Ifso,_youcangoontoUnitTwo.7．Theytookcareoftheirsickfatherbyturns.8．Exactly(exact)speaking,thisroomisthreetimesthesizeofthatone.9．Hewasashamedtocheat,becauseherealizedthatitwasshamefultocheatintheexam.(shame)10．Ican’tagreewithyouonthispoint.Ⅱ.完成句子1．Hedidn’tcomment_onwhatIsaidatthemeeting.在会上他对我的话未作评论。2．Cartoonprogrammesespeciallyappeal_to_young_children.动画片对年幼的儿童尤其有吸引力。3．Thechildcouldn’tkeep_his_balanceonhisnewbicycle.在骑新自行车的时候，那个小孩无法保持平衡。4．Youmustpayforthebookin_advance.你必须提前付款来买这本书。5．Thebottlecontains_2_glasses_of_beer.这个瓶子装有两杯啤酒。n6．Yourcaris_of_a_sizewithminebutof_different_colors.你的车和我的车是一种型号但颜色不同。一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Hisbehaviour(行为举止)atthepartywascompletelyoutofcharacter.2．Thetwinbrothersstoodunderthetree,puzzled(迷惑不解的)andsayingnothing.3．Thetightropewalkerkepther_balance_(平衡)byholdingupanumbrella.4．Thebusinessmanistiredoftheworkersbargaining(讨价还价)forbetterpay.5．Hewasashamed(感到羞愧的)thathecouldn’tgiveananswer.6．Theboycanbereallyannoying(烦人的)attimes,butafterawhile,you’llgetusedtohim.7．YouareanexpertinITindustry.Haveyouanycomments(评论)tomakeonthelatestdevelopments?8．Thelocalgovernmentisappealing(呼吁)tothecitizenstotakeactiontodealwiththespreadofthedisease.9．Whenheopenedtheschoolbag,hefoundthatitcontained(包含)twobooks,apenandaneraser.10．Thiswillfurtheradvance(促进)thefriendlyrelationsbetweenthetwocountries.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Withthehelpoftheadvanced(advance)technology,wecancompletethetaskin_advance.2．Inthemarketseveralwomenwerebargaining_withthedealerabout/overthepriceofthecoffee.3．Theythreetookturnsdriving/to_drive_(drive)thecaronthewayuptoCanada.4．Thegovernmentisappealingtothepublicto_help(help)thosewholosttheirhomesintheflood.5．Weagreedonthepriceanditwasarealbargain.6．Ifasked(ask)tolookafterluggageforsomeoneelse,informthepoliceatnonce.7．Hismotherwasannoyedwithhimfor/aboutbeingsorudetoherneighbors.8．TheChinesedietisconsideredtobethehealthiestintheworld,containing(contain)alotoffruitsandvegetables.9．Asweallknow，smokingisofnobenefit(beneficial)toyou.10．Nowadaysmoreandmorepeoplehavecometorealizetheimportanceofabalanced(balance)diettotheirhealth.Ⅲ.句型转换1．Herefusedtocommentonpersonalaffairsofothers.＝Herefusedtomakecommentson/aboutpersonalaffairsofothers.2．Shealwaysbecomesangryatsmallthings.＝Shealwaysbecomesannoyedat/aboutsmallthings.3．Thepoliceappealedtothepublicforinformationaboutthemurder.＝Thepolicemadeanappealtothepublicforinformationaboutthemurder.4．Tobefrank,Idon’tknowmuchaboutChinesefood.＝Franklyspeaking,_Idon’tknowmuchaboutChinesefood.5．Theprogresswhichwillbemadesoonisveryimportant.＝Theprogresstobemadesoonisofgreatimportance.6．Hedidn’tbeginstudyingFrenchuntilheentereduniversity.＝ItwasnotuntilheentereduniversitythathebeganstudyingFrench.7．Ifyou’vefinished,wecanhaveacoffee,andifyouhaven’tfinished,you’dbetterkeepworking.＝Ifyou’vefinished,wecanhaveacoffee,andifnot,_you’dbetterkeepworking.8．Thislineisaslongasthatone.＝Thetwolinesareofthesamelength.Ⅳ.课文语法填空WhenlessismoreWhatcanyoudowith5yuan？If1.buying(buy)abagofcandiesorcookiesdoesn’tappealtoyou,youcanbuyatreealongthebanksoftheYellowRiver.Everyyear,2.approximately_(approximate)1.6billiontonsofsoilflowsintotheYellowRiver.Thesoilcontainsmaterialstokeepthe3.natural(nature)balanceofthearea.Overtime,alotofsoil4.has_been_removed(remove),whichhascausedseriouserosion.InsomeareasinShanxiProvince,thishasdestroyedalmostalltheland,nandhasforcedmanylocalfarmers5.to_move(move)tootherareas.Infact,youhavethemostimportantroletoplayin6.stopping(stop)YellowRivererosion.Forastart,youcanuse5yuantobuyatree,7.whichwillhelpmakesoilstayontheland.Onlandwithrichsoil,localfarmerscangrowcropstomake8._aliving.Withthemoneytheyearnfromtheircrops,farmersbuygoodsorservices.Thishelpstodeveloplocaleconomies.Ifyouarestill9.puzzled_(puzzle)howyour5yuancanhavesomucheffect,justtakealookatthefactbelow.Since1997,atreeplantingprogrammehaschangedtheJiuchengongValleyinInnerMongoliaintoagreenhomeland.Visitorsfromallovertheworldnowcometoadmirethisgreat10.achievement(achieve)．Whatismore,thesuccessoftheprogrammehasgreatlyimprovedthelivesofthelocalpeople.Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达网购对越来越多的人充满了吸引力(appealto)。根据大众评论(comment)，网购是一种先进的(advanced)购物方式。一方面，它包含了(contain)各种各样的非常有价值(beof＋n.)的商品。另一方面，许多人羞于(beashamedof)与店主面对面地讨价还价(bargain)，因为有时任何一方行为不当都会导致彼此恼怒(annoy)，但网购可以避免这种尴尬的局面。越来越多的人更喜欢网购，这很好的平衡(balance)了他们的时间，感受和工作。Shopping_online_appeals_to_more_and_more_people._According_to_people’s_comment,_it_is_an_advanced_way_of_shopping._On_the_one_hand,_it_contains_a_variety_of_goods_which_are_of_great_value._On_the_other_hand,_many_people_are_ashamed_of_bargaining_with_the_shop_owners_face_to_face,_because_sometimes_if_either_of_them_doesn’t_behave_well_，it_will_make_them_annoyed._But_shopping_online_can_avoid_this_embarrassing_situation._In_a_word,_more_and_more_people_prefer_to_shop_online,_which_can_balance_their_time,_feelings_and_work.二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧Ⅰ.阅读理解It’supthererightnow,flyingabout340milesabovetheearth.It’satelescopeinthesky.It’scalledtheHubbleSpaceTelescope.Thetelescopeitselfisnotreallymuchtolookat.Ifyoucouldseeitrightnow,youmightthinkit’sjustabigbucketwithtwosolararms.It’saboutthesizeofaschoolbusandweighsaboutasmuchastwoelephants.Butthatsilverbucketispuregoldforastronomers.IthasmadesuchabigimpactthatNASA,thespaceagencythattakesamazingpictures,callsHubblethemostnimportantadvanceinastronomysinceGalileo’stelescope.Hubbledidn’twinhighmarksinthebeginning.ItwaslaunchedonApril24,1990,aboardthespaceshuttleDiscoveryfromKennedySpaceCenter,Florida.Thenextdayitwasreleasedintospace,butscientistssoonrealizedtherewasabigproblem.Thetelescope’sprimarymirrorhadaflaw(瑕疵).Hubblebecamealatenighttalkshowjoke.ButinDecemberof1993shuttleEndeavourastronautsrepairedthetelescope.Thelatenightjokestopped.SowhyisHubblesospecial?Becauseit’sonwhatNASAcallstheultimatemountaintop.Sittinghighabovetheearth,farawayfromourlightpollutedcitiesandhovering(盘旋)farawayfromcloudsandstorms,Hubblehasagoodviewoftheuniverse.Scientistshaveusedittomakeobservationsaboutplanets,stars,galaxiesandtoshowpartsofouruniversewedidn’tknow.Thetelescopehasmademorethan1millionobservationsandastronomershaveusedHubbledatainmorethan12,700scientificpapers,makingitoneofthemostproductivescientificinstrumentseverbuilt.Eventually,Hubblewillstopworking.NASAhopestouseaspaceshuttletobringithomeforamuseumexhibit.Now,itseemsthatNASAwillhavetocomeupwithaplantohelpitssuperstartelescopecomebacktotheearthandfallintothesea.Hubblefanshopethatdateisfarinthefuture,butNASAalreadyhasplanstosendupanewspacebasedinstrument,theJamesWebbSpaceTelescope,in2018.语篇解读：本文是说明文。哈勃太空望远镜帮助拍摄了大量的太空图片，为科学研究提供了重要资料。现在，美国国家航空航天局想要将其带回地球并陈列于博物馆中。1．WhatdoestheHubbleSpaceTelescopelooklike?A．Aschoolbus.　　　　B．Aheavyelephant.C．Aroundbucket.D．Alongarm.解析：选C　细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Ifyoucouldseeitrightnow,youmightthinkit’sjustabigbucketwithtwosolararms”可知，哈勃太空望远镜看起来就像个水桶。2．WhydidtheHubbleSpaceTelescopebecomealatenightjoke?A．Ithadaflawinitsprimarymirror.B．ItwaslaunchedinFlorida.C．Itappearedonatalkshow.D．Ittooktheamazingpictures.n解析：选A　细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Thetelescope’sprimarymirrorhadaflaw.Hubblebecamealatenighttalkshowjoke.”可知，哈勃太空望远镜的主要镜片上有一个瑕疵，这使其成了午夜谈话的笑话。3．WhatdothescientiststhinkoftheHubbleSpaceTelescope?A．Effectiveanduseful.B．Specialandstrange.C．Ancientandhelpless.D．Interestingandfunny.解析：选A　推理判断题。根据文章第四段可知，哈勃太空望远镜为科学研究提供了重要资料，并且成为了富有成效的科学仪器，故科学家认为它是高效、有用的。4．WherewilltheHubbleSpaceTelescopestayintheend?A．Inthesea.B．Inamuseum.C．Inouterspace.D．Onthemountaintop.解析：选B　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“NASAhopestouseaspaceshuttletobringithomeforamuseumexhibit”可知，美国国家航空航天局想要将哈勃太空望远镜带回地球并陈列于博物馆中。Ⅱ.语法填空Inthepast,humanactivities__1__(have)littleeffectonglobalwarming,butnowtheyhavecausedtheriseoftheearthtemperature.Allscientistsagreethattheincreaseinthetemperatureresults__2__theburningoffossilfuels.Oneofsomebyproducts(副产品)__3__(call)greenhousegasesiscarbondioxide(二氧化碳)whichcantrapmoreheatenergyintheatmosphere.Overthelast100years,thetemperatureoftheearth__4__(increase).The__5__(attitude)towardsthisrisearecompletelydifferent.Somearepositive__6__othersarenegative.Thosewhoarepositivethinkthatwithoutthegreenhousegasestheearthwouldbe__7__(cool)thanitis,__8__wouldnotbesuitabletoliveon.Othersthinktheriseoftheearthtemperaturemaycauseseverestorms,floods,droughts(干旱)andsoon.__9__(actual),greenhousegaseswillcontinuetobuildupintheatmosphere.Luckily,wehumanbeingsaredoingwhatwecan__10__(reduce)greenhousegases.Moreimportantly,individualscanmakeadifference.1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________9．________　10.________答案：1.had　2.from　3.called　4.hasincreased/hasbeenincreasing　5.attitudes　6.while　7.cooler　8.whichn9．Actually　10.toreduce