2019高中英语刷题首选卷基础练能力练unit5firstaid课时作业（一）（含解析）新人教版 7页

SectionⅡ　TheLanguagePointsofReading课时作业(一)对应学生用书P51Ⅰ.完形填空Lauren,17,wastravellinghomewithherfatherfromafirstaidroadshowwhentheyfoundthepolicealongsidetwoyoungmenlyingfacedowninthestreet.Lauren'sfather,MickAskham,remembered,“Thetwoyoungmenhadbeen__1__inastreetfight.Sincethepoliceweren'tcarryinganyfirstaidgear,theywere__2__whenLaurenandIstoppedtohelp.”Laurensaid,“ThiswasmyfirstincidentandIkeptthinkingtomyself:juststay__3__.AllthethingsI'dlearnedduringfirstaidtrainingcamebacktome.”Sheexplained,“Onelad(少年)hadbeenhithardoverthehead—hisheadwas__4__openandhealmostlost__5__.Theotherhadbeenstabbed(捅)nearthetopofhislegandwas__6__badly.”“Mydadwentoverto__7__theladwiththeheadinjury,talkingtohimallthewhiletotryandkeephim__8__.Meanwhile,Ithenjoinedapoliceofficertotreattheotherman'sknifeinjury,__9__Dadshoutedtotelluswhattodo.”Mickadded,“ThemanLaurenandthepoliceofficerhelpedhadaseriousknife__10__，sotheyapplieddirectpressureand__11__apadoverthewound.”Afterfiveminutes,thingstookasharp__12__fortheworsewhenlargegroupsofyoungmenreturnedtothe__13__andcontinuedtheirargumentwiththepolicejusttenyardsawayfromthefirstaiders.Laurenrecalled,“Theystartedshoutingand__14__eachotherrightnexttous—itwasreallythreatening.Youthink,‘AmIin__15__here？’Butwejustcarriedonhelpingtheinjured—withallthistroublegoingon__16__us—untiltheambulancesarrived.”Mickadded,“Lauren__17__fantasticcouragefora17yearoldwithonlybasicfirstaidskills.There'snodoubtthatherandthepoliceofficer'sactions—__18__thecasualty'sbleedingandkeepinghim__19__—helpedtheguybeforethe__20__arrived.”　1．A.defeatedB．rejectednC．injuredD．assisted答案：C　结合第一段中的“twoyoungmenlyingfacedowninthestreet”和空格后面的“inastreetfight”可知，这两个人在街头打架中受伤了。injured“受伤的”。2．A.admirableB．excitedC．cautiousD．grateful答案：D　由空格前面的“Sincethepoliceweren'tcarryinganyfirstaidgear”可知，由于警察没有任何的急救设备，因此当劳伦和她的父亲来帮忙的时候，警察们非常感激。3．A.calmB．stillC．quietD．safe答案：A　根据空格前面的“ThiswasmyfirstincidentandIkeptthinkingtomyself”可知，这是她第一次进行急救，因此告诫自己：要保持镇定，不要慌。stayclam“保持镇定”。4．A.spottedB．splitC．confirmedD．pressed答案：B　结合空格前面的“Onelad(少年)hadbeenhithardoverthehead”可知，一位少年的头部受到了严重的创伤。split“把……分开；(使)裂开”。5．A.heartB．memoryC．consciousnessD．courage答案：C　根据前面的“hisheadwas__4__open”可知，这位少年的头部受伤严重，因此几乎失去了意识。6．A.swellingB．tremblingC．hurtingD．bleeding答案：D　由前面的“Theotherhadbeenstabbed(捅)nearthetopofhisleg”可知，另外一位少年的腿部被刀捅了，因此流血不止。7．A.cureB．rollC．treatD．blame答案：C　结合空格前面的“Mydadwentover”和后面的“theladwiththeheadinjury”可知，此处表示劳伦的父亲去救治头部受伤的那位少年。下文中的“treattheotherman'sknifeinjury”也是提示。8．A.awakeB．silentC．aliveD．asleep答案：A　由语境并结合常识可知，劳伦的父亲和这位头部严重受伤的少年说话，目的是使他保持清醒。9．A.thoughB．whilenC．becauseD．when答案：B　此处与前面的“Ithenjoinedapoliceofficertotreattheotherman'sknifeinjury”进行对比，while在这里表示两种情况的对比。10．A.infectionB．symptomC．poisonD．wound答案：D　这里表示他受到的刀伤，因此使用wound。下文中的apadoverthewound也是提示。11．A.placedB．madeC．preservedD．packed答案：A　结合语境“theyapplieddirectpressure”和后面的“apadoverthewound”可知，此处表示在他的伤口上放了一块垫子。12．A.increaseB．changeC．turnD．effect答案：C　从空格前面的“thingstookasharp”和后面的“fortheworse”可知，此处表示事情变得更糟了。takeasharpturn“(突如其来的)变化”。13．A.squareB．sceneC．shopD．station答案：B　结合空格后面的“continuedtheirargumentwiththepolicejusttenyardsawayfromthefirstaiders”可知，此处表示那些人又回到了现场(scene)，和警察们开始争吵。14．A.comfortingB．cryingC．attendingD．threatening答案：D　由后面提到的“itwasreallythreatening”并结合选项可知，D项符合语境。15．A.dangerB．needC．controlD．charge答案：A　与前面的“threatening”呼应，此处表示处在危险之中。16．A.withB．forC．aroundD．to答案：C　根据语境可知，劳伦和她父亲在进行急救的时候，周围一片混乱。17．A.acquiredB．showedC．demandedD．represented答案：B　根据后面的“fantasticcouragefora17yearoldwithonlybasicfirstaidskills”可知，此处是说劳伦展现了(showed)非凡的勇气。n18．A.easingB．preventingC．inspectingD．circulating答案：B　根据上文内容和后面的“thecasualty'sbleeding”可知，此处表示阻止(preventing)受伤的人流血。19．A.enjoyableB．patientC．motionlessD．energetic答案：C　结合第一段中的“lyingfacedowninthestreet”和该空格前面的“keepinghim”可知，应选C，表示使他保持不动。20．A.ambulanceB．policeC．firefighterD．audience答案：A　由文章倒数第二段最后一句中的“untiltheambulancesarrived”可知，此处表示在救护车到来之前。Ⅱ.阅读理解ACarbonmonoxide(一氧化碳)poisoningkillsandinjuresmanypeopleandanimalsaroundtheworld.Thegashasbeenaproblemsincepeoplefirstbeganburningfuelstocookfoodortocreateheat.Itisaprobleminallpartsoftheworldthatexperiencecoldweather.Carbonmonoxideiscalledthesilentkillerbecausepeopledonotknowitisintheair.Thegashasnocolor.Ithasnotaste.Ithasnosmell.Itdoesnotcauseburningeyes.Anditdoesnotcausepeopletocough.Butitisverydeadly.Itrobsthebodyofitsabilitytouseoxygen.Carbonmonoxidedecreasestheabilityofthebloodtocarryoxygentobodytissues.Itdoesthisbylinkingwiththeblood.Whenthegaslinkswiththeblood,thebloodisnolongerabletocarryoxygentothetissuesthatneedit.Damagetothebodycanbeginveryquicklyfromlargeamountsofcarbonmonoxide.Howquicklythishappensdependsonthelengthoftimeapersonisbreathingthegasandtheamountofthegasheorshebreathesin.Carbonmonoxidepoisoninghaswarningsigns.Butpeoplehavetobeawaketorecognizethem.Smallamountsofthegaswillcauseaperson'sheadtohurt.Heorshemaybegintofeeltired.Thepersonmayfeelsick.Theroommayappeartobeturningaround.Thepersonmayhavetroublethinkingclearly.Peopledevelopsevereheadpainsastheamountofthegascontinuestoentertheirblood.Theywillbegintofeelverytiredandsleepy.Theymayhaveterriblestomachpains.nMedicalexpertssaycarbonmonoxideaffectspeopledifferently.Forexample,asmallchildwillexperiencehealthproblemsordiemuchquickerthananadultwill.Thegeneralhealthofthepersonorhisorheragecanalsobeimportant.Anolderadultwithhealthproblemsmaysuffertheeffectsofcarbonmonoxidemorequicklythanayoungerpersonwithnohealthproblems.Peoplewithheartdiseasemaysufferchestpains.Theymaybegintohavetroublebreathing.1．Whyiscarbonmonoxidecalledthesilentkiller?A．Becauseittastesandsmellsgood.B．Becauseitisnoteasilynoticed.C．Becauseitkillsandinjurespeople.D．Becauseitalwaysharmspeople.答案：B　推理判断题。由文章第二段内容可知，一氧化碳无色、无味、不刺激眼睛，也不会让人咳嗽，也就是说它不容易被人发觉。故选B。2．Howdoescarbonmonoxideharmpeople?A．Itmakespeople'sbloodunabletomove.B．Itdecreasestheamountofbloodinthebody.C．Itmakesbodytissuesfullofblood.D．Itmakesthebloodlessabletocarryoxygen.答案：D　细节理解题。由第三段第一句可知，一氧化碳伤害人体的方式是：降低血液携带氧气的能力。3．Whenpeoplebreatheinsmallamountsofcarbonmonoxide,theymay________.A．feelalittledizzyB．sufferasevereheadacheC．goaroundintheroomD．haveaterriblestomachache答案：A　推理判断题。倒数第二段向我们描述了人体吸入一氧化碳后的反应：吸入少量时，会头疼，感觉恶心，会觉得房子在转动，不能清晰地思考。A项所说的“feelalittledizzy”对应“Theroommayappeartobeturningaround.”。4．WhichofthefollowingaboutcarbonmonoxidepoisoningisTRUE?A．Adultsareaffectedmoreseriouslythanchildren.B．Youngpeoplearemoreseverelyaffectedthanoldpeople.C．Peopleinpoorhealthmayhavesevererconsequences.nD．Peoplewithheartproblemsonlysufferfromchestpains.答案：C　细节理解题。最后一段讲述了不同的人吸入一氧化碳后的不同反应：儿童比成年人所受的影响大；老人及身体健康状况欠佳的人比年轻及身体健康的人所受的影响会更大。D项干扰性最大，但是原文的用词是“maysufferchestpains”，说明患有心脏疾病的人除一氧化碳中毒的症状之外，还可能会出现胸痛、呼吸困难等反应。BEveryoceanloverknowsthedangersofgettingcaughtinaripcurrent(离岸流).Experiencedswimmersknowitisrelativelyeasytoescapethenarrowchannelofthefastmovingwaterbyfloatingandallowingittodragyoufurtherintotheoceanorbyswimmingalongsidetheshore.However,inexperiencedbeachgoersoftenpanic,andtrytoswimtoland,placingthemselvesatriskofdrowningduetotiredness.AccordingtotheUSNationalOceanService,thecurrentskillabout100Americanseachyearandaccountfor80%ofalllifeguardrescues.Thesescarystatisticsmaysoonbeathingofthepast,thankstoCleverGirl,asmartbuoy(浮标)thatwarnsswimmersofthepresenceofdeadlyripcurrents.ThesmartdeviceisthebrainchildofAustralianteenagerMaddisonKing,whocreatedCleverGirlasaprojectforherGrade12DesignandTechnologyclass.The18yearold,whoworksasalifeguardduringhersparetime,cameupwiththebrilliantideaafterdiscoveringthatmostchildrenwereunabletodetectripcurrents.Thebasketballsizedplasticbuoy,whichcanbeattachedtoachainofsimilardevicesortheoceanfloor,isfittedwithasmallpropeller(螺旋桨).Whenthewatertravelsatthespeedofover70centimeterspersecond,itspinsthepropellerfastenoughtopowerthelightatopthebuoy,warningswimmerstostayclearofthearea.Thoughitsoundssimpleenough,theyoungsterhadtoovercomenumerousdesignchallenges.Forinstance,shepickedaredlightsinceitiseasytoseeinthebrightsunlightandalsobecausethecolorservesasauniversalwarningsignfortouriststhatdonotspeakthelocallanguage.Thedevice'ssmoothsurfaceandhighhandlesensureswimmersdonotgethurt,whiletheblack,white,andredstripedunderside,keepssharksandotheranimalsatbay.Futureversionsmightincludesomethinglikeawarningsiren,whichwouldprovidesoundwarningsofripcurrents.Besides,thepresentmodelcostsabout$300tomake.“That'sbeyondmypurse，”shelaughs,“thecosthastobecutdown.”n5．Whichofthefollowingistherightwaytoescapetheripcurrent?A．Waitingforrescues.B．Swimmingtotheshore.C．Movingfastinthewater.D．Floatingwiththewater.答案：D　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，有经验的游泳者知道，通过在快速流动的水中漂浮，让流水带着身体流入海洋或沿着海岸游泳是逃离离岸流的有效方式，故D项正确。6．WhydidMaddisondecidetoinventCleverGirl?A．Shewantedtochallengehercreativity.B．Shewasmotivatedbyherworkingexperience.C．Shewassupposedtocompleteitforherclass.D．Shewasscaredbythestatisticsofthegovernment.答案：B　推理判断题。根据第二段第二句可知，18岁的MaddisonKing在业余时间做救生员，她发现大多数孩子都无法察觉到离岸流，于是想出了这个绝妙的主意。据此可知，她的发明受到自己做救生员的工作经历的启发，故B项正确。7．WhatdoweknowaboutthepresentversionofCleverGirl?A．It'snotavailableonthemarket.B．It'squiteattractiveforseaanimals.C．It'sbasedonacomplextheory.D．Itcangivewarningsindifferentways.答案：A　推理判断题。根据第一段可知，每年大约有100个美国人死于离岸流，但这些可怕的统计数据可能很快成为过去，这多亏了离岸流预警浮标装置——CleverGirl。结合最后一段可知，这种装置的成本很高，且未形成成品；据此可以判断，其目前还没有投放市场，故A项正确。8．WhatcouldthefutureversionofCleverGirlbelike?A．Saferandgreener.B．Cheaperandsafer.C．Greenerandmoreeffective.D．Cheaperandmoreeffective.答案：D　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，这种产品目前的版本成本大约300美元，在将来成本可能下降；根据最后一段第一句可知，未来版本可能会装有警笛一类的东西以警告人们；据此可以判断，未来版本价格将降低，效果将更佳，故D项正确。