2019高中英语刷题首选卷基础练能力练unit2theunitedkingdom课时作业（二）（含解析） 8页

SectionⅡ　TheLanguagePointsofReading课时作业(二)对应学生用书P17[基础题]Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Ikeepmyreferencebooksnearmydeskforc________.答案：convenience2．Theworkersa________thetoughtaskinlessthan20minutes.答案：accomplished3．Nowadays,therearealotofc________betweenparentsandchildrenbecauseofthegenerationgap.答案：conflicts4．Theforeignersaidhisexperienceinourcountrywase________，andthathewouldcomebackagain.答案：enjoyable5．Therisingnumberofcarcrimesisa________(全国性的)problem.答案：nationwide6．What________(吸引)memostofthejobistheopportunitytotravel.答案：attractsⅡ.选词填空consistof;breakawayfrom;referto;aswell;makeup;leaveout;forconvenience;toone'scredit;beunwillingto...;divide...into1．Asisknowntousall,GreatBritainis________ofthreeparts.答案：madeup2．WhenIsaidsomepeoplewerestupid,Iwasn't________you.答案：referringto3．[2017·全国卷Ⅲ]TheYellowstonewolfprojecthasbeenavaluableexperimenttohelpbiologistsdecidewhethertoreintroducewolvestootherpartsofthecountry________.答案：aswell4．Theoldmanleadsasimplelife;hisbreakfast________drybreadandacupoftea.答案：consistsof5．Heshouldnothave________thefunniestpartofthestory.答案：leftoutn6．Itwaswrongforhimto________hisfamily.答案：breakawayfrom7．________，thetwogroupshavebeentreatedasoneinthisreport.答案：Forconvenience8．Thestudentsintheclass________fourgroupsbeforetheystartedthegame.答案：weredividedinto9．________，hehasadmittedhismistakes.答案：Tohiscredit10．Somepeople________attendtheclassespartlybecauseofthecostinvolved.答案：areunwillingtoⅢ.单句语法填空1．Thistask________(accomplish)bygreateffort.答案：isaccomplished　句意：这项任务是经过巨大努力才完成的。主语thistask和accomplish之间是被动关系，设空处作谓语，且句子陈述一个事实，故填一般现在时的被动语态isaccomplished。2．Thetwoplayersarewellmatched,________(rough)equalinability.答案：roughly　空格后的equal是形容词，应用副词修饰，故填roughly，表示“大致，差不多”。3．________isobviousthattheyoungboyisgladtoansweryourquestion.答案：It　分析句子结构可知，此处应用it作形式主语，代替后面的that从句。4．Itisbelievedthatthetruthoftheaccident________(notclarify)sofar.答案：hasnotbeenclarified　句中的sofar决定了该句应用现在完成时，因为“事实”还没有被澄清，故用现在完成时的被动语态。5．Aftertheysettle________，theyimmediatelysetouttoworkontheirresearch.答案：down　settledown意为“定居下来，过安定的生活”，是固定短语。6．Findingthedoor________(lock),littleTomhadtowaitforhisparentsoutdoors.答案：locked　句中lock作宾语补足语，thedoor和lock之间是被动关系，故用过去分词形式。Ⅳ.单句改错n1．Hecreatesalongspecialbenchtomakesurehisfellowclassmateswon'tbeleftbehindintheplaygroundwhentheyareplayinggames.________________________________________________________________________答案：behind→out2．Hewrotethesewordsinabooktokeephimselfremindingofhisaim.________________________________________________________________________答案：reminding→reminded3．Hewasgladtoseethetoughproblemssolvedsuchquickly.________________________________________________________________________答案：such→so4．Themanagersdiscussedtheplancarryoutlastyear.________________________________________________________________________答案：carry→carried5．Itisnowonderthatsheoftencomesintoaconflictwithherparents.________________________________________________________________________答案：去掉a6．Thoughthethieftriedtobreakawaythepoliceman,hefailedatlast.________________________________________________________________________答案：away后加from7．Nowthemostimportantthingistogetwaterandelectricalsourcesconnecting.________________________________________________________________________答案：connecting→connected8．Afterdividedintothreegroups,allthestudentssetoffforthetopofthemountain.________________________________________________________________________答案：divided前加beingⅤ.完成句子1．WhenIreturnedtomyoffice,I________________________________________________________________________.当我回到我的办公室时，我发现我的椅子被搬走了。答案：foundmychairremoved2．Icanstarttowork________________________________________________________________________.n只要您方便，我随时都可以开始工作。答案：wheneveritisconvenientforyou3．______________，hehasdonatedconsistentlywithoutrequestinganythinginreturn.值得赞扬的是，他一直以来都在做捐助，却从没要求任何回报。答案：Tohiscredit4．______________heshouldmisssuchagoodopportunity.令人遗憾的是，他竟会失去这样一个好机会。答案：Itisapitythat5．Wemustget______________bytomorrowmorning.我们必须在明天早上以前把所有的工作都做完。答案：allworkfinished[能力题]Ⅰ.阅读理解A[2017·河南八市重点高中质检]IntroductionBlenheimPalaceisoneoftheEurope'slargestandgreatestpalaces.Itwasbuiltbetween1705and1722asarewardoftheBritishgovernmenttoJohnChurchill,1stDukeofMarlborough,fordefeatingKingLouisXIV'sarmyatBlenheim,asmallBavarianvillageontheDanubeRiver.ThepalacewasdesignedbySirJohnVanbrugh,whichdisplayedstrengthandarmglory.ItisthelargestnonroyalbuildinginEnglishandisnowlistedbytheUNESCOasaWorldHeritageSite.WinstonChurchillIn1874,thepalacewasthebirthplaceoftheduke'smostfamousdescendant.WinstonChurchill,whowastobecometheUK'sprimeMinister(somewouldsayBritain'sgreatest20thcenturypolitician)andNobelprizewinnerforliterature.ItisalsoinBlenheimthatWinstongotmarriedtoClementineHozierin1908.Alastingexhibitionisdevotedtotheman'slife,workandwritings.WinstonandhiswifeareburiedinBladonChurchwithinthepalace.OpeningHours&AdmissionBlenheimisstillthehomeofthe11thDukeofMarlboroughandisthereforenotopenallyearround(althoughtheparkis).Thepalaceopensitsdoorstovisitorsnfrom12Februaryto11December.Entrytothepalace,parkandgardenscost￡11.50duringthelowseasonand￡13duringthepeakseason(Easterweekendandfrom28Mayto11September),or￡6/￡8fortheparkandgardensonly.Theparkisopenallyearroundfrom9：00amto4：45pm(lastentry).Admissionis￡2.50foradultsand￡1.50forchildren.Notethatnumerousdiscountsexistforseniors,students,childrenandgroups.Pleaserefertotheofficialwebsiteformoredetails.1．WhatcanbelearnedaboutBlenheimPalace?A．ItistheEurope'slargestandgreatestpalace.B．ItisthelargestroyalbuildinginEngland.C．Itisnowoneoftheworld'sheritagesites.D．ItwasbuiltinhonorofPrimeMinisterWinstonChurchill.答案：C　细节理解题。由第一个黑体部分中的“ItisthelargestnonroyalbuildinginEnglandandisnowlistedbytheUNESCOasaWorldHeritageSite.”可知C项正确。A项应为欧洲之一；B项应为最大的非皇家建筑；D项应为向伯爵JohnChurchill表达敬意。2．Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinthetextmean?A．Ahousekeeper.B．Achildorachild'schild.C．Afamilydoctor.D．Agrandparent.答案：B　词义猜测题。由第二个黑体部分中的第一段说明建造的目的，以及两个姓氏丘吉尔的重合之处和后来“ItisalsoinBlenheimthatWinstongotmarriedtoClementineHozierin1908.”可以说明温斯顿·丘吉尔是伯爵的后裔，故选B。　3．Ifacoupleandtheirfiveyearolddaughtervisitthepark,howmuchneedtheypay?A．￡6.5.B．￡7.5.C．￡11.5.D．￡13.答案：A　细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“Theparkisopenallyearroundfrom9：00amto4：45pm(lastentry).Admissionis￡2.50foradultsand￡1.50forchildren.”可知答案为2.5×2＋1.5＝6.5英镑。nBTheBritishliveonasmallisland.Theyaresurroundedbythesea,soitisnotsurprisingthattheseahasalwaysplayedanimportantroleintheirlives.Afterthedevelopmentoflarge,oceangoingsailingshipsinthefifteenthcentury,theseabecameevenmoreimportanttothecountry'sdevelopment.ShipssetsailfromEnglanddeterminedtoextendBritain'sterritories,itswealthanditsknowledgeoftheworld.ShipsreturnedtoEnglandbringinggoods,peopleandnewideasfromforeignplaces.Bythenineteenthcentury,Britainhadthelargest,mostpowerfulnavyintheworld.ThegreatsailingshipsweresomuchapartofBritishlifethattheyevenaffectedthelanguage.ManyEnglishexpressionsweusetodaywereoriginallynautical(航海的)terms,althoughmostpeoplenolongerrealizethis.Forexample,peoplecommonlydescribeanhonestandfairbusinessdealasbeing“aboveboard”.Thisexpressionwasoriginallyusedinsailingshiptimeswhensecretive,dishonestship'sbusinesswouldbecarriedoutbelowdecks(i.e.belowthe“boards”)outofpublicview.Ontheotherhand,honestbusinesswasalwaysconductedondeck(abovetheboards),intheopenwhereeveryonecouldseewhatwasgoingon.“Pipedown！”，meaning“Bequiet！”，isanothercommonexpressionthathasnauticalorigins.Theship'sboatswain(水手长)wouldblowawhistle,orpipe,attheendofthedaytoindicate(表明)tothesailorsitwastimetoquietendownandgotosleep.MostnativeEnglishspeakershaveheardtheexpression“notenoughroomtoswingacat”，butfewknowthatthe“cat”doesnotrefertoasmallfurryanimalwithfourlegsandatail.The“cat”isactuallyashortformof“catofninetails”—awhipwithnine,knotted(打结的)tails.Aboatswainneededalotofspaceinordertoswingthewhipproperlywhenlashing(鞭打)apoorsailorunderhiscontrol!4．TheBritishhavebeenstronglyinfluencedbytheseabecause________.A．theyoccupiedmorelandaroundtheworldB．theygotmorewealthfromtheseaC．theyliveonanislandsurroundedbytheseanD．theyhadthelargestnavyever答案：C　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，英国是被海洋环绕的岛国，所以海洋对英国人影响很大。5．Ifsomeoneisopenandaboveboard,itmeansheis________.A．secretiveB．honestC．cheerfulD．dishonest答案：B　细节理解题。结合第二段第三句中的“peoplecommonlydescribeanhonestandfairbusinessdealasbeing‘aboveboard’”可知选B。6．Thepassageismainlyabout________.A．thebusinessonBritishsailingshipsB．theinfluenceofBritishsailors'languageonEnglishC．thesailinghistoryofEnglandD．thesailingstoryofBritishsailors答案：B　主旨大意题。文章通过介绍英国是一个受到海洋影响的国家引入主题，并在后三段具体讲述了英语语言中几个词汇和表达法与航海的渊源，即水手们的航海术语对英语这门语言产生的影响。因此B符合题意。Ⅱ.短文改错[2018·重庆适应性考试]DearLaura,Thanksforlettingustostayatyourseasidehouse.Now,youmighthaveheardfromyourneighborsaboutwhichhappenedonSaturdayevening.WhenIwasoutawalk,myyoungerson,Tom,wasplayingthefootballbeforeyourhouse.Hemadesomuchnoisethattheneighborsgotquiteangrily.Evenworse,TombrokeoneofthewindowofMrWilson'shouse.TomandIapologizedtoalltheneighborsfortheunhappyhappenings,butpromisedtohavethebrokenwindowrepairsoon.Tomsaidthatwewouldnotdosuchsillythingsanymore.Iamgladthatyourneighborshadforgivenus.Theyarereallynicepeople.Yours，Betty答案：DearLaura,Thanksforlettingusstayatyourseasidehouse.Now,youmighthaveheardfromyourneighborsabouthappenedonSaturdayevening.WhenIwasoutnawalk,myyoungerson,Tom,wasplayingfootballbeforeyourhouse.Hemadesomuchnoisethattheneighborsgotquite.Evenworse,TombrokeoneoftheofMrWilson'shouse.TomandIapologizedtoalltheneighborsfortheunhappyhappenings,promisedtohavethebrokenwindowsoon.Tomsaidthatwouldnotdosuchsillythingsanymore.Iamgladthatyourneighborsforgivenus.Theyarereallynicepeople.Yours，Betty难项分析：第二处：which→what　考查宾语从句的连接词。about后为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，且表示“所……的事情”，故应该用what引导宾语从句。第八处：repair→repaired　考查非谓语动词。句中的have意为“使得”，其后的宾语与宾补之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作宾补。havesth.done“使某事被做”，即“请某人做某事”。第十处：had→have　考查动词的时态。根据语境及主句中的am可知，从句应用现在完成时。