2019高中英语刷题首选卷基础练能力练unit3lifeinthefuturesectionⅳlearningaboutlanguage 7页

SectionⅣ　LearningaboutLanguage&UsingLanguage对应学生用书P33[基础题]Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Theyexploredthedeepforestwheretherewasnohumans________.答案：settlement2．Don'tbesog________ifyouhaveeatentoomuch.Otherwiseyouwillputonweight.答案：greedy3．Myprimaryschoolteachergreetedmewarmlythei________shesawme.答案：instant4．Hewassohungrythathes________allhisfoodinafewminutes.答案：swallowed5．Jack,thebottlescanber________.Don'tjustthrowthemaway.答案：recycled6．Afteryearsofeffort,weturnthe________(沙漠)intograssland.答案：desert7．Incaseoffire,breaktheglassandpressthered________(按钮)．答案：button8．Somestudentslack________(动机)andthusachievenothing.答案：motivation9．[2017·浙江高考]Inthecity,MrPenningtongaveBenjamin________(材料)forcreatingoilpaintings.答案：materials10．The________(代表)fromalloverthecountrygatherinBeijinginspringeveryyear.答案：representativesⅡ.选词填空1．Tokeephealthy,mostretiredoldpeople________joggingasaregularformofexercise.答案：takeup2．Afteryearsoftraveling,hedecidedto________here.答案：settledown3．Thecar________ratherthansloweddownwhenthedrivernoticedthentrafficlightswereabouttoturnred.答案：spedup4．Agoodideawillnot________realitybyitself.Itneedsourhardwork.答案：turninto5．Theleavesoftheplant________waterandsunshinetogrowstronger.答案：aregreedyfor6．Theanimalwaswalkingslowly________ithadhurtitsleg.答案：asthough7．Areyouropinions________theviewsofallthestudents?答案：representativeof8．Thegirlcouldn'thelpjumpingwithjoy________sheheardthenews.答案：theinstant9．Hesaidgoodbyetomeandthenwasquickly________inthecrowd.答案：swallowedup10．It'simpoliteto________foreignvisitorsinthestreet.答案：stareatⅢ.单句语法填空1．Ifyouaretoo________(greed),youmayloseeverything.答案：greedy　句意：如果你太贪心了，你可能会失去一切。系动词之后应用形容词作表语。2．________(touch)bytheteacher'swords,hedidalotofthingstohelphisclassmates.答案：Touched　touch和其逻辑主语he之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词作状语。3．Chinesepeoplehavechangedfrompassive________(receive)toactivechooserswitheasieraccesstoWesterndramas.答案：receivers　句意：中国人民更容易接触到西方戏剧，已经从被动的接收者变成了积极的选择者。介词from后应用名词作宾语，与choosers并列，且这里指代的是Chinesepeople，所以应用复数。故填receivers。4．Theyoungboy,________waslateforschoolthismorningagain,managedtoslideintotheclassroom.答案：who　这是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为Theyoungboy，指人，关系代词在从句中作主语，故填who。5．Heisateacher________(respect)byallhisstudents.答案：respected　ateacher与respect之间是被动关系，故用过去分词短语respectednbyallhisstudents作定语修饰teacher，表示“受所有学生尊敬的老师”。6．Themorningairissogood________(breath)．答案：tobreathe　这是一个“主语＋系动词＋adj.＋todo”结构，不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。7．Thereasonwhyhewasabsentfromthemeetingwas________hewasdelayedbytheaccident.答案：that　Thereasonwhy...is/wasthat...“……的原因是……”，是固定句型。that引导表语从句。8．Therewasnothing________(leave)inthehousewhenthehurricanepassedby.答案：left　句意：飓风过后，房子里什么也没留下。nothing与leave之间存在被动关系，故填left作后置定语。9．Themeeting,attendedbymorethan300________(represent)fromnearlyalltheG20economies,markedtheformalstartofGermany'spresidency.答案：representatives　句意：这个会议由来自几乎全部20国经济体的300多个代表参加，标志着德国总统任职的正式开始。数词300后应接名词representative，意为“代表”，且应用复数形式。10．Fortunately,someonewhohappenedtobepassingbycalledthefiredepartment________(instant)thefirebrokeout.答案：instantly　句意：幸运的是，大火刚发生，正好经过的人就立刻给消防队拨打了电话。设空处应该填连词来引导时间状语从句，instantly可作连词，意为“一……就……”。故填instantly。Ⅳ.单句改错1．Worryingabouthisson'ssafety,hedidn'tsleepwell.________________________________________________________________________答案：Worrying→Worried2．Themandeserthiswifeandchildrenandwentabroad.________________________________________________________________________答案：desert→deserted3．Theyarebroadeningthebridgetospeedtheflowoftraffic.________________________________________________________________________答案：speed后加up4．Asatisfyingcustomeristhebestadvertisementthatwehopetohave.________________________________________________________________________n答案：satisfying→satisfied5．Whatweallknow,theGreatWallwasbuiltasadefenceagainstinvaders.________________________________________________________________________答案：What→As6．Thethiefbrokeawayfromthepolicemanandrantotheoppositedirection.________________________________________________________________________答案：to→inⅤ.完成句子1．[2017·天津高考]MrandMrsBrownwouldliketoseetheirdaughter________________，getmarried,andhavekids.布朗夫妇希望看到女儿安顿下来，结婚成家，生儿育女。答案：settledown2．Thedevelopmentofeconomyofthisareaneeds__________________.这个地区的经济需要加速发展。答案：tobespedup3．IhavereadabookwrittenbyMoYanrecently,which__________________hiswritingstyle.最近我读了莫言写的一本书，这本书代表了他的写作风格。答案：isrepresentativeof4.Thiskindofmaterialcan______________manytimes.这种原料能够被循环利用好几次。答案：berecycled5．Deep________________，theexplorersfound__________________.在沙漠深处，探险家们发现了一座被遗弃的古城。答案：inthedesert;adesertedancientcity[能力题]　Ⅰ.阅读理解Wedon'tknowhowdifferentourlifewillbeinthefuture.Wecanonlytrytoimagineit.Atfirstwethinkabouthumanrelationships.Intheyear2050,wewillusecomputersalmosteveryday,wewillbemakingnewfriendsthroughtheInternet—evenourhusbandsorwiveswillbemetinthisway.Itwillbemuchfasterandeasiernforus.Ontheotherhand,ourrelationshipswithotherpeoplewon'tbeasimportantastheyaretoday—wewillfeelalittlelonely.Computerswillalsohelpusinmanyotheractivitiesin2050.Forexample,theywillbeusedbychildrenatschooltomaketheirlearningeasier.Inaddition,therewillbemoreothermachineswhichwillplayasimilarroleascomputers,likerobotswhichwilldothehouseworkforus.Spendingholidayswillalsobecompletelydifferent.Travelingtootherplanetsortothemoonwillbeavailableforeveryone.Meansoftransportwill,ofcourse,change,too.Wewillbeusingsolarpoweredcars,whichwillbemuchenvironmentallyfriendly.Wecouldexpectthatthefastereconomicdevelopmentwouldleadtoamorepollutedenvironment.Butitisn'ttrue.Wewillpaymoreattentiontoprotectingtheenvironment.Scientistswillprobablyfindcuresformanydangerousdiseases,likecancerorAIDS.Therefore,oursurroundingsaswellashealthwillbeinbettercondition.Althoughwecannotpredicttheexactchangeswhichwillbemadeintheworld,weoftenthinkaboutthem.Weworryaboutourandourchildren'sfuture;wehaveexpectations,hopesaswellasfears.ButIthinkweshouldberathersanguineaboutourfuture.Weshouldbehappyandbelievegoodthingswillhappen.　1．Theunderlinedword“sanguine”inthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans________.A．disappointedB．surprisedC．curiousD．optimistic答案：D　词义猜测题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，作者认为我们应该对将来保持乐观的心态，相信美好的事情将会发生。故推测画线词与optimistic“乐观的”意思接近。故选D。2．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwillhappenin2050?A．Itwillnotbedifficultforpeopletotraveltootherplanets.B．Ourenvironmentwillbemuchpollutedwithagrowingnumberofcars.C．Thewayofspendingholidayswillbethesameasthatoftoday.D．Therelationshipbetweenpeoplewillbemoreimportant.n答案：A　细节理解题。根据第四段第一、二句可知，在2050年，旅游度假也将会变得不同，每个人都能去其他星球旅行。故选A。3．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Whathightechnologywillappearintheyear2050.B．Whatourlifewillbelikeintheyear2050.C．Howpeoplewillcommunicateintheyear2050.D．Howpeoplewilltravelandspendtheirholidaysintheyear2050.答案：B　主旨大意题。根据文章第一段内容，及其后各段落的第一句可知，文章对2050年的生活进行了一些大胆的猜想，故选B。Ⅱ.七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。AreYouReadytoMakeaLifestyleChange?Whenitcomestoweightloss,thewordsyoumighthearare:lifestyleandchanges.__1__But,ifitwerethatsimple,I'dbeoutofajobandyou'dbetoobusyworkingouttoreadthis.Losingweighttakeshardworkandthatoftenmeanschangingdifferentaspectsofyourlifelikehowyouspendyourtime,howyouscheduleyourday,andhow/whatyoueat.What'sYourLifestyleLike?__2__Sowhatisahealthylifestyle?Thetypicalcomponentsincludenotsmoking,eatinghealthyfoods,exercisingandkeepingthebodyatahealthyweight.First,figureouthowmuchtimeyouspenddoingthefollowing:Sittingatadesk__3__SittinginfrontofacomputerDrinkingalcoholEatingfastfoodorjunkfoodsStayinguplate/NotgettingenoughsleepNow,HowMuchTimeDoYouSpend?Beingactiveingeneral(takingthestairs,walkinginsteadofdriving,gardening,cleaning,etc.)DoingcardioexerciseStrengthtrainingforallmusclegroupswithchallengingweightsTrackingyourcaloriesnSleepingDealingwithstressinahealthyway__4__Livinghealthymeansspendingtimeandenergyonyourbody—movingitaroundandpayingattentiontowhatyouputintoit.Stayinginanunhealthylifestylemeansyoucanavoidexpendingenergy,timeandeffort.ChoosingHealthAshumans,welikehabitsandroutinessomuchthatweoftenkeepdoingthesamethingsevenwhenweknowtheyaren'tgoodforus.Changingbadhabitstakestimeandeffort.__5__Forexample,whattimeyougetupeachmorning?A．SittinginfrontofaTVB．HowyouspendyourfreetimeC．Forahealthylifestyle,youmaybechangingavarietyofthings.D．Itmayseemlosingweightisasimplegoal—dosomeexercise;goonadiet!E．Thereasonwhylifestyleissoimportantisthatitdetermineshowhealthyyouare.F．Toloseweight,youwillhavetochangeyourlife.G．Ifyouspendmoretimedoingthethingsinthefirstlistthanthesecond,it'stimetochangeyourlifestyle.1．D　设空前谈到减肥，而根据设空后内容可知，如果那么简单的话，“我”就要失业了，而你也会忙着去锻炼而不来看“我”写的东西。由此可知，此处应该是指人们普遍认为减肥是简单的。故选D。2．E　根据此段标题可知本段主要谈论的是生活方式，再结合设空后的提问可知，设空处应涉及生活方式与健康之间的关系，故应选E项(生活方式之所以如此重要是因为它决定你的健康状况)。3．A　设空处前后都是花时间所做的有损健康的事情，而且形式一样。故选A。4．G　上文列举了两种不同生活方式中所花时间去做的事情，而下文又总结了两种生活方式。因此设空处应该是起到承上启下的作用，G项是对上面两种生活方式的总结。故选G。5．C　C项中提到对于一个健康的生活方式，你可能要改变很多东西。这正好与下文中的举例说明相符。故选C。