2019高中英语unit4learningefficientlysectionⅲusinglanguage教案含解析新人教 13页

SectionⅢUsingLanguageⅠ.高频单词点击1．resemble(vt.)像，类似→resemblance(n.)类似，相似点2．tend(vi.)倾向→tendency(n.)倾向，趋势3．messy(adj.)肮脏的，凌乱的→mess(n.)杂乱；纷乱；混乱4．tiresome(adj.)烦人的，令人厌烦的→tire(v.)使厌烦→tired(adj.)厌烦的→tiring(adj.)令人疲倦的，辛苦的5．vague(adj.)含糊的，不清楚的→vaguely(adv.)含糊地，暧昧地6．bonus(n.)红利，奖金，津贴7．oral(adj.)口头的，口述的→orally(adv.)口头上，用口述；口服地8．component(n.)成分，组成部分9．concrete(adj.)具体的，有形的Ⅱ.重点短语必记1．tendto(dosth.)　　　　　　易于，往往会(做某事)2．goshopping去购物3．relyon依靠，依赖4．havetrouble(in)doingsth.做某事费力5．concentrateon集中精力于6．addup加起来7．makesense有意义8．congratulationson祝贺……Ⅲ.常用句型必备1．Ifindittiresometositandconcentrateonanythingforalongtime.2．It’snevertoolatetolearn.Ⅳ.功能意念项目Giveadvice1．Youshould...2．Whydon’tyou...?3．Howabout...?4．It’sworthago.5．Doyouknowwhatelseyoumightbeabletodo?n6．I’vethoughtsomethingyoucoulddo.[单词点击]1．resemblevt.像；类似resemblesb./sth.insth.在……方面像……Sheresembleshersisterinappearancebutnotincharacter.她的外表像她姐姐，但性格不像。Hestronglyresembleshisfather.他酷似他的父亲。温馨提示：(1)resemble不能用于进行时态中，也无被动语态。(2)resemble是及物动词，本身已含有“与……”的意思，故不必再加多余的with。resemblancen．相似，相像havesome/no/littleresemblance(s)tosb./sth.与某人/物在某方面有一些/没有/几乎不相似Hehasastrongresemblancetohisfather.他长得很像他父亲。Yourstoryseemstohavenoresemblancestothefacts.你所说的似乎与事实不符。resemble，similar，alike，like(1)resemble“相似，类似”，是及物动词，动词前后是相比较的对象。Mysisterresemblesmymotherinlooks.我姐姐长得像我妈妈。(2)similaradj.“类似的”，常与介词to搭配使用，且可作前置定语修饰名词。Wehavesimilarhobbies.我们有相同的爱好。(3)alike可作形容词或副词，“相似的，同样的”，有点侧重于“无差别的”意思，作形容词时只能作表语，不能作前置定语。Shetreatsallherchildrenalike.她对她所有的子女都一视同仁。(4)likeadj.“相似的，同样的”，强调相比较的事物有相似的性质，既可作表语又可作定语。Likecauses，likeresults.相似的原因产生相似的结果。　　(1)Thetwoobjectsresemblewitheachotherinnature.________________________________________________________________________n(2)Thegirlswerealldressedlike.________________________________________________________________________(3)Yourviewsonreadingaresimilarwithmine.________________________________________________________________________答案：(1)去掉with　(2)like→alike　(3)with→to2．tendvi.倾向；趋向vt.照料，照管；接待，服侍tendtodosth.　　　　易于……，有……的趋势tendto/towardssth.朝某方向；趋于；趋向ItendtoknowMiddleEasterncountriesprettywell.我还算是比较熟悉中东国家的吧！Thecoastlinetendsto/towardsthesouthhere.海岸线在此处转向南方。tendencyn．　　　　　　　趋向，倾向；脾性haveatendencytodo有做……的倾向Histendencytospeakillofothersmakeshisroommatesangry.他老是说别人的坏话，使同寝室的人很生气。　　(1)He__________________________(容易生气)whenpeopleopposetohisplan.(2)Shehas________________________(有倾向)forgetthings.答案：(1)tendstogetangry　(2)atendencyto3．messyadj.肮脏的，凌乱的，混乱的Thehouseisalwaysmessy.这房子总是乱糟糟的。Itwasamessyjob.这是一份很脏的工作。messn．　　　　　肮脏；混乱；许多；大量v.弄脏，弄乱inamess杂乱，在困境中messup弄糟makeamessof把……搞糟Hewasscoldedforhismakingamessofthings.他因把事情搞糟了而受到责备。Thiswindwillmessmyhairup.这风会吹乱我的头发。　　(1)Willyoustop________________(胡闹)andgetonwithyourwork?n(2)Theeconomyofthecountryis________________________(陷入困境)．(3)Idon’twantyouto________________(弄乱)mynicecleankitchen.答案：(1)messingaround　(2)inamess　(3)messup4．tiresomeadj.令人厌烦的，烦人的Thisisreallyatiresomejob.这真是令人厌烦的工作。Howtiresome！Ihaveleftmywatchbehind.真烦人！我忘记戴手表了。tirev．　　　　　　　　　　使……累tiredadj.感到累的tiringadj.令人厌倦的gettiredof＝betiredof对……厌倦be/gettiredfrom/with因为……而劳累I’m/gettiredoflisteningtothesamemusic.我讨厌总是听相同的音乐。Theboywastiredfromlongstudy.男孩因长时间的学习而感到累了。　(1)Readingsmallprint________theeyesverymuch.(2)Thischildissometimes________.(3)Hegot________ofteachinginthesameschool.答案：(1)tires　(2)tiresome　(3)tired[短语精析]　goshopping去购物go＋v.ing/do＋v.ing短语小结：　　WewentcampinglastSunday.n上周日我们去野营了。IusuallydosomereadingeverySaturday.我每周六都会读些东西。　　—Whatshallwedothisweekend?______________(爬山)or________________(划船)?—I’dliketo__________________(钓鱼)．答案：Goclimbing；goboating；gofishing[句型归纳]1．Ifindittiresometositandconcentrateonanythingforalongtime.如果长时间坐着并集中注意力于某事，我会感到很厌倦。这是find＋it(形式宾语)＋宾语补足语(形容词/名词)＋动词不定式(真正宾语)句型。(1)此句型完整的形式是：主语＋think/feel/make/consider...＋it＋n./adj.＋for/ofsb.todo...。其中for/of引出动词不定式的逻辑主语。其中it是形式宾语，代替不定式。类似的动词还有：believe，feel，think，consider等。Iconsideritpossibletohaveatalkwithhim.我认为与他交谈一下是有可能的。IthinkitimportantforhimtolearnEnglishwell.我认为学好英语对他很重要。(2)it作形式宾语也可以代替从句。IhavemadeitclearthatIobjecttotheplan.我已经表明我反对这个计划。(3)当宾语补足语是nouse，nogood等这些单词的时候，真正的宾语要用动名词。Iconsideritnousetalkingwithhim；hewon’tlistentoothers.我认为和他交谈无用，他不会听别人的话的。(4)it作为形式宾语还可以用在像Iappreciate/like/hateitthat/when...等句式中。Ilikeitwhentherearefriendsaroundme.我喜欢有朋友和我在一起。Ilike________intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.A．thisB．thatC．itD．onen解析：选C　句意为：在秋天，我喜欢阳光明媚，万里无云的时候。此处it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是由从句whentheweatherisclearandbright充当的。2．It’snevertoolatetolearn.活到老，学到老。本句为“too...to...”结构，表示“太……而不能……”。Thequestionistoodifficulttoanswer.这个问题太难回答了。It’stoolatefortheworktobedone.太晚了，工作做不完。(1)too...to...和表示人的心理状态的形容词连用，无否定意义，此类词有happy，glad，ready，anxious，eager，willing，pleased，thankful等。Heistooreadytotalk.他爱说话。(2)把never/not等否定词放在too前，表示肯定，译作“并不太……所以能……”；加在to前，译作“太……不至于不……”。Itisnevertoolatetolearn.活到老学到老。Heistoocarefulnottohavenoticedit.他那么细心不会注意不到这点。(3)cannot...too...无论……也不过分，越……越好Youcannotbetoocarefulwhendrivingacar.你开车时无论怎么仔细也不过分。Theshopmanageralwayssaystohisassistants，“Wecanneverbe________politetoourcustomers.”A．soB．tooC．thatD．more解析：选B　nevertoopolitetoourcustomers意为“对我们的顾客越有礼貌越好”。3．Iliketofollowamapratherthanwrittenorspokendirections.我喜欢按照地图而不是书面，或口头指示(找到目的地)。(1)rather与than连用时，其作用相当于连词，通常用于平行结构中。常译为“与其说……不如说……”；“不是……而是……”。Sheisateacherratherthananartist.她是老师而不是艺术家。I’mratherboredthantired.我与其说疲惫，不如说是厌倦。n(2)ratherthan可用于prefer之后，构成句型：sb.prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.，常译为“宁愿……而不愿……”。HepreferredtostayathomewatchingTVratherthangototheconcert.他宁愿坐在家里看电视也不愿去听音乐会。(3)ratherthan后接动词不定式时，可省略不定式符号to。Idecidedtowriteratherthan(to)telephone.我决定写信而不是打电话。orrather　　　　　　　　　确切地说otherthan除了wouldratherdoAthandoB宁愿做A而不愿做BHehadnofriendsotherthanMary.他除了玛丽，没有朋友。Herhusbandgothomelate，orratheratoneo’clockinthemorning.她丈夫回家很晚，确切地说，是凌晨1点。Iwouldrather________homethan________onatripinsucharainyday.A．stay；goB．tostay；togoC．stay；togoD．tostay；go解析：选A　wouldratherdo...thando...宁愿做……而不愿做……。建议信建议信是书信的一种，属应用文范畴，写这类文章应注意以下几点：(1)细读提示，认真审题。审体裁：说明自己的建议。定格式：书信的正确格式(开头及结尾)。定人称：根据内容需要，对人称合理的选择，定位，(一般第一人称)。定时态：一般现在时态和将来时态。(2)紧扣主题，组织要点。这类作文一般为提纲式作文，其“要点”似乎已定好了，但大多还有一些开放性空间，因此，要在弄清题意的基础上，逐个地，完美无缺地把内容要点列出来。要使文章层次分明，要点清晰，适当地使用过渡词或连接词：besides，inaddition，what’smore，inone’sopinion，personally，therefore等。n(3)选词造句，逐步成文。根据词汇的句法功能，及表达建议的句子类型，将句子按一定的顺序排列成主谓一致，时态呼应，脉络分明，内容完整的短文。【写作任务】假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter发来电子邮件向你咨询如何才能学好中文。请你根据下列要点写一封电子邮件回复他。要点：1．参加中文学习班；2．看中文书刊、电视；3．学唱中文歌曲；4．交中国朋友。注意：1．词数100左右；2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【范文在线】DearPeter，I’mgladtoreceiveyourletteraskingformyadviceonhowtolearnChinesewell.Hereareafewsuggestions.First，itisimportanttotakeaChinesecourse，asyou’llbeabletolearnfromtheteacherandpracticewithyourfellowstudents.Then，italsohelpstowatchTVandreadbooks，newspapersandmagazinesinChinesewheneverpossible.Besides，itshouldbeagoodideatolearnandsingChinesesongs，becausebydoingsoyou’lllearnandrememberChinesewordsmoreeasily.YoucanalsomakemoreChinesefriends.TheywilltellyoualotaboutChinaandhelpyoulearnChinese.TryandwritetomeinChinesenexttime.Bestwishes，LiHua【靓点点击】1．首先格式正确，符合书信体的要求，结构符合给人提建议的三段式：提出情况(askingformyadviceonhowtolearnChinesewell)，写建议的背景。提出自己的建议。结束语及签名。全文重点突出，层次分明。2．使用了一些过渡词及连接词first，then，besides等，文中使用了分词短语：askingformyadvice...，bydoingso，原因状语从句asyou’llbeableto...becausebydoingnsoyou’ll...。倒装句Hereareafewsuggestions。形式主语Itisimportantto...和Italsohelpsto...。省略句wheneverpossible.使文章句式多样，语言鲜活。假设你叫刘云，准备参加学校举行的“我给市长提建议”英语作文大赛。目前，你所在的城市已经基本实现城乡公交一体化，由此你想到了公交车司机们。请你结合下表提示，用英语给市长(Mayor)写一封信。词数不少于100。建议建立“公交司机节”(BusDrivers’Day)背景·越来越多的人乘坐公交车出行·公交车司机也随之越来越多·公交车司机服务大众，工作辛苦……时间在每年　月　日庆祝原因……________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考范文：DearMr.Mayor，I’mwritingtoyouaboutstartingaBusDrivers’Day.Theseyears，wearehappytohavebusesgoingbetweeneverycity，everytownandalmosteveryvillage.Nowmoreandmorepeoplebothincitiesandinthecountrysidearetravelingbybus，somoreandmorebusdriversareworkingforus.Theyhavetoworkveryhard，frommorningtillnight.It’snoteasyforthem，especiallyduringholidays.Tothankthem，IthinkitnecessarytohaveaBusDrivers’Day.ItwillbegoodifwecelebrateitonOctober7theveryyear，becauseit’sthelastdayofNationalDayGoldenWeek，andpeoplecancelebrateitwithbusdrivers，eventhebuses.Busesareplayinganimportantroleinourdailylife，andIhopeyoucanspareyourtimeandthinkaboutmyideA．Bestwishes!nLiuYunⅠ.单词拼写1．Throughthefogwesawthev________outlineofaship.答案：vague2．Haveyouanyc________suggestionsonhowtodealwiththesedifficulties?答案：concrete3．Theworkersonlymake________(部件)forthatkindofcars.答案：components4．OnlythestudentsmajoringinEnglishtaketheo______examination.答案：oral5．AlltheemployeesgotaChristmasb________.答案：bonus6．Thisisoneofthesongsfromthe________(专辑)ofJayChou.答案：album7．Thepurposeofthis________(研讨会)istoreformtheoldclosedsystem.答案：seminar8．R________oftenappearafteraheavyrain.答案：Rainbows9．Ourlocal________(酒厂)hasahistoryof10years.答案：brewery10．The________(货币)inourcountryisRenminbi.答案：currencyⅡ.单句改错1．Youngpeopletendtofollowingthefashion.________________________________________________________________________答案：following→follow2．Hewastiredoftheheavyworkandwantedtohavearest.________________________________________________________________________答案：of→from/with3．Somechildrenhavetroubleconcentratingwhattheyaredoing.________________________________________________________________________答案：在what前加onn4．Theteacherpreferstogowithhisstudentsratherthantobealone.________________________________________________________________________答案：去掉第二个to5．Ittakesmeagetofinishtheproject.________________________________________________________________________答案：age→agesⅢ.单项填空1．Wearetaughtthatabusinesslettershouldbewritteninaformalstyle________inapersonalstyle.A．ratherthanB．otherthanC．betterthanD．morethan解析：选A　ratherthan表示“而不是”；otherthan“不同于，非”。2．—Doyoufeellike________inbedonSundays?—Yes，butI’malwaystoobusy________so.A．tolie；doingB．lie；doingC．lying；doingD．lying；todo解析：选D　feellikedoingsth.想/喜欢做某事；too...to结构中，to是不定式符号。3．Theboystrongly________hisfatherincharacterandthewayofthinkingandmakingdecisions.A．looksB．comparesC．resemblesD．equals解析：选C　resemblesb.insth.与某人在某方面相似。4．Children________curiousaboutthingstheysee.A．tendtobeingB．tendtobeC．tendtowardstobeD．tendatbeing解析：选B　tendtodosth.意为“易于，往往会”；tendto/towards＋名词意为“倾向于，趋向”。5．Sheis________thesamefoodforbreakfasteverymorning.A．tiredofB．tiredwithC．tiringofD．tiringwith解析：选A　betiredof厌倦了……；betiredwith因……而劳累。6．We________shoppingtogetheronMayDaybesides____________________________somewashing.nA．went；didB．did；wentC．did；goingD．went；doing解析：选D　goshopping去购物，dosomewashing洗衣服，而且besides为介词，故用动词ing形式。7．Theysayyourreportdoesn’t________thefact.ButIdon’t________them________thispoint.A．agreeto；agreewith；atB．agreeon；agreeto；onC．agreeon；agreewith；atD．agreewith；agreewith；on解析：选D　第一空意为“与……一致”，第二空意为“同意某人的意见，观点……”，第三空意为“在这一点上”用on。8．Ican’t________hissuggestion.Ithinkit________.A．makesense；makessenseB．makesense；makesnosenseC．makesenseof；makesnosenseD．makesenseof；makesenseof解析：选C　makesenseof理解，明白，后接物。而makesense则指讲得通，有意义，主语为物；而“没有意义”则用makenosense。Ⅳ.阅读理解Peoplewhoarelearningaforeignlanguageshouldnotfeelembarrassedbecausetheysometimesusethewrongword.Fromtimetotimeweallhavedifficultyevenwithourownlanguage.Itisnotunusualtohearsomeonesaythatashipisinabottleinsteadofabattleorthatcrowdsratherthancloudsareinthesky.Ifpeoplethinkthatthesemistakesarefunny，theymaylaugh；buttheydonotmeantoberude.Theimportantthingisthattheyadmirepeoplewhotrytospeaktheirlanguage.Everypublicspeakerknowsthatmistakescanoccur.Evenradioannouncerswillsometimesusethewrongwordorcallsomebodybythewrongname.Thishappenssooften，infact，thatamaninNewYorkisabletomakealivingbylisteningtotheradioandrecordingallthemistakesthathehears.KermitSchafercallsthesemistakes“bloopers”．Inhishome，Mr.Schaferhasmanyradiostunedtodifferentstationstorecordeverymistakethatismade.Heputsnthefunniestonesonrecordsandinbooks，whichhavebecomeverypopularwhereverEnglishisspoken.IfMr.SchafertookhistaperecorderintoaschoolwherestudentsarelearningtospeakEnglish，hewouldverysoonhaveenoughforanotherbook.Mistakescanbefunifwearenoteasilyembarrassed.Theyalsoremindustosaysomethingcorrectlythenexttime.1．Whatkindofreadersisthisarticlemainlywrittenfor?A．Radioannouncers.B．Foreignlanguagelearners.C．Publicspeakers.D．PeoplelikeMr.Schafer.解析：选B　语言的习得是一件困难又繁琐的事情，特别是学习外语经常闹笑话也是在所难免的。有时我们会很尴尬，但却不必太在意。本题问的是写这篇文章主要是给哪一类人看的？其实开篇第一句“Peoplewhoarelearningaforeignlanguageshouldnotfeelembarrassed(尴尬)becausetheysometimesusethewrongword.”中找到。“Foreignlanguagelearners”就是解题的核心，故答案为B。2．Mr.Schaferrecordsmistakesmadeby________.A．EnglishlearnersB．radioannouncersC．bothradioannouncersandEnglishlearnersD．bothradioannouncersandpublicspeakers解析：选B　Mr.Schafer记录下来的错误都是由radioannouncers犯下的。这个结论可以在文中第四段第二句找到：“Inhishome，Mr.Schaferhasmanyradiostunedtodifferentstationstorecordeverymistakethatismade.”3．Whichofthefollowingdoyouthinkthewritermightagreewith?A．NativeEnglishspeakersdonotlikeEnglishlearnersmakingmistakes.B．Mistakesareofnohelpforforeignlanguagelearning.C．Englishlearnersshouldbecarefulnottomakeanymistakes.D．Itisusualthatpublicspeakers，evenradioannouncers，makemistakes.解析：选D　文章的主旋律一直在强调，不论是平常人，还是电台的播音员他们都有可能用错词，犯下错误。可是这种错误对于人们在语言习得上的进步是有好处的。文中最后一句这样说：“Theyalsoremindustosaysomethingcorrectlythenexttime.”故正确的选项应该是D。