2019高中英语unit11themediasectionⅰwarm_up 13页

Unit11TheMediaMediaisattheveryheartofsocietyandbusiness.Asanimportanttoolforpeopletoexchangeminds,mediainitsmanyformsinvolvesagreatdealofvaluewhosecontenthasdevelopedinanincreasingspeed.Mediahasalargeeffectoneverybody’slife.Amongallkindsofmediaforms,massmediaarethemostimportanttoolsofcommunication.Throughtheinformationpassedbymassmedia,wecanknoweventhefarthestendoftheworld.Theyenableustocommunicatewitheachotherbyhelpingustoovercomethebarriersoftimeandspace.Massmediaaffectusinvariousways.Theykeepuswellinformedofthehappeningsoftheworldwhichwouldotherwiseremainunknown.Becauseofthegreatinfluencemassmediacanmake,alargenumberofproductsandbrandscomeintoourmindsthroughadvertisements.Aswecansee,newspapers,magazinesandTVarefilledwithallkindsofcolours,persuadingustobuytheirproducts.Also,massmediagiveusentertainment.Everyday,abigvarietyofprogramsarebroadcastingaroundtheclockonTVandradio.Films,booksandmagazinesallgiveusdailyamusement.Overthelastdecade,massmediahavechangedalot.Weevenhaveseenmanynewmediacreated.Everyonewilllikethemedia,producingandspreadinginformationtoanycorneroftheworldthroughtheInternet.Mediawillbemorecomplicatedandmultiple.Let’slookforwardtothefutureofmedia,hopingthedevelopmentofmediawillbringlargebenefitstopeople.nSection_ⅠWarmup&Lesson1—Prereading[原文呈现]AfricaonG8Agenda①July5,2005　　　　　　ScotlandTheGroupofEight,orG8,wasformed②byeightoftheworld’swealthiestnations③in1998.TheG8ismadeupof④political⑤leadersfromFrance,theUnitedStates,Britain,Germany,Japan,Italy,CanadaandRussia.Theymeeteverysummertodiscussmajorproblemsthatconcernthewholeworld⑥.[读文清障]①agenda/ə'dʒendə/n.议程②formv．形成，组成n．形式　intheformof以……的形式③nation/'neIʃn/n.国家；民族nation侧重指国民；state侧重指政权；country主要指疆土。④bemadeupof由……组成consistof＝bemadeupof，但consistof无被动形式。⑤political/pə'lItIkl/adj.政治的⑥that引导的定语从句，修饰problems。非洲问题摆上八国首脑峰会议程[第1段译文]2005年7月5日　苏格兰1998年世界上最富有的8个国家组建了八国集团(或称G8)。八国集团由法国、美国、英国、德国、日本、意大利、加拿大和俄罗斯的政治领导人组成。他们每年夏天会面，讨论有关全世界的重要问题。Itisgoingtoberememberedas⑦ahistoricalmeetingthisyear,asthetopicofAfricawillbediscussedindetail⑧.Widespread⑨poverty⑩inAfricameansthatmanypeopletherecannotgetthewater,clothing,housing,electricity⑪oreducationtheyneed⑫.AIDS⑬isanotherproblemofgreatconcernsosex⑭educationandhealthcareadministration⑮areextremelyimportant.Reforms⑯havebeendemanded⑰bypeoplefromallovertheworld.Theywanttheleaderstocancelthedebt⑱ofAfrica’spoorestcountriessothattheproblemsntherecanbepreventedfrom⑲gettinganyworse⑳.Theirbeliefisthatthisistheonlywayformanyofthesenationstoescapetheirpainfulpasts.⑦berememberedas作为……被记住　⑧indetail详细地⑨widespread/'waIdspred/adj.广泛的⑩poverty/'pɒvəti/n.贫穷，穷困　⑪electricity/Ilek'trIsIti/n.电⑫theyneed是定语从句，修饰前面的thewater...oreducation。⑬AIDS/eIdz/n.艾滋病　⑭sex/seks/n.性，性别⑮administration/ədˌmInI'streIʃn/n.管理，行政⑯reform/rI'fɔːm/n.改革，改良⑰demand/dI'mɑːnd/vt.要求，请求⑱debt/det/n.债务，欠款　indebt欠债　outofdebt不欠债⑲bepreventedfromdoing为preventsb.fromdoing的被动形式。⑳sothat引导目的状语从句，该从句中的canbeprevented是含有情态动词的被动语态。belief/bI'liːf/n.信仰；信心；信任painful/'peInfl/adj.令人痛苦的，引起疼痛的[第2～3段译文],今年的会议将会作为一次历史性的会议留在人们的记忆中，因为非洲问题将是本届会议详细讨论的问题。非洲普遍的贫困意味着那里的很多人不能得到他们需要的饮用水、衣服、住所、电力及教育。艾滋病是人们极为关注的另一个问题，所以性教育和保健管理非常重要。,全世界的人们都要求改革。他们希望这些国家的领导人取消非洲最贫困国家的债务，以防止那个地区的问题再恶化。他们坚信，这是使许多非洲国家摆脱痛苦过去的唯一出路。LONDONWINSJuly6,2005　　　　　　LondonAt12：45UKtimetoday,thenameofthehostcityforthe2012OlympicGameswasbeingannouncedbytheInternationalOlympicsCommittee(IOC)inSingapore.ItwasLondon.London’snamehadbeenannouncedtwicebefore,in1908and1948,soitnowhasthedistinctionofbeingthefirstcitytohosttheeventthreetimes.ApplicationstohostthegameshadalsobeenmadebyMoscow,Madrid,NewYorkandParis.Intheend,itcamedowntoachoicebetweenParisandLondon.nThenewsisbeingcelebratedbycrowdsinthestreets.Cheeringpeoplecanalsobeseeneverywhere:inpubs，homesandofficesalloverLondon.PrinceWilliam,whoisnowinNewZealand，saidhewasdelightedthatthe2012OlympicGameswouldbeheldinLondonandhewaslookingforwardtotheGames.host/həʊst/n.主人；主办(国/城市/机构)；vt.主办hostessn．女主人　announce/ə'naʊns/vt.宣布，宣告committee/kə'mIti/n.委员会theInternationalOlympicsCommittee/IOC国际奥林匹克委员会distinction/dI'stIŋkʃn/n.特质；殊荣；区别动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰thefirstcity。application/ˌæplI'keIʃn/n.申请(书)；应用makeanapplication(tosb.)for(向某人)申请……comedownto结果是，可归结为celebratev．庆祝　congratulate祝贺pub/pʌb/n.小酒馆，酒吧who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰PrinceWilliam。delighted/dI'laItId/adj.高兴的，愉快的bedelightedatsth./bysth./withsth./todosth.很高兴做某事lookforwardto盼望，期待伦敦赢了[第4～6段译文]2005年7月6日　伦敦今天英国时间12：45，国际奥林匹克委员会在新加坡宣布了2012年奥林匹克运动会主办城市的名字——伦敦。伦敦这一名字在1908年和1948年曾被宣布过两次，所以现在它获得了第一个三次主办奥运会的城市的殊荣。申请主办这届奥运会的城市还有莫斯科、马德里、纽约和巴黎。最后的结果是在巴黎和伦敦之间作出选择。n街头成群的人们在欢庆这个消息。在伦敦的酒吧、家里和办公室，到处都可以看到欢庆的人们。正在新西兰的威廉王子说，他很高兴伦敦将主办2012年奥运会，他期待着奥运会的到来。PrereadingPleasematchthewordswiththeirpropermeanings.1．widespread　A．事件，事情2．reformB．要求，请求3．committeeC．信仰，信心，信任4．publishD．解释，说明5．incidentE．证据，证明6．photographerF．委员会7．politicalG．宣布，宣告8．electricityH．申请(书)；应用9．demandI．爆炸10．beliefJ．摄影师11．announceK．政治的12．applicationL．电13．explodeM．改革，改良14．evidenceN．广泛的15．explanationO．出版，发行1～5________　6～10________　11～15________答案：1～5　NMFOA　6～10　JKLBC11～15　GHIEDLeadinLookatthefollowingpicturesandfigureoutwhatkindsofmediatheyare.答案：1.TV　2.Internet　3.magazine　4.radio5．newspapernWhilereadingFastreadingSkimthetitleandthepicturescanhelpyoutoknowwhatthetextisabout.Thearticleismadeupoftwo1.piecesofnews.Thefirstone:2.Africa_on_G8_Agenda,_whichisaboutwhatis3.G8andthetopicofAfrica4.will_be_discussed_in_detail.Thesecondone:5.London_Wins,_whichshowsussomethingaboutthe20126.Olympic_Games.Carefulreading(Ⅰ)True(T)orFalse(F)．1．G8standsforeightpresidentsoftheworld’swealthiestnations.__F__2．TheGroupofEightwillbereformedthisyear.__F__3．G8hasdecidedtocancelthedebtofAfrica.__F__4．At12：45UKtimetodayLondon’snamehasbeenannouncedtwice.__F__(Ⅱ)Choosethebestanswersaccordingtothetext.1．Whichofthefollowingisthereasonthatmakesthismeetingunusual?A．Theywilldiscussmajorproblems.B．Theydon’tmeeteveryyear.C．G8standsfortheworld’swealthiestnations.D．ThetopicofAfricawillbediscussedcarefullythisyear.2．HowcantheG8nationshelpAfrica’spoorestcountries?A．TheydiscusstheproblemsinAfrica.B．TheycangivemanypeopleinAfricafood,houses,andsoon.C．TheycancancelthedebtofAfrica’spoorestcountries.D．TheycanhelpthepeopleinAfricatreattheirAIDS.3．WhataresomeofthemajorproblemsinAfrica?A．Manypeoplecannotgetwater.B．Manypeoplecan’tgetclothing,housing,electricityoreducationtheyneed.C．AIDS.D．Alloftheabove.4．Fromthesecondnews，wecanlearnthefollowinginformationEXCEPTthat________.A．allthepeopleinLondonwereveryexcitedB．LondonhasdefeatedMoscow，Madrid，NewYorkandParisnC．LondonhasbecomethefirstcitytohosttheeventthreetimesD．PrinceWilliamwasdelightedatthenewsinLondon5．Fromthetwonews,wecaninfer________.A．ParisisLondon’sstrongestcompetitorinhostingthe2012OlympicGamesB．at12：45UKtimeLondon’snamehasbeenannouncedtwiceC．PrinceWilliaminNewZealandaskedtheBritishtocelebrateactivitiesforthenewsD．G8hasdecidedtocancelthedebtofAfrica答案：1～5　DCDDAStudyreadingAnalyzethefollowingdifficultsentencesinthetext.1．WidespreadpovertyinAfricameansthatmanypeopletherecannotgetthewater,clothing,housing,electricityoreducationtheyneed.[句式分析]　本句为主从复合句。that引导宾语从句；theyneed为定语从句，修饰前边的几个名词。[尝试翻译]　非洲普遍的贫困意味着那里的很多人不能得到他们需要的饮用水、衣服、住所、电力及教育。2．TheywanttheleaderstocancelthedebtofAfrica’spoorestcountriessothattheproblemstherecanbepreventedfromgettinganyworse.[句式分析][尝试翻译]　他们希望这些国家的领导人取消非洲最贫困国家的债务，以防止那个地区的问题再恶化。3．PrinceWilliam,whoisnowinNewZealand,saidhewasdelightedthatthe2012OlympicGameswouldbeheldinLondonandhewaslookingforwardtotheGames.[句式分析]　本句为主从复合句。其中，who引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词PrinceWilliam；hewasdelighted...是宾语从句，作said的宾语，省略了that。在这个宾语从句中又含有that引导的宾语从句(也可认为原因状语从句)，跟在形容词delighted后面。该句中最后一个and连接前后两个并列分句。[尝试翻译]　正在新西兰的威廉王子说，他很高兴伦敦将主办2012年奥运会，他期待着奥运会的到来。nⅠ.阅读理解AMakinganadvertisementfortelevisionoftencostsmorethanamovie.Forexample,atwohourmoviecosts$6milliontomake.ATVcommercialcancostmorethan$6,000asecond.Andthatdoesnotincludethecostofpayingforairtime(播送时间).Whichismorevaluable,theprogrammeorthead?Intermsofmoney—andmakingmoneyiswhattelevisionisallabout—thecommercialisbyfarthemoreimportant.Research,markettesting,talent,timeandmoney—allcometogethertomakeuswanttobuyaproduct.Nomatterhowbadwethinkacommercialis,itworks.Thesalesofcharmwentuponcetheadsbegan.TVcommercialsactuallybuytheirwayintoourhead.We,inturn,buytheproduct.Andtheadsworkbecausesomuchtimeandattentionaregiventothem.Herearesomerulesofacommercialadmaking.Ifyouwanttogetthemiddleclassbuyers,makesuretheannouncerhasatough,manlyvoice.Putsomepeopleintheadwhoworkwiththeirhands.Ifyouwanttosellproductstoupperclassaudience,makesurethatthehouse,thefurniture,andthehairstylearethetypesthatthegroupidentifieswith.Ifyouwantthebuyertofeelsuperiortothecharactersellingtheproduct,thenmakethatpersonsostupidorsillythateveryonewillfeelgreatabouthimselforherself.Welaughatcommercials.Wedon’tthinkwepaythatmuchattentiontothem.Butevidenceshowswearekiddingourselves.Themakingofacommercialthatcostssomuchmoneyisnotkidstuff.It’sbig,bigbusiness.Andit’stellinguswhattothink,whatweneed,andwhattobuy.Toputitsimply,theTVcommercialisaformofbrainwashing.1．TVcommercialsaremoreimportantthanotherprogrammestotelevisionbecause________.A．theybringingreatprofitsB．theyrequirealotofmoneyC．theyarenotdifficulttoproduceD．theyattractmoreviewersthanotherprogrammesn解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第一段可知，正因为商业广告能带来很大的利润，所以对于电视来说，它们比其他节目都重要。2．ThepurposeofalltheeffortsmadeinturningoutTVcommercialsisto________.A．persuadepeopletobuytheproductB．showhowvaluabletheproductisC．testthemarketvalueoftheproductD．makethemasinterestingasTVmovies解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可知，商业广告所做的一切努力都是为了促使人们去买商品。3．Fromtherulessetformakingcommercialads,wecanseethat________.A．themiddleclassbuyerlikestoworkwithhishandsB．themorestupidthecharacters,themorebuyersoftheproductC．addesignersattractdifferentpeoplewithdifferentskillsD．anupperclassbuyerismoreinterestedinhousesandfurniturethanamiddleclassbuyer解析：选C　推理判断题。由第三段内容可知，为了吸引不同购买力的顾客，商业广告设计者使用不同的手段来宣传产品。4．Itisbelievedbythewriterthat________.A．fewpeopleliketowatchTVcommercialsB．TVcommercialsareagoodguidetobuyersC．TVcommercialsoftenmakepeoplelaughD．peopledonotthinkhighlyofTVcommercials解析：选D　推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“Wedon’tthinkwepaythatmuchattentiontothem.Butevidenceshowswearekiddingourselves.”推断可知答案。BDoyoudaretosleeponthewildside?JoinusforBunkwiththeBeastsovernightadventures.Theseovernightsareheldonzoogrounds,withsleepingaccommodationinside,attheGatesEducationCenter.EachBunkwiththeBeastsovernightadventureisspecificallydesignedwithactivitiesthatarerelatedtothethemeoftheBunkyouhavechosen.Yourgroupwillexploreexhibits,learnfunfacts,andtakepartinlearninggamesorstoriesthatarerelatedtoyourBunktopic.TheDenverZoocovers80acres,andishometomorethan4,000animals,representingover750differentspecies.Youwillnotseeeverythinginjustonevisit,butyoucandivedeeperintothetopicathand.nParticipants(参与者)arefreetoexplorethezooonyourownaftertheBunkends,ifyouwouldliketoseesomeoftheexhibitsandanimalsnotrelatedtoyourchosentopic.Theovernightadventuresofferamorepersonalizedexplorationofthezoo.Eachadventureincludesdifferentactivitiesspecifictothetheme,butyoucancountonanactive,funfilledexperiencethatincludes：◇AguidedzootourfocusingonanimalsrelatingtotheBunktheme；◇Anunexpectedmeetingwithanimals；◇Avarietyofeducationalgamesandactivities；◇Anopportunitytoseethezooatnight,withoutthelargecrowds.Time:6：00pmonMay3,2016to10：00amonMay4,2016Ages：6－14Cost：$52perchild.Onechaperone(监护人)perevery10childrenisfree.Additionalchaperonesare$42perperson.5．WhatdoweknowaboutBunkwiththeBeastsovernightadventures?A．Theyhaveonethemeeachyear.B．Theyareheldalltheyearround.C．Theymainlyaimateducatingpeople.D．Theyallowparticipantstosleepatthezoo.解析：选D　细节理解题。由第一段“Theseovernightsareheldonzoogrounds,withsleepingaccommodationinside,attheGatesEducationCenter.”可知，BunkwiththeBeasts冒险之夜允许参与者睡在丹佛动物园里。6．ParticipantsofBunkwiththeBeastsovernightadventures________.A．begintheiractivitiesat6：00amB．cangoaroundthezoobythemselvesC．willseeover750differentanimalsinavisitD．willbeguidedaroundthezooaftertheBunkends解析：选B　细节理解题。由第二段“ParticipantsarefreetoexplorethezooonyourownaftertheBunkends”可知，参与者在冒险之夜活动结束后可以自行免费游览动物园。7．If10childrenwithtwochaperonesgototheovernightadventures,theyshouldpay________.A．$420　　　　　　　　B．$520nC．$562D．$604解析：选C　细节理解题。由“Cost：$52perchild.Onechaperoneperevery10childrenisfree.Additionalchaperonesare$42perperson.”可知，十个小孩加两个大人需要支付十个小孩和一个大人的费用共562美元。CTheconsumeralwayshashadtobeclever,butwiththeeconomyworseandworse,thestakes(赌注)havebeenraised.Thesharksareoutthereattractingusin,desperateforourmoney.Youcan’tbelieveeverythingyouread,eveninanewspaper.Ijustsawanairlineadforholidaytravel,promisingmeinVERYLARGEtypethatIcouldgoalmostanywherefor$199.Then,whenIlookedalittlecloser,therewasastarthatreferredmetothetinytypeatthebottomofthepagethatthe$199wasaonewayfare.ButIcouldn’tmakeaonewaytrip.Ihadtobuyaroundtripticket.Idon’thaveacluewhytheydidn’tjustsaytheroundtripticketwas$398.Infact,Ithinkit’samuchmorepowerfulsellingpoint.Forjustunder$400you’reabletoreturnhomefromaholiday.Whointheirrightmindwouldwantaonewayticket?Butperhapsthecruelestmarketingtrickdoneonusisthe“caloriesperserving(一份食物的热量)”onfoodpackaging.Foryears,Ilivedhappilywiththebeliefthateachpackagewasaserving.Ididn’trealizethateachboxorbaghadanumberofservingsinit.SoIate.Whoeverbelievedawholebagofpotatochipscouldhaveonly150calories?Me.Andyes,I’mafool.ButonceIlearnedthetrickthathadbeenplayedonme,Ibecamebored.Iwouldmultiplythenumberofservingsinthebagwiththecaloriesperserving,quicklyrealizingmillionsofcalorieswerehidinginthosecontainers.Ifinallycalmedmyselfdownandnowdon’tevenlookatthecaloriesperserving.Itmakeslifeeasier.That’swhymyrecentpurchaseofthefirstboxofholidayeggnog(蛋奶酒)wassuchapleasure.Santacancounttheservings.I’lldrinktillIsleep.Ifonlythatmattress(床垫)wereonsale.8．Consumersalwayshavehadtobecleverbecause________.A．mostpeoplearelackingmoneyB．newspapersalwaystellfalsestoriesnC．therearemanyattractivesalesmenaroundD．theyareeasilycheatedbyadsorsomething解析：选D　细节理解题。由第一段可知，随着经济的萧条，消费者买东西要更加小心，因为到处都充斥着虚假信息，消费者很容易受骗。9．Intheauthor’sopinion,thepriceof$199was________.A．toohightoacceptB．reasonabletopayC．equalto$400inrealityD．notpracticalatall解析：选D　推理判断题。由第二段可知，作者认为199美元只是单程票的费用，而顾客所需要的一般是双程票，因此，此项优惠并不实用。10．Whydoestheauthorthinkofhimselfasafool?A．Heatealotoffoodpoorincalories.B．Hebelievedpotatochipswerehealthyfood.C．Hethoughteachservinghadfewcalories.D．Hemistookcaloriesofperservingforeachbag’s.解析：选D　细节理解题。作者长时间以来认为一份食物所含的热量就是一包食物所含的热量，殊不知，一包食物并不只是一份食物的量，因此作者认为自己是个傻子。11．What’sthemainideaofthetext?A．Goodsonsaleareusuallybad.B．Adstodayarehardtounderstand.C．Buyersshouldbewareofmarketingtricks.D．Forgettingthecaloriesmakeslifeeasier.解析：选C　主旨大意题。作者通过举例告诉读者：不要被商家的虚假信息迷惑。Ⅱ.阅读七选五TheInternethasopenedupawholenewonlineworldforustomeet,chatandgowherewe’veneverbeenbefore.Butjustasinfacetofacecommunication,therearesomerulesofbehaviorthatshouldbefollowedwhenonline.__1__Imaginehowyou’dfeelifyouwereintheotherperson’sshoes.Foranythingyou’reabouttosend:askyourself,“WouldIsaythistotheperson’sface？”Iftheanswerisno,rewriteandreread.__2__Ifsomeoneinthechatroomisrudetoyou，yourinstinct(本能)istofirebackinthesamemanner.Buttrynottodoso.__3__Ifitwascausedbyadisagreementnwithanothermember,trytofixthesituationbypolitelydiscussingit.Remembertorespectthebeliefsandopinionsofothersinthechatroom.__4__Offeradvicewhenaskedbynewcomers,astheymaynotbesurewhattodoorhowtocommunicate.Whensomeonemakesamistake,whetherit’sastupidquestionoranunnecessarilylonganswer,bekindaboutit.Ifit’sasmallmistake,youmaynotneedtosayanything.Evenifyoufeelstronglyaboutit,thinktwicebeforesayinganything.Havinggoodmannersyourselfdoesn’tgiveyoulicensetocorrecteveryoneelse.__5__Atthesametime,ifyoufindyouarewrong,besuretocorrectyourselfandapologizetothosethatyouhaveoffended.Itisnotpolitetoaskotherspersonalquestionssuchastheirage,sexandmaritalstatus.Unlessyouknowthepersonverywell,andyouarebothcomfortablewithsharingpersonalinformation,don’tasksuchquestions.A．It’snaturalthattherearesomepeoplewhospeakrudelyormakemistakesonline.B．Repeattheprocesstillyoufeelsurethatyou’dfeelcomfortablesayingthewordstotheperson’sface.C．Everyonewasnewtothenetworkonce.D．Thebasicruleissimple:treatothersinthesamewayyouwouldwanttobetreated.E．Whenyousendshortmessagestoapersononline,youmustsaysomethingbeautifultohear.F．Youshouldeitherignoretheperson,oruseyourchatsoftwaretoblocktheirmessages.G．Ifyoudodecidetotellsomeoneaboutamistake,pointitoutpolitely.答案：1～5　DBFCG