2019高中英语刷题首选卷基础练能力练unit1greatscientistssectionⅴsummary 7页

SectionⅤ　Summary&Writing对应学生用书P11Ⅰ.重点词汇1．concludev.结束；推断出2．draw_a_conclusion得出结论3．defeatvt.打败；战胜4．expertadj.&n.熟练的；专家5．put_forward提出6．expose...to...使显露；暴露7．curesb.of...治愈/改正某人的某种疾病/行为8．be_absorbed_in专心致志于……9．suspectvt.认为；怀疑　n.嫌疑犯10．be_to_blame应受责备11．blame_sb._for_sth.因某事责备某人12．link...to...将……和……联系起来13．announcevt.宣布；通知14．Itisannouncedthat...据宣布，……15．instructvt.命令；指示；教导16．under_construction在建设中17．contributev.捐献；贡献18．contribute_to有助于；捐献；投稿19．make_a_contribution_to为……做贡献20．apart_from除……之外；此外21．make_sense讲得通；有意义Ⅱ.教材原句1．Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.人们不知它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。2．Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedevery_timetherewasanoutbreak.所以每次暴发(霍乱)时，都有大批惊恐的百姓病死。3．Itseemedthatthewaterwas_to_blame.看来水是罪魁祸首。4．Heplacedafixedsunatthecentreofthesolarsystemwith_the_planets_going_round_itandonlythemoonstillgoingroundtheearth.n他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转，只有月球仍然绕着地球转。5．Only_ifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymake_sense.只有当你把太阳放在那儿(中心位置上)，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。6．YetCopernicus'theoryisnowthebasison_whichallourideasoftheuniversearebuilt.然而哥白尼的理论却是我们的宇宙观赖以建立的基础。Ⅲ.语法填空WhenIwasauniversitystudent,I__1__(attract)bytheChinese.SoIgotajobasateacherinWuhanthreeyearsago.__2__(think)back,IrealizeitwasthestudentsImetinthefirstyearandChineseuniversitylifeingeneral__3__gavemethedeepestimpression.Duringmyschooldays,Iwouldrarelygiveupmysparetimetoanyactivity__4__(connect)withstudy.Unlessexamswereapproaching,myweekendsweredevotedtohavingfunorperhapsaparttimejob.MyChineseclassmates,__5__theotherhand,seemedtospendtheirentirewakinghoursstudying.IunderstandthatcompetitioninChineseuniversitiesisextremelyfierce.Nonetheless,theirenergyandmotivationput__6__(I)toshame.MyfirstyearinChinawasalsomyfirstyearasateacher.Itwasbothchallenging__7__rewarding.OnethingIknowforcertainisthatmyyearinWuhanhelpedmechangeforthe__8__(good).Thankstothepolitenessand__9__(warm)ofChinesestudents,Iovercamemyfearofspeakinginpublicandbecamemoreselfconfident.Most__10__(important),Imetdozensofnicepeopleandmademanyexcellentfriends.1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________9．________　10.________1．wasattracted　考查动词的时态和语态。此处表述“我”被中文吸引了，所以空处应用被动语态；结合时间状语从句“WhenIwasauniversitystudent”可知，此处陈述的是过去的情况，所填谓语动词应用一般过去时，故此处填wasattracted。2．Thinking　考查非谓语动词。I与动词think之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，表主动，且非谓语动词所表示动作几乎与谓语realize所表示动作同时发生，故此处应用动词ing形式；且所填词位于句首，故此处填Thinking。3．nthat　考查强调句型。谓语动词realize之后所接的是省略that的宾语从句，而该从句属于强调句型，所强调的是“thestudentsImet...ingeneral”，包含人和物，所以空处应填that。4．connected　考查非谓语动词。动词connect与activity是被动关系，故用connect的过去分词形式作后置定语。5．on　考查固定搭配。由语境可知，此处表示两种情况的对比，再结合关键词“theotherhand”可知，此处应用介词on。ontheotherhand为固定搭配，意为“另一方面”。6．me　考查代词。所填词在动词后，故用人称代词I的宾格形式me。7．and　考查连词。此处表示“这既具有挑战性又有意义”。both...and...“不仅……而且……”。8．better　考查固定搭配。结合下文的“Iovercamemyfearofspeakinginpublicandbecamemoreselfconfident”可知，此处指的是“在武汉的这一年使我变得更好”，change(...)forthebetter是固定搭配，意为“向着较好的情况转变，变得更好”。9．warmth　考查词性转换。thanksto为介词短语，其后可接名词作宾语，又结合“politenessand”可知，空处应填warm的名词形式warmth。10．importantly　考查词性转换。结合语境可知，此处表示“最重要的是”，修饰整个句子，应用副词，故此处应填importantly。Ⅳ.书面表达劝说性书信技法指导劝说信是指以信件的形式表达自己的观点或立场，并期待对方认同或接受。其基本结构为：第一部分：引入。写信人首先需要简要说明写信的主要目的。第二部分：阐述。这是劝说性书信的主体和核心部分。写信人需要在这个部分有条理地列出自己的理由。理由要力求客观、真实、有说服力，要重点突出、层次分明。同时，要注意适当提高语言的力度，发挥语言的功力，以更好地阐述自己的立场。第三部分：总结。可以用生动的语言重申自己的核心观点，或以情动人、引起共鸣，或升华延伸、画龙点睛。这部分应该注意语言的简练和冲击力，切忌冗杂拖拉的表达。写作模板Dear________，IfeltworriedwhenIheardthat________.Althoughit'sgenerallybelievedthat________，yet________.Tobeginwith,________.Inaddition,________.Worsestill,________.Therefore,Istronglyhopethat________.Lookingforwardtoyourgoodnews.nYours，________典题演练假设你是李萍，你的笔友王强最近沉迷于电脑游戏而不能自拔，严重影响了学习和身心健康。请你给他写一封信劝说他戒掉这一不良习惯，并对他的学习生活给出自己的建议。词数100左右。DearWangQiang，IfeltworriedwhenIheardthatyouareaddictedtocomputergames.　　　Yours，LiPing高分支招——句式升级1．虽然人们普遍认为电脑游戏有趣而且能激发我们的想象力，但如果不加以节制，它们会在许多方面对你造成危害。[一般句式]Manypeoplebelievethatcomputergamesareinterestingandcaninspireourimagination,butifyouplaytheminanuncontrolledmanner,theywilldoharmtoyouinmanyways.[升级句式]Althoughit'sgenerallybelievedthatcomputergamesareinterestingandcaninspireourimagination,yetifyouareaddictedtothem,theywillbeharmfultoyouinmanyways.2．首先，你应该把时间用在学习或一些有益的事情上，而不应该浪费在游戏上。[一般句式]First,youshouldspendyourtimeonyourstudyorotherusefulthingsandyoushouldn'twasteitoncomputergames.[升级句式]Tobeginwith,computergameswillwastetoomuchvaluabletimewhichshouldbespentonyourstudyorotherbeneficialthings.3．更糟糕的是，一些游戏充满暴力，这对你的心理健康会造成危害。[一般句式]Theworstthingisthatthereismuchviolenceinthegamesanditwillbebadforyourmentalhealth.[升级句式]Worsestill,somegamesfullofviolencewillbeharmfultoyourmentalhealth.4．为了过上有意义的生活，你可以多锻炼以强身健体，也可多读些好书或参加一些社会活动来开阔你的眼界。[一般句式]Inordertoliveameaningfullife,youcantakemoreexercisetobuildnyouup,readmoregoodbooksorparticipateinsomesocialactivitiestobroadenyourhorizons.[升级句式]Inordertoliveameaningfullife,youcanbroadenyourhorizonsbyreadingmoregoodbooksorparticipatinginsomesocialactivitiesaswellasbuildyouupbytakingmoreexercise.[标准范文]Dear_Wang_Qiang，I_felt_worried_when_I_heard_that_you_are_addicted_to_computer_games.Althoughit'sgenerallybelievedthatcomputergamesareinterestingandcaninspireourimagination,yetifyouareaddictedtothem,theywillbeharmfultoyouinmanyways.Tobeginwith,theywillwastetoomuchvaluabletimewhichshouldbespentonyourstudyorotherbeneficialthings.Inaddition,playinggamesforalongtimewilldoharmtoyourhealth,especiallytoyoureyes.Worsestill,somegamesarefullofviolence,whichwillbeharmfultoyourmentalhealth.Therefore,Istronglyhopethatyoucanbreakawayfromthem.Theearlier,thebetter.Inordertoliveameaningfullife,youcanbroadenyourhorizonsbyreadingmoregoodbooksorparticipatinginsomesocialactivitiesaswellasbuildyouupbytakingmoreexercise.Lookingforwardtoyourgoodnews.Yours，Li_Ping对应学生用书P12　　AvideorecordingfromXinhua(9th,Nov.2017)showingArabellaKushner,USPresidentDonaldTramp'sgranddaughter,singingChinesesongsandrecitingChineseliteraryclassicscausedanotherInternetsensationinChinaWednesdaynight.Inthevideoclip,Arabella,wearingatraditionalembroideredChinesedress,greetsPresidentXiJinpingandhiswifePengLiyuan.nThesixyearoldsingstwosongsOurFields,BeautifulFields,andMyGoodMom.Theformer,writtenin1953andadoredbyChineseteenagersfordecades,expressesone'sloveandaffectionforthemotherlandandnature.ThelatterisapopularnurseryrhymewidespreadinChina.ShealsodisplayedknowledgeaboutChineseliteraturebyrecitingThreeCharacterClassic,aConfucianistvolumetoeducateyoungchildren,andtwoancientpoemsofLiBai,WatchingtheFallofLushanMountain,andDepartingfromBaidiCityintheMorning.Xispokehighlyofthechild'sMandarinabilitiesandsaidherperformancedeservedan“APlus”.HesaidArabellawasalreadyastarinChinaandhopedshewouldvisitChinaoneday.Numerousmediawebsitesandnetizensrepostedthevideo.Ithasreceived2.3millionclicksonSinaWeibo,China'spopularsocialmediaplatform,asofpresstime.“Whatatalentedandsmartgirlsheis！”WeibouserYumeirensaid.“IhopeshecanmakemorecontributionstofosteringChinaUSfriendshipinthefuture.”Earlierthisyear,duringPresidentXi'svisittotheUnitedStates,ArabellahasalreadyperformedforthepresidentandhiswifeattheMaraLagoresortinPalmBeach,Florida,onApril6.Standingalongsideherparents,ArabellasangJasmine,aChinesefolksongwithherbrotherJoseph.　1．Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthat________.A．ArabellaoncesangJasmineforPresidentXiinAprilaloneB．ArabellahasatalentforsingingChinesesongsC．ArabellahassomeacquaintancewithChineseancientpoemsD．MyGoodMomconveysone'sloveforhisorhermotherland答案：C　细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容可知，Arabella对中国的古代诗歌有一些了解。故选C。2．WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinPara.7probablymean?A．Preventing.B．Proposing.C．Protesting.D．Promoting.答案：D　词义猜测题。由画线词前、后的“makemorecontributions”“ChinaUSnfriendship”可推知，Arabella演唱经典的中国民歌、童谣，并背诵唐诗和《三字经》的做法会增进中美两国友谊。由此可知，画线词与promote“提升”意思相近。故选D。3．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．Arabella'sContributiontoChinaUSRelationshipB．Trump'sGranddaughterWinsChineseHearts,AgainC．TrumpAndHisFamousGranddaughterD．ALittleShiningStarinChina答案：B　标题判断题。该篇新闻报道着重讲述特朗普外孙女再一次演唱经典的中国民歌、童谣，并背诵唐诗和《三字经》的视频在中国引起轰动，赢得了中国人民的广泛赞誉，故B项作为标题最恰当。