2019高中英语刷题首选卷基础练能力练unit2theunitedkingdomsectionⅲgrammar（含解析） 9页

SectionⅢ　Grammar对应学生用书P19[基础题]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Iwouldliketohavethewallsofmyhouse________(paint)blue.答案：painted　句意：我想让我房子的墙壁漆成蓝色。havesth.done表示“使/让某物被做”，thewalls与paint之间构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。2．Iheardthesong________(sing)byheryesterday.答案：sung　句意：我昨天听见她唱这首歌了。thesong与sing之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。3．Idon'twantanybadwords________(say)aboutmyroommates.答案：said　句意：我不希望别人说我室友任何坏话。wantsth.(tobe)done为常用结构，用过去分词作宾语补足语，故填said。4．[2016·江苏高考]Inartcriticism,youmustassumetheartisthasasecretmessage________(hide)withinthework.答案：hidden　句意：在艺术评论中，你必须假定艺术家在作品中有一定的隐含信息。设空处在句中作定语，message与hide之间为被动关系，且设空处表示动作已完成，故用过去分词作后置定语。5．Hefeltproudwithhimself________(devote)tothescientificstudy.答案：devoted　句意：他为自己致力于科学研究而感到自豪。此处是with的复合结构。宾语himself与devote之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。6．Didyouhaveallthepackages________(weigh)?答案：weighed　句意：你把所有的包裹都称重了吗？havesth.done表示“使/让某物被做”，packages与weigh之间构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。7．“Don'tmakethebaby________(frighten)！”warnedmyfather.答案：frightened　句意：我父亲警告说：“别吓着宝宝！”makesth./sb.done结构中，sth.或sb.与动词do之间是被动关系，故填frightened。也可以看作是形容词化的过去分词作宾补，表宾语的状态。8．Withtheproblems________(settle),Ifelthappyandrelaxed.答案：settled　句意：问题解决了，我感到轻松愉快。由“Ifelthappyandrelaxed”可知，问题已经被解决。withsth.done表示“某事被做”，本句中problems和settle之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。9．Johnwasveryhappytoseehismother________(take)goodcareofathome.答案：taken　seesb.done表示“看见某人被……”，在本句中，n他妈妈是被照顾的对象，hismother与takegoodcareof之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词作宾补。10．Takecarenottokeepyourchildren________(expose)tobadbooks,computergamesorwebsites.答案：exposed　keepsth.done表示“使某物保持某种状态”，children和expose之间是被动关系，故设空处需填过去分词形式作宾语补足语。Ⅱ.单句改错1．Whenwegottoschool,wesawthedooropened.________________________________________________________________________答案：opened→open2．WhenIpassedbyhisroom,Isawhimseatingonthebed.________________________________________________________________________答案：seating→seated3．Heraisedhisvoiceinordertomakehimselfnoticing.________________________________________________________________________答案：noticing→noticed4．Maryfoundherhousebreakintowhenshecameback.________________________________________________________________________答案：break→broken5．Whileplayingbasketball,Iwascarelesstohavemyhandhurting.________________________________________________________________________答案：hurting→hurt6．Parentsprefertochoosenameslinkingtobeautifulthingsandgoodluck.________________________________________________________________________答案：linking→linked7．AndyreceivedaninvitationtoTom'sparty,andwithherworkfinishingshegladlyacceptedit.________________________________________________________________________答案：finishing→finished8．Hepassedaway,leavinghisworksunfinish.________________________________________________________________________答案：unfinish→unfinished9．Hesuddenlynoticedhimselffollowingbyastranger.________________________________________________________________________答案：following→followedn10．Thepaperswereingreatneed,sotheworkerskeptthemachinesrunalldaylong.________________________________________________________________________答案：run→runningⅢ.完成句子1．Whenyoutalk,youshould________yourself________.当你说话时，你应该让别人听懂。答案：make;understood2．I'msorryto________you________solong.我非常抱歉让你等了这么长时间。答案：keep;waiting3．Thestudents________theirteachers____________.学生们发现他们的老师很忙。答案：find/found;verybusy4．BeforehecametoLondon,hehadnever________asingleEnglishword________.他来伦敦之前从未听别人说过一句英语。答案：heard;spoken5．Theyhavethenewtrafficrules________________________________________________________________________________________.他们在电视上已经多次解释了新的交通规则。答案：explainedonTVmanytimes[能力题]Ⅰ.阅读理解[2017·济南高三一模]Tea,themosttypicalEnglishdrink,becameestablishedinBritainbecauseoftheinfluenceofaforeignprincess,CatherineofBraganza,thequeenofCharlesⅡ.AsaloverofteasinceherchildhoodinPortugal,shebroughtteadrinkingtotheEnglishroyalcourtandsetatrendforthe_beverageinthe17thcentury.Thefashionsoonspreadbeyondthecircleofthenobilitytothemiddleclasses,andteabecameapopulardrinkattheLondoncoffeehouseswherepeoplemettodobusinessanddiscusseventsoftheday.Manyemployersservedacupofteatotheirworkersinthemiddleofthemorning,thusinventingalastingBritishinstitution,the“teabreak”.However,drinkingteainsocialsettingsoutsidentheworkplacewasbeyondthemeansofthemajorityofBritishpeople.Itcamewithahighpricetagandteawastaxedaswell.Around1800,theseventhDuchessofBedford,AnnaMariaRussell,beganthepopularpracticeof“afternoontea”，aceremonytakingplaceataboutfouro'clock.Untilthen,peopledidnotusuallyeatordrinkanythingbetweenlunchanddinner.Atapproximatelythesametime,theEarlofSandwichpopularizedanewwayofeatingbread—inthinslices,withsomethinglikejamorcucumbersbetweenthem.Beforelong,asmallmealattheendoftheafternoon,involvingteaandsandwiches,becamepartoftheBritishwayoflife.Asteabecamemuchcheaperduringthe19thcentury,itspopularityspreadrightthroughallcornersoftheBritishsociety.Thus,teabecameBritain'sfavoritedrink.Inworkingclasshouseholds,itwasservedwiththemainmealoftheday,eatenwhenworkersreturnedhomeafteraday'slabor.Thismealhasbecomeknownas“hightea”.Today,teacanbedrunkatanytimeoftheday,andaccountsforovertwofifthsofalldrinksconsumedinBritain—withtheexceptionofwater.1．Whatismainlydiscussedaboutteainthetext?A．ItsdevelopmentinBritain.B．Itstraditionalwaysofdrinking.C．Itsinfluencearoundtheworld.D．ItspopularityinEurope.答案：A　主旨大意题。从文章第一段的“inthe17thcentury”“Thefashionsoonspreadbeyondthecircleofthenobility”第二段的“Around1800”“beganthepopularpracticeof‘afternoontea’”“Britishwayoflife”及第三段的“duringthe19thcentury”“becameBritain'sfavoritedrink”可知，本文主要介绍了饮茶习惯在英国的发展历程。故选A项。2．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“thebeverage”probablyreferto?A．Teadrinking.B．Asmallmeal.C．Awayofeatingbread.D．Achoiceofdrinks.答案：A　词义猜测题。从文中的“shebroughtteadrinkingtotheEnglishroyalcourtandsetatrendforthebeverage”可知，她把饮茶的习惯带到了英国皇室并开启了英国人饮茶的潮流，故选A项。n3．WhywasteaunabletobeacceptedasacommondrinkinBritaininthe17thcentury?A．ItwasmerelyservedinLondon.B．Itwastaxedasanalcoholicdrink.C．Itwasforbiddeninbusinesssettings.D．Itwastooexpensiveformostpeople.答案：D　细节理解题。从文章第一段最后两句可知，17世纪，在英国茶不能作为一种普遍的饮料的原因是对大多数英国人来说，它的价格高并被征税。故选D项。4．Howisthetextorganized?A．Bycauseandeffect.B．Bycomparison.C．Intimeorder.D．Infrequencyorder.答案：C　推理判断题。从文章第一段的“inthe17thcentury”、第二段的“Around1800”及第三段的“duringthe19thcentury”可推知，文章是按照时间顺序来组织的。故选C项。Ⅱ.完形填空Longlongago,thereoncelivedaking.Onedaythekingwenttoamaster,becausehewantedtobecomemorepowerfulthanother__1__kings.Hesatinfrontofthemasterand__2__tellinghimthepurposeofhis__3__.Themasterlistened__4__totheking.Hethentoldthekingtogotothe__5__wherearoseplantandacypress(柏树)plantweregrowingsidebyside.Hetoldtheking,“Theyareyour__6__.Theycanteachyouwhatyouwantto__7__.”Thekingwentintothegarden,and__8__thetwoplantsbutcouldnot__9__whathecouldlearnfromthem.Hewentbacktothemasterandasked,“Whatdoyou__10__，master?Iamnotabletounderstandwhatandhowtheseplantswillteachme.”Themastertookthekingtotheplantsand__11__，“Thiscypressplanthasbeennexttotheroseplantforsomanyyears.Neveroncehasitwantedtobecomearoseplant.__12__，theroseplanthasneverwantedtobecomeacypressplant.Ifmanhadbeenthecypressplant,hewouldhave__13__himselfwiththeroseandfeltjealousatthe__14__thatthebeautifulroseplantwasgettingfromallthepeople.__15__，ifmanweretheroseplant,hewouldhave__16__thecypressplantenviouslythinkinghow__17__theplantwaswithoutthe__18__ofbeingdisturbedbypeopleallday!Bothoftheplantsgrewverywellbecausethey__19__alltheirenergyforntheirown__20__insteadoftakingadvantageofittocompetewiththeother.”　1．A.richB．neighboringC．handsomeD．western答案：B　根据语境可知，这位国王想让自己比邻国的国王都强大。neighboring“周围的，相邻的”。故选B。2．A.forgotB．continuedC．suggestedD．started答案：D　根据语境可知，他坐在大师面前开始讲述来访的目的。start“开始”。故选D。3．A.visitB．transportC．studyD．test答案：A　句意：他坐在大师面前开始讲述来访的目的。visit“拜访”。故选A。4．A.happilyB．angrilyC．patientlyD．worriedly答案：C　根据语境可知，大师耐心地倾听国王的讲述。patiently“耐心地”。故选C。5．A.forestB．bankC．gardenD．valley答案：C　根据第三段首句中的“Thekingwentintothegarden”可知，大师让国王去花园。故选C。6．A.enemiesB．teachersC．familiesD．friends答案：B　根据下文“Theycanteachyou”可知，此处指它们是你的老师。故选B。7．A.learnB．designC．buildD．notice答案：A　根据语境可知，它们能教会您要学的东西。learn“学习”。故选A。8．A.watchedB．sawC．noticedD．heard答案：B　根据语境可知，国王进入花园后，看见了两株植物。see“看见”。故选B。9．A.provideB．showC．rememberD．understandn答案：D　根据下文“Iamnotabletounderstandwhatandhowtheseplantswillteachme.”可知，国王不明白他能从两株植物上学到什么。故选D。10．A.hearB．findC．sayD．mean答案：D　句意：大师，您什么意思？mean“意思，意味”，符合语境。故选D。11．A.orderedB．askedC．explainedD．requested答案：C　根据语境可知，国王不明白他能从两株植物身上学到什么，于是大师向他解释。explain“解释”。故选C。12．A.SimilarlyB．FrequentlyC．FinallyD．Luckily答案：A　句意：同样，玫瑰也从没想过成为一棵柏树。similarly“同样地，相似地”。故选A。13．A.coveredB．markedC．comparedD．dressed答案：C　根据下文中的“feltjealous”(感到嫉妒)可知，如果人是那株柏树的话，他一定会将自己和玫瑰进行比较，嫉妒玫瑰可以得到人们的注意。compare“比较”。故选C。14．A.packB．attentionC．payD．message答案：B　此处指嫉妒玫瑰获得了人们的关注。attention“注意，留心”。故选B。15．A.BesidesB．HoweverC．OrD．Therefore答案：C　此处与上文并列，表示“或者，如果人是那株玫瑰的话……”。故选C。16．A.waitedforB．lookedatC．calledonD．listenedto答案：B　句意：如果人是那株玫瑰，他会嫉妒地看着柏树……，lookat“看着”。故选B。17．A.peacefulB．heavyC．usefulD．poor答案：A　根据语境可知，如果人是那株玫瑰，他会嫉妒地看着柏树，认为柏树没有受人们干扰的麻烦，是多么平静。peaceful“平静的。”故选A。18．A.dutyB．mistakeC．troubleD．interestn答案：C　根据下文“ofbeingdisturbedbypeopleallday”可知，整天被人们打扰是一种麻烦。trouble“麻烦”。故选C。19．A.usedB．lostC．lentD．received答案：A　此处指他们把自己全部的力量用于自己的成长。use“使用”。故选A。20．A.opinionB．funC．victoryD．growth答案：D　根据语境可知，大师告诉这位国王，花园中玫瑰和柏树之所以能健康成长，是因为它们都集中全力成长自己，而不是处处比较。growth“成长”。故选D。Ⅲ.语法填空ManypeoplemaythinktheForbiddenCity,orthePalaceMuseum,is__1__outstandingandoldfashionedmuseum.But,inrecentyears,themuseumhasbeenworkinghard__2__(promote)Chineseculturalheritageamongyoungpeople.Themuseum'sonlinestorenowoffersspecialculturaland__3__(create)products.Forexample,in2014,itstartedtomakeTshirtsthatlooklikeanemperor'scoat.Italso__4__(sell)earphonesthatlooklikethenecklaceswornbyancientofficials,whichbrought__5__about1billionyuaninsalesin2016,reportedChinaYouthDaily.Lastyear,adocumentary(纪录片)__6__(title)MastersinForbiddenCitybecamepopularonline.Thedocumentaryisaboutthepeople__7__jobistorepairtherelicsinthemuseum.Manyoftheseworkersareyoung,andsomeareevenintheir__8__(twenty)．Someother__9__(museum)acrossthecountry,suchastheNationalMuseumofChina,__10__(inspire)bythePalaceMuseum'seffortsandareworkingonsimilarprojectsoftheirown.1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________9．________　10.________1．an　考查冠词。根据文意可知，此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词；且其后单词“outstanding”的发音以元音音素开头，故用冠词an。2．topromote　考查非谓语动词。近年来，故宫博物院一直为了向年轻人宣传中国文化遗产在努力。此处动词不定式用作目的状语。3．creative　考查词性转换。由空格前的“and”可知此处与cultural并列，n共同修饰空后的名词，所以应用形容词形式。4．sold　考查动词时态。本句承接上文，讲述2014年发生的事情，应用一般过去时。5．in　考查动词短语。bringin意为“赚得，挣”。故宫博物院也售卖看起来像古代官员佩戴的颈饰一样的耳机，据中国青年报报道，这在2016年挣了大约十亿元人民币。6．titled　考查非谓语动词。此处动词过去分词用作名词的后置定语，意为“名为……的”。7．whose　考查定语从句的引导词。空处引导定语从句并在从句中作定语，修饰从句的主语job，job与先行词构成所属关系。故填whose。8．twenties　考查固定搭配。inone'stwenties为固定用法，意为“在某人二十多岁的年纪”。9．museums　考查名词复数。由空格前的“Someother”可知，此处应用可数名词museum的复数形式。下文的“areworkingonsimilarprojects”也提示此处用名词复数。10．areinspired　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，设空处与下文的“andareworking...”构成并列谓语，主语为复数概念，故此处应用一般现在时和复数形式；根据句意和空后的“by”可知，此处应用被动语态，故填areinspired。