2019高中英语刷题首选卷基础练能力练unit5firstaid课时作业（二）（含解析）新人教版 8页

SectionⅡ　TheLanguagePointsofReading课时作业(二)对应学生用书P53[基础题]Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Hecutofftheflowersonthestalkwithapairofs________.答案：scissors2．Manypeoplebelievethelinkbetweenhappinessandmoneyisc________.答案：complex3．Thatcoatistooheavyforsucham________day.答案：mild4．Shewastakentohospitalwithseriousheadi________.答案：injuries5．Theseaffectallthreelayersoftheskinandanyt________andorgansundertheskin.答案：tissue6．Myeyeswereso________(肿胀的)thatIcouldhardlyseeanything.答案：swollen7．Thiskindofmushroomscontainsadeadly________(毒素).Youcan'teatthem.答案：poison8．Ihadoneofmy________(脚踝)hurtwhenIwashavingaPElesson,soIhavetostayathome.答案：ankles9．Thereisacloselinkbetweenexposureto________(辐射)andcancer.答案：radiation10．TheYangtzeriverisanatural________(屏障)tothenortheast.答案：barrierⅡ.选词填空knockover;catchfire;prevent...from...;getinjured;avarietyof;squeezeout;overandoveragain;inplace;fallill;stickto1．Thinkingthatthepetrolinthecarwould________，theyrantothedamagedcarandpulledTomoutofit.答案：catchfire2．Don'ttakeoffyourcoat,oryoumay________insuchcoldweather.n答案：fallill3．It'sveryhotintheroom,soIcanfeelmyshirt________myback.答案：stickingto4．Theweakvision________him________focusingaccurately.答案：prevented;from5．Hetookoffhiswetclothesand________thewaterinthem.答案：squeezedout6．Don'ttellthestory________；wehaveallknownit.答案：overandoveragain7．I________mycupwhenIwascleaningmytableandmykeyboardwasdestroyed.答案：knockedover8．Afterreadingthisnovel,pleaseputit________.答案：inplace9．Threepeoplewerekilledandfive________inthecrash.答案：gotinjured10．[2017·浙江高考]Makesurethatasyougofrominterviewtointerview,youaregetting________answers.答案：avarietyofⅢ.单句语法填空1．Moreandmorepeoplechoosetoshopinasupermarketasitoffersawide________(vary)ofgoods.答案：variety　句意：越来越多的人选择去超市购物，因为超市提供各种各样的商品。avarietyof“种类繁多的；各种各样的”。2．Thisgasishighly________(poison),sopleasekeepaway.答案：poisonous　句意：这种气体有剧毒，请远离。由副词highly可知，应填形容词poisonous。3．Fiveofussqueezed________thebackseatofthecar.答案：into　句意：我们中的五个人挤进了汽车后座。squeezeinto是固定搭配，意为“挤进……”。4．Althoughhehadpreviouslyledastablelife,unemploymentandaseriesofillnesseslefthim________(temporary)withoutahome.答案：temporarily　句意：尽管他之前过着稳定的生活，可是失业和一系列的疾病导致他暂时无家可归。修饰介词短语应用副词。故填temporarily。n5．Shecomplainedloudlytotheshopkeeper,whoansweredher________(mild)．答案：mildly　句意：她大声地向店主抱怨，店主却温和地回答她。此处应填副词mildly修饰动词answer。6．Wemustdowhatwecantopreventthesourceofallthewatersuppliesfrom________(pollute)．答案：beingpolluted　句意：我们必须做我们力所能及的事情去阻止供水水源被污染。preventsb./sth.(from)doingsth.“阻止某人/某物做某事”，是固定搭配，而pollute与thesourceofallwatersupplies之间是被动关系，因此用动名词的被动式。Ⅳ.单句改错1．Mum,IwaswonderingifyoucouldlendmeafewdollarsuntilIgetpayingonFriday.________________________________________________________________________答案：paying→paid2．Lookoutforcarswhenyoucrossingthestreet.________________________________________________________________________答案：去掉you或you后加are3．Ifispossible,I'dliketohavetwocopiesofit.________________________________________________________________________答案：去掉is或is前加it4．Don'tmoveanythinghere.Motherlikeseverythingtobeintheplace.________________________________________________________________________答案：去掉the5．Onceadecisionhasbeenmade,allofusshouldstickit.________________________________________________________________________答案：stick后加toⅤ.完成句子1．Livinginapollutedenvironment,peoplemay________easily.生活在受污染的环境中，人们很容易生病。答案：fallill2．Herclassmatesencouragedherto________itandeventuallyshereachedhergoal.她的同学鼓励她坚持下去，最后她终于达到了目标。答案：stickto3．______________tohavehealthyeatinghabits.n拥有健康的饮食习惯对我们来说很必要。答案：It'snecessaryforus4．Itisvitalthat______________goodpreparationsfortheexam.对我们来说，好好准备这次考试是十分重要的。答案：we(should)make5．Theairqualityinthecity,______________inthenewspaper,hasimprovedoverthepasttwomonths.正如报纸上所报道的那样，这个城市的空气质量在过去的两个月里有所改善。答案：asisreported[能力题]Ⅰ.阅读理解AAustralianresearchershavestudiedrecordsof105planecrashesandinterviewswithmorethan2,000survivorsoftrafficaccidents,andoutlinedthefollowingselfhelptips.First,sitwithyourfamilybutescapeseparately.About50percentofpassengerstravelwithatleastonecompanion.Ifyouaretravelingwithyourfamily,trynottositseparatelybecauseinanemergency,familieswhoareseparatedwilltrytoreunitebeforetheyescape,thusmissingthebesttimetoescape.However,itisbesttoescapeseparatelybecauseitwillimproveyourchancesofsurvival.Second,haveyourseatbeltssecurelyfastened.Theshoulderbeltshouldbeworncloselyagainstthebody,overtheshoulder,acrossthechest,andneverunderthearms.Itshouldnotbetooclosetoyourshoulderjoint,whichmaycausethebelteasilytoslipoff.Itisbesttowearthebelttwofingersawayfromyourshoulderjoint.Thelapbeltshouldbefirmagainstthebodyandlowacrossthehips(臀部)inordertopreventcollisionforcesfromhurtingyourviscera(内脏).Makesurebothbeltsarefastenedcloselyagainstthebody.Third,findthenearestexitonboard.Astudyfoundthattheaveragedistanceasurvivorwilltakeinanescapeissevenseatrows,sochooseapassageseatwithinthisrange.Ifnotavailable,countexactlyhowmanyrowsyouarefromthenearestexitinadvance,sothatyoucanfindyourexitinthedarkorinsmoke.Fourth,sitbackwardsontrains.Seatsonmilitaryaircraftsnormallyfacebackwardssothatsoldiersarelesslikelytobebumpedandinjuredintheheadintheeventofacrash.Thesametheoryappliestotrains.n篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，就如何在意外交通事故中自救提出了四条建议：和家人坐在一起，但是要单独逃脱；正确系牢安全带；靠最近的出口坐；坐火车要面向车尾坐着。1．Whiletraveling,intheeventofemergency,you'dbetter________.A．reunitewithyourfamilyfirstB．sitseparatelyC．escapewithyourfamilytogetherD．escapeseparately答案：D'细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，旅行中要和家人坐在一起，但遇到紧急情况时，要单独逃脱。故选D。2．Whichofthefollowingisrightintermsoffasteningseatbelts?A．Theshoulderbeltshouldneverbeunderthearms.B．Theshoulderbeltshouldbeclosetotheshoulderjoint.C．Thelapbeltshouldbelowacrossthewaist.D．Allbeltsarefastenedcloselyagainstthebody.答案：A'推理判断题。第三段给出了正确系安全带的建议：跨肩式安全带不能放在胳膊下面(A项正确)，不要太靠近肩关节(B项错误)，应紧贴身体斜挂胸前；腰带式安全带最好系在臀部(hips)(C项错误)；这两种安全带最好紧贴身体系好，但是不能推理全部安全带如此系法，排除D项。3．Thebesttitleforthepassageisprobably“________”．A．SelfhelptipsforpassengersB．SafetyinstructionswhiledrivingC．WheretositonboardD．Fasteningyourseatbelts答案：A'标题判断题。本文就如何在意外交通事故中自救给旅客提出了四条建议。故A项适合作为本文标题。BSunstroke(中暑)isaconditionthatcanquicklygofromdangeroustodeadly,especiallyifpropercareisn'tgivenimmediately.Sunstroke,sometimescalledheatstroke,isaresultofthebodytemperaturerisingabovethesafelimits.Thiscausesthebody'snecessaryfunctionstostopworking.It'susuallyprettyeasytoavoidsunstroke,aslongasproperactionistaken.Inthatcase,youneedtoactasquicklyaspossibletoreturnthatperson'sbodytoasafetemperature.Hereareafewtipstohelptreatsunstroke.nCallforhelpCalltogetanambulanceasquicklyaspossible.Thisshouldbethefirstthingyoudo,especiallyifthesunstrokepersonhasfainted(昏迷).Also,callforhelpfromanyonenearbyifyou'reinapublicplace.Ifthere'snoonearound,callsomeonenearbyiftheycangettheresoonerthananambulance.Askeveryonetobringyouasmuchwateraspossible,ifthereisn'tmuchnearby.GetthepersontoacoolerareaIfthere'sabuildingnearby,aimforthat.Anywherewithplentyofairconditionersandwaterisperfect.Ifabuildingisn'tavailable,bringthepersontoawellshadedarea.GetthewaterflowingIfthepersonisstillconscious,gethimorhertodrinkwater.Ifthere'sabathtubavailable,fillitwithcoolwaterandputthepersoninit.Ifyourwatersupplyislimited,youhavetosaveit.Dampenatowelorshirtandputitontheperson'sbody.Focusontheface,neck,andchest.FanthepersonGettingmovingairoverthepersoncoolshimorherdown.Useanything,atowelorsheet,ashirt,yourhands,orapieceofboard.Thisiswherehavingmanypeoplearoundreallyhelps,astheycancombinetofantheentirebody.4．Whendoesapersongetsunstroke?A．Whenthebodydoesn'tfunction.B．Whenpropercareisgivenimmediately.C．Whensomeoneisexposedtothesuntoolong.D．Whenthebodytemperaturegoesupbeyondwhatonecanbear.答案：D　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，当人体的体温超过人所能承受的安全极限时，人就会中暑。故选D。5．Whatismainlydiscussedinthepassage?A．Thefirstaidforsunstroke.B．Thecauseofsunstroke.C．Thechiefsymptomsofsunstroke.D．Theessentialpreventionofsunstroke.答案：A　主旨大意题。文章首先介绍了何为中暑以及中暑的危害，结合第三段最后一句“Hereareafewtipstohelptreatnsunstroke.”可知，下文讲述的是中暑时需要采取的急救措施，也是本文的主旨所在。故选A。　6．Thetextprobablycomesfrom________.A．aguidebookB．abookreviewC．amedicalmagazineD．anofficialdocument答案：C　推理判断题。文章主要介绍了中暑的危害以及中暑后如何急救的相关知识，故有可能选自一本医学杂志。故选C。Ⅱ.短文改错[2018·惠州高三调研]LastFriday,wewerehavingourclasswhileourteacherMissLisuddenlyslippedandfallontheground.Allthestudentswereconcernabouther.Helpedbysomestudents,Icarriedheronbacktotheclinicimmediately.Herleftlegwasturnedouttobebrokenandshehadtostayinhospitalforhalfamonth.Thefollowingday,wepaidavisitforherwithflowersandfruits.Seeherlegwrappedinbandage,allofusfeltsorryforher,hopingshewouldrecoversoon.Unexpectedly,onlyfivedayslate,MissLireturnedtotheclassinawheelchairtogiveuslessons.Weweredeepmoved,allrisingtoapplaudher.答案　LastFriday,wewerehavingourclassourteacherMissLisuddenlyslippedandontheground.Allthestudentswereabouther.Helpedbysomestudents,Icarriedheronbacktotheclinicimmediately.Herleftlegwasturnedouttobebrokenandshehadtostayinhospitalforhalfamonth.Thefollowingday,wepaidavisitherwithflowersandfruits.herlegwrappedin，allofusfeltsorryforher,hopingshewouldrecoversoon.Unexpectedly,onlyfivedays，MissLireturnedtotheclassinawheelchairtogiveuslessons.Weweremoved,allrisingtoapplaudher.难项分析：第一处：while→when　考查固定句型。bedoingsth.when...表示“正在做某事，这时(突然)……”。故将while改为when。第六处：for→to　考查固定搭配。payavisittosb.“拜访某人”。n第八处：bandage→bandages　考查名词的复数。bandage为可数名词，其前没有限定词修饰，故应将bandage改为bandages。