2019高中英语刷题首选卷基础练能力练unit4makingthenewssectionⅳlearningaboutlanguage 7页

SectionⅣ　LearningaboutLanguage&UsingLanguage对应学生用书P45[基础题]Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Sheisagoodh________whomakesherhousecleanandtidy.答案：housewife2．Ac________isanillegalactionoractivityforwhichapersoncanbepunishedbylaw.答案：crime3．Youwillmeetmanydifficultiesinthep________oflearninganewlanguage.答案：process4．Hisshoeswereverydirty,sohefoundapieceofclothtop________them.答案：polish5．Theyareworkinghardsoastofinishthewholeworka________oftime.答案：ahead6．Oneofthe________(主要的)causesofcrimetodayisdrugs.答案：chief7．TheEnglish________(系)ofourschoolwillholdapartytocelebrateChristmas.答案：Department8．Asshesawthefaceoftheattacker,shewasabletogivethepolicean________(精确的)descriptionofhim.答案：accurate9．Hehasmadean________(约会)withhisdoctorforhistoothache.答案：appointment10．Televisionandradioneededmanymorewomenin________(高级的)jobs.答案：seniorⅡ.选词填空1．It'stheyoungpeoplewhoarealways________thetimes.答案：aheadof2．Inorderto________invasion,thecountryputupstrongdefences.答案：defendagainstn3．Martyhasbeen________hisbookandhethinkshe'llhavefinisheditbyFriday.答案：workingon4．Itisnaturalthatparentsdon't________theirchildrendoingthat.答案：approveof5．Ifyouwanttoseethechairmanofthedepartment,you'dbetter________hissecretaryfirst.答案：makeanappointmentwith6．________，theeditorwillsendyouanemailtoinformyouofit.答案：Lastofall7．He________meinthecompany,thoughheisyounger.答案：isseniorto8．Imetanoldfriend________attheairportyesterday.答案：byaccident9．________it________thenextpersonafteryoufillintheform.答案：Pass;onto10．Thegovernmentis________makingapeaceplan.答案：intheprocessofⅢ.单句语法填空1．TheChinesetranslationofthesecond________(edit)ofthebookwaspublishedinMarch.答案：edition　句意：这本书第二版的中文译本在三月出版了。根据thesecond和设空后的of可知，此处应用名词形式。故填edition。2．Theagreement________(approve)beforethemeetingcametoanend.答案：wasapproved　句意：该协议在会议结束之前被批准了。由句意可知，此处应用被动语态；且由came可知，应用一般过去时。3．Theyquestionedthe________(accurate)oftheinformationinthefile.答案：accuracy　由冠词the可知，此空应填名词，accuracy“精确”，为名词。4．Myparentsallowme________(see)theconcertofEasonChan.答案：tosee　allowsb.todosth.“允许某人做某事”。5．Thechildrenwerehavingagreattimeonthe________(polish)floor.答案：polished　此处是分词作定语，polish与floor之间为被动关系，故填过去分词polished。Ⅳ.单句改错n1．Theprojectisnotfinishedandisstillintheprocess.________________________________________________________________________答案：去掉process前的the2．Autumncoming,downfallstheleaves.________________________________________________________________________答案：falls→fall3．Whatweallknow,environmentalproblemsarebecomingmoreandmoreseriousallovertheworld.________________________________________________________________________答案：What→As4．Nothingcankeephimcarryingouthisplan.________________________________________________________________________答案：him后加from5．ThenDavidgavewaytodeepsorrow,andneitherdidallthemenwhowerewithhim.________________________________________________________________________答案：neither→soⅤ.完成句子1．Theyoungmanhasformedahabitof______________beforeheleaveshome.这个年轻人养成了离家之前擦亮鞋子的习惯。答案：polishinghisshoes2．She________________fromabadcoldwhenshetooktheexam.她在考试时一直患重感冒。答案：hadbeensuffering3．Whowerethesocalledguests________________lastnight?昨晚被邀请参加你的晚会的那些所谓的客人是谁呀？答案：invitedtoyourparty4．Wearedoubtfulwhetherhisapplication____________________.我们怀疑他的申请能否被批准。答案：willbeapproved5．Asajournalist,youmust________________inyourwords.作为一名记者，你必须用语准确。答案：beaccurate[能力题]n　Ⅰ.阅读理解UnlikeChina,wherethemajorityofsocietybelongstotheHanethnicgroup,theUnitedStatesishometopeoplefrommanydifferentethnicandculturalbackgrounds,creatinggreatdiversitywithinitslivelysociety.However,historicaleventsthatcreatedthisdiversityalsoledtoracialdisputesandprejudicethathavelasteduntiltoday.ArounddayslikeMartinLutherKingDay,peopleintheUSareespeciallysensitivetoracistcommentsandbehavior.Recently,aFacebookmessagepostedbyawhitestudentatmyboardingschoolstartedawaveofangeramongAfricanAmericanstudentsandstartedheatedconversationsaboutminoritygroupsattheschool.ThestudentspostedanarticlewrittenbysomeoneelsewhostatedthatRobertE.Lee,aConfederategeneralduringtheUSCivilWar,shouldbecommemorated(纪念).AstheConfederatesbrokefromtheUnioninordertokeepslaveryintheirstates,theywereusuallyseenasracists.Thepostreceivedafloodofcommentsfrombothwhiteandblackstudentswithinminutes,andconversationaboutthetopicspreadacrosscampusquickly.Afishbowlconversationwasorganizedontheeveningthearticlewasposted,andstudentsandfaculty(学院)memberstalkedabouttheirfeelingsandopinions.Duringthediscussion,studentsfromminoritygroups,includingAfricanAmerican,Jewish,AsianandIndianstudents,spokeupabouthowtheyfeltaboutlivinginasocietymainlymadeupofpeoplewhoaredifferentfromthem.Itturnedoutthatmanypeoplefeltisolatedbecauseoftheirdifferencesfromotherpeople.Thediversityofsocietycanopenupinterestingopportunities,butthegreatdifferencesbetweenpeoplecanalsocreatehugegapsandmisunderstandingsiftheyarenottreatedcarefully.Thus,effectivecommunicationisessential.Afterthefishbowlconversation,theatmosphereintheschoolseemedtobechanging,atleastfrommypointofview.Studentsseemedtobetalkingandactingmorefreelythanbefore,andtheexpressionsofjudgementwereseenlessontheirfaces.　n1．ThemainpurposeofParagraph1isto________.A．drawattentiontothefactthatracialproblemsstillexistinAmericaB．showthattheUnitedStateshasawonderfullydiversecultureC．explainhowsensitivepeopleintheUSaretoracistcommentsandbehaviorD．pointoutthedifferencesbetweenAmericancultureandthoseofothercountries答案：B　推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，本段主要讲的是美国文化的多样性，与第二段中的“historicaleventsthatcreatedthisdiversity”相呼应，故选B。2．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A．Thepostwasoffensivetoblackstudents.B．ThepostwasaimedatAfricanAmericanstudents.C．Theauthorofthepostwasstronglyinfavorofslavery.D．Theauthorofthepostheldanegativeattitudetowardminoritygroups.答案：A　推理判断题。根据第四段可知，一位学生发布了一条应当纪念罗伯特·爱德华·李的帖子，由于罗伯特·爱德华·李当时是赞成蓄奴的，由此激起了很多学生的愤慨；结合常识可知，当时美国的奴隶主要是黑人，故可推断网上所发的那个帖子应是对黑人有所冒犯的，故选A。3．Accordingtothearticle,thefishbowlconversationwasheldmainlyto________.A．figureoutwhetherthearticleshouldbepostedornotB．educatestudentsonhowtoexpresstheiropinionsappropriatelyC．improvethelivesofpeoplewhobelongtominoritygroupsoncampusD．getpeopletocommunicatehowtheyfeltandthoughtaboutthepost答案：D　推理判断题。根据第五段第一句可推知，组织讨论的目的是让大家对帖子畅所欲言，各抒己见，故选D。4．Whatdidtheauthorlearnfromtheincident?A．Weshouldlearntolivewithothers'differences.B．Weshouldalwaysfeelfreetoshareourfeelings.C．Effectivecommunicationisveryimportantinadiversesociety.D．Ifthereisnodifference,thenthereisnomisunderstanding.答案：C　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段，尤其是最后一句可推知，作者认为在多样性的文化中，有效沟通是非常有必要的，故选C。Ⅱ.七选五n根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。[2017·北京朝阳区高三期末]DearDiaryManypeoplehavethehabitofwritingadiary.Theytrytodescribeclearlyandremembercorrectlyallthattheyseeandadmire.Theword“diary”comesfromtheLatinword“diarium”，whichmeans“dailyallowance”.__1__Someexpertssuggestthatkeepingadiaryisagoodformofselfstudy.InAmerica,fromthe1940sthroughthe1980s,adiarywasthoughtofmostlyasawaytoexpressone'sdeepestthoughtswhilekeepingnotationsabouttheday.Inthosetimes,writinginadiarywaslikewritingtoafriend.Manytimes,movieswouldshowateenagegirlbeginningtowriteinherdiarywhileshesaidaloud,“Deardiary,...”__2__Privatediariesmayhavehistoricalsignificancelongaftertheauthor'sdeath.Thosediariesareregardedastheresultofhowaparticularauthorexperiencedallthethingsaround.__3__AdiarykeptbyaJewishgirlbythenameofAnneFrankdocumentedherexperienceswhileshehidfromtheNazisinWorldWarⅡ.Herdiaryhasbecomeoneoftheworld'smostwidelyreadbooks.SamuelPepys,wholivedduringthe17thcentury,isstillveryfamoustoday.Hisdiarywasalsoanimportantdocumentationofhistory.__4__Pepystookdiarywritingfromthegeneralareaofbusinesstopersonalpreference.Readinghisdiaryisextremelyinteresting,anditmakeshislifeallthemorerealtous.__5__Theelectronicversionofthediary,theblog,hasmadeitmuchmorethanapersonalaccountoftheday'sevents.Thereareblogstodocumentrecipes,traveling,productannouncements,andanythingelsethatneedstoberecordedovertime.SearchengineslikeTechnorati.comhavebeencreatedtokeeptrackofmillionsofblogsthatareavailableforanyone.Diaryhasbecomemorepopularthanever.A．Itreferstoabookconsistingofmanysmallpartsofwritingsbydate.B．Moreandmorepersonaldiarieshavegiventheattentiontopublicinterest.C．They'veprovedthatwritingdiariesishighlybeneficialtohistoricaldevelopment.D．Byextensiontheterm“diary”hasbeenusedtomeanthepublicationinsomeway.nE．ItgavehisclearunderstandingofsomebigeventssuchastheGreatFireofLondon.F．Theyshowhowpeopleacceptedorresistedthetimeandtheplaceinwhichtheylived.G．Whatfollowedwasasummaryofthedayfilledwithastrongfeelingsuchasloveorhate.1．A　根据空格处前一句“Theword‘diary’comesfromtheLatinword‘diarium’，whichmeans‘dailyallowance’．”可知，该处解释日记的定义。故选A。2．G　根据空格处前一句“Manytimes,movieswouldshowateenagegirlbeginningtowriteinherdiarywhileshesaidaloud,‘Deardiary,...’”并结合常识可以判断，当女孩在日记中写“亲爱的日记”后，接下来会对当天的情况进行总结、抒发感情。故选G。3．F　根据空格处前一句“Thosediariesareregardedastheresultofhowaparticularauthorexperiencedallthethingsaround.”及空格后所举的例子可知，这种日记记录的是作者经历的事情。F项中的“they”指代“Thosediaries”，故选F。4．E　根据空格处前一句“Hisdiarywasalsoanimportantdocumentationofhistory.”和空格后的“Pepystookdiarywritingfrom...to...”可知，此处仍在讲述Pepys的日记，且该处承接上文，说明Pepys的日记记录的是历史大事件。故选E。5．D　根据空格处下一句“Theelectronicversionofthediary,theblog,hasmadeitmuchmorethanapersonalaccountoftheday'sevents.”可知，这里陈述的是电子版日记的形式。故选D。