高中英语unit4astronomythescienceofthestarssectionⅱthelanguagepointsofreading（第2课时） 7页

SectionⅡTheLanguagePointsofReading（第2课时）课时作业(二)[基础题]Ⅰ　单词拼写1．Thebigprojecthascostalmostasmuchasone________(十亿)dollars.答案：billion2．Acrossthe________(地球),sealevelvariesbyhundredsoffeet.答案：globe3．This________(理论)ishelpfultoexplainhowtheuniversebegan.答案：theory4．________(不像)whatyousupposed,onlyfewpeopleattendedhisbirthdayparty.答案：Unlike5．Thelittleboyisinterestedin________(天文学)．答案：astronomy6．Peoplesufferingfromhungerstille________inmanypartsoftheworldtoday.答案：exist7．Twopeoplehavebeenkilledinthev________incidentonMarch2nd.答案：violent8．Smokingish________tohealth,buttherearestillmanypeoplepickingitup.答案：harmful9．Somepeoplearestillp________abouthowthecomputerworks.答案：puzzled10．Thenewownershavetriedtogivetherestaurantamorefamilyfriendlya________.答案：atmosphereⅡ　选词填空givebirthto,allow...to,befundamentalto,cooldown,prevent...from,layeggs,dependon,intime,nowthat,existin1．Thewarmweatherherepermitsthebirdsto________allyearround.n答案：layeggs2．Can'tyou________yourson________gettingintotrouble?答案：prevent;from3．Janehasjust________twins,sohermothermustbeinthehospitallookingafterhernow.答案：givenbirthto4．Choosingtherightbike________whatyouwanttouseitfor.答案：dependson5．IttookCharlesalongtimeto________aftertheargument.答案：cooldown6．Sheonly________thechildren________watchtelevisionontheweekend.答案：allows;to7．Honesty________humanbeings.答案：isfundamentalto8．Theproblemonly________yourhead,Tom.答案：existsin9．________weknoweachotheralittlebetter,wegetalongfine.答案：Nowthat10．Workhardatyourlessons,andyouaresuretomakeprogress________.答案：intimeⅢ　单句语法填空1．Thenewrulesmake________possibleforpeopleheretohaveapeacefulenvironment.答案：it2．Thefestivalofthisyearhasbeenagreatsuccess,________(like)theyearbeforewhenitrainednonstop.答案：unlike3．PeopleofChitianCounty,Japan,hadbeenalwaystryinghardtokeepthemselvesfrom________(hurt)bythetsunami(海啸),butunfortunatelyithappened.答案：beinghurt4．Theworkerearnedlittlemoneyamonth,sohehadtoexist________onlyninstantnoodles.答案：on5．Itiswrongtosellproductsthatareharmful________people.答案：to6．Inordertobereceived________timeforChristmas,allthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediately.答案：inⅣ　单句改错1．Nothingcouldpreventhimfromgoouteventhoughit'srainingcatsanddogs.__________________________________________________________________答案：go→going2．Itdoesn'tmatterthatfoodiseatenraworcooked.__________________________________________________________________答案：that→whether3．Shegavebirthacutebabyyesterday.__________________________________________________________________答案：birth后加to4．Itisknownthat2multiplyingby4makes8.__________________________________________________________________答案：multiplying→multiplied5．Thereisnoharmintakeexerciseafterdinner.__________________________________________________________________答案：take→taking[能力题]阅读理解A“WhenIwasachild,spacewasallIdreamtandtalkedabout.Myparentsthoughtitwasjustaphase,butasIgrewupIbecamegreatlyinterestedinscience.IneverdoubtedthatonedayI'dbeanastronaut.”Asanadult,AnoushehAnsarileftherhomecountryIran,settledintheUSAandstartedacompany.Thecompanywassosuccessfulthatshewasfinallyabletosellitfor$750million.“Thefirstthingnthatcrossedmymindwasthatmylife'sgoalmightnowbewithinreachandIsigneduptobecomethefirstfemale(女性的)privatespaceexploreratacostofaround$20million.”AnoushehsetoffonSeptember18thalongwithtwoastronauts.Onthespacestation,eachmemberofaspacecrew，touristornot,isexpectedtocarryoutimportantexperimentsonboard.ForAnousheh,thismeantworkingonlowerbackpainsinastronautsandstudyingtinylifeformsthatcancarrydiseasesonboardthestation.Manypeoplemighthaveconsideredthis“workingholiday”bad,butAnoushehlovedit.Anoushehfacedmanydifficultiesonboard.Towashherhair,forexample,shehadtoputwateroverherhead;however,littlebitsofwaterwouldfloataway.“Theguyslikedtomakefunofme.They'daskmetopassthebreadandwhenIhandedittothem,ratherthanfloatingit,they'dsayI'dtakenallthefunoutofit.Afterawhile,Igotusedtoallthis,though,andIfeltsoathomethatintheenditwashardtogobacktonormality.”Anoushehisproudtobethefirstfemalespacetouristandwantstoencouragewomenallovertheworld.However,shedoesn'tlikethetitle“spacetourist”．“IthinkifmyexperienceistobecomparedtoanexperimentoranexperienceonEarth,itisprobablyclosertoanadventuretoAntarcticaorclimbingMountQomolangma，”sheexplains.1．AsAnoushehwasgrowingup,________.A．shedidn'tthinkshewouldeverbecomeanastronautB．herinterestinspacewasn'texpectedtolastC．shedisagreedwithherparents'plansD．otherstriedtodiscourageherdreams答案：B　推理判断题。根据第一段前两句可推测，Anousheh对于太空的热爱在父母看来只是一时头脑发热，不会持续太长时间。2．Thespacecrewmembers________.A．oftencarrydiseasesontothespacestationB．cansufferfromachesandpainsC．musthaveastrongbackgroundinsciencenD．havelittletimetorelax答案：B　细节理解题。根据第二段第三句中的“workingonlowerbackpainsinastronauts”可知，太空机组成员可能遭受疼痛之苦。3．Onthespacestation,________.A．AnoushehdidalotofpracticeonbreadB．itseemedimpossibleforAnoushehtowashwithwaterC．AnoushehlikedplayinggameswiththeotherastronautsD．ittookAnoushehsometimetogetfamiliarwiththeconditions答案：D　细节理解题。根据第三段尾句可知，Anousheh在太空站过一段时间后才慢慢适应了那里的环境。4．InAnousheh'sopinion，herexperienceasaspacetourist________.A．willgiveotherwomenthecouragetoexplorespaceB．cannotbecomparedtoanyexperienceonEarthC．turnedouttobeadangerousexperimentD．wasnotasgoodasshehoped答案：A　细节理解题。根据最后一段首句可知，Anousheh想借自己的太空旅行经历鼓励更多的女性去探索太空。　1．crewn.全体机组人员2．normalityn.正常状态1．signup报名2．onboard在船(火车、飞机、宇宙飞船)上BTheMarsappearstobeflowingwithsmallstreamsofsaltywater,atleastinthesummer,scientistsreportedMonday.“ItsuggeststhatitwouldbepossiblefortheretobelifetodayontheMars，”NASA'ssciencemissionchief,JohnGrunsfeld,saidatanewsconferenceonSeptember28,2015.Thestreamsareabout12to15feetwideand300feetormorelong,scientistsnsaid.“Whatwe'redealingwithiswetsoil,thinlayersofwetsoil,notstandingwater，”saidAifredMcEwenoftheUniversityofArizonaatTueson,theprincipalscientistfortheMarsReconnaissanceOrbiter'shighresolutionimagingexperiment.Becauseliquidwaterisessentialtolife,thefindingscouldhavemajorimplicationsforthepossibilityofMartianlife.Theresearcherssaidfurtherexplorationisneededtodeterminewhethermicroscopiclifeexistsontheplanet.ThepresenceofliquidwatercouldalsomakelifeeasierforastronautsvisitingorlivingontheMars.Watercouldbeusedfordrinkingandforcreatingoxygenandrocketfuel.NASA'sgoalistosendhumansthereinthe2030s.Theevidenceofflowingwaterconsistslargelyofdark,narrowstreaks(条痕)onthesurfacethattendtoappearandgrowduringthewarmestMartianmonthsandfadetherestoftheyear.TheMarsisextremelycoldeveninsummer,andthestreaksareinplaceswherethetemperatureisaslowasminus10degreesFahrenheit.Butsaltcanlowerthefreezingpointofwaterandmeltice.Thesource(源头)ofthewaterisamystery.Scientistsnoteditcouldbemeltingice.Itcouldbeanundergroundaquifer,whichisrockorsandthatcanholdwater.ItispossiblywatervaporfromthethinMartianatmosphere.OritmaybeacombinationMichaelMeyer,leadscientistforNASA'sMarsexplorationprogram,saidtheonlydefinitivewayfornowtodeterminewhetherthere'slifeonMarsistocollectrocksandsoilforanalysisonEarth—somethingaUSlandersetforliftoffin2020willdo.5．AccordingtoJohnGrunsfeld,thereseemstobe________ontheMars.A．saltywaterB．standingwaterC．rocketfuelD．humanbeings答案：A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“TheMarsappearstobeflowingwithsmallstreamsofsaltywater”可知，saltywater可能存在于火星上，故A项正确。6．Scientistsareuncertainaboutthe________ofthewaterontheMars.A．stateB．sourceC．temperatureD．tasten答案：B　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第一句“Thesource(源头)ofthewaterisamystery.”可知选B。7．WhatmatterstotheexistenceofliquidwaterontheMars?A．Thedistancefromthesun.B．Thefavorableclimate.C．ThegravityoftheearthD．Thesaltinit.答案：B　细节理解题。根据文章第五、六段可知，火星上气温很低，即使夏天气温也极低，但在局部气温稍高一点的地方，会有液体水冲刷的条痕，据此可知，适宜的气候对于液体水的存在关系重大，故B项正确。8．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．StreamsofWaterSpottedontheMarsB．AstronautswillLandontheMarsC．NASA'sMarsExplorationProgramD．ABreakthroughintheExplorationoftheMars答案：A　标题判断题。由第一段第一句中的“TheMarsappearstobeflowingwithsmallstreamsofsaltywater”以及文章的其他部分的内容可知，文章主要是围绕着火星上是否有水这一个主题来展开的，故A项作标题最合适。implicationn.含义，暗示1．beessentialto……对……极为重要；……对于……必不可少2．tendto倾向于，易于，常常