甘肃省兰州市第一中学2019届高三英语5月月考试题 14页

兰州一中2018—2019学年度高三年级5月月考试题英语本卷满分为120分，考试时间100分钟。第一部分阅读理解（共两小节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ADarkSkyParksaroundtheWorldWarrumbungleNationalParkSituatedinthecentralwestslopesofNewSouthWalesisAustralia’sonlydarkskypark,Warrumbungle.TheparkhasservedasadarkskyparksinceJuly2016.Itscrystal-clearnightskiesandhighaltitudemakeitanatural,educational,andastronomicalheritagesiteinthesouthernhalfoftheearth.TouristscanuseAustralia’slargestopticaltelescopewithintheparkboundariestoviewtheauroras，theMilkyWay,andfaintshootingstars.SarkSarkisaChannelIslandnearthecoastofNormandyundertheprotectionoftheUK.ItwastheWorld’sFirstDarkSkyIslandsetupinJanuary2011.Itshistoricalandculturalblendattractsover40,000touristsannually.Withnomotorvehiclesandpubliclightingontheisland,thereisanexceptionalviewofthedarkskies.ArichMilkyWayisvisibleinthedarknightskiesfromtheshoresoftheisland.PicduMidideBigorrePicduMidideBigorreinFrancewasdesignatedasadarkskyparkinDecember2013makingitthesecondlargestdarkskyparkintheworld.Theparkcovers3.112squarekilometersspreadacrossthePyreneesNationalParkandUNESCO’sWorldHeritagesite,Pyrenees-MontPerdu.Theparkattractsoveronehundredstarwatcherseveryyear.TheObservatoryMidi-Pyrenees,whichwasbuiltin1870,isoneoftheworld’shighestmuseumsataheightof2,877metersabovesealevel.RamonCrater/MakhteshRamonnRamonCraterisaunique1,100-square-kilometernaturereservelocatedintheNegevDesertinIsrael.In2017,theRamonCraterbecamethefirstdesignateddarkskyparkintheMiddleEast.Itslocation,roughclimate,andforbiddinglandscapethatarecharacteristicoftheNegevhavelargelydefeatedhistoricalattemptsforhumansettlement,makingitagreatplacetoviewthenightskies.Stargazersusuallycampinthedeserttohaveanuninterruptedviewofthestars,planets,andtheMilkyWay.1.Whichparkservesasaheritagesiteforastronomy?A.Sark.B.PicduMidideBigorre.C.WarrumbungleNationalPark.D.RamonCrater/MakhteshRamon.2.WhatdoweknowaboutSarkfromthepassage?A.Notasinglecarrunsthere.B.ItwasanislandbelongingtoNormandy.C.TheMilkyWaycanonlybeseenthere.D.Visitorsliketostayontheislandingroups.3.WhatmakesitdifficultforhumanstoliveinRamonCrater?A.Highaltitude.B.Thelargearea.C.Geographicalconditions.D.Culturalfeatures.BJonHoffmanwassittingataredlightwhenhesawamanrunoutofastorecarryingaplasticdonationjarfullofcash.ThePlano,Texas,detective,dressedinplainclothesbutwearinghisbadge(徽章)andgun,caughtthemanandpinnedhimtothehoodofhiscar.ButHoffmanhadtroublecontainingthethief,andtheygotintoastruggle.“Thedetectivehasamartialartsbackground,andhesaidhethoughtthesuspectmusthaveamartialartsbackground,too,becausehewasabletobreakawaysoeasily,”aPlanopolicespokespersonsaid.Thedetectivecalledoutforhelpasacrowdgathered.Amongthosewatching:AndreHarveyandKirbySample,twodaylaborers.Harveydidwhathasbecomecommonthesedays—hetookouthisphoneandhitrecord.“Ihatetosayit,butIthoughtthatnthispolicemanwasdoingsomethingillegal,”Harveysaid.“Butwhenheaskedforhelp,Ithought,well,therewon’tbeashootingifIgetoverthereintime.”Harveyjumpedintoaction—whilehewasstillrecordingthevideo—asdidSample.“Harveycaughtholdofthesuspect’sarms,whileKirbyseizedhislegs,andtheywereabletogetthesuspecttothegroundtohelpDetectiveHoffmanputthehandcuffs(手铐)on,”saidthepolicespokesperson.The27-year-oldsuspectwaschargedwithresistingarrestandotheroffenses.Thecharityjarhestoleheldlessthan$50.“I’vebeenonthewrongsideofthelawseveraltimesinmylife,”HarveytoldWFAA.“Itfeelsgoodtobeontherightsideanddosomethingpositive.”Afterthearrest,thethreemengottoknoweachotheroversteaksandribsatalocalsteakhouse—Hoffman’streat,asathank-you.ButtherescuerssayHoffmandeservescredittoo.“Itcouldhaveturnedrealugly.”Sampletoldthemedia“Hehandledhimselflikearealprofessional.”4.WhatmadeHoffmancallforhelpwhenarrestingthesuspect?A.Hewasnotonduty.B.Heneededwitnessestosupporthim.C.Hewantedtopushthethiefintothecar.D.Hecouldn’tcontrolthesuspect.5.WhydidHarveyandKirbyrecordthesceneatthebeginning?A.Tofollowthefashion.B.Tokeeptrackofthecriminal.C.Torecordthedetective’sviolence.D.Toavoidbeinginvolvedintheincident.6.WhatcanbeinferredaboutHarvey?A.Hewasreadytoviolatethelaw.B.Hemighthavehadsomeillegalbehaviour.C.Hewasoutofworkatthattime.D.Hehadagoodmartialartsbackground.7.WhatisHarveyandSample’sattitudetowardsHoffman?A.Appreciative.B.Prejudiced.C.Skeptical.D.nCautious.CTherearemanyprogramsforhighschoolstudentstodaythathelplonelyteenagersdealwithloneliness.However,lonelinessisnotonlyaproblemforteensbutalsoanimportantandrarelyacknowledgedoneintheelderly.InBritain,TraceyCrouchwasappointedtobethefirstMinisterofLonelinessinordertoaddresstheproblemscausedbyloneliness.Thisisthefirsttimesuchapositionhasbeencreated.InBritain,therearearound9millionpeoplewhosaytheyarelonelyfrequently.InGermany,astudyconductedbyRuhrUniversityBochumfoundthat20percentofpeopleovertheageof85feltlonely,and14percentofthosebetweenage45and65feltsociallylonely.IntheUnitedStates,morethan25percentofthepopulationlivealone,morethan50percentareunmarried.Lonelinessisgenerallyassociatedwithheartdisease,overweight,andanxiety.Additionally,thestressfromlonelinesscancauseyourcellstochangeonamolecular(分子)levelthatreducesitsabilitiestodefendyourbodyagainstdiseases.Infact,doctorsbelievehavingfeelingsoflonelinessisequivalenttosmoking15cigarettesperdayinregardtoitseffectonhealth!InBritain,thenewMinisterofLonelinesswillhelpintroducegovernmentpoliciesontheproblemandfundacharity—anorganizationforhelpingpeopleinneed,todevotetheireffortstowardsaidingloneliness.Therearecharitiesthatlinklonelyseniorstohighschoolstudentsinordertogivethemalineofcommunicationwhenevertheyfeellonely!ThepossibilitiesforthenewMinisterofLonelinessareendless.Forexample,shecanprovideeducationservicestohouseholdbusinessessothattheycanidentifylonelycustomersiftheyseeone.Lonelinessfitsintothecategoryofbeingasocialproblemthatmustbemonitoredbytheentirecommunityinordertohelpthoseinneed.Therefore,governmentinvolvementinmedicalservicesandcareforseniorsandothersisvitalforhappyseniors.8.HowdoestheauthordevelopParagraph3?nA.Bylistingsomestatistics.B.Bygivingexamplesoflonelypeople．C.Bypointingoutsimilaritiesanddifferences.D.Bycomparingdifferentculturesindifferentcountries．9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“equivalent”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Relevant．B.Opposite．C.Similar．D.Superior．10.WhatwilltheMinisterofLonelinessdo?A.Dohouseworkforlonelypeople．B.Helpfundcharitiestoaidlonelypeople．C.Communicatewithanxiousschoolstudents．D.Developfriendshipswiththeelderly．11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.UKbecomesthecapitalofloneliness．B.Lonelinessaffectsoldpeople’slifeworldwide.C.Manyteenagerssufferfromloneliness．D.UK’sMinisterofLonelinesssettlesloneliness.DInthisPennsylvaniacity,Pittsburghisshrinkingbutgettingwealthier.Since2000,itspopulationhasdeclinedby95,000whileitsincomepercapita(人均)hasshotup24percent.Thetrendistakingholdinmanyothercities,likeBuffaloinNewYork,ProvidenceinRhodeIslandandNewOrleans.Someoftheseareashavecreatedmorehigh-payingjobsinenergy,healthcareoreducation.Othershavemanagedtoreshapetheirproducingindustryforaneweconomy.Higher-payingjobshaveagreatereffectbecausetheycreatedemandforadditionalservices."ThestoryinPittsburghisverypositive,andotherareasarelookingatitasanexampleofthetransformationthatmightbepossible,”saidGuhanVenkatu,whowroteaneconomichistoryoftheareacalled“RustandRenewal”fortheFederalReserveBankofCleveland.CarnegieMellonUniversityandtheUniversityofPittsburghhavehelpedbringtechjobsandinnovation(革新)totheareabysponsoringtechcentersthathelpngraduatesstartcompanieswithoutmovingtoSiliconValleyorSanFrancisco.ThishashelpedkeepPittsburgh'seducatedyoungpopulationgrowingevenastheentirepopulationinthecityhasdropped.PittsburghhasmoreSTEM(science,technology,engineeringandmath)jobsthanothershrinkingcities,about80,000or7%ofalljobs.STEMjobsaddproductivityandincomegrowthtothearea.Manufacturersofhigh-techmedicalequipmentinthePittsburghareaalsohavedoubledemploymentinthelast10years.However,someexpertsquestionwhethergrowingincomepercapitacanreallymakeupforadecliningpopulation.AccordingtoPatrickAdler,aresearcherattheUniversityofToronto,populationlossdoesmatterifitmeanslower-skilledworkershavefledbecauseofalackofopportunity.What'smore,high-payingjobsineducationandhealthcarecandisappearifthepopulationdeclinestoogreatly.Soit'dbewisetofindwaystoincreasethepopulation.12.InwhataspectdoesPittsburghsetagoodexample?A.Transformingoldenergyintonewenergy.B.Prohibitingthemanufacturing.C.Creatingmorewell-paidjobs.D.Sponsoringhighereducation.13.Howdosomeacademicinstitutionshelpwiththelocaleconomy?A.Byhelpingtoattractmoretalentsfromhomeandabroad.B.Byprovidingmuchtechnicalsupporttolocalcompanies.C.Byhostingtechcenterstoallowlocaleducatedgraduatestostay.D.Byassistinginemployingalargenumberofeducatedyouths.14.WhyisPatrickAdlermentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Tosuggestincreasinghigh-payingjobs.B.Toraisedoubtsaboutgrowingincomepercapita.C.Totellareasonwhylower-skilledworkersflee.D.Toshowthedisadvantageofadecliningpopulation.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?nA.WhySomeCitiesAreLosingPeoplebutGettingWealthierB.HowFastJobGrowthIsRelatedtoPopulationGrowthC.HowLess-crowdedCitiesPlanTheirHigh-techEconomyD.WhySomeCitiesAreSufferingFromaShrinkingPopulation第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoSurviveBeingStuckinaLiftBeingstuckinalift,alsoknownasanelevator,cansometimesbescary,especiallyifyouareafanofthosekindsofmovieswhichhavealotofelevatortragedies.Youmaythinkbeingstuckinanelevatorinreallifeisnotlikeinthemovies.16Remaincalmanddonotpanic!Youmayhaveheardofthisalotoftimesanditistruethatpanickingwilldoyounogood.17Presseachofthefloorbuttonsonebyone.Then,trythe“doorsopen”button.Ifnoneofthebuttonsworks,theliftisbroken,andyouneedtoletsomeoneknowaboutit.SeeifyourphonehasanyreceptionorInternet.18IfyouhaveWiFiconnection,contactafamilymemberorfriend.Don’tforgettotellthemwhattheaddressisofthebuildingandpossiblywhichelevatoryouarestuckin.Ifyourphoneisnotavailable,thefollowingtipscanhelpyou.Lookthroughthegapbetweenthedoorsofthelift.Ifyoucanseelightbetweenthedoors,thelifthasstoppednearafloor,andyoushouldbeabletoshoutforhelpandbereleased.Donottrytoforcethedoorsopenyourself.Ifyoucan’tseelightbetweenthedoors,thelifthasstoppedbetweenfloors,andnoonewillbeabletoletyououtifyouscreamforhelp.Lookforanemergencytelephone.Ifthereisnotelephone,pressthealarmbuttonrepeatedly.1920Ifyouhavewaitedformorethanhalfanhourandnobodyhascometogetyouout,shoutandbangtheinsidewallsofthelift.Ifnooneisrespondingtoyou,thenyou’llhavetoacceptthatyouwillbeintheliftovernight.Ifthishappens,makeyourselfascomfortableaspossibletosaveyourenergy.Bymorning,thebuildingnshouldbefullagain.Youcantrytogetsomehelpthen.A.Itwillcauseyounottobeabletothinkclearly.B.Checkthetime.C.Eventually,someoneshouldhearyouandgethelp.D.Herearesometipstohelpyousurvive.E.However,itisstillavitalthingtoknowhowtosurviveifiteverhappenstoyou.F.Useyourwatch.G.Ifyoudohavereception,callemergencyservices.第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I’mTherese,abusinessmanagerlivinginBerlin,Germany.Lastmonth,I    21  toreadover100nonfictionbooksinpsyshology,politics,andleadership.Itmightsound   22   ,butIreallydid.Itstartedwitha    23  . Acolleague   24  metoreadMallcolmGladwell’sTheStoryofSuccessintwo   25   .DeterminedasIwas,Ijustcouldn't   26   thedeadline.I    27    thefirstfewchaptersquicklybutfounditimpossibletofinishallin2hours.SoI  28   thebet,butitgavemeanidea:Ineededtofindabetterwayto  consume nonfictionbooks.IfinallyregisteredtheBlinkistapp,whichisreally   29    formetoreadquickly.Blinkistisoneoftheappsthattransformbooksinto“bite-sized”   30   .I’velearnedthatinordertoproduceproperinsightsfromeverybook,over100literaryexperts    31     themselvestowork.Ialsolovethattheapphasanaudio    32    allowingmetolistentogreatideas.SoIsetafresh 33    withthiscoolapp—toreadthekeyinsightsfrom100booksinonemonth.HowdidIdo? Iread102titlesexactly.I usedto    34    muchtimeonsocialmedia.Moreover,myjobisexhausting,sobythetimeIleavework,mybrainisprettyuseless.   35   ,nreadingabookontheBlinkistappislikeasnackformy  36   . I’mhappythatI’mdoingsomething   37   withmytime.Everyday,Iwakeup   38    thanthedaybefore.Ifyouwanttogetwisertoo,thenIchallengeyoutotryand    39    my102-titlerecord!    40    theBlinkistappandstartyourreadingadventure!21.A.arranged    B.intended  C.remembered    D.managed 22.A.crazy   B.reasonable    C.boring   D.interesting 23.A.promise Bbet     C.decision    D.joke24.A.encouraged   B.challenged   C.allowed    D.persuaded25.A.weeks    B.months    C.days    D.hours26.A.miss   B.grasp    C.meet    D.catch27.A.heldback   B.searchedfor   C.gotthrough   D.thoughtabout 28.A.won    B.lost C.wrote    D.purchased29.A.useful   B.precious    C.simple    D.ordinary30.A.concept    B.advice    C.memory  D.content 31.A.apply  B.addict      C.help    D.accustom32.A.button   B.function   C.signal    D.picture33.A.password   B.record    C.goal  D.date  n34.A.save    B.spare   C.abandon    D.waste35.A.Meanwhile    B.Therefore    C.However   D.Indeed36.A.heart    B.body    C. stomach D.brain 37.A.casual   B.worthless    C.productive   D.severe38.A.happier   B.wiser  C.worse    D.busier  39.A.beat B.set     C.keep     D.equal40.A.Lookinto    B.Signup   C.Turndown    D.Waitfor 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Scientistsfoundthatairpollutionmayberesponsible41asignificantreductioninintelligence.TheresearchconductedbytheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)inChina42(show)thatairpollutionledtobigfallsintest43(score)forlanguagesandarithmetic.Thestudyiscalled“Theimpactofexposuretoairpollutiononcognitive(认知的）performance”.ItwaspublishedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesjournal.Thestudytookplaceoverfouryears.Researchersanalyzedspeakingandarithmeticteststakenby20000peopleofallages.Theysaid，“Pollutedairmaypreventcognitiveability44peoplebecomeolder.”Thestudyisawarningtotherestoftheworld,45(especial)tothoseincities.Over91percentoftheworldpopulationliveinareaswith46(poison)airandairpollutionisthe47(four)highestcauseofglobaldeaths.Researchersdiscoveredthat48longerpeoplewereexposedtopollutedair，thegreatertheirintelligencewentdown.Theysaidairpollutioncausedayear’sworthoflosteducation.Forthose49wereover60yearsold，thiscouldbeseveralyears.nAresearcherwarned，“Thereisnoshortcut50(solve)thisissue.Governmentsreallyneedtotakeeffectivemeasurestoreduceairpollution.”第三部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。DearNancy,IthasbeenamonthsinceyoubegintoteachusoralEnglish.Thankyouverymuchforyourexcellentteach.InordertopracticeyourEnglish,wearegoingtohaveaEnglishSingingContestnextFriday.Itisgoingtobeholdinourclassroomandwilllasttwohours.ThestudentsaregoingtosingsomeEnglishsong.Youarewelcometoattendthecontestandactoneofthejudges.Youareamusiclover,thatisanadvantage.YoucangiveususefuladviceonEnglishpronunciation,butwealsoexpectyoutosingasongthen.   Ifyoucancome,pleaseletmetoknow.   Thanksalot.ours,Danie第二节书面表达（满分25分）假如你是李华，你的美国网友Peter参加中国象棋网络挑战赛获得了一等奖。请根据以下提示写一封英文电子邮件向他表示祝贺。1.祝贺他获奖；2.肯定他付出的努力；n3.询问何时方便，在网上切磋棋艺。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。中国象棋网络挑战赛：ChineseChessNetworkChallengen兰州一中2018—2019学年度高三年级5月月考答案英语阅读理解（共两小节，满分40分1——3CAC4——7DCBA8——11ACBD12——15CCDA16——20EAGCB完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）21-25DABBD26-30CCBAD31-35ABCDC36-40DCBAB语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）41.for42.showed43.scores44.as/when45.especially46.poisonous47.fourth48.the49.who50.tosolve短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）第一处:begin→began第二处:teach→teaching第三处:your→our第四处:a→an第五处:hold→held第六处:song→songs第七处:在act后加as第八处:that→which第九处:but→and第十处:删除to书面表达（满分25分）DearPeter，IamwritingtooffermysincerecongratulationstoyouonyourwinningthefirstprizeintheChineseChessNetworkChallenge．Asyourfriend，IjustwantyoutoknowhowgladIamatyoursuccess．"Everythingcomestohimwhowaits．"Fortheseyears，you'veshowngreatinterestinChinesechessandkeptonpracticingiteveryday．NotonlyhaveyoureadmanybooksaboutChinesechessstrategy，butalsoyouhavecompetedinallkindsofChinesenchesscontest．Finally，yousucceededinwinningtheonlinecompetition!SoI'msohappythatyoubecomechampionofthisnetworkchallenge．Atlast，IhopetoplayChinesechesswithyousothatwecanmakeprogresstogether．Pleasetellmewhenyouhavetime．Congratulationsagain．Yours，LiHua．