（全国版）高考英语unit2growingpains学案（含解析）牛津译林版必修1 24页

Unit2Growingpains(一)课前自主学习Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意1．actn．　　　　　　　　(戏剧的)一幕2．curtainn.窗帘；(舞台上的)幕布3．soccern.〈美〉英式足球，足球4．garbagen．[纵联1]〈美〉(生活)垃圾5．faultn.过错，错误6．anyhowadv.反正；尽管如此7．sighvi.叹气8．cafen.咖啡馆，小餐馆9．distantadj.不友好的，冷淡的，疏远的；遥远的10．adolescencen.青春期11．guidancen.指导，引导Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形1．bendvi.弯腰，屈身vt.(使)弯曲2．balancevt.&vi.&n.平衡；抵消3．scenen.(戏剧的)一场；场面；景色4．upsetadj.不高兴的，失望的vt.使不高兴，使失望5．deservevt.[纵联2]值得；应得；应受6．emergencyn.突发事件；紧急情况7．lastvi.持久vt.持续，维持(一段时间)8．handlevt.处理；应付9．insistvi.坚持，坚持认为10．teenagern．[纵联3](13－19岁的)青少年11．patiencen.耐心12．selfishadj.[纵联4]自私的13．forbidvt.禁止n14．misunderstandvt.误解15．normaln．&adj.正常(的)，一般(的)16．physicaladj.身体的；物质的17．tendvi.往往；趋向vt.照看18．challengen．&vt.挑战Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变1．frightenedadj.受惊的；害怕的→frighteningadj.令人恐惧的，令人害怕的→frightenvt.使惊吓，使害怕2．starvevi.挨饿；饿死vt.使挨饿→starvationn．饿死→starvingadj.挨饿的3．toleratevt.容忍；允许→tolerancen．容忍；允许→tolerantadj.宽容的，容忍的4．behaviorn．行为，举止→behavev．表现；检点5．defendvt.辩解，辩白；防御，保护→defence/defensen．防御；答辩；防护→defensiveadj.防卫的，防御的；辩护的6．argumentn．争吵，辩论；论点，论据→arguevt.争吵，争论；论证，争辩7．harmvt.&n．伤害→harmfuladj.有害的→harmlessadj.无害的8．confusedadj.困惑的，不解的→confusingadj.令人困惑的→confusevt.使困惑，把……弄糊涂；混淆→confusionn．困惑，糊涂；混淆9．limitn．限制；极限；界限vt.限制→limitedadj.有限的10.rudeadj.粗鲁的，无礼的→rudelyadv.粗鲁地，无礼地→rudenessn．粗鲁11．explanationn．解释，说明→explainvt.&vi.讲解，解释纵联1.晒晒“垃圾”朋友圈①垃圾：garbage,rubbish,trash,litter②垃圾桶：trashcan,garbagecan,garbagebin③垃圾箱：dustbin④倒垃圾：litter,takeoutthetrash,throwtherubbishaway纵联2.“词中词”法帮你记　①ant→distant遥远的　　②star→starve挨饿③have→behave表现④arm→harm伤害⑤plain→explain解释⑥serve→deserve值得⑦end→tend趋向n纵联3.“青少年”集中营①teenager青少年②youth青少年，青年③adolescent青少年④theyoung年轻人⑤youngster少年⑥junior年少者；晚辈纵联4.“n.＋ish”集合　①selfish自私的②foolish傻的，愚蠢的③childish孩子气的④bookish喜欢书的⑤girlish少女的⑥boyish男孩似的单元话题——成长的烦恼子话题1　悲伤与低落①sorrown.悲伤，悲痛②blueadj.悲伤的；沮丧的③downadj.心情低落的④depressedadj.压抑的，情绪低落的子话题2　忧虑与烦恼①anxietyn.担忧，焦虑②boredadj.厌倦的，烦闷的子话题3　害怕与恐惧①scarevt.使害怕，使恐惧②alarmedadj.担心的，害怕的③terrifiedadj.感到害怕的④frightensb.intodoingsth.恐吓某人做某事子话题4　遗憾与惭愧①shamen.遗憾的事；羞愧②disappointmentn.失望；沮丧③ashamedadj.惭愧的；害臊的子话题5　抱怨与冲突①barriern.屏障，障碍②frictionn.摩擦③prejudicen.偏见，成见④tensionn.紧张局势⑤complainvt.&vi.抱怨n⑥embarrassvt.使尴尬⑦condemnvt.谴责，指责；宣判[学考对接·活学活用]高考采撷(一)　阅读中的词汇应用1．(2018·浙江高考阅读B)StevenSteinlikestofollowgarbagetrucks.Hisstrangehabitmakessense❶whenyouconsiderthathe'sanenvironmentalscientistwhostudieshowtoreducelitter,includingthingsthatfalloffgarbagetrucksastheydrivedowntheroad.WhatisevenmoreinterestingisthatoneofStein'sjobsisdefending❷anindustrybehindtheplasticshoppingbag...Thebagsareprohibited❸insome90citiesinCalifornia,includingLosAngeles.①makesense在此处意为：有意义，讲得通，后不跟宾语；makesenseof表示“弄懂，理解”，后接宾语。②选择加黑词在句中的意思：__C__A．保卫　　　B．防守　　　　C．辩护③写出加黑词在本单元的同义词：forbid，它的同义词还有ban,_prevent等。2．(2012·北京高考阅读D)Thisisatopicthatcallsfornotonlyfreeexpressionoffeelings,butalsotheguidanceofreason❶.Whatpositionwildernessshouldenjoyinthepreservation❷oftheworldobviouslydeserves❸muchmoreseriousthinking.①翻译加黑词块：不仅是情感的自由表达，也是理性的指引②写出加黑词在本单元的近义词：defence/defense③写出加黑词在此处的汉语意思：值得，应得，deservedoing＝deservetobedone，动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。高考采撷(二)　写作中的词汇应用(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)这部英文短片《一起成长》将持续一个半小时，很值得一看。(last,deserve)TheshortEnglishfilmwhosenameisGrowingTogetherwilllastforanhourandahalfanditdeserveswellseeing.2．(2018·浙江高考书面表达)我坚持练习英语口语，平时我经常用英语在网上和外国人聊天。(tend,chat)I_keep_on_practising_my_spoken_English_and_I_tend_to_chat_with_foreigners_in_English_on_the_Internet.n(二)课堂重点释疑1．toleratevt.容忍；允许[记牢](1)容忍/忍受(某人)做某事(2)tolerancen.容忍；允许tolerableadj.可忍受的tolerantadj.宽容的，容忍的betolerantof/towards对……宽容(3)putupwith(＝tolerate)忍受，容忍[练通]　单句语法填空/完成句子①Anexcellentteacherwon'ttolerate/stand/bearcheating(cheat)intheexaminations.②Thepainwasseverebutit'stolerable(tolerate)．③Tolerance(tolerate)consistsinrespectingtheopinionsofothers.④Asagoodleader,shewasalwaystolerantof/towardsdifferentviews.⑤Shewon'ttolerate/bear/stand_her_son_making_the_same_mistakesinthephysicstestnexttime.她不会容忍她儿子下次在物理考试中犯同样的错误。[写美]⑥(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)中国的父母不容许他们的孩子在就餐时用筷子敲碗。Chinese_parents_won't_tolerate_their_children_knocking_bowls_with_chopsticks_when_having_dinner.2．scenen．(戏剧的)一场；现场；场面；景色[辨清]　写出下列句中scene的含义①Thedoctorwasonthesceneveryquicklyaftertheaccident.现场②Seeingtheterriblescene,allofuswerefrightened.场面③ThephotostakenbyHurleyshowedsomeunderseascenes.景色④Theyplayeditsowell,withtearsintheireyes,thatthesceneseemedreal._(戏剧的)一场[记牢]onthescene　　　　　　　在现场behindthescenes在后台，在幕后；暗中comeonthescene登场n[练通]　完成小语境⑤Thedirector,whohadbeenbehind_the_scenes,_announcedon_the_sceneattheawardspartythatthebestactressofthefilmwasabouttocome_on_the_scene.一直在幕后指挥的导演在颁奖晚会现场宣布，这部影片的最佳女主角即将登场。[用准]　scene作“场面；场景；现场”讲，后接定语从句，且关系词在从句中作状语时，一般用副词where或inwhich来引导。[写美]⑥(2017·北京高考书面表达)泰山之旅将会带给你一些最令人兴奋的场景，比如看日出。The_Mount_Tai_Tour_will_bring_you_some_of_the_most_exciting_scenes_such_as_watching_the_sunrise.3．upset(upset，upset)adj.不高兴的，失望的vt.使不高兴，使失望；打翻[辨清]　写出下列句中upset的词性和含义①Bothupsetandannoyed,Idecidedtowalkonfeet.adj.不高兴的，失望的，心烦的②Thenewcomer'srudenessupsetseveryoneatpresent.vt.使心烦意乱，使不高兴，使失望③Hestoodupsuddenly,upsettingacupofcoffeeonmyshirt.vt.弄翻，打翻[记牢](1)beupsetabout/over/atsth.为某事烦心/难过beupsettodosth.对做某事感到不安/难过(2)Itupsetssb.todosth./that...让某人心烦的是……[练通]　单句语法填空④Shewasupsetto_know(know)thatherapplicationforthepositionwasrefused.⑤Inmyopinion,thereisnopointbeingupsetabout/at/overit.⑥Itupsethimthatnobodyhadbotheredtotellhimaboutthechangeofthemeeting.[写美]⑦(2016·天津高考书面表达)虽然和你说再见我很难过，但我真诚地希望你能在不久的将来再次访问我们的学校。Though_I_feel_upset_to_say_goodbye_to_you,_I_sincerely_hope_that_you_will_be_able_to_visit_our_school_again_in_the_near_future.4．defendvt.辩解，辩白；防御，保护n[记牢](1)defend...from/against...　保护……使不受……，为……辩护defendoneself自卫(2)defence/defensen.防御；防护；答辩indefence(of...)(为……)辩护；防卫insb.'s/sth.'sdefence为某人/某事辩护；在某人/某物的防备下[练通]单句语法填空①Whenthedogattackedme,Idefendedmyself(I)withastick.②Mytutortoldmethedefence(defend)formyarticlemustbehandedininsevendays.单句改错③Allthepeoplewerefightingagainsttheearthquakeindefencefortheirownhomes.for→of④Theprisonerlookedathiswifeandsatsilent,offeringnothingtohisowndefence.to→in[写美]　一句多译(2015·江苏高考书面表达)应该训练孩子保护自己免遭某些交通事故的侵害。⑤Children_should_be_trained_to_defend_themselves_against_some_traffic_accidents.(defend)⑥Children_should_be_trained_in_defence_of_some_traffic_accidents.(defence)5．deservevt.值得；应得；应受[记牢]deservetodosth.　　　　　应该做某事；值得做某事deservedoing/tobedone(某事)值得被做，应该被做deserveconsideration/attention　值得考虑/注意[练通]　完成句子①Youareagoodhumanbeingandyou_deserve_to_be_treated/treatingassuch.你是一个好人，你应该受到这样的对待。②It'struethatshemadeamistakebutshe_doesn't_deserve_to_lose_her_job.她的确犯了错，但她不应该失去工作。③Withmanywildanimalsgraduallydyingout,the_present_situation_deserves_nattention/paying_attention_to.由于许多野生动物逐渐灭绝，目前形势值得注意。[用准]　“deservedoing”结构是主动形式表示被动含义，它相当于deservetobedone。与deserve用法类似的词还有：need,want,require,demand(需要)。[写美]④(2017·北京高考书面表达)我认为任何好的建议都值得考虑。I_think_any_good_suggestion_deserves_consideration/considering/to_be_considered.6．insistvi.坚持，坚持认为；坚决要求[记牢]insiston/upon(doing)sth.坚持(做)某事insistthat[练通]　完成句子①Theonlywonderisthatsomanystatesinsist_on_closingtheirearstothemessage.唯一奇怪的是，如此多的国家坚持对这一消息置若罔闻。②Heinsistedthathe_hadn't_stolenthemoney.他坚持说他没有偷那笔钱。③Healsoinsistedthatthey_(should)_leaveenoughspaceforchildren.他还坚决要求他们应该为孩子们留有足够的空间。[写美]④(2017·天津高考书面表达)老师坚持主张要充分利用每一分钟来做好这项工作。The_teacher_insisted_that_every_minute_(should)_be_made_full_use_of_to_do_the_work_well.[联想]　后接宾语从句时，从句用虚拟语气的常见动词有：一坚持(insist)，二命令(order,command)，三建议(advise,suggest,propose)，四要求(demand,require,request,ask)。7．harmvt.&n．伤害[记牢](1)　　　　　　对……有害thereisnoharmindoingsth.做某事没有害处(2)harmfuladj.有害的harmlessadj.无害的[练通]n单句语法填空①Unrealistictopdownenvironmentalpoliciescanonlydoharmtotheenvironment.②Foodsareproperlycookedwhentheyareheatedtokilltheharmful(harm)bacteriathatcausefoodborneillnesses.③There'snogreatharmindrinkingalittlebeertorelievetirednessafterhardwork.④Youneedn'tworryandthisexperimentwasharmless(harm)totheanimals.句型转换Jennyseemsanxiousanddoesn'twanttoharmhermother.⑤Jennyseemsanxiousanddoesn'twanttodohermotherharm.⑥Jennyseemsanxiousanddoesn'twanttodoharmtohermother.⑦Jennyseemsanxiousanddoesn'twanttobeharmfultohermother.[写美]⑧(2013·安徽高考书面表达)这些日子，违反交通规则和乱扔垃圾的现象很常见，对生活和环境造成了严重的破坏。These_days,_breaking_traffic_rules_and_littering_are_not_uncommon,_causing/doing_serious_harm_to_life_and_the_environment.8．forbidvt.(forbade/forbad,forbidden)禁止，不准[记牢]forbiddoingsth.　　　　　　禁止做某事forbidsb.todosth.＝forbidsb.fromdoingsth.禁止某人做某事[练通]单句语法填空①IftheGamestakeplaceinCanada,Americantelevisionnetworkswill_be_forbidden(forbid)tobroadcastlivesportingevents.②Ithinkthemiddleschoolstudentsshouldbeforbiddento_use(use)smartphonesatschool.③Ithinkitnecessarytoforbidshopsandsupermarketsfromofferingfreeplasticshoppingbags.④Itishightimethatweforbadesetting(set)offfireworksinurbanareas.句型转换n⑤Forhisstudy,hisfatherforbadehim/hischattingwithWeChat.→Forhisstudy,hisfatherforbadehimtochat/fromchattingwithWeChat.[用准]　forbid后不能直接跟动词不定式作宾语，但可直接跟动名词作宾语，也可用forbidsb.todosth.形式，有类似用法的单词还有：allow,permit,advise等。[写美]⑥(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)看短片期间，所有人都禁止大声说话，应仔细观看。During_the_film,_all_of_you_are_forbidden_to_talk_loudly，but_should_watch_it_carefully.9．tendvi.往往；趋向vt.照看[记牢](1)tendtodosth.　　　　　　　易于/往往会做某事tendsb./sth.照看某人/某物(2)tendencyn.倾向，趋势haveatendencytodosth.有做某事的倾向[练通]　单句语法填空①Ifyouarenotcareful,childrentendto_neglect(neglect)theirhomework.②(2017·浙江高考)LastOctober,whiletending(tend)hergardeninMora,Sweden,LenaPahlssonpulledoutahandfulofsmallcarrotsandwasabouttothrowthemaway.③Thepricesofvegetablesarereportedtohaveatendency(tend)toincreaseinsomecities.[写美]　一句多译(2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)如果你不提前简单了解唐朝的历史，你往往会发现很难学会唐诗。④If_you_do_not_understand_the_history_of_the_Tang_Dynasty_in_advance,_you_will_tend_to_find_it_difficult_to_learn_Tang_poetry.(tend)⑤If_you_do_not_understand_the_history_of_the_Tang_Dynasty_in_advance,_you_will_have_a_tendency_to_find_it_difficult_to_learn_Tang_poetry.(tendency)10．limitn．[C]限制；极限；界限vt.限制[记牢](1)limit...to...　　　　　　把……限制在……内belimitedto...受限制于……(2)beyondthelimit超过限度nsetalimitto限制……(3)limitedadj.有限的limitlessadj.无限制的[练通]介词填空①Tosavetheexpense,thenumberofdailyguestsislimitedtolessthan100.②Wemustsetalimittotheexpenseofthetrip.③Inordertoearnmyliving,Ihavealwayshadtoworkbeyondthelimitofmystrength.完成小语境④Aman'slifeislimited,_butthereisnolimittoservingthepeople.Iwilldevotemylimitedlifetothelimitlessjobofservingthepeople.一个人的生命是有限的，但是，为人民服务是无限的。我要把有限的生命，投入到无限的为人民服务中去。[写美]⑤(2015·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)文章的长度应限制在四百词左右。The_length_of_the_article_should_be_limited_to_400_words_or_so.11．balancevt.&vi.&n．平衡；抵消[记牢](1)keep/lose/breakone'sbalance　保持/失去/打破平衡(2)balance...against...权衡……与……(3)balancedadj.保持平衡的keepabalanceddiet保持饮食均衡[练通]　单句语法填空①Thelittlegirlstruggledtokeepherbalanceonthebalancebeam.②You'dbetterkeepabalanced(balance)dietforthebenefitofyourhealth.③Youhavetobalancetheadvantagesoflivinginthecountrysideagainstthedisadvantages.[写美]④(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)做运动能够平衡我们的身体，改善身体的灵活性。Doing_exercise_can_balance_our_body_and_improve_our_physical_flexibility.[词汇过关综合训练]nⅠ.单词拼写1．Witheachpassingyear,thecostofgettingadegreeisontherise.Asaresult,manystudentstend(趋向)tograduatefromcollegewithasignificantamountofdebt.2．Ifstudentsrelyonadministratorstoregulatetheirsocialbehavior(行为)andthinkingpattern,theyarenotfacingthechallengeoffindinganidentitywithinalargerandcomplexcommunity.3．ThelittleTomshouldgetachanceatanormal(正常的),happyfutureandheisstrugglingtomakethathappen.4．Becausesleepinessissuchaproblemforteenagers(青少年),someschooldistrictshavedecidedtostarthighschoolclasseslaterthantheyusedto.5．Whathemaybesayingisthathedoesn'tthinkyoudeserve(应得)yourluck.6．AsearlyasSpringandAutumnPeriod,eachprincipalityinChinaconstructeditsown“greatwall”invariousplacestodefend(保卫)itselffromenemies.7．Manypeoplehavecometorealizethattheyshouldgoonabalanced(平衡的)dietandmakeroomintheirdayforexercise.8．ThisattractivetourtakesyoutosomeofSanFrancis'smostcheerfulholidayscenes(景色)．9．Themostimportantthingtokeepinmindwhendealingwitha(n)emergency(紧急情况)istostaycalm.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Ifyouinsistondoingsomething,doiteverydayandyoucanmakeit.2．Ithinktheexplanation(explain)abouttheproblemisn'tconvincing,soitneedsimproving.3．Teenagersgotosleeplatebecausetheytendto_do(do)thingsthatexcitethem.4．Theboycouldn'ttolerateotherpeople'smaking(make)noiseintheroom,sohewentout.5．Whenthedoorwasopenedsuddenly,theboycoveredhisheadwithhishands,asifindefence.6．Whatisknowntousisthatdrinkingtoomuchdoesharmtoyourhealth.7．AscenewhereshemeetsJoe'sgirlfriendmightbethefunniestthingyouseeallyear.n8．Youmakeitverydifficultformetospeaktoyouifyouchoosetomisunderstand(understand)me.9．Itwassosmallandnarrowthatwehadtobecarefultokeepourbalance.Ⅲ.单句改错1．Wearelivinginthetimeofgarbages,butGermanartistHASchultisanunusualartistwhousestrash(废物)tomakesculptures.garbages→garbage2．Weshouldtakemeasurestoforbidtoreturnillegalcookingoiltodinnertables.to_return→returning3．Hischildren'sbooksareclassicsthatdeserveknowbymorepeople.know→knowing4．It'sharmfulforyourhealthtodrinktoomuch.for→to5．MymotherencouragedmeandinsistedthatIcontinuedmyeducation.continued→continue6．Ibelieveteachingshouldnotbelimitedontheclassroom.on→toⅣ.句型转换1．It'sforbiddenforustoplayfootballinthestreet.①Weareforbiddentoplayfootballinthestreet.②Weareforbiddenfromplayingfootballinthestreet.2．Iinsistonyourtakingactionimmediately.→Iinsistthatyoushouldtakeactionimmediately.3．Shewasupsetthathehadleftwithoutsayinggoodbye.→Itupsetherthathehadleftwithoutsayinggoodbye.4．Eatingtoomuchfatandsaltdoesharmtohealth.→Eatingtoomuchfatandsaltisharmfultohealth.(一)课前自主学习1．be_supposed_to　　　　　　　应该……，应当……2．be_hard_on对……苛刻，对……严厉3．now_that既然；由于4．stay_up[串记1]不睡觉，熬夜5．mix_up[串记1]混淆，弄乱；搅匀，拌和n6．as_if[串记2]好像，似乎7．can't_wait_to_do_something迫不及待地做某事8．insist_on[串记3]坚持，坚持认为9．at_present现在10．along_with与……一起11．turn_up[串记1]调高(音量)；出现12．go_through经历；仔细检查或寻找13．keep_up_with赶上，跟上14．depend_on依赖，依靠15．take_in吸收；欺骗[同根短语串记]串记1.up短语全接触①turnup调高(音量)；出现②stayup不睡觉，熬夜③pickup捡起；学会④bringup抚养；教养⑤dressup穿上盛装；打扮⑥clearup澄清；放晴⑦makeup虚构；弥补；组成；化妆；整理⑧mixup混淆；搅匀串记2.as短语一扫光　①asif/though好像②asto/for关于，至于③asusual照例，照常④asfollows如下⑤asaresult结果⑥asarule通常⑦asawhole总的来说⑧asamatteroffact事实上串记3.“v.＋on”短语大集合①dependon依赖，依靠②insiston坚持③keepon继续④carryon继续；进行⑤turn/switchon打开⑥counton依靠1．adayearlierthanexpected比预期的时间提前一天2．inamess一团糟3．makegooddecisions做出好的决定4．feelthisway有同感5．acommonpartofadolescence青春期的正常组成部分n6．psychologicalchanges心理上的变化7．inthisregard在这方面8．fitinsociety适应社会1．Theroomisinamess,with_pizza_boxes_on_the_floor_and_dirty_dishes_in_the_sink.房间一片狼藉，地上是比萨饼盒子，水槽里是脏兮兮的盘子。2．Listentome,youngman—weleft_you_in_charge!听我说，年轻人——我们将这个家委托给你负责！3．Danielhas_his_arms_crossedandlooksupset.丹尼尔双臂交叉抱在胸前，看上去很不高兴。4．Sometimesheactsas_if_he_doesn't_love_us_at_all.有时他表现得好像他根本就不爱我们。5．Also,_every_timeIwatchaDVDhesendsmetobedortellsmetospendmoretimestudying.还有，每次我看DVD，他要么催着我上床睡觉，要么就是教导我要多花些时间学习。[学考对接·活学活用]高考采撷(一)　阅读中的词块和句式1．(2010·辽宁高考阅读A)Thechangewashardlynoticedatfirst,butitseemedasifthecropswerenotdoingsowell(但是看上去好像庄稼长得不怎么好)．Moreworryingwasthatthechildrenfellillmoreoften,and,thereseemedtobemoreinsectsaroundlately.(把黑体部分译成汉语)2．(2010·全国卷Ⅰ完形)Thenursehadhim①take(take)aseatinthewaitingarea,tellinghimitwouldbeatleast40minutes②beforesomeonewouldbeabletoseehim.Isawhim③looking(look)athiswatchanddecided,sinceIwasnotbusy—mypatientdidn'tturn④upattheappointedhour,Iwouldexaminehiswound.Whiletakingcare⑤ofhiswound,Iaskedhimifhehadanotherdoctor'sappointment.(根据提示完成小片段)高考采撷(二)　写作中的短语和句式(根据提示翻译句子)1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)首先，根据我们的传统，每次你去拜访一个家庭，你都应该带一些礼物，比如一篮水果或一盒巧克力。(everytime,besupposedto)nTo_begin_with,_according_to_our_tradition,_every_time_you_visit_a_family,_you_are_supposed_to_bring_some_gifts,_such_as_a_basket_of_fruit_or_a_box_of_chocolates.2．(2018·北京高考书面表达)最后，我们手里拿着茶杯或茶叶拍了一张合影，来记录这一难忘的经历。(with复合结构)In_the_end,_we_took_a_group_photo,_with_cups_or_tea_in_our_hands,_to_record_this_unforgettable_experience.(二)课堂重点释疑[短语集释]1．besupposedto应该……，应当……[记牢](1)besupposedtodo...　　应该做某事besupposedtohavedone＝shouldhavedone＝oughttohavedone本应该做某事(实际未做)besupposedtobe...被认为是……(2)suppose/supposing(that)假定/假如……[练通]单句语法填空①Studentsare_supposed(suppose)toobeytherulesatschool.②Youarelateagain.Youaresupposedto_have_arrived(arrive)herefiveminutesearlier.一句多译你本应该昨天就把作业交上的。③Youwere_supposed_to_have_handed_inyourhomeworkyesterday.(besupposedto)④Youshould_have_handed_inyourhomeworkyesterday.(should)⑤Youought_to_have_handed_inyourhomeworkyesterday.(oughtto)[写美]⑥(2013·天津高考书面表达)我多次参加过类似的活动。因此，我应该能胜任这个职位。I_have_participated_in_similar_activities_several_times.Consequently,_I_am_supposed_to_be_qualified_for_the_position.2．alongwith与……一起；除了……以外(还)[记牢](1)alongwith,togetherwith,with,aswellas连接两个主语时，其谓语动词与它前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。n(2)and连接两个主语，其谓语动词用复数形式。[练通]　单句语法填空①Alongwithstudyingatschool,studentsshouldparticipateinmoreoutofschoolactivities.②ProfessorSmith,aswellashisassistants,is(be)workingontheprojectdayandnighttomeetthedeadline.③Nowadays,cycling,alongwithjoggingandswimming,is_regarded(regard)asoneofthebestallroundformsofexercise.[写美]④(2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)李白与其他著名诗人一起，在唐代创作了许多杰出的作品。Li_Bai,_along_with_other_famous_poets,_created_lots_of_extraordinary_works_in_Tang_Dynasty.[句式集释]1．havesth.done结构[教材原句]　Danielhas_his_arms_crossedandlooksupset.[悟拓展例句](1)Idon'tliketowashclothes,soIalwayshave_my_clothes_washed.我不喜欢洗衣服，所以我总是让别人给我洗衣服。(2)Oncehemakesuphismind,nothingcanhave_him_change/get_him_to_change_it.一旦他下定决心，就没有什么能让他改变。(3)Thebosshad_the_workers_workingdayandnight.老板让工人们夜以继日地干活。(4)Hecould_not_have_her_getting_away_withtellingpeoplelies!他可不能让她哄骗人们却不受惩罚！[析用法规则]用法归纳(1)havesth.done结构表示让某人做某事/让某事(被别人)做，相当于getsth.done(2)havesb.dosth.＝getsb.todosth.让某人做某事(3)havesb./sth.doing使某人/某物持续地做某事(4)can't/won'thavesb.doingsth.不能容忍/允许某人做某事注意事项(1)havesth.done还可表示主语遭遇到某种不幸/蒙受损失；(2)havesth.todo表示“有某事要做”，此处不定式作后置定语。[背写作佳句]n(1)(2018·北京高考满分作文)AsforChineseculture,PekingUniversitywillhaveyouachievemoreinyourfield.(要点句)(2)(2016·全国卷Ⅰ写作佳句)I'mwritingtoaskyoutohavemyresumerevised.(要点句)2．asif引导方式状语从句[教材原句]　Sometimesheactsas_ifhedoesn'tloveusatall.[悟拓展例句](1)Itseemsas_if/thoughthenoisecomesfromdownstairs.噪音似乎是从楼下传来的。(2)Sheworkshardasifshe_never_knewfatigue.她努力工作，仿佛从不知疲倦似的。(3)Localresidentssaiditwasasifthere_had_beenanuclearexplosion.当地居民说就好像发生了核爆炸一样。[析用法规则]用法归纳(1)asif(＝asthough)引导表语从句或方式状语从句(2)asif/though后既可跟陈述语气，又可跟虚拟语气。虚拟语气有三种形式：did(现在),haddone(过去),would/might/could＋do(将来)注意事项如果asif从句中的主语和主句的主语相同，且含有be动词，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，这样就出现“asif＋名词/不定式/形容词(短语)/介词短语/分词”结构。[背写作佳句](1)(2018·北京高考满分作文)ItseemsasifyouarereallyenthusiasticaboutChineseculture.(开头句)(2)(2015·全国卷Ⅱ写作佳句)Wewilltreattheoldpeoplethereasiftheywereourownrelatives.(要点句)3．everytime引导时间状语从句[教材原句]　Also,every_timeIwatchaDVDhesendsmetobedortellsmetospendmoretimestudying.[悟拓展例句](1)Youarewelcometocomebackany_timeyouwantto.你什么时候想回来，我们都欢迎。(2)The_moment/minute/instant/secondLangsteppedintothestadium,nobodyncouldstayseated.郎(平)一踏进体育场，所有的人都站了起来。(3)The_dayIlefthere,theyallcametoseemeoff.我离开这里的那一天，他们都来给我送行。[析用法规则]用法归纳everytime引导时间状语从句，相当于whenever，表示“每当……”。名词词组作连词用，引导时间状语从句的还有：(1)由time构成的名词词组：eachtime,thefirst/lasttime,nexttime,anytime等。(2)the＋瞬间名词：theminute,theinstant,thesecond,themoment等。(3)the＋时间名词：theday/week/year,thespring/summer/autumn/winter等。[背写作佳句](1)(2016·全国卷Ⅱ写作佳句)Irememberyoushowedmesomephotosonthatthemeeverytimeyouvisitedourschool.(要点句)(2)(2016·浙江高考写作佳句)TomdashedouttheinstantthehelicopterlandedandhuggedJanetightly.(要点句)[词块、句式过关综合训练]Ⅰ.选词填空besupposedto,turnup,stayup,nowthat,can'twaittodosth.,behardon,asif,mixup,insiston,dependon1．Theworkerishappywiththefactthathecandepend_ontheInternettofinishtaskswithoutanydifficulty.2．—Areyougoingtohaveaholidaythisyear?—I'dloveto.Ican't_wait_toleavethisplacebehind.3．Anddowereallystillneedlibrariesnow_thatwe'vegottheInternetinourhands?4．Thecollegeyearsare_supposed_tobeatimeforimportantgrowthinautonomyandthedevelopmentofadultidentity.5．Don'tworry.I'msureyourmissingglasseswillturn_upsoonerorlater.6．Itistypicalofstudentstostay_upreadingtilllatenightbeforethefinalnexam.7．Herfatherhasalwaysbeen_hard_onher,sosheisneverlateforschool.8．Ifyoumix_uptwothingsorpeople,youconfusethem,sothatyouthinkthatoneofthemistheotherone.9．Youaresuretoachieveyourdreamsifyouinsist_onthemandtryyourbest.10．Fromtimetotime,Jasonturnedroundas_ifhewassearchingforsomeone.Ⅱ.完成句子1．Every_time_he_comes_to_visit_me,_hewillbuymesometea.每次他来拜访我，都会给我买一些茶叶。2．With_my_tenth_birthday_approaching,_Icouldn'thelpimaginingwhatkindofpresentmyparentswouldgiveme.随着我的十岁生日来临，我会忍不住想像我的父母会给我什么样的礼物。3．He_had_the_letter_typedthismorningandposteditatonce.他今天早晨把信打完了，并马上寄了出去。4．Theytreatmeas_if/though_I_were_a_stranger.他们待我如陌生人。5．It'scommonsensethateveryoneis_supposed_to_wearaseatbeltinthecar.每个人在车里都应该系安全带，这是常识。Ⅲ.分步写作假设你是李华，适逢五四青年节，你校拟邀请附近某大学的外籍教授Smith先生来校做一次主题演讲。请参照以下信息给他写一封邮件。英语讲座主题：通过努力工作实现幸福时间：5月4日下午2：30～4：30地点：学校大礼堂注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearMr.Smith，　　n　Best，LiHua第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点本文是一封邀请信，时态以一般现在时和将来时为主，人称以第一和第三人称为主。基本写作框架是：发出邀请→介绍这次讲座的主题、时间和地点→表示期待。文章的写作重心在第二步，应将讲座的关键信息(主题、时间和地点)交代清楚，不可遗漏。要点1：我是李华，写信邀请你做讲座。(invite,givealecture)I'm_Li_Hua_and_I'm_writing_to_invite_you_to_give_a_lecture.要点2：讲座的主题是“通过努力工作实现幸福”。(topic)The_topic_of_the_lecture_is_“Achieving_Happiness_Through_Hard_Work”．要点3：讲座将于5月4日下午2：30～4：30在我们学校的大礼堂举行。(hold)The_lecture_is_to_be_held_in_our_school_hall_on_May_4th_from_2：30_pm_to_4：30_pm.要点4：如果你能接受我们的邀请，我们将深感荣幸。(feelhonored,accept)We_would_feel_deeply_honored_if_you_could_accept_our_invitation.第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼对于陌生人来讲，信首直接提出邀请有些突兀，可在自我介绍后再加上“我们学校离你们大学很近”，阐明邀请方的信息。要点3，结合生活实际，5月4日是个特别的日子，“通过努力工作实现幸福”的讲座是“值得举办的”的。接着估计一下听讲座的师生人数。要点4，换个思路，用句式havesb.dosth.表达，让尾句余味无穷，表达更亮眼。拓展1：我是新华中学的李华，我们学校离你们大学很近。(which引导的非限制性定语从句)I'm_Li_Hua_from_Xinhua_Middle_School,_which_is_close_to_your_university.拓展2：我代表我们学校写信邀请你做一个主题为“通过努力工作实现幸福”的讲座。(onbehalfof,介词短语作后置定语)I'mwritingonbehalfofourschooltoinviteyoutogivealectureonthetopic“AchievingHappinessThroughHardWork”．拓展3－①：讲座将于5月4日在我们学校大礼堂举行，作为庆祝中国青年节的一个特别活动，这个讲座很值得举办。(as短语作状语，deservedoing)ThelectureistobeheldinourschoolhallonMay4thasaspecialeventtomarkChina'sYouthDay,whichreallydeservesholding.拓展3－②：它将在下午2：30开始，持续约2个小时，大约有500名学生和老师参加。(alongwith,with复合结构作状语)nIt_will_start_at_：30_pm_and_last_for_about_2_hours,_with_an_audience_of_about_500_students_along_with_teachers_alike.拓展4：如果您能让我们分享您作为一位杰出教授的鼓舞人心的经历，我们将深感荣幸。(havesb.dosth.)We_would_feel_deeply_honored_if_you_could_have_us_share_your_inspiring_experiences_as_a_distinguished_professor.第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡作为一封邀请信，可在最后添加“Iamlookingforwardtoyourreply.”结束全篇。不需要的过渡词不可刻意添加。Dear_Mr.Smith，I'm_Li_Hua_from_Xinhua_Middle_School,_which_is_close_to_your_university.I'm_writing_on_behalf_of_our_school_to_invite_you_to_give_a_lecture_on_the_topic“Achieving_Happiness_Through_Hard_Work”．The_lecture_is_to_be_held_in_our_school_hall_on_May_4th_as_a_special_event_to_mark_China's_Youth_Day，which_really_deserves_holding.It_will_start_at_2：30_pm_and_last_for_about_2_hours,_with_an_audience_of_about_500_students_along_with_teachers_alike.We_would_feel_deeply_honored_if_you_could_have_us_share_your_inspiring_experiences_as_a_distinguished_professor.I_am_looking_forward_to_your_reply.Best，Li_Hua理清文体结构之(二)　应用文之活动介绍——明活动特色，据题眼定答案活动介绍类应用文常常包括多项活动，其结构和内容基本相同，但各个活动具有明显的特色，它们正是命题的切入点。抓住这些特色就抓住了解决此类文章的灵魂，做题时再根据题眼(题干中的关键词)与这些特色进行匹配，即可快速确定答案，从而做到“速读文，快答题”。[高考典例]　2018·全国卷Ⅰ·A篇[明活动特色][读文解题技法]Washington,D．C.BicycleToursCherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D．C.1.由标题，明主题n标题两要素：地点、方式四项各具特色的活动活动1◄活动2◄活动3◄活动4◄Duration:3hoursThissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytoseetheworldfamouscherrytreeswithbeautifulflowersofWashington,D．C.Yourguidewillprovideahistorylessonaboutthetreesandthefamousmonumentswheretheyblossom.Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability—andthecherryblossoms—disappear!WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTourDuration:3hours(4miles)JoinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinWashington,D．C.ExplorethemonumentsandmemorialsontheNationalMallasyourguidesharesuniquefactsandhistoryateachstop.Guidedtourincludesbike,helmet,cookiesandbottledwater.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D．C.Duration:3hoursMorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD．C.newcomersandlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington,D．C.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.KnowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks.Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute(路线)makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTourDuration:3hours(7miles)JoinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington,D．C.GetupclosetothemonumentsandmemorialsasyoubikethesitesofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.Frequentstopsaremadeforphototakingasyourguideoffers从文章标题可看出，本文介绍了在华盛顿特区进行的自行车旅行活动。2.看分类，总体把握由下面4个副标题可知，本文分类介绍了4项活动，包括行程和活动安排。3.划出特色，为解题做铺垫在4项活动的介绍中划出具有特色的字眼，因为这往往是命题的切入点，为后面解题奠定基础。4.找出题眼，比对“特色”定答案找到题干中的题眼，然后到文中寻找读文时划出的“特色点”并与之比对，即可确定答案。nuniquefactsandhistory.Tourincludesbike,helmet,andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.[找出题眼·比对“特色”定答案]21．Whichtourdoyouneedto？A．CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D．C.B．WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.C．CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D．C.D．WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.22.Whatwillyoudoonthe？A．Meetfamouspeople.B．Gotoanationalpark.C．Visitwellknownmuseums.D．Enjoyinterestingstories.23．Whichofthefollowingdoesthebicycletourprovide?A．Citymaps.　　　　　B．Cameras.C．Meals.D．Safetylights.[答案]　21.A　22.D　23.D21．题眼活动1中划出的特色“Reserve”，根据同义释义确定答案22．题眼活动3中划出的特色“themostinterestingstories”，直接确定答案23．题眼活动4中划出的特色，直接确定答案