2018_2019学年高中英语module1deepsouth课下能力提升一外研版 4页

课下能力提升(一)阅读理解AInsummer,peoplearoundtheworldseekrestandrelaxationonabeach.Tomeettheneed,TripAdvisorpublishesalistoftheworld'sbestbeaches.BaiadoSancho,BrazilItswateriscalmandclear.Itssandisfineandsoft.ButgettingtoBaiadoSanchoisnotsoeasy.ItisonFernandodeNoronha,avolcanicislandmorethan300kilometersoffBrazil'scoast.TravelersmusttakeaplaneorboatfrommajorcitiesinnorthernBraziltogetthere.Gettingthereinvolveswalkingalongsteep,rockycliffsandthenclimbingdownaladder.GraceBay,TurksandCaicosWhileBaiadoSanchoisdifficulttogetto,TripAdvisor'ssecondrankedbeachcouldnotbemucheasierfortouriststoreach.TravelerstotheislandsoftenchoosetostayatoceanfronthotelsrightnexttoGraceBay.Thisbeachhasimpossiblycleanandclearwatersandpurewhitesand.Itscalmwatersmakeitextremelysafeforswimming.EagleBeach,ArubaTogettothethirdbestbeach,headsouthtotheDutchCaribbeanislandofAruba.EagleBeachhasclear,calmwatersandsoftwhitesand.Itoffersvisitorsachancetotrydifferentwatersports.EagleBeachmaybebestknown,however,foritsdramaticsunsets.Onclearnights,theskyturnsred,orange,andpurple.PlayaParaiso,CubaTripAdvisor'sfourthbestbeachisalsointheCaribbean.PlayaParaisoisonCayoLargo,anislandoffCuba'ssoutherncoast.Paraisohasafun,laidbackrestaurantforthosewhowishtoeatanddrink.Thereislittleelseonthebeach.Peoplecomehereforthesugarlikesandandcalmwatersfilledwithcolorfulwildlife.SiestaKey,UnitedStatesFlorida'sSiestaKeyisalowlyingisland.ThescientistknownasDr.BeachrecentlynamedSiestaKeythebestbeachinAmerica.Itofferscalmandcleanwaters.VisitorsofallagesgotoSiestaKeywhenthetideislowtofindbeautiful,largeand,sometimes,rareseashells.1．WhatdoBaiadoSanchoandGraceBayhaveincommon?A．Theyhaveoceanfronthotels.B．Theyarevolcanicislands.C．Theyarehardtoreach.D．TheyareinBrazil.解析：选C　细节理解题。根据BaiadoSancho,Brazil部分中的“Gettingthereinvolveswalkingalongsteep,rockycliffsandthenclimbingdownaladder”及GraceBay,TurksandCaicos部分的“WhileBaiadoSanchoisdifficulttogetto,TripAdvisor'ssecondrankedbeachcouldnotbemucheasierfortouriststoreach”可知选C项。2．Whichismostsuitableforsunsetwatchers?A．PlayaParaiso.　　　　　　B．EagleBeach.C．GraceBay.D．SiestaKey.解析：选B　细节理解题。根据“EagleBeach,Aruba部分中的“EagleBeachmaybebestknown,however,foritsdramaticsunsets”可知选B项。3．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?nA．Dr.BeachnamedBaiadoSanchothebestbeachintheworld.B．VisitorscanenjoydifferentsportsonParaiso'sbeach.C．VisitorscanfindrareseashellsatSiestaKey.D．CayoLargoisanislandofAruba.解析：选C　细节理解题。根据SiestaKey,UnitedStates部分中的最后一句可知选C项。BTheArcticisapolarregion.ItsurroundstheNorthPole.LikeAntarctica,theArcticisalandoficeandsnow.Antarcticaholdstherecordforalowtemperaturereading—125degreesFahrenheitbelowzero.Readingof85degreesbelowzeroiscommoninAntarctica.Wintertemperaturesaverage30degreesbelowzerointheArctic.AttheSouthPolethewinteraverageisabout73degreesbelowzero.OnethingalonemakesitalmostimpossibleformentoliveinAntarcticaandinpartsoftheArctic.Thisonethingisthelowtemperature—thekillingchilloffarNorthandthepolarSouth.Tosurvive,menmustwearthewarmestpossibleclothing.Theymustbuildwindproofshelters.Theymustkeepheatersgoingatalltimes.Notevenforamomentcantheybeunprotectedagainstthebelowzerotemperatures.Menhaveawayofprovidingforthemselves.Polarexplorerswrapthemselvesinwarmcoatsandfurs.Thecoldmakeslifedifficult.Buttheexplorerscanstayalive.Whataboutanimals？Cantheysurvive？Dowefindplants？DowefindlifeintheArcticandinAntarctica?Yes,wedo.Thereislifeintheoceans.Thereislifeonland.Antarctica,aswehaveseen,isacoldplaceindeed.Butthishasnotalwaysbeenthecase.Expedition(探险)scientistshavediscoveredthatAntarcticahasnotalwaysbeenafrozencontinent.AtonetimetheweatherinAntarcticamayhavebeenmuchlikeourown.ExplorershavediscoveredcoalinAntarctica.ThisleadsthemtobelievethatAntarcticaatonetimewasalandofswampsandforests.Heatandmoisturemusthavekeptthetreesintheforestsalive.语篇解读：文章首先介绍了南极和北极的气温，然后介绍了人类与动物在极地的情况以及科学家对南极过去环境情况的猜想。4．Thelowesttemperaturethatmanhaseverknownwasrecorded________.A．inAntarctica　　　B．intheArcticC．attheNorthPoleD．inthepolarregion解析：选A　细节理解题。由第二段第二句可知，史上最低气温是在南极地区测得的。5．Polarexplorerscanstayalivetherebecausethey________.A．stayinsidethebuildingthereB．havetheirownwaytokeepwarmC．arestrongerthanotherpeopleD．havenoheatersandwindproofshelters解析：选B　细节理解题。由第五段第二句“Polarexplorerswrapthemselvesinwarmcoatsandfurs.”可知，极地考察队员有自己的保暖方法。6．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Mancansurviveinpolarareasaslongastheycankeepwarm.B．Despitethecold,bothanimalsandplantscanbefoundinpolarareas.C．Antarcticahasnotalwaysbeensocoldasitistoday,norhastheArctic.D．Atonetime,theweatherinAntarcticawassowarmanddampthattreesgrewnthere.解析：选C　推理判断题。由倒数第二段可知，文中只提到南极曾经并不是一个寒冷的大陆，但并没有提到北极，故C项符合题意。7．What'sthemainideaofthepassage?A．TheArcticiscolderthanAntarctica.B．ThehistoryoftheArcticandAntarctica.C．ThediscoveryintheArcticandAntarctica.D．Theenvironmentalfeaturesinpolarregions.解析：选D　主旨大意题。文章首先介绍了南极和北极的气温，然后介绍了人类与动物在极地的情况以及科学家对南极过去环境情况的猜想。所以D项正确。CBiologistRobertPitmanandhiscolleaguestrackedorcas,orkillerwhales,andhumpbackwhalesoffthecoastofWesternAustralia.Toresearchfurther,thescientistsattachedatrackertoafemaleorca,whichallowedthemtousesatellitestomonitorhermovements.Theyfollowedherforsixdays.Duringthattime,theorcaattackedeightyounghumpbackwhales.Duringthesevenattacks,theorcakilledthehumpbackwhalecalf(幼兽)onthreeoccasions.Butthestorydoesn'tendthere.Humpbackwhalesthemselvesarepopularlythoughttobelargebutgenerally,passivecreatures.Pitman'sstudyfindingsmayletpeoplethinkotherwise.Whenchasedbyorcas,humpbackwhalesareknowntotrytooutswimorcas.Theyarethoughttodothisathighspeedsothattheorcascan'tkeepup.Onsomeoccasions,thehumpbackwhalessoughtoutprotection.Theyswamtoshallowwater,nearbyreefs,orevenundertheresearchers'boats.Thesewaysoftenreducedtheattack.Butatothertimes,thehumpbackwhalesdecidedtostayandfight.Astheorcasapproached,themotherhumpbackwouldsometimesmovehercalftoherside,orliftitoutofthewaterusingherheadorflippers.Shealsoblewhugebreathsofairtodisturbtheorcas,andlungedorchargedatthem,slashing(劈)andslappinghertailandflippers.Perhapsmostsurprisingly,humpbackwhalesalsohaveadult“escorts(护卫队)”thattrytoprotectcalvesthatarenottheirown,joiningthemotherindefendingthesmallerwhale.Theseescortwhaleseitherchargedattheorcas,orplacedthemselvesbetweentheattackersandcalves,slashingtheirtailsandflippers.Despitetheeffortsofthemotherwhalesandescorts,theorcasweremoreoftenthannotsuccessfulintheirattacks.Butthepresenceoftheescortsdidreducehowmanytimesawhalecalfwaskilled.语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章主要讲的是科学家使用科学仪器来观察杀人鲸是如何追杀驼背鲸及后者是如何反击和保护幼小的驼背鲸的。8．What'sthepurposeofthescientists'furtherresearch?A．Tokeeparecordofwhales'livinghabits.B．Toobserveorcas'huntinghumpbackwhales.C．Toseewhatlifeordeathbattleswhalesmayface.D．Tofindoutthetechniquesorcasusewhenhunting.解析：选B　细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Toresearchfurther...theorcaattackedeightyounghumpbackwhales”可知，科学家进行进一步研究的目的是观察杀人鲸追杀驼背鲸的活动。故选B。9．Whydidthehumpbackwhalesswimtoshallowwater?A．Toavoidbeingattacked.B．Tohuntforfood.C．Toprotecttheiryoung.D．Totrickthechasers.n解析：选A　细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“Onsomeoccasions,thehumpbackwhalessoughtoutprotection.Theyswamtoshallowwater,nearbyreefs,orevenundertheresearchers'boats”可知，驼背鲸游至浅水区是出于自身的安全考虑，为了避免被攻击。故选A。10．WhatismainlytalkedaboutinParagraph4?A．Whyhumpbackwhalesfallvictimtoorcas.B．Howhumpbackwhalesprotecttheircalves.C．Thegreatmotherloveofhumpbackwhales.D．Smallerhumpbackwhales'waysofsurviving.解析：选B　段落大意题。根据第四段的内容可知，本段主要讲的是在面对杀人鲸的攻击时，驼背鲸是如何进行反击来保护自己的幼崽的。故B项最能概括本段的大意。11．WhatdoesPitman'sstudyfind?A．Orcasaresuccessfulintheirattacks.B．It'snoteasyfororcastoobtainfood.C．Humpbackwhalesswimfasterthanorcas.D．Humpbackwhalescouldbeactiveanimals.解析：选D　推理判断题。第二段提到“Humpbackwhalesthemselvesarepopularlythoughttobelargebutgenerally,passivecreatures.Pitman'sstudyfindingsmayletpeoplethinkotherwise”，驼背鲸一般被认为是大型的但是通常被动的生物，Pitman的研究发现可能会让人不这么认为。下文接着讲了面对杀人鲸的攻击时，驼背鲸所采取的一些应对方式，其中包含积极迎击。故选D。