2018_2019学年高中英语module5ethnicculturesectionⅰ 13页

Module5EthnicCulturen　　Ⅰ.Matchthewordwithitsmeaning.1．ethnic　　　　　　　A．孵化2．diverseB．种族的；民族的3．nativeC．控制；管理4．variedD．迷宫；曲径5．runE．风俗，习惯，传统6．inheritF．各种各样的；形形色色的7．propertyG．完全不同的；各不相同的8．customH．出生地的；土生土长的9．hatchI．继承10．mazeJ．财产答案：1～5　BGHFC　6～10　IJEADⅡ.Writedownthemeaningofphrasesineachsentence.1．Hetookthetoyapart,andputittogetheragain.组装2．Thecityisfamousforitsbeautifulsights.因……而出名3．Allimportanteventstakeplaceinthishall.发生，举行4．Thebadwomanusedadrugtoputaspellonthebatmaninordertocontrolhim.用咒符镇住5．Thenewversionofthisdictionaryisnotinuseyet.在使用6．Australiaishometomanyanimals,likekoalas,kangaroos.是……的家园7．Itiseasytogetlostinabigcity.迷路8．Dr.Brownsayscutsshouldbecoveredwithaclean,drybandage.被……覆盖1．Thereare55minoritiesinChina.Pleasenameasmanyasyoucan.The_Zhuang,_the_Manchu,_the_Hui,_the_Miao,_the_Mongol,_the_Zang,_the_Dai,_tnhe_Bai,_etc.2.Matchthenameswiththefollowingpictures.A．YulongXueshanMountainB．TigerLeapingGorgeC．FirstBendofYangtzeRiverD．TheDragonBoatFestivalE．TheBaiTorchFestivalF．TheDaiWaterSplashingFestival答案：①～⑥　BCAFEDⅠ.Fast-readingMatchthemainideawitheachparagraph.①Para.1　A．TheNaximusic.②Para.2B．TheNaxiethnicgroup.③Para.3C．Thelandscape.④Para.4D．TheNaxilanguage.⑤Para.5E．Theoldtown.⑥Para.6F．LeavingLijiangforKunming.答案：①～⑥　CEBDAFⅡ.Careful-readingReadthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.1．Whichofthefollowingwordscanweusetodescribethewriter'sfeelingwhenhevisitedLijiang?A．Puzzled.　　　　　　B．Disappointed.C．Amazed.D．Bored.2．Fromthepassageweknowthat________.A．LijianghasmanymazesnB．theNaxiethnicgroupliketoplaycardsinthestreetC．fourriversrunaroundthecityD．Lijiangisaverymoderncity3．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.A．itisNaximenwhogovernsocietyB．NaxiwomenlikeplayingchessC．hieroglyphiclanguageusedbyNaxipeopleisover1,000yearsD．Naxipeoplehavetheirownreligion4．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．TheNaxistillusethehieroglyphiclanguage.B．TheNaximusichasnotchangedforabouteighteencenturies.C．KnowledgeofmusicishighlyvaluedinNaxi.D．ThewriterthinkshisstayinLijiangisworthremembering.答案：1～4　CBDBⅢ.Study-readingAnalyzethefollowingdifficultsentencesinthetext.1．Theoldtownisonthesideofamountainandoppositeitisthe5,500metreYulongXueshanMountain,itspeakcoveredwithsnow.[句式分析][尝试翻译]　古城依山而建，对面是海拔5_500米的玉龙雪山，山峰被积雪覆盖。2．Theysitinsmallcirclesinthesquare,withtheirbabiesontheirbacks,completelyuninterestedinthetourists![尝试翻译]　她们围成小圈坐在广场上，身背孩子，对游客丝毫不感兴趣！n　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　[对应学生课下能力提升(十七)]阅读理解AChinaismadeupof56ethnicgroups.TheethnicmajoritygroupisknownastheHan,anditaccountsfor93percentofthepopulation.China'sminoritiesaccountfor7percentofthepopulation.ManyoftheminoritiesareconcentratedinChina'sfiveAutonomousRegions:Guangxi,Xinjiang,Tibet,InnerMongoliaandNingxia.________TheMongolianPopulationLocationReligionabout5millionInnerMongoliaandnorthernChinaBuddhism,IslamTheMongolsledbyGenghisKhangovernedChinaandestablishedtheYuanDynasty.Theyhavetheirownlanguageanddialects.TheTibetanPopulationLocationReligionabout4．6millionTibetBuddhismTheTibetansandHanshavebeenlivingtogetherforthousandsofyears.China'ssovereignty(统治权)overTibetcanbetracedbacktothe13thcentury.TheTibetansenjoythesamefreedomofreligionandeducationasotherChinese.TheUygurPopulationLocationReligionabout7millionXinjiangIslamTheXinjiangUygurAutonomousRegionisthelargestregioninChina,ncoveringonesixthofChina'stotalarea.Agreatdealofitisdesertandmountains.Uygurslovedancing,singingandplayingtheirownuniquemusicalinstruments.Theyarehospitablepeople.Visitorswillbeinvitedtotastesweetgrapes,melonsandplums,drinkteaandjointhelivelydancing.TheZhuangPopulationLocationabout15millionmainlyinGuangxiTheZhuangisthelargestethnicminoritygroupinChina.TheyliveintheGuangxiZhuangAutonomousRegionandalsoGuangdong,Guizhou,YunnanandHunan,wheretheymaketheirlivingasfarmers.Theirtropicalfruitsandfarmingproduceareveryfamous.EveryMarch,theyhaveabigfestivaltocelebratewithfolkdancingandsinging.TheHuiPopulationLocationReligionabout8millionnorthwesternChinaIslamTheHuihasalonghistoryofintermarriagewithothernationalitiessuchastheArabs,Hans,etc.TheyfollowmanyMuslimrulesandtaboos,suchasnoteatinganypork.Themenwearwhiteorblackskullcaps.Womencoverthemselveswithwhite,blackorgreenveils(面纱)．1．Whichofthefollowingcanbeputintheblankinthefirstparagraph?A．Thefollowingareinterestingpicturesofethnicminoritygroups.B．Hereisabriefintroductiontofiveethnicminoritygroups.C．WouldyouliketoknowsomethingabouttheMongolian?D．Whichethnicminoritygroupdoyouwanttoknow?解析：选B　推理判断题。根据下文中对5个少数民族的简要介绍可知，此句应具有“启下”功能，故答案为B。n2．HowlonghasChinahadsovereigntyoverTibet?A．13centuries.B．About8centuries.C．Lessthen7centuries.D．Aslongas10centuries.解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二个表格下的第二句“China'ssovereignty(统治权)overTibetcanbetracedbacktothe13thcentury.”可知，现在是21世纪，21减13应为8，故答案为B。3．Ifatouristwantstoexperiencetheethnicminorityfestivalatmosphereinspring,yourecommend________.A．XinjiangbecausetravelerscandancewithlocalpeopleB．GuangxibecausethereholdsabigfestivalinMarchC．InnerMongoliabecausepeopletherelovedancingD．Ningxiabecauseithasrichheritagesinartsandmusic解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第四个表格下的最后一句“EveryMarch,theyhaveabigfestivaltocelebrate...”可知答案为B。4．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．TheTibetanisthelargestethnicminoritygroupinChina.B．TheZhuangslivebyfarmingandfishing.C．TheHuisfollowmanyMuslimrulesandtaboos.D．TheHuiwomenwearveilstokeepwarm.解析：选C　细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知C项正确。B◆Yuanxiao,ChineseLanternFestivalTheLanternFestivaliscelebratedonthe15thofthefirstmonthoftheChineselunarcalendar.ThefestivalendstheNewYear'scelebration.Itisafunfestival.Peoplecarrylanternsandgointothestreetsatnighttowatchlionordragondances,playgamesandlightfirecrackers.Yuanxiao,asweetdumplingmadeofriceflour,isthetraditionalfoodeatenduringthefestival.InChinese,thefestivalisnamedafterthisfood,whichissaidtorepresentfamilyunityandhappinessbecauseitissticky,roundandsweet.◆TheDaiWaterSplashingFestivalTheDaiminorityinYunnancelebratetheWaterSplashingFestivalinthemiddleofApril.ThefestivalcelebratestheDaiLunarNewYearandlastsforthreedays.Therearedragonracesandfireworksdisplaysonthefirstdayandafaironthesecondday.Atthefair,youngloversthrowlovepouchestoeachother.Thethirdndayistheactualwatersplashingday,peoplesplashwateroneachothertowashawayillnessesandbadluckandbringgoodluckforthecomingyear.◆LosarLosarisaTibetanwordforNewYear.“Lo”means“year”and“sar”means“new”.AsthemostpopularfestivalamongTibetans,itiscelebratedfromthefirstdayinthefirstmonthtothefifteenthdaybasedonthetraditionalTibetancalendar.Onthelastdayoftheyear,peoplecleantheirhousesandprepareforthefestival.OnthefirstdayoftheNewYear,Tibetanwomenusuallywakeupearlyatabout5o'clock,andprepareforaspecialkindofbarleywineforthefamilywhichhavetsamba,brownsugar,andmilkdregs.Thewholefamilyhavetodrinkthewineintheirbedsandthencontinuetosleep,whilethehousewivessitinfrontoftheirwindows,waitingforthesunrise.Assoonastheyseethesunraysintheeast,theygotothewellforthefirstbucketofwaterintheNewYear.Itissaidthatwaterinthewellisthefreshestandsweetestatthistimeandthefamilywhogettheluckywaterearliestwillbethemostfortunate.语篇解读：文中介绍了元宵节、傣族的泼水节和藏族的藏历新年的庆祝时间、庆祝活动以及它们的意义。5.PeopleeatyuanxiaoduringtheLanternFestivalbecause________.A．itisthetraditionalfoodandhasitssymbolicmeaningB．itisdeliciousandeasytobemadeC．itissticky,roundandsweetD．itismadeofriceflour解析：选A　细节理解题。由第一段的最后两句可知，元宵是在元宵节吃的传统食物，它具有幸福、团圆的象征意义。所以A项正确。6．WhatcanweknowfromParagraph2abouttheword“fair”？A．Youngpeoplesplashwateroneachotheratthefair.B．Itisthetimewhenyoungpeoplehavemeetings.C．Youngpeoplefindtheirloversthere.D．Youngpeoplesinganddancetheretocelebratethefestival.解析：选C　细节理解题。由第二段中的“Atthefair,youngloversthrowlovepouchestoeachother.”可知年轻人在此时扔示爱的小袋子给喜欢的人。所以C项正确。7．HowmanydaysdoesTibetanLosarlast?A．2.　　　　　　　　　B．3.C．15.D．25.n解析：选C　细节理解题。由Losar部分的第一段的第三句可知，藏历新年从藏历第一个月的1号开始一直持续到15号。8．Thepassageismainlyabout________.A．thecultureandcustominChinaB．thereasonwhypeoplecelebratefestivalsC．severalfestivalsinChinaD．thehistoryofthreefestivalsinChina解析：选C　主旨大意题。本文分别介绍了元宵节、傣族的泼水节和藏族的藏历新年。所以C项最合适。CTheKoreanethnicgroupisdistributedmainlyoverthenortheastofChina,includingJilinProvince,LiaoningProvinceandHeilongjiangProvince.OtherKoreanpeopledisseminate(散布)insomecitiesinotherpartsofChina,suchastheInnerMongoliaAutonomousRegion.TheKoreanethnicgroupofChinamigratedfromtheKoreanPeninsula(半岛)inthe17thcentury.Theyhavetheirownlanguageandcharacters.Koreanpeopledevelopagricultureandforestry,andtheyfish.Theyarewellknownforproducingpaddies(稻谷)andtobacco.Koreanpeoplearegoodatsinginganddancing.Themenlikewrestlingandplayingsoccer,whilethewomenplayatseesawandhaveaswing.Koreanpeoplerespecttheelderly.Youngpeoplearenotpermittedtodrinkorsmokeinfrontofanelderlyperson.Theyarenotallowedtoborrowfirefromtheelderwhensmoking,otherwiseitwouldberegardedasadisrespectfulact.Whenwalkingtogether,theyoungmustfollowthesenior.Ifthereisanemergency,theyoungneedstoexplainthereasontothesenior.Uponmeeting,theyoungshouldgivewaytothesenior.Honorifics(敬语)arenecessaryintheconversationbetweentheyoungandthesenior.Therearefixedplacesforthechopsticks,bowlsonthetable.Thechopsticksshouldbeputontherightsideofthediner,thericebowlontheleft,thesoupnontherightandthecondiments(调味品)inthemiddle.Dogmeatisforbiddenduringweddingsandfestivals.9．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．WheredoKoreanpeopledisseminateB．KoreanethnicgroupC．KoreanpeoplerespecttheelderlyD．Koreanpeople'stablemanners解析：选B　标题归纳题。A项只是文章第一段的概括；C项只是第四段的概括；D项只是最后一段的概括。通读全文可知，文章介绍了朝鲜族的分布、物产、文化和风俗等，所以B项为最佳答案。10．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheKoreanethnicgroup?A．Theyhavetheirownlanguagebutdon'thavetheirowncharacters.B．KoreanethnicgroupofChinamigratedfromtheKoreanPeninsulainthe16thcentury.C．Theyarewellknownforproducingpaddiesandtobacco.D．BothKoreanmenandwomenlikeplayingsoccer.解析：选C　细节理解题。从文章第一段最后两句可知，中国朝鲜族是在17世纪从朝鲜半岛迁徙而来，朝鲜族有自己的语言和文字，故A、B两项错误；从第三段可知，朝鲜族男子喜欢摔跤和足球，而女子则喜欢玩跷跷板和荡秋千，故D项错误。C项是第二段中的原话。11．IfyouareaKoreanyoungman,you________.A．mayborrowfirefromtheelderwhensmokingB．can'twalkbeforeanelderlypersonevenifthereisanemergencyC．needn'tgivewaytohim/herwhenyoumeetwithanelderlypersonifyoudon'tknowhim/herD．shouldusehonorificswhentalkingtoanelderlyperson解析：选D　细节理解题。从文章第四段可知，朝鲜族年轻人是不能向老年人“借火”吸烟的，排除A项；从“Whenwalkingtogether,theyoungmustfollowthesenior.Ifthereisanemergency,theyoungneedstoexplainthereasontothesenior.”可知，如遇紧急情况，年轻人向老年人解释原因后是可以走在他们的前面的，排除B项；从“Uponmeeting,theyoungshouldgivewaytothesenior.”可知，年轻人给老年人让路是不分认识不认识的，排除C项；从最后一句可知D项正确。n12．WhenKoreansarehavingameal,thechopsticksareputcloseto________.A．thericebowlB．thesoupC．thecondimentsD．thebread解析：选B　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，筷子放在吃饭者的右手边，左边放米饭，右边放汤，中间放调料，故汤应该距筷子最近。SimonWakefield'sYunnanDiarySimonWakefieldtravelledroundYunnanafterleavinguniversity.Belowareextractsfromthediarythathekept.April20thI'vebeeninYunnanfortwomonthsnowandI'mstillastonishedbyhowvariedthelandscapeis.Downinthesouth,inXishuangbanna,it'sverytropical,buthereIaminLijiang,innorthwestYunnan.Lijiangishalfnewtownandhalfoldtown.Theoldtownisonthesideofamountainandoppositeitisthe5,500metreYulongXueshanMountain,itspeakcoveredwithsnow.TheskyisclearblueandIdon'tthinkI'veeverseenanythingelsesobeautifulinmylife.EarlythismorningIwalkeduptoabeautifulparkontheslopesofthemountain,andsatandwatchedasthetownslowlywokeuptotheday.Seenfromabove,theoldtownisamazeofcanals,littlebridgesandtinycobbledstreetsthattouristsgetlostin.Threeriversrunthroughthecityandwhereveryougo,youhearthesoundofrushingwater.Carsarenotallowedintheoldtown.Asyouwalkpasttheancientwoodenandstonehouses,youfeelyouarewalkingbackintothepast.April23rdThisregioniswheretheNaxiethnicgroupliveandI'vespentseveralafternoonssittinginacaféintheoldtownsquare,justwatchingpeople.Theircultureisfascinating.Forexample,itisthewomenwhorunNaxisociety,anduntilrecently,Naxiwomeninheritedallproperty.Theysitinsmallcirclesinthesquare,withtheirbabiesontheirbacks,completelyuninterestedinthetourists!Theyhavethecustomofplayingcardsoncardtablesinthemiddleofthestreet.TheNaxistillweartraditionalcostume—thewomenwearblueblousesandtrouserscoveredbyablueorblackapron.ThisafternoonIwasluckyenoughtomeetaNaximanfromtheoldtown.Hewasbetween80and90yearsold,butwasfullofenergy.HespokesomeEnglishandshowednmesometranslationsofNaxipoems.Itwasfascinatingtoreadthem!TheNaxilanguageistheonlyhieroglyphiclanguagestillinuseandisover1,000yearsold.TheNaxibelievethattheycamefromacreaturecalledTabu,whohelpedthemhatchfrommagiceggs.Thisstoryisshowninpicturesinbooksputtogetherinthe10thcentury,andtherearestillafewcopiesoftheseancientbooksinLijiang.April25thLijiangisacityofpaintersandwriters,butNaxicultureisparticularlyfamousforitsmusic.Passedfromfathertoson,themusichasnotchangedforeightcenturies,andamongthericherNaxipeople,knowledgeofthismusicshowedthatyouwerearealgentleman.I'vejustreturnedfromaperformanceoftheNaxiOrchestra.Ittookplaceinanoldwoodenhall,andwasplayedbyNaximen,someofwhomlookedasiftheywerewellover100yearsold!Theyplayedancientsongs,songswithnamessuchasTheWaterDragonIsSinging,WindfromtheRiverandTheSheepontheHill.Sometimestheinstrumentssoundedlikewomencrying,ortreesbendingundersnow.Intheaudiencetherewerebothtouristsandlocalpeople.Everyonelistenedasifsomeonehadputaspellonthem.April29thIhaveonlyonedayleftbeforetravellingtoKunmingandthenflyingbackhome.MystayherehasbeenunforgettableandIreallydon'twanttoleave.I'velearntsomuchabouttheNaxiculture,andInowunderstandthatalthoughpeoplemayseemverydifferentfromyou,wealllaugh,cry,andneedloveandfriendship.Howeverdifferentwemayappeartobeatfirst,weareallthesame,allequal.西蒙·韦克菲尔德的云南旅行日记西蒙·韦克菲尔德大学毕业后去了云南旅游。下面摘录的是他的几则日记。4月20日我现在来云南已经两个月了，这里多姿多彩的风景仍然令我惊讶不已。南部的西双版纳是典型的热带气候，但现在我在西北部的丽江。丽江一半是新城，一半是古城。古城依山而建，对面是海拔5500米的玉龙雪山，山峰被积雪覆盖。这里的天空碧蓝如洗，我想我一生从未见过如此美景。今天清晨，我走进山坡上一个美丽的公园，坐看古城慢慢地从睡梦中醒来。从上面俯瞰，古城就是一座由沟渠、小桥和鹅卵石铺成的街巷构成的迷宫，游人极易迷失其中。三股溪流穿过城市，不管游人走到哪里，都能听见潺潺的流水声。汽车被禁止进入古城。走过一座座木石结构的老屋，你会感觉自己恍如走进了历史。4月23日n这里是纳西族聚居区，一连几个下午，我坐在古城广场的咖啡馆里，注视着来往的行人。他们有着迷人的民族文化。例如，管理纳西族社会的是妇女，而且直到近来还是由纳西族的妇女继承全部财产。她们围成小圈坐在广场上，身背孩子，对游客丝毫不感兴趣！她们有在街中心围着牌桌打扑克的习惯。纳西人仍然穿着传统的民族服装，妇女们穿着蓝色的衣裤，外面罩着蓝色或黑色的围裙。今天下午，我有幸遇到一位住在古城的纳西族老人。他大约八九十岁了，但依然精力充沛。这位老人会说点英语，给我看了几首英译的纳西诗歌。这些诗歌读起来真是美极了！纳西语是唯一仍在使用的象形文字，已有一千多年的历史了。纳西人所信奉的造物主叫塔布，塔布帮助他们的始祖从魔蛋中孵出来。在10世纪编集的书里能找到关于这个传说的图画，今天在丽江仍然能见到这些书的抄本。4月25日丽江是一座画家和作家云集的城市，但是，纳西文化却尤以音乐闻名。纳西音乐世代相传，虽历经八个世纪仍保持原来的音韵。过去在纳西的富人当中，懂音乐才称得上真正的君子。我刚刚欣赏了纳西古乐的演奏。演出在木头搭建的大厅里举行，由纳西族男子表演，有些老人看起来有一百多岁了！他们演奏的古曲有《水龙吟》《一江风》《山坡羊》等。有时他们演奏的音乐听起来时而像怨妇幽泣，时而像雪压树枝。听众既有外地游客也有当地百姓，一个个就像着了魔似的，听得如痴如醉。4月29日再过一天我就要去昆明，然后从那里乘飞机回国了。这些日子令人难忘，我真的不愿离去。了解了这么多的纳西文化，现在我明白：人与人之间虽然有差异，但是，都会欢笑和哭泣，需要爱和友谊。无论起初我们看上去有多么不同，然而我们本质上是一样的，每个人都是平等的。