2018_2019学年高中英语module6thetangpoems课下能力提升二十一外研版 4页

课下能力提升(二十一)阅读理解AUrbanpoetryisaliteraryartforminwhichpoetryisusedtoexpressfeelingsortoshareexperiencesthatarerelatedtolivinginurbanareas.Commonthemesincludepoverty,socialinjustice,stress,strugglesandsurvival.Aswithmanyotherformsofpoetry,itiscommonforthelinesofanurbanpoemtorhyme,butitisnotnecessaryallofthetime.Urbanpoetryalsocanbedifferentinlengthandrhythm.Althoughmanypeopleconsidertheterm“urban”referstomoderncitiesfullofbrickandsteelstructures,flashinglightsandhundredsofthousandsofpeople,formsofurbanpoetryhavesprungoutofcitiesforcenturies.Althoughcitieshavebecomemoremodernized,manyoftheconditionsthatinspireurbanpoetsaremuchthesameastheywerehundredsofyearsago.Oneofthemostimportantthemesofurbanpoetryisthecondemnationofsocialinjustice.Modernurbanpoetstendtofocusonproblemsthathavebadeffectsonthelivesofminorities.Ratherthanexpressanopinionaboutaproblem,manyurbanpoemswouldtellthestoryofsomeonelivinginacitytoallowthereadertogainabetterideaaboutanurbanproblembylearningaboutthestoryteller'spersonalexperiencesdealingwiththisproblem.Althoughurbanpoetrymightbenotreal,ittypicallysettlesasituationthatthepoethaspersonallyexperienced.Themotivationforsettlingunfairordifficultsituationsthatthepoethasexperiencedoftenleadstopowerfulfeelingsonthepartofboththepoetandtheaudience,particularlyduringaliveperformance.Somepeoplebelievethaturbanpoetryismoreappropriateasaspokenartformthanasliterature.Therefore,thistypeofpoetryfrequentlycanbefoundasaudiorecordingsratherthaninbooksorotherprintedmaterial.1．Whatcharacteristicdoesurbanpoetryhave?A．Itslengthisstrictlyfixed.B．Itslinesrhymeallthetime.C．Itcanbefoundinprintedmaterialfrequently.D．Itisaboutfeelingsorexperiencesoflivingincities.解析：选D　细节理解题。由第一段的第一句可知，城市诗歌主要描述人们生活在城市中的感情和经历。2．Whichofthefollowingisthemostimportantthemeofurbanpoetry?A．Strongdisapprovalofsocialunfairness.B．Thestruggleforsurvivalagainstillness.C．Continuedeffortstofighturbanpoverty.D．Greatsocialstressundermodernization.解析：选A　细节理解题。由第二段的“Oneofthemostimportantthemesofurbanpoetryisthecondemnationofsocialinjustice”可知，城市诗歌最重要的主题之一是抨击社会不公。3．Whydomanyurbanpoemstellstoriesinsteadofexpressingopinions?A．Toreducetheaudience'sstrongfeelings.B．Togivecommonreadersaccesstourbanpoems.C．Tohelpreadersbetterunderstandurbanproblems.D．Tomakestorytellers'experiencesseemmorepersonal.解析：选C　细节理解题。由第三段可知，城市诗歌往往采用讲述故事的写作手法，目的是让读者更好地理解城市问题。n4．Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthetext?A．Whatisurbanpoetry?B．Howdoesurbanpoetrydevelop?C．Whymighturbanpoetrybeunreal?D．Inwhatformsdoesurbanpoetryappear?解析：选A　标题归纳题。综合全文可知，文章主要介绍了城市诗歌的概念、常见主题、写作方式和表现形式等，故A项最为全面。BGwendolynBrookswasbornonJune17,1917inTopeka,Kansas.HerfamilymovedtoChicagowhenBrookswasfour.Attheageofseven,Brooksbeganlearninghowtowritepoems,andbytheyoungageofthirteenshehadherfirstpoempublished.Shewrotehundredsofpoemsduringherlifetime.Shehadmorethantwentybookspublished.ShewasknownaroundtheworldforusingpoetrytoincreaseunderstandingaboutblackcultureinAmerica.GwendolynBrookswrotemanypoemsaboutblackpeopleduringthe1940sand1950s.Herpoemsdescribedlivingconditionsofthepoor,racialinequality(种族不平等)anddruguseintheblackcommunity.Shealsowrotepoemsaboutthestrugglesofblackwomen.Butherskillwasmorethanherabilitytowriteaboutstrugglingblackpeople.Shewasanexpertatthelanguageofpoetry.ShemixedtraditionalEuropeanpoetrystyleswiththeAfricanAmericanexperience.Sheoncesaidthatshewroteaboutwhatshesawandheardinthestreet.ShesaidshefoundmostofhermateriallookingoutofthewindowofhersecondfloorapartmenthouseinChicago,Illinois.Inherearlypoetry,shewroteabouttheSouthSideofChicago.TheSouthSideofChicagoiswheremanyblackpeoplelive.Inherpoems,theSouthSideiscalledBronzeville.ItwasAStreetinBronzevillethatgainedtheattentionofliteraryexpertsin1945.Theypraisedherpoeticskillsandherpowerfuldescriptionsabouttheblackexperienceduringthetime.GwendolynBrookswonherfirstmajorawardin1943attheMidwesternWriters'Conference.BrookswasthefirstAfricanAmericanwritertowinthePulitzerPrizeandtobegivenajobintheAmericanAcademyofArtsandLetters.5．GwendolynBrookspaidmoreattentioninherpoemsto________.A．culturedifferencesB．druguseinAfricancountriesC．thelifeoftheblackinAmericaD．thelifeofherownfamily解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第二段第三句话可判断出，布鲁克斯的很多诗歌描述的是黑人生活。6．Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat________.A．atseven,Brooks'parentsfoundthatshehadagiftforwritingpoemsB．Brooks'poemsmadeblackpeoplegainfreedomC．someofBrooks'earlypoemsweresetintheSouthSideofChicagoD．thepoemAStreetinBronzevillemadeBrooksbecomerich解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段第六句话可知，布鲁克斯早期的诗歌主要描写芝加哥南部的生活。7．WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutBrooksisNOTtrue?A．SheisanAfricanAmericanwriter.B．Herfirstpoemwaspublishedin1930.C．Shewasgoodatthelanguageofpoetry.nD．ShewasthefirstAmericanwritertowinthePulitzerPrize.解析：选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句话可知，布鲁克斯是第一位获得普利策文学奖的美国非洲裔作家。D项说法与原文不一致。8．Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.A．BrooksspentherchildhoodinapoorblackcommunityB．mostofBrooks'writingwasbasedonwhatshesawandheardC．allofBrooks'bookshavebeenpublishedD．Brooksdidn'treceivecollegeeducation解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第三段第四、五句话可判断出，她的大部分作品以自己的所见所闻为基础而写成。CWhenIwasinthefifthgradeandMr.Gardneraskedaquestion,myhandwouldshootupwithgreatenthusiasm.Aftergivingmeafewchances,hewouldtrytogiveotherstudentsachance.Myhand,though,wouldremainintheair,andaftersometime,I'dstartwavingitaround.Then,therewasthetimewhenIentereddrummingclasses.Butallwewereallowedtodointhefirstclasswaspractiseonebeatoverandoveragain.Ineverwentback.IwouldhavedoneterriblyintheStanfordMarshmallow(果浆软糖)Experiment.Inthisclassicstudy,researchersgavechildrenachoicebetweenonemarshmallowrightawayandtwolater.Theresultsshowedthatthosewhocouldwait15minutesendedupscoring210pointshigherontheSAT,anexaminationthatAmericanhighschoolstudentstakebeforetheygotocollege.Soclearly,delayinggratificationorbearingupunderpainhasitsbenefits.Itneedspatience.Patiencekeepsusfrombeingstucktoideasformedpreviously,andhelpsusletgoofourstronginterestinoutcomes.Wecometoacceptthatwedon'talwaysorimmediatelyknowwhatisbest,andlearntorecognizethatourrealityisinconstantchanges.Patienceimprovesourunderstandingofdeepertruthsandhelpsusexpandourviews.Thejourneyofpatienceisrootedinknowingthatourpresentrealitywillfinallygivewaytochanges.Butchangeswon'talwayshappenwhenwethinktheyshould,andpatiencewithourselvescomesfromacceptingthattherearethingswecancontrolandthingswecan't.Andthoughwemustmakegreateffortstokeeppushingtheboundariesofourawarenessandtoimproveourabilitytorestcomfortablyinthepresentmoment,howfastwedevelopisn'tuptous.Thatsamefifthgraderwhocouldn'twaittospeakoutanswersnowseestheimportanceofmeetingquestionswithaheartofpatience.9．Whydidtheauthorwavehishandinclass?A．Toentertainhimself.B．Toshowhisimpatience.C．Togiveotherstudentsachance.D．Toletothersknowhewasclever.解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，作者不停地挥舞手臂是因为举了一段时间手后，老师还不让他回答问题，他这样做是因为不耐烦了。10．What'sthepurposeoftheStanfordMarshmallowExperiment?A．Totestchildren'sconcentrationlevels.B．Totesthowchildrenlikemarshmallows.C．Totestpatienceanditspotentialadvantages.D．Totestthebondbetweenpatienceanddesire.n解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第二段中的最后一句可知，这个果浆软糖实验的目的是为了测试耐心在孩子们的后期智力发展中可能存在的优势。11．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“gratification”inParagraph3?A．Progress.　　　　　　　　B．Patience.C．Judgement.D．Satisfaction.解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据该词前的delaying可知，该词的意思与第二段中的“Inthisclassicstudy,researchersgavechildrenachoicebetweenonemarshmallowrightawayandtwolater”有关，根据该句可知，延迟的是满足感，故gratification的意思与satisfaction相近。12．Whatisthemainreasonforpeopletohavepatienceaccordingtothetext?A．Presentreality.B．Constantchanges.C．Alackofselfcontrol.D．Astronginterestinoutcomes.解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“learntorecognizethatourrealityisinconstantchanges”和倒数第二段中的“Thejourneyofpatienceisrootedinknowingthatourpresentrealitywillfinallygivewaytochanges”可知，不断变化是我们需要有耐心的原因。