（江苏专用）2019年高中英语unit2peopleonthemovesectionⅴproject教案（含解析）牛津译林版 14页

SectionⅤProjectFastreadingAnswerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtothetext.1．HowlonghavetheRomanybeenwanderingaroundEuropeandAsia?For_nearly_1,000_years.2．WhyisitdifficulttoclarifytheoriginsoftheRomany?Because_they_have_never_written_down_their_history.3．WhatcausedmanycountriestotakeactionagainsttheRomany?The_collision_of_cultures_between_Europeans_and_the_Romany._4．WhatdidtheNazisthinkoftheRomanytobeduringWorldWarⅡ？A_dangerous_group.CarefulreadingReadthetextcarefullyandfillintheform.Asianorigins•TheyarebelievedtohavefirstcomefromIndia.•Overthecenturies,they1._spreadintomanycountries,mostlyinEurope.Atravellingculture•Theydonotstay2.settledforalongperiodoftime.•Theircultureisrichand3.diverse.•Theyadoptthelanguagesand4.religionsoftheplacestheymoveto.5.PrejudiceagainsttheRomany•Theywerenot6.trusted.•Peoplethoughttheirclotheswerewornandshabby.•Withtheirfrequentmovements,theygaineda7.reputationasthieves.•The8.collisionofculturesledtomanynationstakingactionagainstthem.Futurerelations•SomemodernnationsarenowtryingtohelptheRomany9.preservetheirhistory,languageandculture.•ThetopicoftheRomanywillcontinuetobe10.controversial.Ⅰ.高频单词1．preciseadj.　　　　准确的，确切的n2．shabbyadj.破旧的；衣衫褴褛的3．robvt.抢劫，盗取4．controversialadj.有争议的，引起争论的5．sympathyn.同情；赞同，支持6．clarifyvt.阐明，澄清；净化→clarificationn．澄清；解释7．thiefn.贼，小偷→thieves(复数)8．collisionn．冲突；碰撞→collidevi.发生冲突；碰撞Ⅱ.重点短语1．be_associated_with与……相关联2．split_into分成(若干部分)3．refer_to_..._as_...将……称之为……4．stay_settled定居5．showrespectfor表达对……的尊敬6．breakup拆开；绝交；破碎；解散7．interror惊慌地8．atbest充其量，至多Ⅲ.经典句型1．[句型展示]　TheRomanyare_thought_tohavefirstcomefromIndia.罗姆人被认为早先是来自印度的。[典例背诵]　Sheissaidtobecomeateacherinthefuture.据说她将来想当老师。2．[句型展示]　ThiscollisionofculturesbetweenEuropeansandtheRomanyledtomany_nations_taking_actionagainstthem,evenbanningRomanygroupsfromentering.欧洲人和罗姆人的这一文化冲突导致许多国家都采取措施抵制他们，甚至禁止罗姆族群入境。[典例背诵]　Theheadmasterfinallyapprovedoftheboytakingpartintheproject.校长最终同意那个男孩参加这个项目。1．clarifyvt.阐明，使更清晰易懂，澄清；净化[教材原句]　TheRomanyhaveneverwrittendowntheirhistory,soitishardtonclarifytheiroriginsorexacthistory.罗姆人从来没有记载他们的历史，因此很难弄清他们的起源或是确切的历史。①It’simportanttoclarifywhatthechangeinthelawwillmean.阐明法律的变更意味着什么，这很重要。(1)clarifyone’sposition(on)　　阐明(……方面的)立场clarifywhat/how/...澄清……(2)clarificationn.澄清；解释②Heisexpectedtoclarifyhispositiononwelfarereformtoday.人们希望他今天阐明自己在福利改革方面的立场。③Pleasecontactusifyourequireclarificationofanyofthesematters.如果你想弄清这些事情，请与我们联系。[即境活用1]　Thereportaims________howtheseconclusionswerereached.A．clarifying　　　　　　　　B．toclarifyC．havingclarifiedD．tobeclarified解释：选B。句意：那份报告旨在阐明这些结论是如何得出的。aimtodosth.“目标是做某事”。2.preciseadj.准确的，确切的[教材原句]　ItisalsodifficulttobepreciseabouthowmanyRomanypeoplethereare,thoughtheCouncilofEuropehassuggestedanumberofabout9.8million.而且也很难确切地说出有多少罗姆人，尽管欧洲理事会建议这个数字大约是9800000。①Canyougiveamoreprecisedefinitionoftheword?你能给这个词下个更确切的定义吗？bepreciseabout　　　对……(说得)准确；准确地说出tobe(more)precise确切地说，准确地说preciselyadv.精确地②Icanbereasonablypreciseaboutthetimeoftheincident.我可以相当准确地说出这件事发生的时间。③Theshelfisaboutametrelong—98cm,tobeprecise.架子长约1米，精确地说，是98cm。[即境活用2]　用precise的适当形式填空①Itwasfoundattheprecisespotwhereshehadleftit.②Heknowspreciselywhatwewant.n3．referto...as把……称为；认为……是[教材原句]　ManypeopleoftenrefertotheRomanyas“travellers”．许多人经常把罗姆人称为“旅行者”。①EvenasaboyhereferredtohisfatherasSteve.即便还是小孩子时，他就叫他父亲史蒂夫。referto　　　　谈到，说到；参考，咨询；涉及refer...to...把……提交给……；让……作决定②Thespeakerreferredtohisexperiencesintherescue.演讲者谈到了他在救援中的经历。③Thedoctorreferredmetoaskinspecialist.医生让我去看皮肤病专家。lookup,refertolookup着重于要查找的对象，宾语为word,information等referto强调查找的范围和领域，宾语为book,note,dictionary等[即境活用3]　选词填空：lookup,referto①WhenImeetthewordsIdon’tknow,Ioftenrefer_tothedictionary.②Youmaylook_upthewordinthedictionaryifyoudon’tknowitsmeaning.4．robvt.抢劫，掠夺，盗取[教材原句]　Withtheirfrequentmovements,theygainedareputationasthieves,whorobbedpeople,movedaway,andwerethendifficulttofind.由于频繁流动，他们得了小偷的坏名声：偷抢别人的东西，扬长而去，难以抓寻。①Theywereplanningtorobthemuseum.他们计划抢劫博物馆。(1)robsb.ofsth.　　　　抢夺某人某物；使某人丧失某物robsomeplaceofsth.从某处抢走某物robsomeplace抢劫某处(2)robbern.抢劫犯；劫匪robberyn.抢劫②Theyoungmanrobbedherofherbag.那名年轻男子抢夺了她的包。③Therobbersrobbedajewelleryshopandtheirrobberyhitthecity.劫匪抢劫了一家珠宝店，他们的抢劫轰动了全市。n[点津]　类似robsb.ofsth.的表达还有：warnsb.ofsth.“警告某人某事”；remindsb.ofsth.“提醒某人某事”；informsb.ofsth.“告知某人某事”等。形象记忆—Doyouknowtherobberylastmonth？你知道上个月发生的抢劫吗？—Yes.Tworobbersrobbedthebankinourcity.是的。两名抢劫犯抢劫了我市的银行。[即境活用4]　Thegirlwasseverelybeatenandrobbed________allherpossessions.A．withB．ofC．forD．on解析：选B。句意：这个女孩遭到毒打，并被抢去全部财物。robsb.ofsth.“抢劫某人某物”。题干用的是被动语态。5．atbest充其量，至多[教材原句]　ThetopicoftheRomanywillcontinuetobecontroversial,andthepeacebetweenthemandmanyEuropeansistentativeatbest.有关罗姆人的话题将会继续引发争议，罗姆人和许多欧洲人之间的和平充其量只是暂时的。①Theirresponsetotheproposalwas,atbest,cool.他们对提议的反应充其量只能说是漠然置之。atone’sbest　　　　　　　全盛时期makethebestof充分利用makethebestofit在困境中尽力而为have/getthebestofsth.胜过，占上风②Idon’treallyfeelatmybesttoday.我今天不太舒服。③Ithoughtyouhadthebestofthatdiscussion.我以为你在那场讨论中占了上风。[即境活用5]　完成句子①他获胜的可能性至多也只能说是难以预料。nHischancesofvictoryare,at_best,_uncertain.②我陷入了一团糟的局面，所以我只好尽力而为。Iwasinamess,soIjusthadtomake_the_best_of_it.6．sympathyn．同情；赞同，支持feel/havegreatsympathyforsb.对某人深感同情outofsympathy出于同情beinsympathywith...赞成……①Weallhavegreatsympathyforthevictimsoftheearthquake.我们所有人都对地震的遇难者表示极大的同情。②Theschoolshouldbeentirelyinsympathywiththeseaims.这所学校应该完全支持这些目标。[即境活用6]　Ihavenosympathy________Jane;it’sallherownfault.A．onB．forC．atD．to解析：选B。句意：我不同情简，那都是她自己的错。have/feel/expresssympathyforsb.“同情某人”。1．TheRomanyare_thought_tohavefirstcomefromIndia.罗姆人被认为早先是来自印度的。(1)该句可改写成：ItisthoughtthattheRomanyfirstcamefromIndia.Sb./Sth.isthoughttodo/tobedoing/tohavedone...与Itisthoughtthat...两种结构可互换，意为“据认为……，人们认为……，”其中的不定式根据具体语境，有todo/tobedoing/tohavedone等形式。①Thepassengersontheplanearethoughttohavebeenkilledintheaircrash.＝Itisthoughtthatthepassengersontheplanewerekilledintheaircrash.人们认为飞机上的乘客已经在空难中死去。(2)能用于“主语＋be＋过去分词＋todosth.”结构的动词还有say,report,expect,believe,suppose,know等。②Heisbelievedtobewritinganewnovelnow.＝Itisbelievedthatheiswritinganewnovelnow.人们相信他现在正在写一部新小说。n(3)suggest和hope可用于“Itis＋过去分词＋that...”结构，但不能用于“主语＋be＋过去分词＋todosth.”结构。③ItissuggestedthatMr.Wanggiveaperformanceattheparty.有人建议王老师在晚会上演个节目。[即境活用1]　句型转换①Hisfatherissaidtobeanengineer.→Itissaidthathisfatherisanengineer.②Itisbelievedthatthecoupleleftthecountrylastweek.→Thecouplearebelievedtohaveleftthecountrylastweek.2．ThiscollisionofculturesbetweenEuropeansandtheRomanyledtomany_nations_taking_actionagainstthem,evenbanningRomanygroupsfromentering.欧洲人和罗姆人的这一文化冲突导致许多国家都采取措施抵制他们，甚至禁止罗姆族群入境。1)动名词短语takingactionagainstthem是leadto的宾语，其逻辑主语是manynations。动名词短语和其逻辑主语构成动名词的复合结构。2)动名词的复合结构是指带有逻辑主语的动名词，在句中可作主语或宾语。当动名词的复合结构作主语且逻辑主语是有生命的名词时，必须用名词或代词的所有格；作宾语时(尤其在口语中)，也可以用名词的普通格或人称代词宾格。(1)名词所有格/物主代词＋动名词，可作主语或宾语。①Hiscomingmademeveryhappy.他的到来使我非常高兴。②WeallthoughtTom’sgivinguphisjobwasagreatmistake.我们都认为汤姆放弃工作的举动是一大错误。(2)名词的普通格/人称代词宾格＋动名词，只能作宾语。③Idon’tlikethem/youngpeoplesmoking.我不喜欢他们/年轻人吸烟。(3)若动名词的逻辑主语为无生命的事物，只用普通格。④Theexperimentcan’tbecarriedoutbecauseoftheequipmentbeingoutoforder.实验不能进行了，因为设备出了故障。[即境活用2]　Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledto________.A．thethiefhavingcaught　B．catchthethiefC．thethiefbeingcaughtD．thethieftobecaughtn解析：选C。句意：新证据的发现使得小偷被抓住了。to是介词，其后用动名词作宾语，且动名词有自己的逻辑主语thethief，而本句要表示被动意义，故选C。Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Hesoonbecameacontroversial(有争议的)figureintheworldofbigbusiness.2．Thedriverturnedlefttoavoidacollision(碰撞)withtheoncomingcar.3．Youcaneasilyclarify(澄清)anyproblemsifyoustudyBritishhistory.4．Shethoughtitridiculoustobeofferedsympathy(同情)byarobot.5．Theoutsideofthehousewasbeginningtolookshabby(破旧的)．6．Theprecise(确切的)dateandplaceofhisbirthareunknown.Ⅱ.完成句子1．我今天最多只能看完这本书的一半。At_best,_Icouldonlyfinishhalfofthebooktoday.2．他们的产品享有盛誉，在市场上很畅销。Theirproductsenjoy_a_high_reputationanddowellonthemarket.3．这位诺贝尔奖得主在孩提时代住过的房子现在是一家博物馆。Thehousein_whichtheNobelPrizewinnerlivedasachildisnowamuseum.4．丹喜欢四处旅行，他很难在任何地方长时间定居。Danlikestravellingaround.Itisdifficultforhimto_stay_settledinanyplaceforlong.5．他们打倒他，抢了他的手表。Theyknockedhimdownandrobbed_him_of_his_watch.Ⅲ.单项填空1．Theearthisbelieved________byanobjectthesizeofMarsatsomepointinthedistantpastbeforeitssurfacecooled.A．tobehit　　　　　　　B．tohavebeenhitC．tohavehitD．tohit解析：选B。考查不定式作主补。句意：人们认为，在遥远的过去，地球在其表面冷却之前，曾经被一个火星大小的物体撞击过。这里是“bebelieved＋动词不定式”结构，由于地球表面被撞击发生在谓语动词动作“isbelieved”之前，因此该动词不定式应用完成被动式。2．—Canyouhelpme?—Yes.________yourteacher’sadvice,inmyopinion,andeverythingwillbenOK.A．FollowB．FollowingC．TofollowD．Followed解析：选A。考查句型“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”。此题难点在于inmyopinion为插入语，但它不影响整个句子的结构。3．Itwasreportedthatthegovernmentofficialexpressedthedeepest________forthefamiliesofthosekilledandinjuredinthisattack.A．sympathyB．comfortC．inconvenienceD．trouble解析：选A。句意：据报道，这位政府官员对这次袭击中死伤者的家属表达了最深切的慰问。sympathy“同情，慰问”；comfort“舒服”；inconvenience“不便”；trouble“麻烦”。根据句意选A。4．TheChinese________theirlanguageasHan,whichisoftencalled“Mandarin”inthewest.A．refertoB．cometoC．belongtoD．introduceto解析：选A。考查短语辨析。句意：“中国人称他们的语言为汉语，也就是西方人所谓的中国官方语言。”referto...as...“称……为……”；cometo“提及，想起，总计”；belongto“属于，归……所有”；introducesb.tosb.“把某人介绍给某人”。5．Marydidn’tgetthereontimebecauseofthebadweather.What’smore,hercarwasinpoor________.A．collisionB．conditionC．situationD．direction解析：选B。考查名词辨析。inpoorcondition意为“处于不好的状况”。句意：由于天气恶劣，加之车况也不好，玛丽没能按时赶到那里。6．Theteacher’sexplanation________theproblemthathadbeenconfusingtothewholeclass.A．answeredB．dealtC．clarifiedD．instructed解析：选C。考查动词词义。answer“回答”(后常跟thequestion)；deal为不及物动词，常跟with搭配，意为“处理，对付”；clarify“澄清，阐明”；instruct“指示，教导”。句意：老师的讲解阐明了那个一直令全班同学困惑的难题。7．Wearerather________aboutthesympathyheclaimstohaveforthepoorbecauseheismeanwithhismoney.nA．controversialB．positiveC．scepticalD．cautious解析：选C。考查形容词辨析。由“因为他在金钱方面很小气”可判断选C，表示“怀疑的”。他说他对穷人有同情心，对此我们表示“怀疑”。A项意为“引起争议的”；B项意为“积极的，肯定的”；D项意为“小心的，谨慎的”。8．Wewouldmaintaintheworldbalanceofpower________.A．atallcostsB．atcostC．atourbestD．atbest解析：选A。句意：我们将不惜一切代价维持世界力量的均衡。atcost“按成本”；atbest“至多”；atone’sbest“在……的最佳状态”。atallcosts“不管多大代价；无论如何”，符合句意。9．Hiscarelessnessledto________thegoodchance.A．hisloseB．hislosingC．himloseD．himtobelost解析：选B。句意：他的粗心使他丧失良机。to为介词，其后用动名词作宾语，此处动名词有自己的逻辑主语，用his或him皆可。10．Itcanrobyou______yourselfconfidentifyoudon’tlearntoforgiveyourself.A．ofB．withC．onD．for解析：选A。句意：如果你不学会宽容你自己，这可能让你丧失自信。robsb.ofsth.“使某人丧失某物”。Ⅳ.阅读理解Gettingtimeofffromworkisusuallyconsideredagoodthing—butnotwhenit’sunpaidandunexpected.Ascompaniesstrivetoavoidlayoffs,unpaidfurloughshavebecomethecostcuttingstrategydujour(近期流行的).Themoneysavingmethodrequiresworkerstotakedaysoffwithoutpay,andcanlastanywherefromafewdaystomorethanayear.Elevenpercentofbusinessessurveyedhavealreadyrunmandatory(强制性的)furloughprogramsandanother60%plantointhenext12months,accordingtoarecentstudybyconsultingfirmWatsonWyatt.Unlikepreviousdownturnsinwhichfurloughswerelargelyrestrictedtotheairline,manufacturingandautoindustries,abroaderrangeofwhitecollarnindustriessuchasmediaandgovernmentarenowusingmandatoryfurloughsasawaytocutbackwithoutcuttingstaff.Forbusinesses,furloughscansolveshorttermcostissues,withoutdamagingthelongtermhealthofthecompany.Employerscanreducepayrollimmediately,andsaveontheexpenseoftrainingnewhireswhenbusinesspicksupagain.Whiletakingsometimeofffromworkcanprovidetimetopursueotherinterests,getadditionaltrainingorspendmoretimewithfamily,itcanbeanunwelcomebreakatatimewhenmoneyistightformosthouseholds,andtemporaryworkishardtocomeby.Tiedemann,aDenverbasedpilotforUnitedAirlines,hasalreadybeenfurloughedonceafewyearsagoandisworrieditwillhappenagainnow.“Itwasdevastating，”hesaid.“Ihadbeenthereforfiveorsixyears,andwasestablishedinDenverwithmyfamily.”Beforebeingcalledbackafterafurloughthatlastedayearandahalf,Tiedemannsayshemanagedtofindatemporaryjobandfinallytooka55%to60%paycutflyingforavacationcharter(包租)companyduringhisunpaidleave.Now,astheairlineindustrystruggleswithvolatile(不稳定的)fuelpricesanddecliningdemand,Tiedemannsaysheisangeredbytheprospectofbeingfurloughedasecondtimejustafewyearslater.“IfIgetfurloughedanothertimeIwouldresign，”hesaid.语篇解读：本文介绍了目前不带薪休假流行的原因以及它对人们的工作和生活所带来的影响。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“furloughs”meaninthesecondparagraph?A．Vacation.B．Career.C．Exchange.D．Travel.解析：选A。词义猜测题。由第二段第二句中的“Themoneysavingmethodrequiresworkerstotakedaysoffwithoutpay”可知，当今很多公司节约成本的方法是要求员工不带薪休假。A项意为“假期，休假”；B项意为“事业，职业”；C项意为“交换，兑换”；D项“旅行”。故答案为A。2．Whatcancompaniesbenefitfrommandatoryfurloughprogramsmostprobably?A．Theycansavemanyskilledworkersinneedforthefuture.B．Theycanmakeworkersevenworkharderwithouthiringthenew.C．Theycanmakealongdevelopmentplan.D．Theycansavemoneywithoutcuttingstaffduringashortperiod.解析：选D。细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“...usingmandatoryfurloughsasawaytocutbackwithoutcuttingstaff.”及第五段的“Forbusinesses,furloughscannsolveshorttermcostissues”可知，强制性不带薪休假可以在不裁员的情况下为企业节约成本。故答案为D。3．Whatisthebiggestdisadvantagetheunpaidfurloughsbringtoworkers?A．Theycanenjoyalongstaytogetherwiththeirfamily.B．Unpaidfurloughsmakethemliveharderthanbefore.C．Theycan’tgetanotherjobtosupporttheirfamily.D．Theycanhavemoretimetotravelaroundtheworld.解析：选B。细节理解题。从倒数第三段可知，暂时性的不带薪休假让一些家庭失去了生活来源，故选B。A和D是不带薪休假带来的好处，C项过于绝对。4．WhatmakesUnitedAirlinesforceTiedemanntogetfurloughed?A．Hisinexperiencedflyingrecords.B．Hiscomplaintsaboutthecompany.C．Thehighfuelpricesandlowdemand.D．Histemporaryjobinanothercompany.解析：选C。细节理解题。根据文章第七段的“astheairlineindustrystruggleswithvolatile(不稳定的)fuelpricesanddecliningdemand”可知C项正确。5．What’sthemainpointtalkedaboutinthispassage?A．Amoneysavingway.B．Howtosavemoneyforthecompany.C．Thereasonforfurloughs.D．Theunpaidfurloughs.解析：选D。主旨大意题。根据全文所讲述的主要内容即不带薪休假流行的原因以及它对人们的工作和生活所带来的影响可知D更恰当。Ⅴ.任务型阅读/读写Autumnblues?Letthesunshineinfallingleaves,witheringflowers,coldwinds,faintsunshine.Formanypeoplelateautumncanbeaseasonofdepression.Spiritscanbelow.Peoplewhosufferfrom“theautumnblues”oftenareextremelyexhausted,lackenergy,needmoresleep,feelincreasedappetiteandgainweight.“Theexactcauseofthiscondition,oftencalledseasonaldepressionorseasonalaffectivedisorder(SAD),isnotknownyet,”saysChenJue,associateprofessoratShanghaiMentalHealthCenter.“Butrecentstudiesindicatethatweatherchangeisinfluentialandstronglysuggestthatthisconditioniscausedbychangesintheavailabilityofsunlight.”nOnetheoryisthatwithdecreasedexposuretosunlight,thebiologicalclockthatregulatesmood,sleep,andhormonesisdelayed,runningmoreslowlyinwinter.Exposuretolightmayresetthebiologicalclock.AnothertheoryisthatbrainchemicalsthattransmitinformationbetweennervesmaybealteredinindividualswithSAD.Itisbelievedthatexposuretolightcancorrecttheseimbalances.“Itisasadseason,butyoucantrytomakeithappy.Remember,springalwayslivesinyourheart，”Chensays.Herearesometipstodealwithautumndepression.—Gooutdoorsandgetsomesunlight.Movearound.Freshairandexerciseimprovetherespiratory(呼吸)systemandbloodcirculationandregulatethenervoussystem.Thus,exerciseiscalmingandrelievesone’smood.—Relaxatwork.Stretch,breathedeeply.Takeateabreak.Thinkofyournextvacation.—Keepachocolatebarinyourpocket.Chocolateandsugarraisethespirits.—Lookatbrightcolors,suchasredandorange.Colortherapyimprovesmood.—Listentoyourfavoritemusic.Youcandancetoit,orjustlieonacozycouch,readinganovel.—Decorateyourroomandworkspacewithflowers.Bloomingplantsarecheering.—Callfriendsorfamilywhenyoufeellonely.Recallsomehappymemories.AutumnBluesAutumnbluesisalsocalledautumn(1)________．Therealcauseforitisstill(2)________tous.Exposuretosunlightcanhelptocureit.Therearesome(3)________thatcanhelptodealwithit.Thefirstreasonisthatexposuretosunshinecanresetthebiologicalclock(4)________Thesecondisconnected(5)________thebalanceofnervesthattransmitOutdoor(6)________mayreducethetensionthatbringsyouthelowYoucanrelaxyourselveswhileworking.(7)________(8)________treatmentalsoworksinhandlinglowmood.MusicalsoGreenplantsarecheering.Callingyourfriendswilldrive(10)________nmood,sleepandhormones.information.spirits.chocolateandsugarinthepocketdoeshelptoo.(9)________aroleintreatingautumnblues.away.Thinkingofthesweetpastisregardedasagoodwayaswell.答案：1.depression　2.unknown　3.tips/ways/methods　4.regulating　5.to/with6.exercise/activities　7.Keeping　8.Colour　9.plays　10.loneliness