2019年高中英语unit15learningsectionⅱwarm_up 14页

SectionⅡWarm-up&Lesson1—LanguagePoints　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　对应学生用书P69一、这样记单词得准·写得对记得快·记得多Ⅰ.基础词汇1.secureadj.　　　　　稳定的；无忧无虑的2.franklyadv.坦率地，真诚地3.suspectv.怀疑4.statusn.现状；社会地位5.distinguishvt.辨别，区别Ⅱ.拓展词汇1.spellingn．拼写→spellv．拼写2.correctionn．改正，改进→correctv．改正3.simplifyvt.简化→simplificationn．简化→simplyadv.简单地→simpleadj.简单的4.postagen．邮资，邮费→postv．&n．邮寄，邮递5.instructv．教导，指导→instructionn．指导；命令；指示→instructorn．指导者6.buryvt.埋葬→burialn．埋葬，葬礼1.backwardsadv.由后向前地[记法]　back(后面)＋wards(向前)→backwards2.suspectv．怀疑[联想]　识记含spect的相关单词①inspectvt.检查；视察　②aspectn．样子；方面③respectn．&vt.尊敬　④prospectn．景色；前景3.chiefadj.最高级别的[词块]①branchchief　　　　　　部门负责人②departmentchief部门主任③firechief消防署署长④laboratorychief实验室主任⑤partychief政党首领⑥armychief部队首长4.airmailn．航空邮政[记法]　air(航空)＋mail(邮件)→airmail5.instructv．教导，指导；指示，命令[记法]　in(内部)＋struct(构筑)→instruct二、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块n1.graduatefrom　从……(学校)毕业2．distancelearning远程学习3．getpromoted得到提拔4．franklyspeaking老实说，坦率地说5．layoff裁员；解雇6．goblank发呆，变成空白7．setup成立8．asidefrom除……之外9．inperson亲自10．switch/turnoff关上11．takepartin参加12．breakout爆发1.lifelonglearning　　　　　　终身学习2．formaleducation正规教育3．failone'scollegeentranceexam高考失败4．beabouttograduate即将毕业5．Bachelor'sDegree学士学位6．inthepast过去7．getadegree获得学位8．keepasecurefulltimejob保持一份稳定的全职工作9．swellwithanger充满愤怒10．dosomethingwrong犯错11．doabusinesscourse进修一门商业课程12．collectpostagestamps收集邮票三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.It'snevertoolatetolearn.学习永远都不会太晚。too...to...“太……而不能……”。Themathsproblemistoo_difficult_for_me_to_work_out.这道数学题太难我解不出来。2.NowI'mabouttograduatefromtheSchoolofContinuingEducationatQinghuaUniversity...现在我即将从清华大学的继续教育学院毕业……beabouttodo“即将做，马上做”。We_were_about_to_leave,_sothereisnotimetovisithimnow.我们就要离开，所以现在没有时间去看他。3.IfeltasifIhaddonesomethingwrong!我感觉自己好像犯了错！asif“好像是……”，引导表语从句。Heissotiredthathefeelsas_if_he_could_sleeparoundtheclock.他疲惫之至以至于他觉得好像能睡24小时。4.IdecidedthatitwastimeIbecameanInternetuser.我觉得是我成为互联网用户的Itis/was(high)time(that)...“是Itwastimethatwe_reflected_upon/should_reflect_upon_our_mistakes.n时候了。该做……的时候了”。该是我们反省思过的时候了。1．(教材P36)Franklyspeaking,thelastfouryearshavebeenhardwork,butit'sbeenworthit!坦白地说，过去这4年过得很艰难，但是值得！franklyspeaking坦率地说(在句中作独立状语)honestlyspeaking＝tobehonest说实话generallyspeaking一般而言，一般说来exactlyspeaking确切地说strictlyspeaking严格地说personallyspeaking就个人而言①Generallyspeaking,itisdifficulttomasteraforeignlanguageinsuchashorttime.一般来说，在这么短的时间内掌握一门外语是很难的。②Exactly(exact)speaking,theplanewilltakeoffat4：45thisafternoon.确切地说，这架飞机将于今天下午4点45分起飞。[名师点津]　(1)franklyspeaking常用作状语，近义短语还有：tobefrank/tobehonest/honestlyspeaking/totellyouthetruth等。(2)以上结构均为独立成分。独立成分表达了说话人的观点，不受句子主语的限制，故其形式是固定的：speaking不能用spoken或tospeak替换。2．(教材P36)Threemonthsago,whenmymanagertoldmethatIwouldbelaidoff,mymindwentblankandmyheartswelledwithanger.三个月前，当经理告诉我将被解雇时，我的脑子一片空白，满腔怒火。layoff裁员；解雇；停止，中止layoffdoingsth.　　停止做某事layaside把……搁置一旁；留存，储存laydown放下；制定(条例或原则)layout摆开，铺开；安排，布置①Whydon'tyoulayoffsmokingforawhileuntilyourcoughgetsbetter?为何不戒一段时间烟，直到你咳嗽好些呢？n②Thefactoryhaslaid_offworkersbecauseofthedropinsales.由于销售额下降，工厂解雇了工人。③Layasidesomemoneyeverymonthandyou'llbecomerichsomeday.每月存一些钱，将来有一天你就会成为富人。3．(教材P36)Isuspectthattheylaidmeoffbecausethecompanywasnotdoingthatwellbutitstillbroughtalumptomythroatandmademewanttocry.我怀疑他们裁掉我是因为公司经营得不是很好，但这仍然使我喉头哽咽，让我想哭。suspect(1)v.怀疑；不信任；怀疑某人有罪suspectsth.　　　　　　　怀疑某事suspectsb.tobe怀疑某人是……suspectsb.of(doing)sth.怀疑某人(做)某事；怀疑某人有罪suspect＋that从句怀疑……①Yousurelydon'tsuspecthispurposesinofferingtohelp.你一定不会怀疑他提供帮助的目的。②JennysuspectedthatTomwaslyingtoher.＝JennysuspectedTomoflyingtoher.詹妮怀疑汤姆在对她说谎。③Weallsuspectherto_be(be)anactress,butnooneknowsher.我们猜想她是一名演员，但没有人认识她。(2)n.嫌疑犯；可疑对象④Twosuspectsinconnectionwiththecasearenowbeinginvestigated.与案件有关的两名嫌疑犯正在接受调查。4．(教材P36)IgotmygrandsontoinstructmeonhowtoemailandusetheInternetandIreallyenjoythespeedatwhichmymessagesgetsentandanswered.于是我让我的孙子教我怎样收发电子邮件和使用互联网，我真的很喜欢信息传送和回复的速度。instructv．教导，指导；指示，命令(1)instructsb.insth.＝teachsb.sth.　　教某人某事instructsb.todosth.命令某人做某事instruct＋that/wh从句命令……(从句用虚拟语气)(2)instruction教授；传授；[pl.]指示；命令；用法说明instructions做某事的指示/命令instructioninsth.教授/传授某事n①Thecollegewillneedanadditionalteachertoinstructtheboysincooking.这所大学需要增加一名教员来向男生传授烹饪技术。②Theyinstructedhimthathe(should)_leave(leave)thecountryatonce.＝Theyinstructedhimto_leave(leave)thecountryatonce.他们命令他立刻离开这个国家。③Followtheinstructions(instruct)onthepacketcarefully.仔细按照包装上的说明操作。5．(教材P36)Andasidefromemailing,it'sfuntoseeandtalktomygrandchildrenintheUSontheiCam.除了收发电子邮件之外，我用网络摄像头看到了在美国的外孙并且同他们聊天，太有趣了。asidefrom...(＝apartfrom...)除……之外asidefrom/exceptfor/except　　除……之外(都)asidefrom/besides/inadditionto除……之外(还)①(2014·浙江高考书面表达)Asidefrom/Besides/Inadditiontoreadingforknowledge,wereadforfunandinspiration.除了为获得知识而阅读外，我们还为获得乐趣和灵感而阅读。②Youcanhaveanyofthecakesexcept/aside_fromthisone.除了这块蛋糕外，你可以吃任何一块。6．(教材P36)Somanypeoplethinkthatafteryouretire,allyoucandoisswitchoffyourbrainandburyeverythingyou'veeverlearnt.很多人认为退休后你所能做的就是关闭大脑，埋藏所学过的所有东西。bury(1)vt.埋葬，埋藏；覆盖，掩盖beburiedalive　　　　　　被活埋bury...in...把……埋到……里buryone'shead/faceinone'shands用手捂住头/脸①ManygreatEnglishmenareburiedinWestminsterAbbey.许多伟大的英国人被安葬在威斯敏斯特大教堂。②Sheburiedherfaceinherhandsandwept.她掩面而泣。(2)vt.使陷入，使投入beburiedinthought　　　　沉思nburyoneselfin(doing)sth.埋头于/专心于(做)某事(be)buriedin(doing)sth.埋头于/专心于(做)某事③HeburiedhimselfinreadingabookwhenIcamein.＝Hewas_buried_in_readingabookwhenIcamein.我进来时他正专心看书。④Buried(bury)inthought,hedidn'tnoticemycomingin.由于在沉思，他没有注意到我进来。7．(教材P37)Iftheroomhadnotbeendark,hewouldhavedistinguishedthetwopictures.如果房间不暗，他早就分辨出两幅图画了。distinguishvt.&vi.区分，辨别，分清vt.使有别于，成为……的特征，使具有……特色；使出众distinguishbetweenAandB　区分A和BdistinguishAfromB把A和B区分开distinguishoneself(as...)某人(作为……)著名/受人青睐①Readinggoodbookscannotonlyenrichourknowledgebutalsoteachustodistinguishbetweenrightandwrong.阅读好书既能丰富我们的知识又能教我们分辨是非。②It'simportanttodistinguishrealityfromdreams.重要的是要把现实与梦想区别开来。③Asfarasweallknow,LangPinghasalreadydistinguishedherselfasagreatvolleyballcoachintheworld.众所周知，郎平作为优秀的排球教练在世界上已享有盛名。1．It'snevertoolatetolearn.学习永远都不会太晚。(1)too＋形容词/副词＋to＋动词原形，意为“太……而不能……”。动词不定式在句中作结果状语，其前可由for引出其逻辑主语。①Hewastoopoortobuyshoesforhisfamily.他太穷，没钱给家人买鞋穿。(2)too...to...表示肯定含义的情况：在too的前面有not,never,quite,only,but,just等词修饰时，这个句型表示肯定意义。n②It'snevertoolatetostopsmoking.何时戒烟都不算晚。③Iamonly_too_gladtogotothemoviewithyou.我很高兴跟你一起去看电影。(3)too...to结构一般表示否定意义，但若too后接ready,anxious,glad,willing,eager,pleased等形容词，too相当于very，意为“非常……”，表示肯定含义。④Heistoopleasedto_receive(receive)theprettygift.收到这件漂亮的礼物他非常高兴。[名师点津]　该句型有时可与so/such...that...结构互换。⑤Theboxistooheavyformetocarry.＝TheboxissoheavythatIcan'tcarryit.＝ItissuchaheavyboxthatIcan'tcarryit.这个箱子太重，我提不起来。2．IfeltasifIhaddonesomethingwrong!我感觉自己好像犯了错！asif/though“好像，仿佛”，可引导方式状语从句或表语从句。(1)asif/though引导的表语从句或方式状语从句所表示的情况是事实或具有很大可能性时，通常用陈述语气。在表语从句中，常与look,seem,taste,smell,sound等词连用。①Hurryup!Itlooksasifthetrainisgoingtomove.快点！看起来火车要开了。(陈述语气)(2)asif引导的方式状语从句或表语从句所表示的情况不是事实，而是主观的想象或夸大性的比喻时，通常用虚拟语气。asif/though从句用虚拟语气的情况：a．当从句表示与现在事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用一般过去时，be动词用wereb．当从句表示与过去事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”形式c．当从句表示与将来事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用“could/might/would＋动词原形”②Thechildtalkstousasthough/ifhewereagrownup.那个孩子跟我们谈起话来像个成年人似的。③ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifIhad_done(do)it?打破窗户的是约翰。为什么你说得好像是我打破的似的？④Hehascollectedallhisbelongingsasifhewould_leave(leave)atonce.他已收拾好所有的东西，似乎马上就要走了。(3)asif/though引导的从句有时用省略形式。此时asnif后常接名词、介词短语、形容词、副词、现在分词、过去分词、不定式等。⑤Heactedasthough(hewere)afool.他做起事来像个傻瓜。⑥Heopenedhismouthasif(hewere)to_say(say)something.他张开嘴好像要说什么。3．IdecidedthatitwastimeIbecameanInternetuser.我觉得是我成为互联网用户的时候了。(1)Itwas/is(high/about)time(that)...“是该做……的时候了”。that从句中的谓语动词常用动词过去式，也可用“should＋动词原形”。①It'sabouttime(that)youshoulddo/didcleaning.你该去打扫卫生了。(2)表示“到了该做某事的时候了”还可用句型：It'stime(forsb.)todosth.②It'stimeforyoutoprepareforthecomingfinalexam.＝It'stime(that)youprepared/should_prepare(prepare)forthecomingfinalexam.你该为即将来临的期末考试作准备了。(3)表示“某人第几次做某事”用句型：“Itis/wasthefirst(second,third...)timethat...”如果前面的be动词为is，则that从句用现在完成时；如果前面的be动词为was，则that从句用过去完成时。③ItisthefirsttimethatIhavespokentoaforeigner.这是我首次和一位外国人交谈。④IwasluckybecauseitwasthethirdtimethatIhad_visited_(visit)China.我很幸运，因为这是我第三次访问中国了。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Itistooseriousamatterto_be_taken(take)lightly.2．Theinjuredmanactedasifnothinghad_happened(happen)tohim.3．Wehadnoreasontosuspecthimoftryingtokillhimself.4．Itistimeyouhad/should_have(have)yourtemperaturetaken.5．Yearinyearout,heburiedhimself(he)inbooksandstudiedhard.Ⅱ.完成句子1．Theteacherofteninstructs_us_how_to_learn_English(指导我们如何学习英语)throughtheInternet.n2．Aside_from/Besides/In_addition_to_being_praised(除了受到表扬外),hereceivedalotofmoney.3．Johndidnotdistinguish_himself_as_a_student(他作为学生很受人青睐),buthewasactiveinclass.4．Frankly_speaking(坦率地说),howmanytimesdoyougotoKFCandMcDonaldseveryweek?5．Theyoftenlaid_off_workmen(解雇工人)duringbusinessdepression.一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Frankly(坦率地)speaking,Idon'tlikewhatyousaidaboutme.2．Thepolicesuspected(怀疑)thatBillhadrobbedthebankofthemoney.3．Thetwinsaresoalikethatnoonecandistinguish(辨别)onefromtheother.4．Oneofthemostimportantthingsthatateachershoulddoisinstruct(指导)thestudentsonhowtolearn.5．Manymenwereburied(埋葬)whentherewasanaccidentatthemine.6．Women'ssocialstatus(地位)haschangedmuchovertheyears.7．Idon'tfeelsecure(安全的)whenIamaloneinthehouse.8．Trytosimplify(简化)yourexplanationtomakeyourselfunderstoodbetter.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Becarefultoobeythemanufacturer'swashinginstructions(instruct)．2．Mydeskmatesuspectedhimofhavingtakenthepen.3．ItishightimethatI_should_say/said(say)goodbyetoyouallasamemberofthiscompany.4．Hetalksgladlyasthough/ifhewould/could/might_be(be)ourmonitor.5．Hewisheditwouldvanishandleavehimburied(bury)inthedarkness.6．Lauradistinguishedherself(she)byherperformanceintheexaminationatthecity'sleadingschool.7．Frankly(frank)speaking,thepriceofthisbagisalittlehigh.8．Hesaidthatitwasthefirsttimethathehad_met(meet)suchastrangeperson.Ⅲ.选词填空nbreakout，takepartin，inperson，franklyspeaking，asidefrom，setup，goblank，layoff1．Aside_fromthenecessaryclothes,Ialsocarriedacamera.2．HehappenedtobeinEnglandwhenthewar_broke_outandhejuststayedon.3．Weallhadtotake_part_inthetrainingrun,withnobodyexcepted.4．WhenIheardtheshockingnews,mymindwent_blank.5．Thecompanywasdeeplyindebtandsomeemployeeswerelaid_off.6．Willyouapplyforthepositionbyletterorin_person?7．Frankly_speaking,_Ididnotlikeit,either.However,Ihadtocookmyself.8．Hewantstoset_upaprofitmakingcompany,ownedmostlybytheuniversity.Ⅳ.课文语法填空SunWenis28yearsoldandhehasasecurefulltimejob.Heisabout1.to_take(take)hisBachelor'sDegreeinComputerEngineeringby2.distance(distant)learningthoughhefailedhiscollegeentranceexam.Inthepast,ifsomeonehadfailed3.to_get(get)intouniversitythroughthecollegeexam,he4.would_have_had(have)nochanceofgettingadegree.5.Butit'sdifferentnow.SunWengavehimself6.asecondchancebystudyingforadegreeintheeveningsandonweekends.It'snevertoolatetolearn.MsTang7.was_laid(lay)offbythecompany.Hermindwentblankandherheartswelledwithanger.Shefeltasifshe8.had_done(do)somethingwrong!Later,shedecidedtodoabusinesscourseandshehaslearntsomanynewskillsandhasalreadypreparedabusinessplanforsetting9.upherownexportcompany.GrandpaChenis75yearsold.HebegantoemailandusetheInternet10.withthehelpofhisgrandson.NowheisdoinganEnglishcourseontheInternet.Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达自从大学毕业(graduatefrom)后，他在北京的一家大公司工作。在业余时间里，他除了(asidefrom)进行远程学习(distancelearning)外，还参加了一项英语培训课程。他努力学习的目的是让自己不会被解雇(layoff)。由于他的努力工作，他很快就得到了提升(getpromoted)。Aftergraduatingfromcollege,heworkedinabigcompanyinBeijing.Asidefromndistancelearning,hedidanEnglishcourseinhissparetime.Hestudiedhardsoasnottobelaidoff.Becauseofhishardwork,hegotpromotedsoon.二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧Ⅰ.完形填空Afriendlyconversationwithahotelstrangersoonturnedintoaninformativeandinspiringconversationwithafriendlygentleman.George,anIndianAmerican,wasoncelivinginthesame__1__withmyfamily.Hewasableto__2__wordsofwisdomthatbrought__3__intoourlives.Georgeaskedmeaboutmyschooling,andwas__4__toknowIwasanenthusiasticreaderand__5__.Heencouragedmetowrite—writeaboutanything,butjusttodoit！“Thatisthe__6__withtoday'ssociety，”heexplained.“Wedon'tliketoreadthings,__7____they'reforpleasure.Readingforpleasureisgood.Butreadingforfactscanchangeandchallengeand__8__ideasand,mostimportantly,people.”WhenIthinkaboutwhyIwrite.Iamalwaysattractedtothe__9__ideasthatGeorgetalkedabout.ItellmyselfIwritebecauseIwanttohelpothers__10__newideas,newperspectives(视角),newandchallengingexperiences.Buthowdowereally__11__that?Howdoweput__12__intoaction—oratleastgivewordsthe__13__toinspireactionsfromalldifferentkindsofreaders?“Wethinkaboutourwords，”George__14__.“Wethinkabouthowwordsinspiredifferentideas,andwechoosethem__15__tochangewhichlinksareformed.”George'spassion(热爱)forpeopleandwordsinspiredmetobemoreaware,present,andhonestaboutmywords.George__16__metomakefriendswithpeoplefromalldifferentcultures,andtoconsidervariouspeopleandperspectiveswhen__17__ideasandopinions,fordoingso“allowsusto__18__thewholehumanexperience.”George'sapproachtowritingandinvolvingothersinconversationinspiredmetotakeanobjectivestepbackand__19__whyIwriteandhowIwrite.Ichallengeyoutodothesame.Areyoudeepeningtheworld'shunger,orareyou__20__tofeeditsintellectual(智力的)needsanddesiresforhumanconnection?语篇解读：本文是记叙文。在旅馆遇到的一位陌生人激励我继续写作。1．A.apartment　　　　　　　　B．townC．hotelD．hospital解析：选C　由上文中的“Afriendlyconversationwithahotelstranger”可知，George曾经与“我”一家住在同一家“旅馆(hotel)”。2．A.keepB．sharenC．receiveD．collect解析：选B　由下文的描述可知，George给“我”“分享(share)”了写作的智慧。3．A.lightB．prideC．confusionD．convenience解析：选A　由下文的描述可知，George的话为我们的生活带来“光明(light)”。4．A.curiousB．surprisedC．readyD．delighted解析：选D　由下文中的“knowIwasanenthusiasticreader”可知，George得知“我”是一位热情的读者后很“开心(delighted)”。5．A.speakerB．writerC．editorD．publisher解析：选B　由下文的描述可知，“我”是一位“作家(writer)”。6．A.difficultyB．caseC．problemD．challenge解析：选C　由下文中的“Wedon'tliketoreadthings”可知，这就是当今社会的“问题(problem)”。7．A.unlessB．whenC．ifD．because解析：选A　由文中的描述可知，“我们不喜欢读书，‘除非(unless)’是为了消遣。”8．A.discussB．inspireC．testD．develop解析：选B　由下文中的“inspireactionsfromalldifferentkindsofreaders”可知，为获取事实的阅读能够改变、挑战和“激发(inspire)”思想，最重要的是可以激发人。9．A.greatB．crazyC．oldD．traditional解析：选A　由下文中的“George'sapproachtowriting...inspiredme”可知，每当“我”思考“我”为何写作时，“我”都会想起George谈论的“伟大的(great)”思想。10．A.fromB．againstC．throughD．upon解析：选C　由该空后的“newideas,newperspectives,newandchallengingexperiences”可知，“我”写作是为了“通过(through)”新思想、新观点、新的具有挑战性的经历去帮助别人。11．A.learnB．showC．expectD．achieven解析：选D　由下文中的“Howdowe...inspireactionsfromalldifferentkindsofreaders？”可知，我们如何真正“实现(achieve)”这一点呢？12．A.lessonsB．wordsC．messagesD．values解析：选B　由该空后的“givewords...toinspireactions”可知，我们如何将“文字(words)”付诸实践？13．A.timeB．wayC．chanceD．power解析：选D　或者给文字激发不同读者的“力量(power)”。14．A.describedB．complainedC．explainedD．admitted解析：选C　由上文提出来的问题以及本段的描述可知，这是George的“解释(explained)”。15．A.bravelyB．patientlyC．naturallyD．carefully解析：选D　由文中的描述可知，我们应该“认真(carefully)”选择所用的文字。16．A.promisedB．remindedC．allowedD．encouraged解析：选D　由文中的描述可知，George“鼓励(encouraged)”“我”与来自不同文化的人交朋友。17．A.expressingB．havingC．examiningD．improving解析：选A　由该空后的“ideasandopinions”可知，在“表达(expressing)”想法和观点时考虑不同的人和观点。18．A.changeB．rememberC．recognizeD．understand解析：选D　由文中的描述可知，这样做能让我们“了解(understand)”整个人类的经验。19．A.imagineB．compareC．considerD．realize解析：选C　由上文中的“takeanobjectivestepback”以及该空后的“whyIwriteandhowIwrite”可知，此处指“我”“思考(consider)”自己为什么写作以及如何写作的问题。20．A.askingB．helpingC．failingD．risking解析：选B　由上下文的描述可知，作者提出问题：“你是在加深世界的饥饿，还是在‘帮助(helping)’满足人们对知识的渴求和对建立人类联系的渴望？”Ⅱ.短文改错Afewyearsbefore,JackandIhadaquarreloverscoreinafootballmatch.nFromthenon,wedidn'tspeaktoeachotheranymore.Oneday,whenIwasstandingbyatreeread,aballflewtomeandIkickeditbackwithlookingattheplayer,butwhenIputupmyhead,IfounditwasJack.Seenhim,Iwasfeelingveryembarrassing.However,hewassmiledtome,soIsmiledeither.Thenwebegantomakeupfor.Thiswaythewallsbetweenusweretorndownwithasmilebutwebecamegoodfriendsagain.答案：第一句：before→ago;score前加a第三句：read→reading;with→without第四句：Seen→Seeing;embarrassing→embarrassed第五句：smiled→smiling;either→too第六句：去掉for第七句：but→and