2018_2019学年高中英语module4whichenglish课下能力提升十三外研版 4页

课下能力提升(十三)阅读理解AIn1957,MaxVernonMathewswrotethefirstcomputerprogramcalledMusic,whichenabledacomputertocreatesoundandplayitback.HewasthenworkingasanengineeratBellLaboratoriesinNewJersey.ItenabledalargeIBMcomputertoplayaseventeensecondpieceofmusichehadwritten.Thecomputerwassoslowthatittookanhourtoplaytheseventeensecondpieceofmusic.SoMathewsmovedtheworktoatapeplayertoplaythemusicatanormalspeed.Helatersaidthatthesoundqualityofthemusicalnoteswasnotgreat,butthetechnicalimportanceofthemusicwashuge.ThesciencefictionwriterArthurC.ClarkevisitedBellLaboratoriesinthe1960s.Heheardacomputer“sing”thesongDaisyBellondevices(设备)andlearnedabouttheprogramsdevelopedbyMathewsandotherengineers.Clarkenotedthistechnologyinhisbook2001:ASpaceOdyssey,whichwaslatermadeintoamovie.MathewscontinuedcreatingotherversionsoftheMusicprogram.Hebecameinterestedinhowcomputerscouldhelpmusiciansoutsiderecordingstudios.TheGrooveprogramhedevelopedwasthefirstcomputerprogrammadeforliveperformances.HealsodevelopedanelectronicdevicehecalledtheRadioBaton,whichlooksliketwodrumsticks.Itenablestheusertocontrolthespeedandsoundlevelsoforchestralmusic(管弦乐)playedonacomputerbymovingthetwosticksonaspecialelectronicsurface.Mathewssaidhebelievedmodernmusicianswerenotmakingfulluseofthepowerofcomputermusic.Hesaidaviolinalwayssoundslikeaviolin.ButwithhisMusic,thewayaviolinsoundsisunlimited.Hedidnotwantcomputersoundstoreplacelivemusic,buthehopedcomputerswouldonedaybeconsideredseriousinstruments.语篇解读：本文是记叙文。MaxVernonMathews把音乐与计算机结合起来，创造了魅力无穷的计算机音乐。1．WhydidClarkevisitBellLaboratories?A．Tomakehisbookintoamovie.B．TohelpMathewsdevelopMusic.C．Tosatisfyhisowncuriosityaboutmusic.D．Togathermaterialsforhisliterarycreation.解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第三段可知，Clarke在他的一本书里涉及了Mathews的电子音乐技术。由此可推知，Clarke主要是为文学创作获取素材才去参观BellLaboratories的。2．WhatelectronicmusictoolsdidMathewscreate?A．Somethingusedtorecordlivemusic.B．Somethingusedtocreatespecialsound.C．Somethingusedtoimprovecomputermusic.D．Somethingusedtocreatecomputermusic.解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第五段可知，制作计算机音乐时，RadioBaton可以用来控制管弦乐的速度、声级等，能改进音乐。3．WhatdoesMathewsthinkofhisMusic?A．Itismorepleasanttotheear.B．Itcanhelpmakemoresounds.nC．Itwillfinallyreplacetheviolin.D．Itismorepopularthanlivemusic.解析：选B　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，一般小提琴发出的声音就是那一种，用Mathews的Music可以让它的声音有无数种，即他的Music能帮助发出更多声音。4．WhatcanwelearnaboutMathews?A．Heisthefatherofcomputermusic.B．Hiscreationsucceededonthefirsttry.C．HewroteMusictoreplaceinstruments.D．Hechangedthefunctionsofcomputers.解析：选A　推理判断题。根据全文可知，是Mathews首先创造了计算机音乐，并进而发展出一系列与音乐相关的电子产品，在音乐界掀起了一场革命，故他是计算机音乐之父。BTherearemanywordsuniquetoAustralianEnglish.Ortotrot?IcameacrossthatwordwhilestudyingataschoolinNorthHead,Manly,NewSouthWales,Australia,in1974.Itislocalslang(俚语)forAreyouready(togo)?anditwasderivedfromthesoundofacarriagepullinghorse.AtSydneyAirport,Iaskedthewaytothetrainstationandhetoldme，“Goaskthatblokeoverthere.”BlokeisusedinAustraliaandreferstoaperson.Dayanddiesoundalmostalikeandsince“a”，“i”and“o”allsoundalmostthesame,Ihavealwaystoldmyfriends,jokingly,thattheyonlyneed24letters,andnot26liketherestforus.AustralianEnglishbegandivergingfromBritishEnglishin1788.In1827PeterCunningham,inhisbookTwoYearsinNewSouthWales,reportedthatnativebornwhiteAustraliansspokewithadistinctiveaccentandvocabulary.AustralianEnglishhasmanywordsthatsomeconsideruniquetothelanguage.Oneofthebestknownisoutback,meaningafarawayarea.Anotheristhebush,meaningeitheranativeforest.BushisawordofDutchorigin:“Bosch”.However,bothtermshavebeenwidelyusedinmanyEnglishspeakingcountries.EarlysettlersfromEnglandbroughtothersimilarwords,phrasesandusagestoAustralia.Bonzer,whichwasonceacommonAustralianslangwordmeaning“great”or“beautiful”，isthoughttohavebeenanAmericanterm.Sincethe1950s,theAmericaninfluenceonlanguageinAustraliahascomefrompopculture.AustralianEnglishismostsimilartoNewZealandEnglishfortheirsimilarhistory.WordsofIrishoriginareused,someofwhicharealsocommonelsewhereintheIrish,suchastuckerfor“food”，aswellasoneortwonativeEnglishwordswhosemeaningshavechangedunderIrishinfluence,suchaspaddockfor“field”，whichhasexactlythesamemeaningastheAustralianpaddock.5．ThemainpurposeofParagraph2istoshow________.A．theauthorwasn'tfamiliarwithAustralianEnglishB．theauthorfounditdifficulttounderstandAustraliansC．manyAustralianEnglishwordsareuniqueD．Australiansarequitefriendlytoforeigners解析：选C　推理判断题。作者在本段举的两个例子都是为了说明澳大利亚英语有其独有的词汇。6．WhydidthewritertellhisfriendsAustraliansonlyneed24letters?A．BecauseAustraliansspeakveryeasyEnglish.B．BecauseAustraliansneveruse“a”or“i”．C．Becausethereare3lettershavingalmostthesamepronunciation.nD．Becausetherearedifferentwaystocallthesamething.解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段前半句可知，作者之所以认为澳大利亚人只需要24个字母，是因为在澳大利亚英语中“a”，“i”和“o”这三个字母的发音很相似。7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“diverging”inParagraph4mean?A．Drawingapart.　　　　B．Holdingback.C．Wakingup.D．Mixingup.解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据下文所述，澳大利亚英语有了自己本土的、独特的口音和词汇。由此可以推知，此处指澳大利亚英语从英国英语中分离了出来，故A项“分离”符合题意。8．Fromthepassage,wecanknowthat________.A．thenativelanguageofAustraliaisEnglishB．thefirstsettlerscametoAustraliain1827C．AmericanpopcultureplaysapartinAustralianEnglishD．PeterCunninghamwenttovisitAustraliainthe1850s解析：选C　细节理解题。根据文章第五段倒数第二句可知，美国的流行文化影响了澳大利亚英语。CEnglishsongshavebeenverypopularforpeoplearoundtheworldformanydecades.Singers，fromElvisPresleytoRickyMartin，fromtheBeatlestoEminenandfromNatalieColetoBritneySpears,haveallbeensittingineveryone'sheart,evenforpeoplewhodon'tspeakEnglish.ButwillyouhavebetterEnglishskillsifyoulistentoEnglishsongsforalongtime?Frommyexperiences,somepeoplelistentoEnglishsongsfor20－30yearsbutstillhaven'taccomplishedanygoodEnglishskills.SomepeoplechooseEnglishsongstobethe“mainlearningapproach”，butmostofthemhavefailed.ListeningtoEnglishsongsdoesnothelpyoutospeakEnglishfluently.Itdoeshelpyougainsomevocabularies.Mostofthemareunusualonesthatyoudon'tuseinyoureverydaylife.Youwon'tlearnthesentence“Itisacomplicateproject.Wereallyneedtomeetthedeadline.”inanyEnglishsongs.PeoplelikeusingEnglishsongstopracticeEnglishskillsbecauseit'seasyandenjoyable.TheythinkthatsittinginthecarlisteningtoEnglishsongsdaybydaycanimprovetheirEnglishskills.Itisnotthatactually.Youwillnotimproveyourlisteningskillsbecausenormalpeopledon'tspeakwithmelody(乐调).Peopledon'ttalklikeEminen'ssongs(well,actually,someteenagersdo)．Youcan'tgetyourselffamiliarwithEnglishpronunciationoraccentjustfromlisteningtoEnglishsongs.Thewordsthattheypronounceinthesongsarenotthewordsthatyouwillhearinyoureverydaylife.ItoftenevenconfusesyoumorehowEnglishispronounced.IwouldfullyencourageyoutowatchEnglishmovies,listentoradionewsorothernormaltalks,butnotmusic.Ofcourse,youcanconsumeitforfunbutnottheaimtoimproveyourEnglishskills.语篇解读：本文是议论文。作者认为“通过听英语歌曲来提高英语技能”这一做法是不可行的。文中阐述了具体原因，并给出了建议——看电影或听新闻广播会帮助提高英语技能。9．What'sthetextmainlyabout?A．HowEnglishsongshelppeoplepracticeEnglishskills.B．WhohasmadeEnglishsongspopularallovertheworld.C．Whypeoplewon'timprovetheirEnglishbylisteningtoEnglishsongs.D．WherepeoplecanfindgoodEnglishsongstopracticetheirEnglishskills.解析：选C　主旨大意题。通过对全文的理解可知，作者认为“通过听英语歌曲来提高英语技能”的做法是不可行的，文中具体论述了这个做法不可行的原因。故选C。n10．EnglishsongsarehelpfulforEnglishlearnersiftheywantto________.A．speakEnglishfluentlyB．enlargetheirvocabulariesC．improvetheirlisteningskillsD．learntoexpressthemselvesindailylife解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段第一、二句可知，听英语歌曲不会帮助你流利地说英语，但是它确实可以帮助你增加词汇量。故选B。11．Whichofthefollowingwon'tprobablyappearinEnglishsongs?A．Countryroad,takemehome.B．EverynightIseeyou,Ifeelyou.C．It'snotabigbigthingifyouleaveme.D．Weneedtomeetthedeadlinethoughit'stough.解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，你不会在任何英语歌曲中学习到类似“这是一个复杂的项目。我们真的需要在最后期限之前完成。”这样的句子。故选D。12．Wecanlearnfromthetextthat________.A．worldfamoussingershavedonealottohelppeoplelearnEnglishB．watchingEnglishmoviesorlisteningtoradionewscanbeagreathelpC．EnglishsongsgetpeoplefamiliarwithEnglishpronunciationoraccentD．mostpeoplewhoenjoyEnglishsongsintheircarspeakEnglishverywell解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知，作者十分鼓励人们通过看英语电影、听广播新闻或其他正常的对话来练习英语口语而不是听音乐。故选B。