（全国版）高考英语unit3theworldofcoloursandlight单元话题语篇训练——阅读理解组块专练 8页

Unit3Theworldofcoloursandlight单元话题语篇训练——阅读理解组块专练（练速度）Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2019·福州质检)We'reHiringShiftWorkersforOurProductionPlantLookingforacareerwithacompanythatvaluesitsemployees,andpromotesthemfromwithin?ThenBlackCatBladesisthecompanyforyou!CuttingOperatorsCNCOperatorsHeatTreatOperatorsFulltrainingprovided,startingatD|S14.50perhour,withthepotentialtomovetoD|S18.16inoneyear.WealsorequireaSkilledWelder(焊接工),towork12hourrotatingshifts(轮班)inourcuttingdepartment.Thesuccessfulcandidatemustbearegisteredjourneyman(熟练工)withintheProvinceofAlbertaorwithaRedSeal.Weofferagreatbenefitpackage,includinghealthandRRSPs.Numerousmotivations:ProfitSharing,PayforYearsofService,FitnessProgramAllowance,andfunsocialeventsforyouandyourfamily.Applyinperson,andwe'lltakeyouonatourofourproductionequipmentorforwardyourpersonalinformationbyfaxoremail.BlackCatBladesLtd.HR@blackcatblades.com5604－59St.,Edmonton,ABT6B3C3Fax:(780)465－9595语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一家公司的招工广告。1．Whatisthemostattractiveaboutthecompany?A．Chargedtraining.　　B．Desirablewelfare.C．Workingtime.D．Freetravelling.解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Weofferagreatbenefitpackage,includinghealthandRRSPs”可知，这家公司最吸引人的地方是它提供非常好的福利待遇(agreatbenefitpackage)，故选B“Desirablewelfare”(理想的福利)。2．Whocanbeadmittedasaskilledwelder?A．Anexperiencedoperator.nB．ApersonwithoutaRedSeal.C．AregisteredjourneymaninAlberta.D．AclerkfromBlackCatBlades.解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Thesuccessfulcandidatemustbearegisteredjourneyman(熟练工)withintheProvinceofAlbertaorwithaRedSeal”可知，本题答案为C。3．Howmanykindsofworkdoesthecompanyoffer?A．Three.B．Four.C．Five.D．Six.解析：选B　细节理解题。根据文章中的“CuttingOperators,CNCOperators,HeatTreatOperators”和“aSkilledWelder(焊接工)”可知本题答案为B。B(2019·武汉调研)WhenIgraduatedfromtheUniversityofIowalastyear,Ididsomethingmyfriendsdidnotunderstand.IleftIowa,whereIhadfriendsandstability,toliveonasmallhouseboatnearSanFrancisco.Atschool,Ihadfoundajobdrivingaschoolbussopeopleasked,“Whyonearthareyouleaving？”Well,atgraduationIwaspresentedwithtwothings—adegreeinpsychologyandaquestion.Itwasthesameonethatmanyinmygenerationgot：“WhatdoIdonow？”Itwasasdifficultasitwascommon.That'sbecausemanypeopleatmyagewereraisedwiththesamewords,repeatedoverandoverbyparents,teachersandTV,that“youcanbewhateveryouwanttobe”.Asayoungboy,everytimewhenIwaspuzzledaboutmyfuture,theywouldsaythattheywouldbehappyifIwashappy.However,whatIneededwasconcreteadvicebutnotavagueidea,forexample,“beadoctor,orbeabusdriver”．Myexperiencewasbynomeansuniversal.ManyAmericansaretaughtbytheirparentsthattheonlypurposeinlifeistoattainmoneyandpower.Asagoal,thisseemsmucheasierandclearerthanfinding“happiness”or“gentleness”.Theresultofthisupbringingisthatmanyofmyclassmatesdidnotspecializeinanyparticularskill,ratherassumingthatsomethingwouldmagicallyhappentoovercometheirproblems.Theyoftengetarealshockwhentheyenterthe“realworld”andfindthattheiroptionsareverylimited.Manyofmyfriendshavetakenjobsaswaitersorcooksaftergraduating,orhavemovedbackinwiththeirparents.Mylifeontheboatishardattimes,especiallyduringstorms.Butthisismynsmallattempttobehappyonmyown.I'mnotbuyingintomynation'sideaoflimitlesspossibilitiesbecauseIfeelthatstopsthegrowthofmanyoftoday'syouth.语篇解读：本文是文化教育类夹叙夹议文。作者用自身的经历指出当今美国的一个社会问题：青少年需要父母更为具体的引导和教育，让他们知道自己将来具体想要做什么，而不是简单地告诉他们“成为你想成为的人”。4．Whywerethefriendsconfusedaboutthewriter'sleaving?A．Hewastiredofdriving.B．Hesuddenlyquitschool.C．Hewouldlosehisfriends.D．Hewouldleadachanginglife.解析：选D　推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“Ididsomethingmyfriendsdidnotunderstand.IleftIowa,whereIhadfriendsandstability,toliveonasmallhouseboatnearSanFrancisco”可知，作者离开了艾奥瓦州，那里有他的朋友，有稳定的工作，但他去了旧金山附近的一个船屋，开始自己一种新的生活，他的朋友们对他的这种做法很不理解，故答案选D。5．WhatdoesthewriterthinkoftheguidancehegotfromAmericansociety?A．It'sspecific.B．It'swrong.C．It'sgeneral.D．It'scorrect.解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第二段内容，尤其是其中的“whatIneedwasconcreteadvicebutnotavagueidea”可知，作者想要的是具体的建议，故可推知他认为他得到的指导是宽泛的，故答案选C。6．WhatdirectlycausedalotofAmericanstohavejobslowerthantheirexpectations?A．Theirachievablegoals.B．Thepracticalguidance.C．Beingshockedbytherealworld.D．Lackingprofessionalcompetence.解析：选D　细节理解题。文章第三段最后一句“Manyofmyfriendshavetakenjobsaswaitersorcooksaftergraduating,orhavemovedbackinwiththeirparents”提到我的很多朋友在毕业后都当了服务生或厨师，或者搬回去跟父母住在一起，上文分析了导致这种情况的原因“Theresultofthisupbringingisthatmanyofmyclassmatesdidnotspecializeinanyparticularskill”，也就是说，父母的这种教育方式导致很多孩子没有去认真学习专业技能。故答案选D。7．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?nA．StaywhereyouareB．BewhateveryouwanttobeC．BlindfaithinindustrialsocietyD．Mistakenbeliefinlimitlesspossibilities解析：选D　标题归纳题。文章主要阐述了作者指出当前美国的一个社会问题：父母没有给孩子提出具体的、明确的建议，教育其孩子把钱和权力当成了生活的唯一目标，这导致很多孩子没有去认真学习专业技能，在走上社会之后受到了影响，只能去做一些很低层次的工作。根据最后一段中的“I'mnotbuying...today'syouth”可知，作者批评了这种教育方式，并且不再相信美国社会的“无限可能”的信念。所以答案选D。C(2019·陕西适应性考试)It'seasytokeepyouragingbrainasquickasitwasincollege.Useawebsitefullofbraingamesordownloadtherightapps,andwithin20minutesyou'llbedoingyourparttosharpenyourmemoryandslowthedeclineofyourmentalfunctions.Atleastthat'swhatthecompaniesbehindthisboomingindustrywouldhaveyoubelieve.Butisittrue?Concreteproofaboutthebenefitsofbraingamesishardtocomeby,expertssay,whenitcomestomeasurablyimprovingaspectsofmentalfitness,likehavingagoodmemory.“Peoplewouldreallylovetobelievetheycoulddosomethinglikethisandmaketheirbrainbetter,butthere'sjustnosolidevidence，”saysRandallW.Engle,aprimaryinvestigatorattheAttention&WorkingMemoryLabattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnology.That'snottosaybraingamesarewithoutbenefits.Expertssaythesekindsofmentalexercisescanchangeyourbrain.Thebrainchangeswithjustabouteverythingyoudo,includingmentaltrainingexercises.Butnumerousstudieshaveshownthatbraingameslackwhatresearcherscall“transfer”.Inotherwords,repeatingagameoverandoveragainteachesyouhowtoplaythegameandgetbetteratitbutyourbrainagingwon'tnecessarilycometoastop.“It'slike,youwalkthroughfreshsnow,andyouleaveatrace.Ifyouwalkthesamerouteagain,thetracegetsdeeperanddeeper，”saysUrsulaStaudinger,directoroftheButlerColumbiaAgingCenteratColumbiaUniversity.Thefactthatstructuralchangesoccurdoesnotimplythatingeneralthisbrainhasbecomemorecapable.Ithasbecomemorecapableofdoingexactlythetasksitwaspracticing.n语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文。据说脑力游戏可以提高记忆力和延缓大脑功能的衰退，但是研究表明，脑力游戏仅能提高玩家对游戏技巧的掌握，并不能真正阻止大脑的老化；其作用还有待证明。8．Wecaninferfromthefirstparagraphthat________.A．braingamesimprovethememoryB．brainagingactuallycanbequittedC．peopledon'tbelievebraingamesD．theauthordoubtstheeffectofbraingames解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句“Atleastthat'swhatthecompaniesbehindthisboomingindustrywouldhaveyoubelieve.Butisittrue？”可知，这个蓬勃发展的行业背后的公司会让人相信脑力游戏可以提高记忆力和延缓大脑功能的衰退，但作者对其真实性表示怀疑，故D项正确。9．WhatdoesEnglethinkofthefunctionsofbraingames?A．Theyreallymakesomedifference.B．Theireffectsstillneedproving.C．Peopleliketobeledbythenose.D．Peopledon'tbelievetheeffects.解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Peoplewouldreallylovetobelievetheycoulddosomethinglikethisandmaketheirbrainbetter,butthere'sjustnosolidevidence”可知，RandallW.Engle认为这种游戏的功能还有待证明，故B项正确。10．TheunderlinedwordinParagraph3mostprobablymeans“________”．A．stoppingthebrainagingB．havingthebrainworkingC．makingthebrainmorepassiveD．speedingupthebrainaging解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据第三段最后一句“Inotherwords,repeatingagameoverandoveragainteachesyouhowtoplaythegameandgetbetteratitbutyourbrainagingwon'tnecessarilycometoastop”可知，多次重复玩一个游戏，会让你更加熟练地操作游戏，但大脑老化并不能停止；结合画线词所在句可知，很多研究都表明脑力游戏不能使大脑停止老化，故A项正确。11．Whichcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．GamesStopBrainAgingB．UnavoidableBrainAgingC．Games'RolesNeedProvingD．GamesImproveYourBrainn解析：选C　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了能提高记忆力和延缓大脑功能衰退的脑力游戏，但是研究表明，这些游戏仅能提高玩家对游戏技巧掌握的能力，并不能真正阻止大脑的老化；游戏的作用还有待证明。据此可知，C项最适合作为本文的标题。D(2019·陕西质检)Manypeoplehavedifficultyingettingupinthemorning.Thismightbecalledlaziness,butDr.Kleitmanhasanewexplanation.Hehasprovedthateveryonehasadailyenergycycle.Duringthehourswhenyouwork,youmaysaythatyou're“hot”.That'strue.Thetimeofdaywhenyoufeelmostenergeticiswhenyourcycleofbodytemperatureisatitspeak(顶峰).Forsomepeoplethepeakcomesduringthemorning.Forothersitcomesintheafternoonorevening.Noonehasdiscoveredwhythisisso,butitleadstosuchfamiliarwordsas：“Getup,John!You'llbelateforworkagain！”ThepossibleexplanationforthetroubleisthatJohnisathistemperatureandenergypeakintheevening.Muchfamilyquarrellingendswhenhusbandsandwivesrealizewhattheseenergycyclesmean,andwhichcycleeachmemberofthefamilyhas.Youcan'tchangeyourenergycycle,butyoucanlearntomakeyourlifefititbetter.Habitcanhelp,Dr.Kleitmanbelieves.Maybeyou'resleepyintheeveningbutfeelyoumuststayuplateanyway.Ifso,stayinguplaterthanyouwanttomaycounteractyourcycleinsomeway.Ifourenergyislowinthemorningbutyouhaveanimportantjobtodoearlyintheday,risebeforeyourusualhour.Thiswon'tchangeyourcycle,butyou'llgetupsteamandworkbetteratyourlowpoint.Getofftoaslowstartwhichsavesyourenergy.Getupwithacomfortableyawnandstretch.Sitontheedgeofthebedforaminutebeforeputtingyourfeetonthefloor.Avoidthetroublesomesearchforcleanclothesbylayingthemoutthenightbefore.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了人体的能量循环，告诉人们最好在能量顶峰时期工作。12．Dr.Kleitmanexplainsthatapersonisdifficulttogetupinthemorningprobablybecauseof________.A．hisownlaziness　　　B．hisownenergycycleC．hisownhabitD．hisbadrestatnight解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“butDr.Kleitmanhasanewexplanation.Hehasprovedthateveryonehasadailyenergycycle”可知，Dr.Kleitmann认为一个人早上很难起床，可能是因为他有自己的能量循环。13．Accordingtothepassage,people'senergypeakmaycome________.A．inthemorningB．intheeveningC．intheafternoonD．atdifferenthours解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Forsomepeoplethepeak...intheafternoonorevening”可推知，人们的能量顶峰可能会在不同的时间出现。14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inthethirdparagraphreferto?A．Life.B．Goodhabit.C．Energycycle.D．Change.解析：选C　代词指代题。根据画线词上文中的“Youcan'tchangeyourenergycycle”的描述可知，此处代词it指代前面提到的能量循环。15．Ifthefindingistrue,it'sbestto________.A．doyourworkattheenergypeakB．managetocontrolyourtemperC．workatthebottomofenergycycleD．managetokeepyoucleanallday解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Duringthehourswhenyou...Thetimeofdaywhenyoufeelmostenergeticiswhenyourcycleofbodytemperatureisatitspeak(顶峰)”的描述可推知，如果这个发现是真的，那么最好在能量顶峰时期做你的工作。Ⅱ.阅读七选五(2019·石家庄模拟)HowtoBeaGoodTeamLeaderTeamworkisessentialinschool,sports,andgroupactivities.Beingagoodteamleaderinvolvesalotofskills,butknowinghowtorelatetoyourteamisoneofthemostimportantqualitiesagoodteamleadershouldhave.◇Showrespect.Asaleader,youwillsometimeshavetomakeadecisioninahurry.__16__You'dbetterexplainclearlywhyyoumadethedecisionandaskforfeedbackfromyourteam,whichshowsthatyouarealeaderwithrespect.◇__17__Ifsomepeoplearealittlebehindonaprojectortask,helpthem.Bepatientandspendsometimewiththeindividualtoassesswhythereisanissue.Inaddition,findataskforeveryonenomatterwhattheirskillorlevelis.__18__n◇Encourageyourteam.Sometimespeoplearescaredtotrysomething,andthisiswheretheleadercomesin.__19__It'smorelikelythatyourteamwillgetmotivatedandhavethejobdoneatlast.◇Recognizethepositiveresults.Acknowledgeyourteamforajobwelldone,evenifit'ssmall.Youdon'thavetorewardgoodworkwithapayraise.__20__Takingasecondortwotostopandthankyourteammakesadifference.Onceyoufollowthetipsmentionedabove,youwillmakeagoodteamleader.A．Includeeveryone.B．Keepapositiveattitude.C．Apayraisewillcheerupyourteam.D．Oralappreciationholdsalotofweight.E．Afterall,theyallwanttocontributeinsomeway.F．Showyourteamthatthetaskispossible,evenifdifficult.G．Butthismaynotalwaysbewhateveryoneinyourteamwants.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了四条成为优秀领导的原则。16．解析：选G　根据空处前后两句的句意可以判断，空处与前一句形成转折关系，表示这么做并非团队每个成员想要的，并引出后一句，故G项正确。17．解析：选A　根据空处所在的位置可知，空处是该段标题；由该段第二、三句可知，该段主要陈述要关注每个成员，故A项正确。18．解析：选E　根据空处前一句可知，要给所有人找到任务，不管他们的技能或水平是什么样的；据此可以判断，空处解释此举的原因，故E项(毕竟每个团队的成员都想以某种方式做出贡献)符合语境。19．解析：选F　根据该段的标题可知，要鼓励你的团队成员；结合空处后一句可知，你的团队成员很有可能被激励，从而最终完成工作；据此可以判断，空处承上启下，陈述激励的方式，故F项(向团队成员证明，即使任务很困难，也是可能完成的)符合语境。20．解析：选D　根据空处前一句可知，你无需为良好的工作表现加薪；据此可以判断，口头表扬会起到很大的作用，故D项与此处匹配。