2020届高考英语一轮复习高考题型雏练（一） 12页

高考题型雏练（一）ADon'tmissoutonstudentcompetitionsavailablefromNASA.Checkthispageoftenfornewadditions.   NASAEarth&SpaceAirPrize   Audience:HigherEducationStudents   RegistrationDeadline:Dec.13,2017   ThecompetitionasksindividualstodesignanddevelopsensorsusefulinspaceflightaswellasonEarth.Threefinalistswillreceive＄50,000eachtobuildafunctioningsensoraccordingtotheirsuggestions.Thewinnerwillreceivea$100,000award.   FutureEngineers:TwofortheCrewChallenge   Audience:K-12Students   RegistrationDeadline;Dec.19,2017   UseyourheadtocreateatoolthatcombinesthefunctionsoftwoobjectsalreadybeingusedbythecrewaboardtheInternationalSpaceStation!VisittheChallengewebsitetofindoutaboutspacestationtoolsandtogetbrainstormingresourcestohelpyoucreateadesign.Thesiteprovideslinkstofree3-Ddesignsoftware.Thewinningdesignwillbe3-Dprintedonthestation.Prizesinclude"3-DPrintinginSpace"prizeparks,a3-DprinterforyourschoolandatriptoWashington,D.C.!   MissionX2018:TrainlikeanAstronaut一WalktotheMoonChallenge   Audience:AllEducatorsandStudents,HomeSchoolParentsandAfter-SchoolGroups   RegistrationDeadline:Dec.31,2017   MissionXencourageschildrenofallagestoseekhealthylifestylesbasedontraininglikeanastronaut.In2018,MissionXischallengingfitexploresaroundtheworldtoworktogethertoperformactivitiesinwhichallwillmoveonlinemascotAstroCharliethe478millionstepsrequiredtowalkfromtheEarthtoiheMoon!nThat's238,857miles,or384,403kilometers!ThechallengestartsinJanuary.Visitthewebsiteforfullchallengedetails.1.Whatcanweknowaboutthe"NASAEarth&SpaceAir Prize"?A.Ithasafewlimitstotheparticipants.B.Itprovidesparticipantswithcashprizes.C.Itkicksoffintheyearof2018.D.ItprovidesparticipantswithatriptoWashington,D.C.2.Wherecanthistextprobablycomefrom?A.Asciencemagazine.B.Ajobbrochure.C.Aneducationwebsite.D.Atravelguide.3.What'sthemainideaofthetext?A.TocallonpeopletovisitNASA.B.Tostresstheimportanceofcreativity.C.TointroducesomethingaboutNASAcompetitions.D.TointroducethedevelopmentofNASA.BOneday,afarmerwaswalkingalongaroadwithhissonThomas.Thefathersaid,“Look!There’sahorseshoe.Pickitupandputitinyourbag.”Thomassaid,“Itisn’tworththetrouble.”Hisfathersaidnothingbuthepickedituphimself.Whentheygottoanearbytown,theyhadarest.Therethefarmersoldthehorseshoeandwiththefewpenniesheboughtsomecherries(樱桃).　　Thefatherandthesoncontinuedtheirway.Thesunwaswellupinthesky,andtherewasn’tahouseorevenatreewheretheycouldhavearest.Thomasfelttoothirstytowalkon.Atthistime,hisfatherdroppedacherryonthegroundandThomaspickeditupquicklyandateit.Afterawhile,hisfatherdroppedanothercherryandonceagain,hissonlostontimeinpickingitupandputtingitinhismouth.Andsotheywenton.Theoldfarmerdroppedthecherriesandthesonpickedthemup.WhenThomashadeatenupallthecherries,hisfathersaidtohim,“Mydrarnson,ifyouhadbent(弯腰)downearlytopickupthathorseshoe,itwouldnothavebeennecessaryforyoutobendsomanytimesforthecherries.Alwaysrememberthelessonthathewhodoesnotworryaboutthelittlethingswillfindthathecannotdothegreatthings.”1.Whopickedupthehorseshoeatlast?.A.ThesonB.Thefather　　C.BoththefatherandthesonD.Neitherthefathernortheson2.Thefarmerboughtwiththemoneyafterhesoldthehorseshoe.A.somebreadB.somewater　　C.comecherriesD.somepennies3.Whenthesonrefusedtopickupthehorseshoe,thefather.A.beatthesonB.saidnothing　　C.feltveryhappyD.becameveryangry4.Fromthestory,wecanlearnthat.A.cherriesaresodeliciousthatmostofusliketoeatthemB.ahorseshoeissoexpensivethatitcanbringusalotofmoneyC.ifwewanttoeatcherries,wemustpickupahorseshoeD.ifwedon’tworryaboutthelittlethings,wecannotdothegreatthingsCEarthquakesaresomethingthatpeoplefear.Therearesomeplacesthathavefewornoearthquakes.Mostplacesintheworld,however,havethemregularly(有规律地)).Countriesthathavealotofearthquakesareusuallyquitemountainous.TheearthquakewhichwastalkedaboutmostintheUnitedStateswasinSanFranciscoin1906.Over700peoplediedinit.ThestrongestoneinNorthAmericawasin1964.IthappenedinAlaska.Strongearthquakesarenotalwaystheonesthatkillthemostpeople.In1755,oneofthestrongestearthquakeseverrecordedwasfeltinPortugal.Around2,000peopledied.In1923,averystrongearthquakehitTokyo,theYo-kohamaareaofJapan.Onehundredandfortythousandpeopledied.Mostofthemdiedinfireswhichfollowedntheearthquake.OneoftheworstearthquakeseverwasinChinain1976.Itkilledalargenumberofpeople.TheworstearthquakeeverrecordedwasalsoinChina,inwhichabout80,000peoplewerekilledorinjured.Thisearthquakehappenedin2008.Earthquakesworrypeoplealot.Thereasonisthatweoftendonotknowwhentheyarecoming.Peoplecannotprepareforthem.1.Earthquakeshappen            .A.inalltheplacesintheworldB.onlyinthecountriesthathavealotofmountainsC.regularlyinmostplacesintheworldD.onlyinafewplacesalongthemountains2.Whenandwherewastheworstearthquakeeverrecorded?A.1964;Alaska.B.2008;ChinaC.1923;Japan.D.1976;China.3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Thestrongertheearthquakeis,themorepeoplearekilled.B.Earthquakescancausefires.C.Peoplestilldon’tknowwhenanearthquakewillcome.D.Earthquakesoftencomeunexpectedly(出乎意料地).4.Whatmaybetalkedaboutintheparagraphfollowed?A.Howdoearthquakesworrypeople?B.Whatwillpeopledotoprepareforearthquakes?C.Howcanwesavepeoplewhenearthquakeshappen?D.Howdoearthquakeshappen?DAnewstudyhasfoundthatsocialmediacouldbeaffectingthesleepofyoungadults.   ThestudyisaprojectofresearchersattheUniversityofPittsburgh'sSchoolofMedicine.Theyfoundthatyoungpeoplewhooftenusesocialmediaaremorelikelytosufferfromsleepdisordersthanthosewhousesocialmedialess.Theresearcherssaydoctorsshouldaskyoungadultsabouttheiruseofsocialmediawhentreatingnsleepissues.   “Thisisoneofthefirstpiecesofevidencethatsocialmediausereallycaninfluenceyoursleep.”saidJessicaCLevenson.Shewastheleadauthorofareportonthestudy.   Theresearcherssetouttoexaminetheconnectionbetweensocialmediauseandsleepamongyoungadults..Levensonnotedthattheseyoungadultsarepossiblythefirst“generationtogrowupwithsocialmedia.”   TheresearcherswantedtofindouthowoftenyoungpeopleusedsocialmediasiteslikeFacebook,Twitter,CreditandTumbler.Forthestudy,theygavequestionnairestonearly1,800adults,aged19to32.Onaverage,membersofthestudygroupusedsocialmediasitesonehouraday.Theyalso"visitedvarioussocialmedia30timesperweek.”   Thirtypercentofthestudy'sparticipantsreportedhavingseriousproblemswithsleeping.Thosepeoplewhousedsocialmediaalotwerethreetimesmorelikelytohaveasleepdisorder.Andthosewhospentthemosttimeonsocialmediaweretwotimesaslikelytosufferfromsleepdisturbances.   Levensonsaidthenumberoftimesapersonvisitssocialmediaisabetterpredictorofsleepproblemsthanoveralltimespentonsocialmedia.Ifthisistrue,sheadds,thenpracticesthatstopsuchbehaviorsmaybethemosteffective.1.What'sthemainideaofthetext?A.Theresearchersfocusonsocialmedia.B.Theresearchersmanagetohandlesleepproblems.C.Socialmediaaffectssleep.D.Doctorstreatyoungpatients.2.Whentreatingsleepproblems,doctorsareadvisedto________________.A.offersomeadviceaboutgivingupsocialmediaB.askthepatientsaboutyoungadults’useofsocialmediaC.giveyoungadultssomemedicineD.askaboutthepatients'livingconditions3.Howdidtheresearchersmainlycarryoutthestudy?A.Bydoingonlineresearch.B.Bydoingquestionnaires.C.Bycollectingpublisheddata.D.Bygivinganexample.n4.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Menaremorelikelytosufferfromasleepdisorderthanwomen.B.Peopleoftenusingsocialmediaarelesslikelytohaveasleepdisorder.C.Usingcomputerslesshelpsavoidsleepproblemscompletely.D.Sleepproblemscanbedeterminedbythetimesofapersonvisitingsocialmedia.5、   Somepeoplelearnasecondlanguageeasily.Otherpeoplehavetroublelearninganewlanguage.Howcanyouhelpyourselflearnanewlanguage,suchasEnglish?①__________◆Bepatient.   Youdonothavetounderstandeverythingallatonce.②__________Wecanlearnfromourmistakes.◆PracticeyourEnglish.   Forexample,writeinajournal(日记)everyday.YouwillgetusedtowritinginEnglish,andyouwillfeelcomfortableexpressingyourideasinEnglish.Afterseveralweeks,youwillseethatyourwritingisimproving.③__________Youcanpracticewithyourclassmatesoutsideclass.Youwillallmakemistakes,butgraduallyyouwillbecomecomfortablecommunicatinginEnglish.◆④__________   Ifyoubelievethatyoucanlearn,youwilllearn.◆Keeparecordofyourlanguagelearning.   Aftereachclass,thinkaboutwhatyoudid.Didyouansweraquestioncorrectly?Didyouunderstandsomethingtheteacherexplained?Perhapsthelessonwasdifficult,butyoutriedtounderstandit.⑤__________◆BepositiveaboutlearningEnglishandbelievethatyoucandoit.   Itisimportanttopracticeeverydayandmakearecordofyourachievements.YouwillenjoylearningEnglish,andyouwillhavemoreconfidenceinyourself.A.Writetheseachievements(成就)inyourjournal.B.Besides,youmustspeakEnglisheveryday.C.Makingmistakesisanunavoidablepartinyourlife.nD.ThereareseveralwaystomakelearningEnglishalittleeasierandmoreinteresting.E.Shareyourachievementwithyourparentsandfriends.F.Feelconfident(有自信心的)aboutlearningEnglish.G.Itisnaturalforyoutomakemistakeswhenyoulearnsomethingnew6、根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。   InChina,itisquiteusualtoaskpeopleabouttheirage.However,thisquestionisoftenregardedas    1    intheWest.Thisisquitetrueof    2   ,andevenmoresoiftheinquirer(询问者)isaman.However,itisvery    3    toaskchildrenabouttheirage.Sinceitisnotasecretforthem,theydon’t    4    atall.Infact,some    5    peoplearequitehappytotalkabouttheirage,   6    iftheyfeeltheylookyoungfortheirage.However,itisnotvery    7    toaskadirectquestionlike“Howoldareyou?”   8    elderlypeoplewanttotalkabouttheirage,andperhapsreceive    9    onhowyoungtheylook,theymayeasilybringupthetopic(话题)by    10    andasktheotherto    11    howoldtheyare.Insucha   12   ,itisquiteacceptabletodiscussage   13   .Theynormallyexpecttobecomplimented(恭维)ontheiryouthfulnessratherthantobe    14    thattheylookveryold.   Eventhough    15    donotusuallyaskpeopledirectlyhowoldtheyare,thisdoesnot    16    thattheyarenotinterestedtoknowhowoldotherpeopleare.Theymayasksomeoneelseforthe   17   ,ortheymaytrytobringupthetopic   18   ,sometimesdiscussionsabouteducationalbackgroundandthenumberofyearsofworking    19    mayprovidesomeclues(线索).Ofcourse,noteveryone    20    that,sotheyasklittleaboutage.n1.A.simple    B.impolite    C.difficult    D.important2.A.friends    B.speakers    C.children    D.women3.A.funny    B.helpful    C.normal    D.necessary4.A.mind    B.regret    C.expect    D.promise5.A.old    B.honest    C.young    D.strong6.A.finally    B.probably    C.generally    D.especially7.A.quick    B.wise    C.stupid    D.lucky8.A.Before    B.Since    C.If    D.Although9.A.praise    B.doubt    C.news    D.instruction10.A.myself    B.yourself    C.ourselves    D.themselves11.A.guess    B.decide    C.answer    D.explain12.A.world    B.family    C.situation    D.sentence13.A.secretly    B.freely    C.quietly    D.seriously14.A.told    B.warned    C.taught    D.shown15.A.guests    B.strangers    C.villagers    D.westerners16.A.agree    B.mean    C.prove    D.include17.A.advice    B.support    C.information    D.knowledge18.A.recently    B.suddenly    C.immediately    D.indirectly19.A.environment    B.experience    C.population    D.relationship20.A.knowsabout    B.liveswith    C.caresabout    D.dealswith7、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Mike:Hey,Jack.Howareyoudoing?Jack:Justfine.I'mtryingtomakefriends.Couldyougivemesome1.____(suggest)?Mike:I'dloveto.Asweknow,atruefriendissomeonewhoisalways2._____(concern)aboutyouJack:Yes.AndhecanalsocheermeupwhenI'mupsetandcalmmedownwhenImangry.Mike:I3.______(entire)agreewithyouJack:Ihaveonemorequestion,though.Mike:Goahead.I'dbehappy4._____(show)youhowtomakenewfriends.nJack:Iwonder5.______IcanmakefriendswithpeopleofallagesMike:Yes,ofcourse.I6______(become)afriendtoanoldladyandtoayoungkidafewyearsago.Jack:Wow,that’ssurprising.Ididn’tknowthatyoucouldhavesuchfriends.I'msureIcanmakefriendswithmanypeoplebecauseI’moutgoing.Mike:Ithink7____.Friendsarepeoplewhounderstandyouandenjoy8_____(be)aroundyou,Ithinkyou'reapersonwhoiseasytogetalong9_____.Peopleusuallyliketomakefriendswithsomeonelikeyou.Jack:Thankyoufor10.______(give)mesuchusefuladviceMike:Youarewelcome8、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写上该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。LastweekIwenttoamovie,whichwasverytouched.Itwasasadmovieaboutamotherandhersons.Whenthechildwasalittleboy,hismotherwasverypoorthatshehadtosendhimtoarichmanwherehadnochild.Theboyreceivedaverygoodeducationandtwentyyearslaterhebecamedoctor.Inhishospital,hehadapatientwhowasanoldlady.Hedidcaretoomuchaboutherforshecouldhardlyaffordforthemedicalcare.Oneevening,theladydiedquietlyofaseriousillnessbutonherbedthedoctorfoundaletter,inithediscoveredthetruthandfelttheloveofnagreatmother.Hewantedtocallhermother,butthatwastoolate.Everybodyinthetheaterwasmovedtotears.9、假如你是张玲，看到ChinaDaily上的招聘广告后，用英文写一封求职信，要求包括以下所有内容，字数90左右。WANTEDBEIJINGWATCHCOMPANYASECRETARYOFTHEENGLISHLANGUAGE姓名张玲性别女年龄20文化程度高中身体状况健康身高165经历曾在一家公司当过两年秘书技能1.会操作电脑，每分钟能打40个汉字2.英语说写较好，曾在中学获英语竞赛一等奖3.会驾驶汽车答案1、答案：1.B;2.C;3.C解析：1.细节理解题。由文中NASAEarth&SpaceAirPrize部分的Thewinnerwillreceivea$100,000award.得知,选项B正确。2.推理判断题。由文章第一段Don’tmissoutonstudentcompetitionsavailablefromNASA.Checkthispageoftenfornewadditions.得知选项C正确。3.主旨大意题。这篇文章介绍了NASA的比赛项目以及号召人们去参加这些比赛。所以选项C正确。2、答案：1.B;2.C;3.B;4.D解析：略3、答案：CBAB解析：1.细节理解题。由第一段第三句可知。2.细节理解题。由倒数第二段最后两句可以得出答案。3.细节理解题。由第三段第一句可知A项的叙述是错误的。n4.主旨大意题。本文最后一段讲述了地震的不可预测性,接下来要讲述的应是“我们应为地震做什么准备”。4、答案：1.C;2.B;3.B;4.D解析：略5、答案：DGBFA解析：略6、答案：1.B;2.D;3.C;4.A;5.A;6.D;7.B;8.C;9.A;10.D;11.A;12.C;13.B;14.A;15.D;16.B;17.C;18.D;19.B;20.C解析：略7、答案：suggestions,concerned,entirely,toshow,if/whether,became,so,being,with,giving8、答案：LastweekIwenttoamovie,whichwasvery.Itwasasadmovieaboutamotherandher.Whenthechildwasalittleboy,hismotherwaspoorthatshehadtosendhimtoarichmanhadnochild.Theboyaverygoodeducationandtwentyyearslaterhebecamedoctor.Inhishospital,hehadapatientwhowasanoldlady.Hecaretoomuchaboutherforshecouldhardlyaffordforthemedicalcare.Oneevening,theladydiedquietlyofaseriousillnessonherbedthedoctorfoundaletter,inhediscoveredthetruthandfelttheloveofagreatmother.Hewantedtocallhermother,butwastoolate.Everybodyinthetheaterwasmovedtotears.9、答案：DearsirorMadam,  nHavinglearnedthatasecretaryofEnglishLanguageiswantedinyourcompanyfromyouradvertisementinthenewspaper,IaminterestedinthepositionandIamwritingtoapplyforit.MynameisZhangLing,agirlabout20.I’mhealthyand1.7meterstall.Igraduatedfromaseniormiddleschoolandonceworkedasasecretaryinacompanyfortwoyears.Icanoperatecomputersandtype40charactersinaminute.NotonlyamIgoodatoralEnglishandhaveagoodknowledgeofwrittenEnglishbutIalsooncewonthefirstprizeinanEnglishcontestinthemiddleschool.Inaddition,Iamagoodcardriver.I’msureIamfitforthejobandIwillworkhardforyourcompany.Ifallthissatisfiesyou,pleasewritetome.I’mlookingforwardtoyourreply.    Yours,ZhangLing