黑龙江省哈尔滨市呼兰一中、阿城二中、宾县三中、尚志五中四校高二英语下学期期中试题 14页

黑龙江省哈尔滨市呼兰一中、阿城二中、宾县三中、尚志五中四校2018-2019学年高二英语下学期期中试题第I卷第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAreyouamorningperson?Youmightnotlikethefindingsinthisnewresearch.Fromalackofairanddrinkingwatertosolarradiation,theoreticalMarspioneersfaceanynumberofpotentialobstaclestosettlingontheredplanet.Now,scientistshavefoundsomethingelsetoaddtothelist:seriouslymessed-upbiologicalclocks.OnedayonMars-whichscientistsrefertoasthesolarday,or“sol”-is37minuteslongerthanadayonEarth.AteamofEuropeanscientistsrecentlydemonstratedwhythatcouldbeaproblem.Circadianrhythmsarethebody’snaturalcyclesofrestandwaking,whichtendtofollowroughly24-hourlight-darkcycles.Thesenaturalrhythms-whichplayaroleinbiologicalfunctionsincludingbrainwaveactivityandhormoneproduction-canbeinterruptedbythingslikejetlag（时差）andnightshiftwork.Forthestudy,theresearcherscomparedmicewithhealthy,24-hourcircadianclockstomicewithageneticchangethatcausedthemtohaveshorter,20-hourcircadianclocks.Themicewithhealthybiologicalclocksweremorelikelytosurviveandreproduce,whilethemicewithshorterbiologicalclocksweremorelikelytodieoff.Whatdoesthisallhavetodowithspacetravel?SincetheMartiansolislongerthanadayonEarth,peoplewithshortercircadianclockscouldsufferfromhealthproblemsastheytrytoadapttotherotationalspeedoftheredplanet.Unfortunately,thebodyisunlikelytoadapttothenewconditionsor“learn”todevelopalongerclock.AsLoudonexplained,“Learningisnotalikelyoption.”nInotherwords:Sorry,super-earlyrisers-NASAmightnotwantyouforthenextMarsmission.1.Fromthepassage,peoplecanfacethefollowingtroubleslivingonMarsEXCEPT______.A.absenceofairB.alotoffiercecreaturesC.lackofdrinkingwaterD.messed-upbiologicalclocks12.Accordingtoscientists,howlongdoesonedayonMarslast?A.24hours.B.23hoursand23minutes.C.24hoursand37minutes.D.12hoursand37minutes.3.LifeonMarswouldseriouslymesswithyoursleepbecause________.A.theMartiansolislongerthanadayonEarthB.thebody’snaturalcyclescanbeshortenedC.hormoneproductionwillhurtbiologicalfunctionsD.thebrainwaveactivitywillbeinterruptedBKeepingsecretsisaburden“Don’ttellanyone”.Wehearthesewordswhensomeonetellsasecrettous.Butitcanbehardtokeepasecret.We’reoftentemptedto“spillthebeans(说漏嘴)”，evenifweregretitlater.AccordingtoAsimShah,professorintheMenningerDepartmentofPsychiatryandBehavioralSciencesatBaylorCollegeofMedicine,US,keepingasecretmaywell“becomeaburden”.Thisisbecausepeopleoftenhavean“obsessiveandanxiousurgetoshareitwithsomeone”.Anearlierstudy,ledbyAnitaE.Kelly,ascientistattheUniversityofNotreDame,US,suggestedthatkeepingasecretcouldcausestress.Peopleentrusted(受委托的)withsecretscansufferfromdepression,anxiety,andbodyaches,reportedtheDailyMail.Butwithsecretssooftengettingout,whydopeoplesharethematall?Shahexplainedthatpeopleoftenfeelthatitwillhelpthemkeepapersonasafriend.Anotherreasonpeoplesharesecretsisguiltoverkeepingitfromsomeoneclosetonthem.Asenseofdistrustcandevelopwhenpeoplewhoareclosedonotshareitwitheachother.“Keepingorsharingsecretsoftenputspeopleinapositionofeithergainingorlosingthetrustofsomeone,”accordingtoShah.Headdedthattalkativepeoplecouldletsecretsslipout(泄露).Butthisdoesn’tmeanthatitisagoodideaonlytosharesecretswithquietpeople.Aquietpersonmaybesomeonewhokeepseverythinginside.Totellsuchapersonasecretmaycausethemstress,andmakethemtalkaboutthesecret.Shahsaidthattojudgewhethertotellsomeoneasecret.Shahsaidthattojudgewhethertotellsomeoneasecret,you’dbetterputyourselfintheirposition.Thinkabouthowyouwouldfeeltobetoldthatyoumustn’tgivetheinformationaway.Shahalsorecommendedthatifyouaccidentallygiveupsomeone’ssecretyoushouldcomecleanaboutit.Letthepersonknowthattheirsecretisn’tsosecretanymore.4．Whatdoesunderlinedword“obsessive”mean?A．Unwilling.B．Confusing.C．Wantingtodosomethingverymuch.D．Refusingtoacceptfacts.5．WhatdidresearchersattheUniversityofNotreDamediscoveraboutsecret-keeping?A．Itcanresultinmentalandphysicalproblems.B．Itcanhelppromotefriendshipsbetweenpeople.C．ItcanharmrelationshipsbetweenfriendsD．Itcanresultinasenseofdistrustbetweenfriends6．WhatisthemainmessageofParagraph5?A．It’sbettertoshareyoursecretswithquietpeople.B．Quietpeoplesufferlessstressfromkeepingsecrets.C．Talkativepeopleareunlikelytokeepsecrets.D．It’snotagoodideatoshareyoursecretswithothers.7．WhatdoesShahsuggestpeopledoiftheygiveawaysomeone’ssecretbyaccident?nA．Stayawayfromtheperson.B．Telltheaffectedpersonwhathappened.C．Exchangeanewsecretwiththeperson.D．Buythepersonagiftasanapology.CAmerica'stopeducationofficialsaysmanyschoolsarespendingtoomuchtimeteachingthe“basics”—reading,mathandwriting.Itmightseemoppositetowhateducatorshavebeenpromoting.ButU.S.EducationSecretaryJohnKingsayschildrenreallydeserveaccesstoawell-roundededucationthatincludesmusicandartsbecauseitwillhelpthemgointobeingwell-rounded,well-educatedpersons．Kingspokeabouthisowneducationwhenexplainingwhyschoolsneedtoteachmorethanmath，readingandwriting．KinggrewupinNewYork.Bothhisparentsdiedwhenhewasquiteyoung.Inhishouse,thingswereoftencrazyandfrightening.Itwashisteacher,Mr.Osterwei,whohelpedhimescapehisdifficultlife.Quiteoften,theteachertookhimandhisclassmatestothetheater,thezoo,theballetandfamousMuseumofNaturalHistory.“Thosewerepowerful,life-changingexperiences,”Kingsays.KinggraduatedfromHarvardUniversity.HereceivedhislawdegreefromYaleUniversity.HetookchargeofNewYorkStatepublicschoolsfrom2011-2015.TheU.S.SenateapprovedhimasEducationsecretarylastmonth．Manyschoolsspendalmostallfundingonthe“basics”becausetheylackmoneyforothersubjects,Kingsays.Ortheywantstudentstodobetterontestsusedtocomparestudentperformance．Studentsneedtoconnecttheirstudiesandthingsthatmattertothempersonally,suchasmusiciftheyaretobecome“sophisticated(水平高的)thinkers”.A2013reportbyUNESCOsaystoday'sworldneedspeopleabletosolvenewandunusualproblems.Itsaysartscanhelpstudentsfindthoseanswers.Inthereport,UNESCOsaidteachingtheartsinChina,SouthKoreaandJapanisdifferent．FromthatinmanyWesterncountries,theemphasis(重点)inthosethreecountriesis“onjoyfulexperiencesandchildren'sinterests.”IntheWest,educatorsarenmorelikelytoconnecttheartstoreading,writingandmath.A2014reporttriedtocomparehowwellcountriesteachchildrenhowtosolveproblems.ItfoundSingapore,SouthKorea,Japan,China,Canada,AustraliaandFinlandwiththehighestscoresfor15-year-olds.Singaporeledthewaywithascoreof562outofapossible1，000.Theaveragescorewas500.TheUnitedStateshadascoreof508．8.Accordingtoparagraph1,whathaveeducatorsbeenencouraging?A.Teachingartsshouldneverbeputsecondtoteachingthe“basic”．B.Moremoneyandtimeoughttobesetasideforteachingarts．C.Researchshouldbedonetoensureawell-roundededucation．D.Enoughtimeissupposedtobespentinteachingthe“basics”．9.Kingspokeabouthisowneducationexperienceto________.A.sharewithushisextraordinaryeducationbackgroundB.tellushisteacherattachedgreatimportancetoteachingC.confirmaccesstoartscontributestogoodacademicperformancesD.callonschoolstogiveartslessonsasmuchattentionasthe"basics"ones10.Theauthorconvincesusoftheimportanceofteachingartsbydifferentmeansexcept________.A.bygivingexamplesB.bymakingcomparisonsC.byanalyzingfiguresD.byperformingexperiments11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Schoolsaresupposedtobefar-sightedB.Kidsshouldbewell-roundedpersonsC.Kidsneedmorethan“thebasics”tolearnD.TeachersmusthaveadvancedteachingmethodsDWhydopeoplelie?Manypsychologistsagreethatlyingcanstartfromchildhood.Therearevariousreasonswhychildrenmakefalsestatements.Theyusuallytelluntruthfulstoriestocoverupthemistakesthattheyhavedoneinthepast.Lyingisalsoawaytoavoidreceivingpunishmentsfromparents.Ifparentsfailtoreprimandtheirchildrenformakingupfalsestories,thenthereisapossibilitythattheynwillcontinuetolieduringtheirteenageyears.Teenagersliebecausetheywanttobeacceptedbytheirfriends.Thisisthemainreasonwhytheycreatestoriesthatarenottruejusttobecomepresentableandacceptabletootherpeople.Insomeinstances,teenagerstelluntruthfulstatementstoavoidcriticismsfromtheirfamiliesandfriends.Asteenagersgrow,lyingbecomesoneoftheirhabits.Theirknowledgeonmakingupuntruthfulstoriesbecomesmoredeveloped.Peoplelieinworkplacesiftheyfailtomeetthedeadlinesandiftheyfailtoaccomplishanddotheirtasksefficiently.Someofthecommonliesmadeinworkplacesaregettingsickandhavingemergenciesathome.Thedangerinvolvedinfrequentlyingiswhenitbecomesacharacter.Frequentlyingcausesthedevelopmentoftheconditionknowntodoctorsaspathological(病态的)lying.Pathologicallyingisamentalhealthcondition,whichisassociatedwithindividualswhohavetheurgetotelluntruthfulstatements.Patientssufferingfromitmakeupstoriesabouteverythingandanything.Theseindividualspretendtomeetthestandardsofotherpeoplewhotheywanttoplease.Thesepatientscheatotherpeoplebecauseitgivesthemanunexplainedpleasure.Oneofthebestwaysoftreatingpathologicalliarsistohelpthemtelltruestatementsandstoriesatalltimes.Thismaybehardforthem,butastheyareaccustomedtoit,theywillstarttorealizethattheywillbemoreacceptedbytheirfamiliesandotherpeopleiftheystopthemselvesfrommakingupfalsestories.12.Theunderlinedword“reprimand”inParagraph1means“________”.A.satisfyB.criticizeC.discourageD.praise13.Teenagerstellliesmainlybecausetheywantto________.A.avoidbeingpunishedB.foolotherpeopleC.attractothers’attentionD.satisfyothers14.Whatarepatientssufferingpathologicallyingmostlikelytodo?A.Theyreallywanttoplayjokesonothers.B.Theyalwayslikemakinguppleasingstories.C.Theyusuallywanttoshowoffthemselvesbymakingsomestatements.nD.Theyoftensufferfromsomeotherdiseases.15.Howdoesthewriterexplainpathologicallying?A.Byshowingsometypicalexamples.B.Bypredictingthefutureconsequences.C.Byanalyzingitscausesanddevelopment.D.Bylistingagroupofphenomena.第二节：（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Mostsuccessfulpeopleattachimportancetowhylearningfrommistakesisimportant.Everyunsuccessfulattemptcanhelpyougainimportantexperience.___16___.Herearesomeofthetopreasonswhymistakesarevaluable.___17___Doyourememberyourfirstbadgradeforatest?Doyourememberanembarrassingmomentwhenateachercaughtyoucheatingduringanexam?Thesearecommonstrugglesbuttheyareactuallyagreatwaytobuildgoodfuturehabits.Onceyouhavetheexperience,youwillnolongermakethemistakesyoudidbefore.___18___.EncouragedifferentthinkingAswemakemistakes,weremovecertainwaysofreachingourgoal.Whenanapproachisprovenwrong,peopleimmediatelystartlookingfordifferentwaystoresolveasituation.___19___.Ifyourinitialideadidnotwork,youaremorelikelytotakeadifferentstandandthinkofideasyouwouldn’thavethoughtifthatdidn’thappen.BuildcharactersThisisquitethetrickybenefitsincepeoplecangoeitherwaywhenitcomestobuildingcharacters.Veryoften,toomanymistakesmakepeopledepressed.Toomanyfailuresconvincethemtojustgiveupontheirdreams.However,onceyoustartlearningfrommistakes,you’llgainconfidencefromthem.___20___.Andtheywillhelpyoubecomeamorepassionate,successfulperson.A.GiveusexperienceB.RevealweaknessesnC.Aswemakemistakes,welearnfromthemD.Wehavetopractice,failandriseupagainE.TheywillhelpyoubuildastrongercharacterF.Basically,mistakesencourageyoutofindanewsolutionG.Andmistakescanevenbemorevaluablethanachievements第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、Ｂ、Ｃ和Ｄ）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Thisyearmarkedmyfive-yearviolinanniversary.FiveyearsagoIenteredamusicshopandasked,“Doyou___21___violinlessons?”Iwasstandinginaroomfilledwithbeautiful___22___andfeltlikeastrangerinanewland.Ihadlittle___23___inplayingtheviolinalthoughIhadlovedviolinmusicforyears.Iwantedtolearntoplayitatthatmoment．Themusicshopsignedmeupfor___24___anditsoonbecamecleartomehow___25___itwasforanovice（新手）tolearntoplaytheviolin.Ioncewatchedaskilledviolinistplayanditlookedsimple.Actually,itwasmoredifficultthanIhadexpected.LittledidIknowtherewasnothingnaturalaboutthe___26___inwhichoneheldtheinstrument.Therewasnomargin(偏差)forerror—a___27___misplacedfingersendsanoteoutoftune.IfIhadknownhowchallengingitwouldbe,Imightneverhavestarted.However,myloveforviolinmusic___28___allthedifficulties.Thoughitwasabigchallenge,Imadeitatlast.Iwonfirstplaceintheviolincontestinourcitylastyear．___29___thepastfiveyearswithmyviolin,IrealizedI'velearnedmuchmorethanhowtomakemusic.Ibelievemistakesarenot___30___.Theyarepointingyoutowardwhereto___31___yourattention.Besides,you'dbetternot___32___yourselfwithothers.Ifyoufindyou’renotasgoodassomeone,youwillfeeldepressed.Ifso,remember___33___youstarted.Forme，itwasbecauseIlovedtheviolinmusicanditmademehappy.What'smore,rememberthatdevelopinganewskilln___34___repetition.Themoreyoupractice，themoreyoulearn．Progresshappensevenwhenyouaretaking___35___babysteps(likepracticingforafewminutesatatime).Takethetimetocelebrateyoursuccesses.Whenyou___36___somethingyou'vebeenworkingon,acknowledgeitwitha“Yayme!LookwhatIdid!”Giveyourselfrewardsforwhatyou'velearnedandenjoyyour___37___,whichwillleadyoutothenextaccomplishment．___38___，youneedtopersevere（坚持不懈）nomatterhowdifficultthesituationis．Ifirmlybelievetheselessons___39___anythingwetakeon．Learningsomethingnewisn'talwayseasy.Sometimesit'smoredemandingthanyouexpected,butyouarerichly___40___inmorewaysthanyoucouldhaveimaginedforthetrying．21.A.prepareB.offerC.promiseD.support22.A.treasuresB.machinesC.instrumentsD.souvenirs23.A.experienceB.patienceC.considerationD.imagination24.A.travelsB.contestsC.performancesD.lessons25.A.challengingB.practicalC.meaningfulD.convenient26.A.stageB.eventC.relationD.position27.A.fairlyB.properlyC.slightlyD.equally28.A.conqueredB.expectedC.discoveredD.suffered29.A.LookinguptoB.LookingbackonC.LookingdownonD.Lookingforwardto30.A.failuresB.excusesC.liesD.solutionsn31.A.recordB.organizeC.escapeD.focus32.A.connectB.shareC.compareD.concern33.A.whatB.thatC.howD.why34.A.improvesB.introducesC.requiresD.guides35.A.broadB.tinyC.proudD.fresh36.A.introduceB.designC.contributeD.accomplish37.A.surpriseB.contributionC.achievementD.inspiration38.A.AfterallB.InconclusionC.InbriefD.Aboveall39.A.leadtoB.applytoC.respondtoD.turnto40.A.rewardedB.awardedC.respectedD.challenged第二节语法填空（共10个小题；每小题1.5分，满15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。IwasstayinginDestinforafewdayswithmyfamily.Onemorning,Igotupearly41(go)forawalkonthebeach.AsIwaswalking,Inoticedatleastahundredormoreemptybeercanswhich42(leave)inoneconcentratedareainfrontofahotel.Iwas43(fascinate)bythebeach,woodsandnaturesoIwantedtokeep44(they)clean.Naturally,Ipickedupafewtotaketoanearbyrubbishcan.45mywaybacktothehotel,Isaw46manwalkingdownthebeachwitharubbishbagpickingupthecans.Ihelpedhimgettherestandwalkedbacktomyplace,butIcouldn’thelp47(think)aboutthatmanandhowweneedmorepeoplelikethatintheworld.Itnreallygavemesome48(inspire).InthefollowingdayswhenIstayedinDestin,Ialwayswentforawalkwitharubbishbag.Therubbishbagwas49(total)fullbythetimeIgotbacktomyhotel.IdidnotwanttogetanythanksbutIhoped50Ididcouldinspiresomeonetodothesameaswell.第Ⅱ卷第三部分：写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分）文中共有10处语言错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,intelligentrobotswillbewideusedinthefuture.Infamilies,robotswillhelppeopledosomehouseworkandtakingcareoftheelderly,babiesandpatients.Inadditiontothesetask,robotswillevenbeabletoplaythechessanddoexercisewithpeople.Infactories,robotswillbeusedtoperformsomedangerousjobsavoidaccidents.Robotswillchangeourfuturelifebymanyways,whatwillmakeitmorecolorfulandcomfortable.Therefore,weshouldn’tdependonintelligentrobotstoomuch,fortheyweremadetohelphumansratherthanreplaceus.Ashelpersofwehumans,robotsshouldbeusedproperly.第二节书面表达（满分25分）假设你是高二学生李华，你从站上得知你校的英语读书俱乐部想招募（recruit）一名负责人(leader)，你很感兴趣。请你用英语给负责此项工作的外教Steven写一封申请信，内容包括：1.说明写信意图；2.陈述自己的优势。n注意：词数100左右（开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数）。DearSteven,I’mLiHua,aSeniorTwostudent.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHuan呼兰一中阿城二中宾县三中尚志五中四校联考2018——2019学年度下学期期中考试英语试题答案阅读理解ABCABCADBCBDDCDBDBC七选五GACFE完形填空21—25BCADA26—30DCABA31—35DCDCB36—40DCDBA语法填空41．togo42．wereleft43．fascinated44．them45．On46．a47．thinking48．inspiration49．totally50．what短文改错1.wide改成widely2.taking改成take3.task改成tasks4.将the去掉5.jobs后加to6.by改成in7.what改成which8.Therefore改成However9.were改成are10.we改成us范文：本文为申请信。第一段描述在哪看到广告的以及所要应聘职位的名称。本文要写从站得知英语读书俱乐部想招募一名负责人，你很感兴趣。第二段是自我介绍。介绍与你所应聘的工作有关的经验并证明你的能力如用haveagoodcommandofEnglish，havereadmanybooks等。最后一段讲述希望得到面试的事情并附上自己的联系方式。DearSteven,I’mLiHua,aSeniorTwostudent.Havinglearnedfromourschool’swebsitethatyou’relookingforanewleaderfortheEnglishreadingclub,I’mquiteinterestedinit.First,I’mcrazyaboutreadingandI’vereadalargenumberofbookssincemychildhood.Besides,IhaveagoodcommandofEnglish,andI’mabletoreadandwriteEnglisharticleswithoutanydifficulty.Moreimportantly,I’mexperiencedindealingwithstudents,andIthinkIcanattractmorestudentstojoinusandfallinlovewithreading.nYourearlyreplywillbehighlyappreciated.Yourssincerely,LiHua