2018_2019学年高中英语module2ajobworthdoing课下能力提升（五）外研版 5页

Module2课下能力提升（五）阅读理解AInmanydevelopedcountries,peoplewhohavehighdegreesbegintoworklongerthanthosewhodon't.About65%ofAmericanmenaged62－74withaprofessionaldegreeareintheworkforce(劳动人口),comparedwith32%ofmenwhoonlyfinishhighschool.Thisgapispartofadeepeningdividebetweenthewelleducatedwealthyandtheunskilledpoor.Rapidtechnologicaladvancehasraisedtheincomesofthehighlyskilledwhilesqueezingthoseoftheunskilled.Theconsequences,forindividualsandsociety,areprofound.Theworldisfacinganastonishingriseinthenumberofoldpeople,andtheywilllivelongerthaneverbefore.Overthenext20yearstheglobalpopulationofthoseaged65ormorewillalmostdouble,from600millionto1.1billion.Theexperienceofthe20thcentury,whengreaterlongevity(长寿)translatedintomoreyearsinretirementratherthanmoreyearsatwork,haspersuadedmanyobserversthatthisshift(变化)willleadtoslowereconomicgrowth,whiletheswelling(渐增的)ranksofpensionerswillcreategovernmentbudgetproblems.Policiesarepartlyresponsible.ManyEuropeangovernmentshaveabandonedpoliciesthatusedtoencouragepeopletoretireearly.Eventhebetteroffmustworklongertohaveacomfortableretirement.Butthechangingnatureofworkalsoplaysabigrole.Payhasrisensharplyforthehighlyeducated,andthosepeoplecontinuetoreap(获得)richrewardsintooldagebecausethesedaystheeducatedelderlyaremoreproductivethanthepreceding(先前的)generation.Technologicalchangemaywellreinforce(强化)thatshift:theskillsthatcomplement(补充)computers,frommanagementknowhowtocreativity,donotnecessarilydeclinewithage.1．Whatisthecommonphenomenonintheworkforceinrichcountries?A．Youngerpeoplearereplacingtheelderly.B．Welleducatedpeopletendtoworklonger.C．Peoplewithnocollegedegreecannotfindanyjob.D．Unemploymentratesaredecreasingyearafteryear.解析：选B　细节理解题。根据文章第一段的第一句“Inmanydevelopedcountries,peoplewhohavehighdegreesbegintoworklongerthanthosewhodon't”可知，在n发达国家，受过良好教育的人的工作年限更长，故选B。2．Inviewoftheexperienceofthe20thcentury,manyobserverspredictthat________.A．economicgrowthwillslowdownB．governmentbudgetswilldecreaseC．morepeoplewilltrytoreceivehighereducationD．therewillbemorecompetitioninthejobmarket解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句“Theexperienceofthe20thcentury...slowereconomicgrowth,whiletheswelling(渐增的)ranksofpensionerswillcreategovernmentbudgetproblems”可知，选A。3．Accordingtothetext,whatistheresultofpolicychangesinEuropeancountries?A．Unskilledworkersmaychoosetoretireearly.B．Moreandmorepeoplehavetogoabroadtohuntforjobs.C．Peoplemaybeabletousecomputerstodomorecomplicatedwork.D．Evenwealthypeoplemustworklongertolivecomfortablyinretirement.解析：选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段的第三句“Eventhebetteroffmustworklongertohaveacomfortableretirement”可知，欧洲国家政策的变化导致富有的人也必须工作更长时间才能过上舒服的退休生活，故选D。4．Theunderlinedword“knowhow”inthelastparagraphprobablyrefersto“________”．A．acompletelydifferentenvironmentB．practicalknowledgeandtechnicalskillsC．abetterunderstandingofpolicychangesD．thecouragetofacedifficultiesanddangers解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据最后一段的最后一句“Technologicalchangemaywellreinforce(强化)thatshift:theskillsthatcomplement(补充)computers,frommanagementknowhowtocreativity,donotnecessarilydeclinewithage”可知，knowhow是对skills的限定修饰，由此可推知，knowhow指相应的技能和知识，故选B。BTheprinciplesaboutapplyingforjobshavealteredgreatlylately.Inthepast,peoplepreferredahandwrittenapplicationletter.However,nowadaysitisbecomingmoreandmorecommontoapplyforajobthroughtheInternet.YoucanfindinformationontheInternetabouthowtoapplyforjobs.Informationcanbefoundabouthowtofulfillyourapplicationletter,theclothesthatyoushouldwearandhowtocarrynouttheinterviewitself.Theimportanceofbodylanguageisoftenmentioned,butdoesn'talwaysgettheattentionitdeserves.Afterall,beforeawordhasevenbeenspoken,yourbodylanguagewillhavealreadygivenpeopletheirfirstimpressionofyou.Additionally,yourbodylanguagewillalsogiveoutalotmoreinformation.Basedonyourbodylanguageitcanbeseenifyouareselfconfident.Itcanalsoshowifyouareabusyoraquiettypeandithelpsgiveanimpressionofwhetheryouarespeakingtruthfullyornot.Bodylanguagecanshowhowenthusiasticyouareandifyouareaniceperson.Someonewhowilltakehisworkseriously,butalsosomeonewhohasasenseofhumorandcanenjoyajokefromtimetotime.Themembersoftheapplicationcommitteewillaskyouquestions,butyouranswerswon'tonlybeoral.Thecommitteewillnotonlypayattentiontowhatyousay,butalsotohowyousayit！Bodylanguagewilldeterminefirstifitclicks,andsometimesallittakesisjustafewseconds.Everybodyusesbodylanguage,butittakesplacemostlyatasubconscious(下意识的)level.Usingbodylanguageappropriately,youcandefinitelyincreaseyourchancesofgettingajob.语篇解读：申请一份工作，是随处可见的事情。进入互联网时代，网上提供了很多这方面的知识，使如何申请一份工作发展成为一门艺术。本文着重说了体态语言在求职现场所起到的重要作用。5．Whatkindofpeopleisthetextmainlymeantfor?A．Interviewers.B．Jobhuntingpeople.C．EmployersD．Laidoffworkers.解析：选B　写作意图题。既然文章谈的是求职方略，当然是写给寻找工作的人看的。6．Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat________.A．handwrittenlettersarenotusedinfindingajobB．themoreexpensiveclothesintervieweeswear,thebetterC．bodylanguageismoreimportantthanspokenwordsD．theInternetisofsignificanceinapplyingforajob解析：选D　推理判断题。从第一段我们知道，现代人求职不再只是交上一封求职信就了事，互联网给求职者提供了更大的便利。7．Usingbodylanguagewellinajobinterviewwillprobablyhelp________.A．getridoftheinterviewers'prejudiceB．determinewhatpositiononewillgetnC．increasethepossibilityofgettingthewantedjobD．removenervousness解析：选C　细节理解题。顺承全文的意思，体态语言使用得当会给求职者加分。8．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Thoseusingbodylanguageareusuallyconfident.B．Bodylanguageisoftenusedonpurposeinjobhunting.C．Bodylanguageisamirrortoreflectone'spersonality.D．Peopleenjoyingjokesarepreferredinajobinterview.解析：选C　细节理解题。在职场上，体态语言使用得当，往往会收到意想不到的效果。体态语言很能反映一个人的性格和处理事件的能力，所以用人单位很在乎求职者这方面的表现。CTherearemanywaystofindajob.Itcanbeaseasyaswalkingintoaneighborhoodstoretolookatitsannouncementboard.Localstoresoftenhaveareaswherepeoplecanputsmallsignstellingwhatkindofservicetheyneedorcanprovide.Suchservicesincludecaringforchildrenorcleaninghouses.Or,jobsearcherscanlookinthenewspaper.Localnewspapershaveemploymentannouncementsplacedbycompaniesseekingworkers.AnotherpopulartoolforfindingjobsistheInternet.Forexample,peopleinfourhundredandfiftycitiesaroundtheworldcanusetheCraigslistWebsitetobuyobjects,meetpeopleorfindajob.Craigslistsaysthatitreceivestwomillionnewjoblistingseachmonth.Anotherusefulwaytofindajobisthroughacollegeoruniversity.Forexample,studentsattheUniversityofTexasinAustincangototheCareerExplorationCentertogethelpinfindingajob.Ofcourse,lookingforajobrequiresknowingwhatkindofworkyouwanttodo.Forexample,thereisabookcalledWhatColorisYourParachute(降落伞)?byRichardBolles.Thisbookhasbeenhelpingpeoplechooseacareer(职业)sinceitwasfirstpublishedinnineteenseventy.Someexpertsalsohelppeoplefindjobs.SusanW.MillerownsacompanycalledCaliforniaCareerServicesinLosAngeles.Shesayshercompanyhelpspeoplefindjobsbyfirsthelpingthemunderstandtheirstrengths,goalsandinterests.Thensheprovidesthemwithmethodsandresourcestohelpthemfindtherightjob.9．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?nA．Findingajob.B．Collegestudents'parttimejobs.C．CraigslistWebsite.D．Therelationbetweenstudyandwork.解析：选A　主旨大意题。本文主要讲了找工作的一些方法。所以选A。10．ByloggingontheCraigslistWebsite,youcan________.A．sellyouroldthingsB．dosomeshoppingonlineC．createyourownannouncementboardD．getusefulinformationabout450cities解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知，登录CraigslistWebsite这个网站，人们可以买东西、交友或者找工作。故选B。11．WhatColorisYourParachute?isabookwhichgivestipstothosewhowantto________.A．workontheairplaneB．buyaparachuteC．publishabookD．findasuitablejob解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，这本书是帮助人们找工作的。故选D。12．SusanW.Millerthinksitisthefirststepto________whenyouwanttogetajob.A．gettrainingB．haveenoughmoneyC．haveagoodbackgroundD．knowaboutyourself解析：选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Shesayshercompanyhelpspeoplefindjobsbyfirsthelpingthemunderstandtheirstrengths,goalsandinterests.”可知，SusanW.Miller在帮助人找工作时，首先要让人了解自己的长处、目标和兴趣。由此可知选D。