2018_2019学年高中英语module3foreignfood课下能力提升十外研版 5页

课下能力提升(十)Ⅰ.根据提示写出单词的正确形式1．Weowe(应给予，感激)alottoourteachers.2．ThismeatissotoughIcanhardlychew(咀嚼)it!3．Fordessert(甜食),youcanhaveicecreamorapplepie.4．Childrenshouldlearnaboveallhowtoobservegoodmanners(礼仪)attable.5．Thefillings(馅)canbeeithermeatorvegetables.6．Alotofpoisonous(poison)wastefromthechemicalworkspollutedtheriver.7．Hiscakesweresotasty(taste)thathesoldthemindozens.8．Weclimbedupenergeticallyandbreathedthefreshairgreedily(greed)．9．XiaoWangisdoinghisbesttomeetthe_requirements(require)ofhisparents.10．Thestudentsbegintheirclassesatafixed(fix)time.Ⅱ.选词填空owe...to，endup，makeout，goagainst，beobsessedwith，getusedto，accordingto，toone'ssurprise1．Jackwent_againsthisparents'wishesandmarriedablindgirl.2．YesterdayLucy'sbirthdaypartyended_upwithaHappyBirthdaysong.3．Janecouldn't_make_outwhatDavidwassaying,butshepretendedtolistentohimcarefully.4．Weowedoursuccesstogoodluck.5．Afterhearingtheconcert,sheis_obsessed_withclassicalmusic.6．Hegotuplateinthepast,andnowhehasgot_used_togettingupearly.7．To_our_surprisehehasbeenawayfromhomeforyears.8．Theybothplayedthegameaccording_totherules.Ⅲ.完成句子1．第一次去深圳时我迷了路。Ilostmywaythe_first_timeIwenttoShenzhen.2．难怪他非常生气，他的妈妈不允许他玩电脑游戏。No_wonderhewasquiteangry;hismotherdidn'tallowhimtoplaycomputergames.3．他说他确实来看过我，但是我当时不在。Hesaidhedid_cometoseeme,butIwasn'tin.4．你在睡觉前闻一闻这些花，可能会终得美梦。Smelltheflowersbeforeyougotosleep,andyoumayjustend_up_with_sweet_dreams.5．尽管他们是兄弟俩，他们却毫无共同之处。Thoughtheyarebrothers,theyhave_nothing_in_common.Ⅳ.阅读理解AThespreadofWesterneatinghabitsaroundtheworldisbadforhumanhealthandfortheenvironment.ThosefindingscomefromanewreportinthejournalNature.DavidTilmanisaprofessorattheUniversityofMinnesota.Inthestudy,heexaminedinformationfrom100nationstoshowwhatpeopleateandhowdietaffectedhealth.MrTilmannotedamovementbeginninginthe1960s.Hefoundthatasnationsindustrialized(工业化),populationincreasedandearningsrose.nMorepeoplebegantoadoptwhathasbeencalledtheWesterndiet.TheWesterndietishighinsugar,fat,oilandmeat.Byeatingthesefoods,peoplebegantogetfatterandsicker.“Thefood,letussay,inthe15richestnationsoftheworld,rightnowcontainsabout400or500extracalories(热量)adaythatareeatenbeyondwhatpeopleneed,andthatleadspeopletogainweight.”DavidTilmansaysoverweightpeopleareatgreaterriskfordiseaseslikediabetes,heartdiseaseandsomecancers.DiabetesisshootingtoveryhighratesintheUnitedStatesandacrossEurope.HeartdiseaseisamajorcauseofdeathintheWesternnations.Unfortunatelywhenpeoplebecomeindustrialized,iftheyadoptthisWesterndiet,theyaregoingtohavethesesamehealthproblems.Adietbadforhumanbeings,itseems,isalsobadfortheenvironment.Astheworld'spopulationgrows,expertssaymoreforestsandareaswillbecomefarmlandforcropsorgrasslandsforraisingcattle.Theseareaswillbeneededtomeettheincreasingdemandforfood.MrTilmancallsthelinkbetweendiet,theenvironmentandhumanhealth,“adilemma”，asituationwhereitisverydifficulttodecidewhattodo.HesaysonepossiblesolutionisleavingtheWesterndietbehind.1．Whydidpeoplegetfatterinthe1960s?A．Theyatefoodshighincalories.B．Theyadoptedawesternlifestyle.C．Theysetasidelittletimeforexercise.D．Theyhadabetterlifeandbecamelazier.解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第二段最后三句可知人们接受了西方的饮食，它们含有很多的糖、脂肪、油和肉，因为它们含有较高的卡路里，所以吃这些东西很容易发胖。2．Accordingtothetext,overweightpeoplemaysufferthefollowingdiseasesEXCEPT________.A．diabetes　　　　　　　　B．skindiseaseC．cancersD．heartdisease解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句“DavidTilmansaysoverweightpeopleareatgreaterriskfordiseaseslikediabetes,heartdiseaseandsomecancers.”可知选B项。3．WhatcanweinferfromParagraph5?A．Therewillbefewerandfewerforests.B．Peoplewon'tcareabouttheenvironment.C．Theworld'spopulationwillgrowfasterthanever.D．Raisingcattlewillbethemostmoneymakingbusiness.解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第五段中第二、三句可知森林将会变得越来越少，人将会变得更多，但没有提到人口增长会更快，故选A项。4．Whatisthepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthispassage?A．Totellpeopleeffectivewaystokeephealthy.B．TocallonpeopletogiveuptheWesterndiet.C．Toshowtheproblemsindustrializednationsarefacing.D．Todrawpeople'sattentiontoenvironmentalprotection.解析：选B　写作目的题。根据文章的最后一句可知所有的这些问题的解决办法就是摆脱西方的饮食。BTheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)saysthewidespreaduseofsugarinfoodproductsanddrinksisamajorconcerninmanyareas.SoWHOofficialsarecallingongovernmentstorequiretaxesonsugarydrinks.Theofficialsbelievethetaxesnalsowouldreducetheriskofhealthproblemsresultingfromobesity(肥胖)．Obesityisaconditioninwhichthebodystoreslarge,unhealthyamountsoffat.Anewreportsaysthatin2014morethanonethirdoftheadultsintheworldwereoverweight,and500millionwereconsideredobese.TheUnitedNationsagencyestimatesthatin2015,42millionchildrenunderage5wereeitheroverweightorobese.AlmosthalfoftheseboysandgirlsliveinAsiaandonefourthinAfrica.TheU.N.agencyblamesunhealthydietsforariseindiabetescases.Therearemorethan400millioncasesofthediseaseworldwide.TheWHOsays1.5millionpeoplediefromiteveryyear.Itsaystheuseofsugarinfoodproductsanddrinksisamajorreasonfortheincreaseinratesofobesityanddiabetes.TemoWaqanivaluiswiththeagency.HetoldVOAthattaxingsugarydrinkswouldreduceconsumptionandsavelives.WaqanivalunotedthatMexicoenacteda10percenttaxonsugarydrinksin2014.Hesaidbytheendoftheyear,therewasa6percentdropintheconsumptionofsuchdrinks.Amongpoorpeople,thenumberofpeoplewhoconsumedsugarydrinksdroppedby17percent.TheWHOsayspeopleshouldlimittheamountofsugartheyconsume.Itsaystheyshouldkeeptheirsugarintaketobelow10percentoftheirtotalenergyneeds,andreduceittolessthan5percentforimprovedhealth.语篇解读：本文是说明文。鉴于目前世界肥胖人口数量的增长，世界卫生组织呼吁政府向含糖饮料征税，希望以此来降低其消费量。5．Whyaretaxesonsugarydrinksrequired?A．Tolimittheiruseandpopularity.B．Toreadjusttheeconomicstructure.C．Towarnpeopletochangetheirlifestyle.D．Toensurethemarket'sdiversedevelopment.解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“TheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)saysthewidespreaduseofsugarinfoodproductsanddrinksisamajorconcerninmanyareas.SoWHOofficialsarecallingongovernmentstorequiretaxesonsugarydrinks”可知此举是为了限制含糖饮料的使用及盛行。故选A。6．Whatdothefiguresinthesecondparagraphsuggest?A．Adultobesityisignoredatpresent.B．Obesityisasevereworldwideproblem.C．Obesitycanblockeconomicdevelopment.D．Obesityismostseriousindevelopedcountries.解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“in2014morethanonethirdoftheadultsintheworldwereoverweight,and500millionwereconsideredobese”“in2015,42millionchildrenunderage5wereeitheroverweightorobese.AlmosthalfoftheseboysandgirlsliveinAsiaandonefourthinAfrica”可知，作者在第二段中引用多种数据是为了说明肥胖在全球范围内是一个严峻的问题。故选B。7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“enacted”meaninthepassage?A．Abolish.B．Pass.C．Promise.D．Reduce.解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据上文的“taxingsugarydrinkswouldreduceconsumptionandsavelives”可知，对含糖饮料征税会减少消费和挽救生命，下文Waqanivalu所举的墨西哥的例子就是为了印证这一观点，故画线词所在句表示的是墨西哥在2014年通过了对含糖饮料征收10%的税的法律。由此可知，画线词意为“通过(法律)”，故选B。8．WhatdoestheexampleofMexicoprove?A．Taxpoliciesareunfairtothepoor.B．Sugarydrinksareathreattohealth.nC．Thepoorconsumemoresugarydrinks.D．Taxingsugarydrinksmakesadifference.解析：选D　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“...bytheendoftheyear,therewasa6percentdropintheconsumptionofsuchdrinks.Amongpoorpeople,thenumberofpeoplewhoconsumedsugarydrinksdroppedby17percent”可知，作者援引墨西哥的例子是为了说明对含糖饮料征税是起作用的。Ⅴ.阅读七选五WhenitcomestotheInternet,passwordswhichpeopleoftenuseareunderfire.__1__Researchhasshownthatpasswordsarenotaverygoodwaytoprotectsensitiveinformation.Peoplewouldusesomerandomcharacters,numbersandsymbols.Furthermore,auniquepasswordwouldbeusedforeverysiteorapplicationtheuseruses.Unfortunately,themorecomplextheybecome,themorepeoplearelikelytoforgettheirpasswords.Thelongerthepasswordsare,themoreeasilyforgottentheyare.__2__GoogleistryingtokilloffthepasswordonAndroiddevicesbyintroducingtheTrustAPI,whichdoeswhatsimplepasswordscannot.Itgivesdevelopersaframeworkforsecuringtheirapplicationsusinganumberofsecuritysystemsandmetrics(指标)onthedevice.ATrustScorewillbegeneratedbasedonthemetricsthedevicegathers.__3__TheTrustScorewillbegeneratedbasedonbothmetricslikeyourdevicelocation,facescanning,fingerprintandsoon.Takenoneatatime,thesemetricsarenotsecure.Buttakentogether,thesemetricswillhelpdefinethereal“you”．__4__Thissummer,GooglewillberunningtestswithsomebankstoseeifTrustAPImeetstheirneedsbeforerollingouttoalldeveloperslaterthisyear.ItmaytakeanotheryearforappsandpopularsitestostartusingtheTrustAPI.Thisisaprettyexcitingchange.Passwordshavebeenaroundforlongandalthoughthesecurityofsystemshasbeenimproved,theconvenienceofsystemshasn'tbeenimprovedmuch.__5__MaybethatneverendingconflictbetweensecurityandconveniencewillbeabletotakeabreakoncetheTrustsystemcomesout.A．Googleappearstohavethebestofthem.B．Actuallyit'sbeenunderfireforalongtime.C．Peopletendtocaremoreaboutitsadvantages.D．Googlehasalreadybeentestingthisontherealworld.E．Googlehasprovedthatthesystemismoreconvenient.F．Therefore,theyusethesamepasswordforeachapplication.G．It'llalloworrefuseyourapplicationbasedonyourtrustscore.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，密码时代即将过去，全新的网络安全系统即将到来。谷歌公司对新的安全系统进行了测试，结果表明：这样的安全系统既能保证用户的安全，又能给用户带来方便。1．解析：选B　根据上文的“WhenitcomestotheInternet,passwordswhichpeopleoftenuseareunderfire.”可知，网络密码受到攻击有很长一段时间了。故答案选B项。2．解析：选F　根据上文的“Unfortunately,themorecomplextheybecome,themorepeoplearelikelytoforgettheirpasswords.Thelongerthepasswordsare,themoreeasilyforgottentheyare.”可知，密码给用户带来了许多不便，因此用户经常使用同一个密码。故答案选F项。3．解析：选G　根据上文的“ATrustScorewillbegeneratedbasedonthemetricsthedevicegathers.”可知，设备收集到了许多指标从而建立了信任指数，根据这些指数可以同意或者拒绝用户的申请。故答案选G项。4．解析：选D　根据下文的“Thissummer,GooglewillberunningtestswithsomebankstoseeifTrustAPImeetstheirneedsbeforerollingouttoalldevelopersnlaterthisyear.”可知，谷歌的这种网络安全系统已经开始测试。故答案选D项。5．解析：选A　根据上文的“Passwordshavebeenaroundforlongandalthoughthesecurityofsystemshasbeenimproved,theconvenienceofsystemshasn'tbeenimprovedmuch.”可知，密码在安全和便利两个方面无法做到最好，相反，谷歌公司推出的新安全系统却可以把两方面做到最优秀。故答案选A项。Ⅵ.课时微写作(请根据汉语提示完成小作文)LiMingandMikearegoodfriends.①The_first_time_they_met(他们第一次见面),theyfoundthey②had_a_lot_in_common(有许多共同之处).However,theyhave③different_tastes(不同的口味).MikeisfromAmericaandheoften④ends_up_with_dessert(以甜食结束)whileLiMingisChineseandlikeseatingchicken'shead,pig'stongue,earandhoof.Mikecan't⑤make_out(理解)whyLiMingenjoyseatingthem.Thewesternersdon'thavetheseintheirdiet;⑥no_wonder(难怪)Mikelooksveryconfusedattheseanimals'organs.