（全国版）高考英语unit1schoollife学案（含解析）牛津译林版必修1 28页

Unit1Schoollife(一)课前自主学习Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意1．literaturen．[纵联1]　　文学2．Spanishn．&adj.西班牙语(的)；西班牙人(的)3．sculpturen.雕像，雕塑4．dessertn.甜点5．academicadj.学业的，学术的6．formeradj.以前的7．titlen.(书的)名称；(文章的)题目，篇名8．dynastyn.朝代，王朝9．somehowadv.[纵联2]不知为什么；不知怎么地10．literaryadj.文学的Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形1．experiencen．&vt.经历，体验2．earnvt.获得；赚，挣得3．averageadj.[纵联3]一般的，普通的；平均的4．strugglen.难事；斗争；努力vi.奋斗，努力；挣扎5．extraadj.额外的，外加的6．exchangen．&vt.交换；交流7．donatevt.捐赠8．splendidadj.极佳的，非常好的9．independentadj.独立的10．informvt.通知，告知11．runvt.管理；操作12．hostn.主持人；主人，东道主13．chargen.负责，掌管vt.使承担责任；收费14．eventn．[纵联4](重要)事件；社交活动；比赛项目15．outingn.短途旅行，远足n16．generationn.一代，一代人17．selectvt.选择，挑选18．enjoyableadj.有乐趣的；令人愉快的19．cookingn.做饭；烹饪，烹调20．schoolmaten.同学，校友Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变1．respectn．&vt.尊敬，敬重→respectfuladj.表示敬意的，尊敬的→respectableadj.值得尊敬的；体面的2．devotevt.致力于；献身→devotedadj.忠实的；深爱的→devotionn．奉献；挚爱3．challengingadj.具有挑战性的→challengevt.&n．向……挑战；挑战4．encouragementn．鼓励→encouragevt.鼓励→encouragedadj.鼓舞的→encouragingadj.令人鼓舞的5．satisfactionn．满意→satisfyvt.使……满意→satisfiedadj.满意的→satisfying/satisfactoryadj.令人满意的6．graduatevi.毕业n．毕业生→graduationn．毕业7．fluentadj.流利的→fluentlyadv.流利地→fluencyn．流利8．paintingn．绘画，绘画作品→paintvt.油漆；绘画→paintern．画家；油漆匠9．approvevt.&vi.批准，通过；赞成，同意→approvaln．批准，赞成→approvingadj.赞成的，满意的10．preparationn．准备，筹备→preparevt.准备，筹备→preparedadj.有准备的纵联1.“文学”内容知多少？　①literature/drama/poetry文学/戏剧/诗歌②classicliterature古典文学③children'sliterature儿童文学④theNobelPrizeforLiterature　诺贝尔文学奖纵联2.阅读中不可小觑的单词①somehowadv.不知怎么地；不知为什么②anyhowadv.无论如何③anywayadv.无论如何；不管怎样④somewhatadv.有点儿；有几分；颇为纵联3.“普通/一般/正常……”表达种种①averageuser一般用户n②ordinaryfamily普通家庭③commonsense常识④normallife正常生活纵联4.各种“事件”　①eventn.重大事件；比赛项目；社交活动sportsevent体育赛事②incidentn.(不平常的)事件；事变theJuly7thIncident七七事变③accidentn.事故trafficaccident交通事故单元话题——校园生活子话题1　学习过程与评估①presentationn．　　　　　　演示；呈现②diploman.毕业文凭；学位证书③theCollegeEntranceExamination　高考④academicperformance学习成绩⑤makeuptheexam补考子话题2　教学管理与课程①routinen.常规②askforleave请假③skiptheclass逃课④psychologyn.心理学⑤artscourses文科课程⑥sciencecourses理科课程子话题3　学校设施与员工　①multimediaclassroom多媒体教室②lecturetheatre阶梯教室③staffn.全体员工④subjectrepresentative课代表⑤tutorn.家庭教师，私人教师，导师子话题4　学校活动与收获　①parentteacherconference家长会n②socialpractice社会实践③shapeone'scharacter塑造某人的性格④widen/expand/broadenone'shorizons　开阔某人的视野[学考对接·活学活用]高考采撷(一)　阅读中的词汇应用1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ阅读B)GoodMorningBritain'sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheiscookingupastorm❶inherlatestrole—showingfamilieshowtoprepare❷deliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget...Intonight'sEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspiration❸onabudget.Theteamtransforms❹thefamily'slongweekendofcelebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.①加黑词块在此处意为：在烹饪上露一手，大显身手；类似短语还有：danceupastorm“舞姿翩翩”，talkupastorm“侃侃而谈”，此类短语含有“以非凡的能力和技能做某事”的意思。②加黑词在本单元的同根名词是：preparation，“为……做准备”的表达形式有prepare_for或make_preparations_for。③写出加黑词在本单元的近义词：encouragement④用本单元所学词汇搭配替换加黑词：exchange_...for2．(2018·浙江高考完形)OnedayImetaformer❶classmateofminewhowasmakingalotofmoney❷running❸asideline(副业)．Sincehisregularjobwasboring❹，Iaskedhimwhyhejustdidn'tdohissidelinefulltime❺.Hesaidwithoutthejob,hewouldsimplyhavetoomuchtimeandwouldjustdowhatIdidbackincollege.Hesaidthatifhequitthejob,hewouldlosehis__❻__toworkandsucceed.So,tryfillingupyourtimewithotherwork.①加黑词在此处意为：以前的，theformer...表示“(两者中)前者的”。②makemoney表示“挣钱”，同义短语为：earn_money③选择加黑词在句中的意思：__B__A．跑步　　　B．经营　　　C．传播　　　D．操作④写出加黑词在本单元的反义词：enjoyable⑤加黑部分可翻译为：把他的全部时间用于他的副业；用本单元词汇devote改写加黑词块：devote_his_full_time_to_doing_his_sideline⑥选词填空：__A__A．driveB．strugglenC．energyD．power高考采撷(二)　写作中的词汇应用(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)每个被通知这个活动的人，都可以通过这部短片来体验我们学校的变化。(inform,experience)Everyone_who_is_informed_of_this_activity_can_experience_our_school's_changes_through_the_movie.2．(2018·天津高考书面表达)相应地，我们将有机会通过这种有挑战性的竞赛来提高我们的技能，与困难作斗争。(challenging,struggle)Accordingly,_we_will_be_given_an_opportunity_to_improve_our_skills_and_struggle_with_many_difficulties_through_the_challenging_competition.(二)课堂重点释疑1．experiencevt.经历，体验n．[U]经验；[C]经历[辨清]　写出下列句中experience的词性和含义①I'dliketoinviteyoutoexperiencethenewlyrunhighspeedtraintoDonghu,whichisabout500kilometersawayfromhere.vt.体验②Withouthiswartimeexperience,Hemingwaywouldn'thavewrittenhisfamousnovelAFarewelltoArms.n.[C]经历③Firstofall,volunteeringcanhelpustolearnmoreaboutsocietyandgainvaluableexperience.n.[U]经验[记牢](1)bea(n)...experienceforsb.　　　　　　　对某人来说是一种……的经历haveexperiencein(doing)sth.在(做)某事方面有经验/在行(2)experiencedadj.有经验的；熟练的beexperiencedin(doing)sth.在(做)某事方面有经验/在行inexperiencedadj.缺乏经验的[练通]片段语法填空④Ifyouareanexperienced(experience)travelerwantingtoexploreChinafully,itisrecommendedthatyoushouldtraveltoDunhuang,Zhangye,Jiayuguan,Turpan,KashiandUrumqitofollowthefootprintofMarcoPoloandfeeltheexperiencesn(experience)ofMarcoPoloonthejourney.Thisroutewillbeanunforgettableexperienceforyouanditwillbefitforyou.Ibelieveyoucangainlotsofexperience(experience)andknowledgeoftravelingfromthisjourney.一句多译看起来他似乎并没有训练足球运动员的经验。⑤Itseemsasifhehas_no_experience_in_trainingfootballplayers.⑥Itseemsasifheisn't_experienced_in_trainingfootballplayers.⑦Itseemsasifheis_inexperienced_in_trainingfootballplayers.[写美]⑧(2018·天津高考书面表达)我知道你在参加机器人技能竞赛(roboticscompetition)方面经验很丰富。I_know_you_have_much_experience_in_taking_part_in_the_robotics_competition.2．respectvt.尊敬；尊重n．细节，方面；尊重；敬意，问候[辨清]　写出下列句中respect的含义①Apersonmightfullydisagreewithothersonanyissue,whileatthesametimerespectingthosewithdifferentopinionsandtreatingthemwithdignity.尊重②Thisproposalgivenbyourtutorisreallyexcellentinallrespects.方面，细节③I'msorryIcan'tcomeuptoyourapartment.Givemyrespectstoyourparents.问候[记牢](1)respectsb.for...　　　　　　因……而尊重某人(2)have/showrespectfor...对……表示敬意inall/manyrespects在各个/许多方面withrespectto关于；就……而言(3)respectfuladj.恭敬的，有礼貌的berespectfulof...对……尊重[练通]单句语法填空④Whetheryou'redeclininganinvitationtoapartyorturningdownanewprojectatwork,youcansaynowhilestillbeingrespectful(respect)．⑤Thefollowingfiveyearswillbeacrucialperiodforbuildingamoderatelyprosperoussocietyinallrespects(respect)．⑥MyEnglishteacherismodest,soallofusshowrespectforhim.n单句改错⑦Ideeplyrespecthimhiscourage,whichhashelpedhimovercomesomuchdifficulty.his前加for[写美]⑧(2018·浙江高考书面表达)关于英语口语，我曾在学校口语大赛中获得一等奖。With_respect_to_spoken_English,_I_once_won_the_first_prize_in_the_spoken_English_contest_in_our_school.3．devotevt.致力于；献身[记牢](1)devote...to...　　把……奉献于/专注于……devoteoneselfto(doing)...献身于……；致力于(做)……(2)devotedadj.忠实的；深爱的bedevotedto(doing)．..奉献于(做)……；专心于(做)……(3)devotionn.关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚[练通]单句语法填空①OfficerPatrickDaughertyenteredthehomeandfoundGaryandhisdevoted(devote)cat,Tommy.②Societyevenpraises“burningthecandleatbothends”asasignofourdevotion(devote)toworkandfamily.③(2016·四川高考)Butwedothinkthatyoucanliveamorepowerfullifewhenyoudevotesomeofyourtimeandenergytosomethingmuchlargerthanyourself.单句改错④Weteenagersshouldbedevotedtoreadwhatweareinterestedin.read→reading句型转换⑤Devotedtoteachingthedeafchildren,theyoungladyhaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.→Devotingherselftoteachingthedeafchildren,theyoungladyhaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.[写美]⑥(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)我经常在空闲的时候和我的同学在学校体育馆打羽毛球。I_often_devote_my_free_time_to_playing_badminton_with_my_classmates_in_the_school_stadium.4．averageadj.一般的，普通的；平均的n．平均，平均数v．算出……n的平均数；平均为[辨清]　写出下列句中average的词性和含义①Theaveragetemperaturehererangesbetween23℃and39℃and51%oftheislandiscoveredwithforests.adj.平均的②(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Freddywasanaveragestudent，butnotanaverageperson.adj.普通的③Asurveyshowsparentsspendanaverageof＄220ayearontoysinShanghai.n.平均数④DriversinLondoncanexpecttoaverageabout12milesperhour.v.平均为[记牢]on(the)average　　　　　　　平均起来above/belowaverage平均水平以上/以下anaverageof平均有……[练通]　完成句子⑤Therewere90studentsgettingfullmarksintheexam,on_average18studentsineachclass.Tom'sscorewasabove_averagewhileJohn'swasbelow_average.在这次考试中有90个同学得到了满分，每个班级平均有18人。汤姆的成绩在平均水平以上，而约翰的(成绩)在平均水平以下。[写美]⑥(2018·天津高考书面表达)在上一次机器人竞赛中，你的测试成绩高于所有参与者的平均水平。In_the_last_robotics_competition,_your_test_scores_were_above_average_in_all_participants.5．strugglen．难事；斗争；努力vi.奋斗，努力；挣扎[记牢]strugglefor...　　　　　　　为……而奋斗strugglewith/against...与……作斗争struggletodosth.挣扎着做某事struggletoone'sfeet挣扎着站起来[练通]　完成句子①Thetwoboxersstruggled_with/against_each_otherandtherefereeseparatedthem.两位拳击手扭打在了一起，裁判把他们分开了。②Bravely,Marystruggled_to_her_feet,_andfoughtagainstthewindandrainnbeatingagainsther.玛丽勇敢地挣扎着站起来，同扑向她的暴风雨搏斗着。③Weshouldhelpthosewhoarestillstruggling_for_liberation.我们应当帮助那些仍在为解放而斗争的人们。④Indiahadtostruggle_to_beatdefendingchampionsSouthKorea2∶0.印度队苦战之下才以2∶0击败卫冕冠军韩国队。[写美]⑤(2018·北京高考书面表达)从现在起，你应该为你的未来做准备。为你的梦想而奋斗，你就会获得北京语言大学的录取通知书。From_now_on,_you_should_prepare_yourself_for_your_future.Struggle_for_your_dream_and_you_will_get_the_offer_from_Beijing_Language_and_Culture_University.6．exchangen．&vt.交换；交流；兑换[记牢](1)exchangestudent　　　　　交换生inexchange(for...)作为交换(……)(2)exchangesth.forsth.用某物交换某物exchangesth.withsb.与某人交换某物[练通]　单句语法填空①LastsummerIattendedanEnglishsummercampforSinoUSculturalexchanges(exchange),whichIhavelongbeendreamingabout.②Nomoneywithhim,thepoorfellowhadtobeadustmaninexchangeforaweek'saccommodation.③TheInternetenablesustoexchangeideaswithmanyotherstocheckourclaimsandtojudgeouractions.④TheirdaughteristogotoUSAforfurthereducationnextmonthandtheBrownswillliketoexchangesomepoundsfordollars.[写美]⑤(2016·天津高考书面表达)通过一些活动，我们彼此交流在学习方法方面的观点，分享一些特别的课程。Through_some_activities,_we_exchanged_ideas_on_ways_of_study_and_shared_some_special_classes_with_each_other.⑥(2014·天津高考书面表达)我是李津，高二(一)班班长，很高兴听到你以交换生的身份来到我们学校。I'm_Li_Jin,_monitor_of_Class_One,_Grade_Eleven.I'm_glad_to_hear_that_you_nwill_come_to_our_school_as_an_exchange_student.7．donatevt.捐赠[记牢](1)donate...to...　　　　　　把……捐献给……(2)donationn.捐赠，捐赠物donatorn.捐赠者，赠送者[练通]　单句语法填空①Aftertheearthquakehappened,manyactorsdonatedmuchmoneytothedisasterarea.②TohelpmorepeopleinIndia,theIMABloodBankhasalsodevelopedateamtoeducatethepublicaboutblooddonation(donate).③Doctorsaresearchingablooddonator(donate)tothepatientwhosebloodtypeisrare.[写美]④(2015·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)在那之后，我们将做一些其他有意义的活动，包括捐赠一些零花钱或书籍给那儿的老人们。After_that,_we_will_do_some_other_meaningful_activities,_including_donating_some_pocket_money_or_books_to_the_old_there.8．informvt.通知，告知[记牢](1)informsb.that...　　　　通知/告知某人……informsb.of...通知/告知某人……keepsb.informedof...使某人随时了解……(2)informationn．[U]信息[练通]单句语法填空①(2015·福建高考)ItwasconsiderateofMichaeltoinformusofhisdelayincasewegotworried.②(2018·北京高考)Ididn'tdoeitherwell.HelaterinformedmethatIwas“notathletic”．③Theoldmanreadsnewspaperseverydaytokeephimselfinformed(inform)aboutwhat'sgoingonintheworld.单句改错④(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Besides,theyoftengetsomeusefulinformationsfromthenInternet.informations→information[用准]　inform后不能直接跟双宾语，而需借助于介词of，构成informsb.ofsth.结构。[写美]⑤(2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)我给你写信是想告知你我们下一次上课的时间和地点。I'm_writing_to_inform_you_of_the_time_and_place_of_our_next_class.[联想]　与informsb.ofsth.类似的结构还有哪些？warnsb.ofsth.　　　　　　警告某人当心某事curesb.ofsth.治愈某人的疾病remindsb.ofsth.提醒某人某事convincesb.ofsth.使某人确信某事accusesb.ofsth.控告某人某事9．approvevt.&vi.批准，通过；赞成，同意[记牢](1)approvesth.　　　　　　　批准/同意某事approveofsb./sth.赞成/批准……approveofone'sdoingsth.同意某人做某事(2)approvaln.赞成；同意；批准，认可giveone'sapprovaltosth.批准/同意某事[练通]单句语法填空①Herparentsdidnotapproveofherdecisiontomovetothecountryside.②Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldgiveyourapproval(approve)tomyapplication.句型转换③Themotherdidn'tgaveherapprovaltoherdaughtergoingoutatnight.→Themotherdidn'tapproveofherdaughtergoingoutatnight.[用准]　“同意某人做某事”不可用approvesb.todosth.,应该用approveofone'sdoingsth.，其中of是介词，后跟动名词的复合结构。[写美]④(2017·北京高考书面表达)经过热烈的讨论，我们一致赞同制作一个视频来记录我们在学校的经历。After_a_heated_discussion,_we_all_approved_of_our_making_a_video_to_record_our_experiences_at_school.n10．chargen．负责，掌管；费用vt.使承担责任；收费，要价；控告[记牢](1)inchargeof　　　　　　负责，掌管inthechargeof...由……负责/掌管freeofcharge免费takechargeof负责，掌管(2)chargesb./sth.for...为……向某人/某物要价chargesb.withsth.控告某人某事[练通]介词填空①Theychargedmefivedollarsforacupofcoffee.②AstheCommunityManagerinKidPass,you'llbeinchargeofavividcommunityforparents.③Themanwearingabluehatwaschargedwiththeftinthesupermarket.④Thesecoursesareonline,freeofcharge,andopentoanyoneintheworldwhohasalaptopandanInternetconnection.句型转换⑤ThehousehasbeeninthechargeofMr.Bellformorethanayear.→Mr.Bellhasbeeninchargeofthehouseformorethanayear.[用准]　inchargeof多以人作主语，指“某人负责/主管某事”；inthechargeof多以物作主语，指“某物由某人掌管”。类似的还有：inpossessionof,inthepossessionof;incontrolof,inthecontrolof。[写美]　一句多译(2016·天津高考书面表达)在两周的时间里，我们举办了一系列关于学习和运动的活动，其中一些是由英国学生负责的。⑥During_the_period_of_two_weeks,_we_held_a_series_of_activities_on_study_and_sports_and_a_few_of_them_were_in_the_charge_of_English_students.(并列句)⑦During_the_period_of_two_weeks,_we_held_a_series_of_activities_on_study_and_sports,_a_few_of_which_were_in_the_charge_of_English_students.(复合句)[词汇过关综合训练]　Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Itretellssomeofthekeyevents(事件)ofthemid20thcentury,asongofnhappymemoriesofthepastandwantingtoreturntothosebettertimes.2．Askyourteacherforextra(额外的)creditassignments,particularlyifyoureceiveadisappointinggradeinasubject.3．Naturalselectionensuresonlythefittestsurvivetopasstheirgenesontothenextgeneration(一代)．4．Toearn(赚取)enoughmoneytosupportalargefamily,Thomashadtoworkreallyhard.5．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Becauseofourefforts,ourdaughterGeorgiadiddecidetodonate(捐赠)alargebagoftoystoalittlegirlwhosemotherwasunabletopayforherholidayduetoillness.6．Iampleasedtoinform(通知)youthatyouhavewonthefirstprizeinthismonth'scompetition.7．Thecustomerscouldselect(挑选)theappropriateproductfromthisfulllist.8．TodayIbecomeknownasMrs.Greenthumbs,teachinggardeningandhosting(主办)agardeningshow,whichmakesmyparentsfeelveryproud.9．Goingforatriptothefamoustownwasanenjoyable(令人愉快的)experienceformeandimpressedmealot.10．(2018·浙江高考)Letthemknowthatyouaretheretohelpinanywaythatisacceptable,whilestillrespecting(尊重)theprivacyofyourneighbor.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Asurveyofover74,000peoplefound35percentsleptlessthansevenhoursdailyonaverage.2．Theyoungeditorenjoyswritingandishighlyexperienced(experience)inbloggingandsocialmedia.3．Tohersurprise,thefirm'sdirectorquicklygavehisapproval(approve)tohernewplan.4．It'sverykindofyoutokeepmewellinformed(inform)ofwhat'sgoingonthere.5．Youmayexchangeitforabrownoneifyourhusbanddoesn'tlikethecolor.6．ThechildrentalkedsoloudlyatdinnertablethatIhadtostruggleto_be_heard(hear)．7．Inananalysisof225academicstudies,researchersfoundstrongevidencenofcauseandeffectrelationshipbetweenlifesatisfaction(satisfy)andsuccessfulbusinessoutcomes.8．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)I'dskippednearbyGuilin,adreamplacefortouristsseekingthelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiverwhicharepicturedbyartistsinsomanyChinesepaintings(painting)．Ⅲ.单句改错1．Theexperiencingmountainclimbergainedalotofexperiencefromhisadventure.experiencing→experienced2．Weshouldshowrespecttotheoldpeople,whicharepartofourtraditionalculture.to→for3．Despitehisterribleinjuries,hewouldn'tgiveupthestruggletolife.to→for4．Itisreportedthatthebusinessmanhasdonatedalotofmoneyfortheschool.for→to5．Themanagerwassatisfyingtoseemanynewproductsdevelopedafterhardworking.satisfying→satisfiedⅣ.完成句子1．Weshouldkeep_ourselves_informed_ofthelatestdevelopmentofscienceandtechnology.我们应该了解科学技术的最新进展。2．Completelydevoted_to_the_people,_thedoctorgaveallhislifeinsavinghispatients.那位医生忠于人民，把毕生精力用于拯救患者。3．Mymotherwasleftin_charge_of_the_companywhilemyfatherwasaway.我的爸爸不在时，妈妈负责这个公司。4．Westudentsshouldoftenexchange_ideas_withourparents,whoare_rich_in_experience,_andaboveall,loveusmostintheworld.我们学生应该经常和父母交换意见，他们经验丰富，而且最重要的是，在这个世界上他们是最爱我们的人。5．Afterleavingthestage,theactorZhaoLiangearned/made_a_livingbyfeedingchickens.离开舞台后，演员赵亮靠养鸡谋生。n(一)课前自主学习1．for_free　　　　　　　　　　　免费；无偿地2．be_fond_of[串记1]喜欢，喜爱3．look_back_(on)回忆，回顾4．make_use_of利用，使用5．in_charge_of负责，掌管6._used_to_do_sth.过去常常做某事7．devote_oneself_to_...[串记2]献身于……8．in_exchange_for交换；交流9．than_usual比以往10．more_than[串记3]超过；不仅仅是11．on_average[串记4]平均；普遍，通常12．take_good_care_of好好照顾13．refer_to指的是；提到；查阅14．come_up_with提出；想出[同根短语串记]串记1.“喜欢”种种表达①befondof喜欢②carefor喜欢③fallinlovewith爱上④becrazyabout对……着迷⑤bekeenon喜爱串记2.“devote...to(介词)”朋友圈①adapt...to...使适应；使配合②adjust...to...调节……以适应③addict...to...使……对……上瘾④apply...to...把……应用于……⑤prefer...to...喜欢……胜过……⑥attach...to...把……附在……上串记3.比一比，巧记than①morethan超过；不止；不仅仅是n②nomorethan仅仅；只不过③notmorethan至多；不超过④otherthan除了⑤ratherthan不愿；而不是串记4.“一般(而言)，通常，而”这么说①asarule通常，一般说来②ingeneral通常，一般而言③generally(speaking)一般地(说)④on(the)average一般地；通常1．openinghours开放时间2．attendanassembly参加晨会3．earnrespect赢得尊重4．attheendoftheirmainmeal在正餐结束时5．duringbreaktimes在休息时间6．PoetsoftheNextGeneration下一代诗人7．intheschoolcourtyard在校园里8．informtheparentsofeventssuchasoutingandschoolplays告诉家长们有关诸如远足、校内戏剧表演之类的活动讯息1．Wealsohaddifferentstudentsinsomeclasses,soit_was_a_struggle_for_me_to_rememberallthefacesandnames.上某些课的时候，班上的同学也不一样，所以对于我来说记住所有人的面孔和名字可是一件难事。2．Upon_finishinghisstudies,hestartedtravellinginChina.一完成学业，他就开始了中国之旅。3．The_morechoicesyouhave,the_betteryourdecisionswillbe.你选择的余地越大，你的决定就会越好。4．Iwasalittlenervousatfirst,buteveryonewassoniceandfriendlythatIsoonstoppedworrying.起初我有些紧张，但所有成员都那么亲切、友好，我很快就不担心了。[学考对接·活学活用]n高考采撷(一)　阅读中的词块和句式1．(2015·天津高考完形)Surprisingly,theydidn'tlaughatus.Theyrenewedtheirofferinstead.Itwasalsomuchmore_than_we_could_afford(超出我们所能负担的),butfarlessthantheoriginalaskingprice.(完成句子)2．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ阅读七选五)Ifyou'dliketobuildapowerfulbondwithyourgarden,startbytakingsometimetorecallthegardensofyouryouth.(用本单元短语升级加黑词汇)→Ifyouare_fond_of_buildingapowerfulbondwithyourgarden,startbytakingsometimetolook_back_onthegardensofyouryouth.高考采撷(二)　写作中的短语和句式(根据提示翻译句子)1．(2018·江苏高考书面表达)在那种情况下，根据消费排名买书既方便又实惠。(it作形式主语)In_that_case,_it_is_both_convenient_and_economical_to_buy_books_according_to_the_ratings.2．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)新体育场馆很大，能容纳我们学校的全体师生。(so...that)The_new_gymnasium_is_so_big_that_it_can_hold_all_the_teachers_and_students_in_our_school.(二)课堂重点释疑[短语集释]1．forfree免费；无偿地[记牢]freeofcharge　　　　　　免费(be)freefrom/of...不受……的影响free...from/of...把……从……中解放出来[练通]　介词填空①Besidesbuildingmybodyandenrichingmyknowledge,playingfootballandreadingstoriesalsofreemefrom/oftheheavyworkofstudy.②KennedySpaceCenterOfficialGuideAppisavailableforfreeinboththeAppStoreandGooglePlay.③Youneedn'tworryaboutmoney.Withyourmembershipcard,youcanattendTwilightconcertsfreeofcharge.④Thefiltration(过滤)systemprovidesthecrewwithcleanairfreefromnfumes.[写美]⑤(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)新体育场让我们可以不受坏天气的影响，自由地享受体育活动的时间。The_new_gymnasium_allows_us_to_be_free_from_the_bad_weather_and_enjoy_the_sports_time_freely.2．lookback(on)回忆，回顾[记牢]lookaround　　　　　　　　环视lookdownon/upon轻视，瞧不起lookforwardto盼望，期望lookinto调查，向……里看lookoutfor注意察看，留心lookthrough仔细浏览，查阅lookup查阅；抬头看lookupto尊敬，敬仰[练通]　用look的相关短语填空①Asshegotupinthemorningandlooked_intothemirror,shefoundherfacewasfirmandyounglooking.②Aftertheflightarrived,SarahThomassawamanlooking_aroundcuriously.③Terry,pleaselook_upfromyourcellphonewhenGrandmaistalkingtoyou.④AsIsawtheoldphoto,Ialwayslooked_back_onthescenewherewehadmet.⑤You'reapopulargirl,Grace,andalotoftheyoungeroneslook_up_toyou.⑥Look_throughthisproposalforme,andtellmewhatyouthinkofit.⑦Thedaywe'vebeenlooking_forward_tohascomeatlast.[写美]⑧(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)谢谢你的信任。我希望我说的话对你有帮助，盼望早日见到你。Thank_you_for_your_trust.I_hope_what_I_have_said_would_be_of_help_to_you_and_I'm_looking_forward_to_seeing_you_soon.3．makeuseof利用；使用[记牢]n(1)makefull/gooduseof＝makethebest/mostof　　　　充分利用(2)comeintouse开始被使用beputintouse投入使用beof(great)use(很)有用Itisnouse/uselessdoingsth.做某事是没用的[练通]单句语法填空①Therefore,ashighschoolstudentsoftheInformationAge,weneedtolearntomakeuseofthismeaningfultooltocommunicateanddisplayourselves.②Asyouknow,it'snousecomplaining(complain)withouttakingaction.③ThereisnodenyingthattheInternetisofgreatuseinourdailylife.句式升级Weshouldmakegooduseoftheclasstimetohelpstudentsgraspthetext'sfocusoncontent.④The_class_time_should_be_made_good_use_of_to_helpstudentsgraspthetext'sfocusoncontent.(用theclasstime作主语)⑤Good_use_should_be_made_of_the_class_time_to_helpstudentsgraspthetext'sfocusoncontent.(用use作主语)[用准]　此短语中，需要关注两种考查方式：(1)把use提前使用被动语态；(2)把use提前用作先行词，其后接定语从句。[写美]⑥(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)每天下课后，我们学生和老师都会充分利用这个体育馆做运动。We_students_as_well_as_our_teachers_make_good_use_of_the_gymnasium_to_do_sports_after_class_every_day.[句式集释]1．it作形式主语[教材原句]　Wealsohaddifferentstudentsinsomeclasses,soit_was_a_struggle_for_me_to_rememberallthefacesandnames.[悟拓展例句](1)It_is_not_hard_for_one_to_doabitofgood.n对于一个人来说做点好事并不难。(2)It_is_no_use_cryingoverspiltmilk.覆水难收。(3)It_is_a_fact_thatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.英语作为一门国际语言正日益为人们所接受，这是不争的事实。[析用法规则]用法归纳(1)It＋is/was＋adj./n.＋todosth.这一句型中不定式作真正的主语(2)It＋is/was＋adj./n.＋doingsth.这一句型中动名词作真正的主语(3)①It＋is/was＋adj./n.＋从句②It＋动词(seem,happen,occur,make等)＋从句③It＋is/was＋分词(said,reported,known等)＋从句这些句型中从句作真正的主语注意事项(1)不定式作真正的主语时，其前可以加forsb.(句中的形容词描述不定式行为的性质或特点)或ofsb.(句中的形容词描述sb.的性格、品行)；(2)动名词作真正的主语时，句中的形容词或名词一般是nice,hard,useless,foolish,worthwhile,use,good,fun等。[背写作佳句](1)(2018·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)I'mverydelightedtoknowthatyou'reinvitedtoadinnerpartybyyourChinesefriend.ItisareallygoodopportunitytoexperienceChineseculture.(开头句)(2)(2017·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)EachTangPoemisattachedtoastory,soit'seasierforyoutounderstandthem.(要点句)(3)(2018·北京高考满分作文)It'scleverofyoutochooseChinaforfurthereducation,whichmakesmeexcited.(要点句)(4)(2018·江苏高考满分作文)Itisnecessarytoholdanobjectiveattitudetowardsratings.(总结句)2．upon/on＋n./doing...一……就……[教材原句]　Upon_finishinghisstudies,hestartedtravellinginChina.[悟拓展例句](1)Upon/On_hearingthesongLittleApple,mylittledaughtercan'thelpdancingtoit.n一听到《小苹果》这首歌，我的小女儿就会禁不住跟着它跳舞。(2)Wegotupimmediately_the_sun_appeared.太阳刚露头，我们就起床了。(3)The_moment_he_retired,_hecouldn'twaittoliveapeacefullifeinthecountry.一退休，他就迫不及待地想到乡村过平静的生活。(4)No_sooner_hadtheperformancebegunthanthelightswentout.演出刚一开始灯就灭了。[析用法规则]用法归纳(1)upon/on＋n./doing...“一……就……”，相当于assoonas引导的时间状语从句(2)immediately/directly/instantly＋从句“一……就……”(3)themoment/minute/instant＋从句“一……就……”(4)nosooner...than.../hardly...when...“一……就……”注意事项在nosooner...than.../hardly...when...句型中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时，如果nosooner或hardly位于句首，主句需用部分倒装。[背写作佳句](1)(2016·北京高考写作佳句)Uponarrivingatanearbyneighborhood,wegaveawaythedollstothelittlekidsandelderlypeoplethere.(要点句)(2)(2017·北京高考满分作文)Nosoonerhadweseenthevideothanthememoriesofthepastcamefloodingback,whichfurtherstrengthenedafirmbondtoourschool.(要点句)3．so...that...引导结果状语从句[教材原句]　Iwasalittlenervousatfirst,buteveryonewassoniceandfriendlythatIsoonstoppedworrying.[悟拓展例句](1)Asaconsequence,childrenbecomesoreliantontheirparentsthattheyhavenoindependentthoughtsorcreativeideas.结果，孩子们变得如此依赖他们的父母以至于他们没有独立的想法或创意。(2)Dalianissuchanattractiveplacethatlotsoftouristsvisitthecityeveryyear.大连是一个如此吸引人的地方以至于每年都有很多游客来观光旅游。n[析用法规则]用法归纳(1)so...that...“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。其句型基本结构：so＋(2)such...that...“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。其句型基本结构：such＋注意事项当“so＋形容词/副词”及“such...”放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装。如：Sofastdoesherunthatheisfaraheadofothers.[背写作佳句](1)(2017·北京高考满分作文)Thevideowassoperfectthatitwaswellreceived.Thestudentsandteacherssharedagreattime.(要点句)(2)(2018·江苏高考满分作文)Everyoneisfacedwithsuchwonderfulcommoditieseverydaythattheyfindtheyaredifficulttochoosefrom.(要点句)(3)(2018·北京高考写作佳句)SofastisBeijingdevelopingthatyoucanneverimaginewhatitwillbelikenextyear.(要点句)[词块、句式过关综合训练]　Ⅰ.选词填空forfree,befondof,lookbackon,makeuseof,inchargeof,usedtodosth.,devoteoneselfto,inexchangefor,comeupwith,morethan1．Youngpeopleoftenlookaheadtothefuturewhiletheelderlylook_back_onthepast.2．Weshouldmake_use_ofourtimetodousefulandproductivethings.3．Thechiefengineerisamanofwisdom,whoisin_charge_ofdirectingthebuildingofthesubway.4．Marywas_fond_ofrunningaftereverynewfashionwhenshewasyoung.5．Mostofschoolsinthatcountrysupplylunchtochildrenfor_free.6．Theteacherwonderedwhocouldcome_up_withagoodsolutiontothisproblem.7．Iused_togetuplate,butIamusedtodoingmorningexerciseseverydaynow.n8．Afterheretiredfromwork,hedevoted_himself_totheeducationinhishometown.9．IwillteachyouChinesein_exchange_foryourteachingmeEnglish.10．Listeningismore_thanjustsittingsilentlywhilesomeoneelsetalks.Ⅱ.句式升级1．On/Uponarrivingatthestation,shefoundthetrainhadjuststarted.(用assoonas改写)→As_soon_as_she_arrived_at_the_station,_she_found_the_train_had_just_started.2．Hespokesoloudlythatevenpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.(用部分倒装)→So_loudly_did_he_speak_that_even_people_in_the_next_room_could_hear_him._3．Wemustmakefulluseofwastematerialstoreducenewproducts.(用use作主语)→Full_use_must_be_made_of_waste_materials_by_us_to_reduce_new_products.4．TherearemanymistakesinmycompositionandmyEnglishteachercan'tunderstandit.(用so...that...句式)→There_are_so_many_mistakes_in_my_composition_that_my_English_teacher_can't_understand_it.5．Stayingupsolateisofnouseifyoudon'tdevoteyourselftoyourstudy.(用it作形式主语)→It's_no_use_staying_up_so_late_if_you_don't_devote_yourself_to_your_study.Ⅲ.分步写作假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Martin想了解你的校园生活，请你根据以下要点提示给他写一封信。内容包括：1．校园环境；2．课程安排；3．课外活动。注意：1.词数100左右(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearMartin，I'mwritingtotellyousomethingaboutmycampuslifewhichyouwanttoknowabout.nHowaboutyourcampuslife?Pleasewritetomesoonandtellmeaboutit.Yours，LiHua第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点本文属于应用文写作中的普通书信，时态为一般现在时，人称为第一人称。本写作要点表达可以从下面三部分着手：一是校园环境(自然环境和人文环境)；二是课程安排(上午、下午和晚上)；三是课外活动。要点表达要力求准确，避免细节错误。要点1：环境是十分宜人的，师生是非常友好的。(pleasant,friendly)Its_environment_is_quite_pleasant_and_the_teachers_and_students_here_are_very_friendly.要点2：至于学校时间表，我们上午、下午、晚上都上课。(asfor,haveclasses)As_for_the_school_timetable,_we_have_classes_in_the_morning,_afternoon_and_evening.要点3：我们每天也有许多课外活动。(afterschoolactivities)We_also_have_a_large_number_of_afterschool_activities.第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼为了使内容更充实，我们需要对要点进行添枝加叶，补充定语、状语或更换高级句式，让要点在内容上和形式上更丰满。例如：要点1，可对学校自然环境进行细节扩充：坐落在一座山脚下，前面有一条小溪经过。要点2，把上午、下午、晚上的课程安排细化，并加上到校的时间。要点3，结合生活实际，写出课外活动的具体内容(如听音乐，跳舞，打球等)。拓展1－①：我们学校坐落在一座山脚下，前面有一条小溪经过。它的环境很宜人。(with复合结构)Our_school_lies_on_the_foot_of_a_mountain_with_a_stream_passing_in_the_front.Its_environment_is_quite_pleasant.拓展1－②：这里的校长、老师和学生都非常友好和乐于助人，这使学习成为一件令人愉快的事情。(which引导的非限制性定语从句，enjoyable)The_headmaster,_teachers_and_students_here_are_very_friendly_and_helpful,_which_makes_study_an_enjoyable_thing_to_do.拓展2－①：至于学校的时间表，我们早上有四节课，下午四节，晚上两节。As_for_the_school_timetable,_we_have_four_classes_in_the_morning,_four_in_the_afternoon_and_two_in_the_evening.n拓展2－②：我们每天早上必须在7：25之前到达学校，因为我们有一节晨读课。(because引导的原因状语从句)We_have_to_reach_school_before_7：25_am_every_day_because_we_have_a_morning_reading_class.拓展3－①：尽管学习任务繁重，但我们也有大量的课外活动，如听音乐、跳舞、打篮球、踢足球、打乒乓球、打排球等。(despite,suchas)Despite_the_heavy_and_busy_study_task,_we_also_have_a_large_number_of_afterschool_activities,_such_as_listening_to_the_music,_dancing,_playing_basketball/football/table_tennis/volleyball,_etc.拓展3－②：学习一结束，我们就开始在校园里做运动。(upondoing...,intheschoolcourtyard)Upon_finishing_our_studies,_we_start_to_do_sports_in_the_school_courtyard.第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡本文的开头、结尾已经给出。要点之后可用“总之，我十分喜欢我的校园生活”这一句进行总结，凸显文章的“总—分—总”结构。结合语篇表达中的并列、因果、递进、转折等关系，可用so,besides,however,inaword等词作好文章的衔接过渡。Dear_Martin，I'm_writing_to_tell_you_something_about_my_campus_life_which_you_want_to_know_about.Our_school_lies_on_the_foot_of_a_mountain_with_a_stream_passing_in_the_front.So_its_environment_is_quite_pleasant.Besides,_the_headmaster,_teachers_and_students_here_are_very_friendly_and_helpful,_which_makes_study_an_enjoyable_thing_to_do.As_for_the_school_timetable,_we_have_four_classes_in_the_morning,_four_in_the_afternoon_and_two_in_the_evening.And_we_have_to_reach_school_before_7：25_am_every_day_because_we_have_a_morning_reading_class.However,_despite_the_heavy_and_busy_study_task,_we_also_have_a_large_number_of_afterschool_activities,_such_as_listening_to_the_music,_dancing,_playing_basketball/football/table_tennis/volleyball,_etc.Upon_finishing_our_studies,_we_start_to_do_sports_in_the_school_courtyard.In_a_word,_I_am_quite_fond_of_my_campus_life.nHow_about_your_campus_life?_Please_write_to_me_soon_and_tell_me_about_it.Yours，Li_Hua理清文体结构之(一)　应用文之广告海报——抓标题明意图，定区间细比对“广告海报”主题类应用文是阅读理解常考主题之一，在近5年全国卷应用文中占比高达30%。此类文章生僻词汇多、信息广，阅读枯燥，考生兴趣不高，虽难度不大，但常造成考生非智力因素失分。阅读此类文章，没必要字斟句酌，关键是通过文章一系列的标题明确文章的写作意图所在。掌握文章宣传介绍了什么、有何特点和价值，然后快速浏览题目，依据题干中的关键词定位信息区间，对相关内容进行比对，答案便可确定。[高考典例]　2018·全国卷Ⅲ·A篇[抓标题⇨明意图·定区间]WelcometoHolkerHall&Gardens[读文解题技法]主标题副标题①◄小标题①◄小标题②◄小标题③◄副标题②◄小标题④◄小标题⑤◄VisitorInformationHow_to_Get_to_HolkerByCar:FollowbrownsignsonA590fromJ36,M6.Approximatetraveltimes：Windermere—20minutes,Kendal—25minutes,Lancaster—45minutes,Manchester—1hour30minutes.ByRail：TheneareststationisCarkinCartmelwithtrainstoCarnforth,LancasterandPrestonforconnectionstomajorcities&airports.Opening_TimesSunday－Friday(closedonSaturday)11：00am－4：00pm,30thMarch－2ndNovember.Admission_Charges　　　　　Hall&Gardens　　　　Gardens一看“主标题”断文章体裁由主标题WelcometoHolkerHall&Gardens可推断该文章为一则旅游促销广告。二找“副标题”知篇章构成由文中2个副标题可知，本文由两部分构成——与游客相关的信息和特别活动内容。三研“小标题”析具体细节游客相关信息中含有3个小标题，分别介绍了到达方式、展览开放时间及相关收费情况。特别活动中含有4个小标题，分别介绍了在四个不同时间的活动。四略细枝末节，省读文时间由以上3n小标题⑥◄小标题⑦◄Adults：　　　￡12.00￡8.00Groups：　　　￡9.00￡5.50SpecialEventsProducers'_Market　13thAprilJoinustotasteavarietyoffreshlocalfoodanddrinks.Meettheproducersandgetsomeexcellentrecipeideas.Holker_Garden_Festival　30thMayTheeventcelebratesits22ndanniversarywithagreatshowoftheverybestofgardening,makingitoneofthemostpopulareventsingardening.National_Garden_Day　28thAugustHolkeronceagainopensitsgardensinaidofthedisadvantaged.Forjustasmalldonationyoucantakeatourwithourgardenguide.Winter__Market　8thNovemberThisisaneventforallthefamily.Wanderamongavarietyofshopssellinggiftswhileenjoyingalivemusicshowandnicestreetentertainment.类标题可知文章的基本信息，为下面查找题干关键词奠定了基础；至于文章中细枝末节可略读或不读，以节省考场宝贵时间。五寻题干关键词，比对得出答案由以上步骤可轻易判断题干中的关键词及其在文中的出处；两者比照、核对可轻易得出答案。[定区间·细比对]21.HowlongdoesitprobablytakeatouristtotoHolkerfrom？A．20minutes.　　　　　　B．25minutes.21.由题干中的“atouristtodriveto”可首先定位到小标题①，再根据解题关键词“drive”及nC．45minutes.D．90minutes.“Manchester”可定位到“ByCar”所在段落，比对该段中的内容与选项即可得出答案。22.Howmuchshouldamemberofatourpaytovisit？A．￡12.00.　　　　　　　B．￡9.00.C．￡8.00.D．￡5.50.22.题干中的“pay”表明这是询问收费情况，可定位区间到小标题③，再由题干中的“group”及“Hall&Gardens”可锁定其下的数字，比对可得出答案。23.Whicheventwillyougotoifyouwanttosee？A．Producers'Market.　　　B．HolkerGardenFestival.C．NationalGardenDay.D．WinterMarket.23.由题干中的“event”可首先定位到副标题②，由解题关键词“alivemusicshow”定位到文章最后一段，再比对所在小标题，即可得出答案。[答案]　21.D　22.B　23.D