（全国版）高考英语unit3theworldonline单元话题语篇训练——阅读理解组块专练 9页

Unit3Theworldonline单元话题语篇训练——阅读理解组块专练（练速度）Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2019·陕西质检)Theelectricityworkers'strikehasbeengoingonforthreedays.Belowaresomestatementsaboutthestrike.Mr.MikeSmith：Itwasn'taneasydecision,butwehavebeenaskingforareasonablewageforyears.Nowatlastpeoplearebeginningtolistentous.We'reonlyaskingfora25percentincreaseinourwages.It'sapitysomanypeoplehavetobeinconveniencedbyourstrike,butpleasedon'tblameus.Blamethegovernmentforrefusingourclaim.Mr.TomBrown：It'stotallyunreasonabletodemandsomuchmoneywhenwearetryingdesperatelytostopthepricesgoingup.Ifwagesgoup,sodoprices.Ifwegiveintothem,alltheotherunionswouldwantmore,withtheinevitableresultthatthecrisis(危机)wouldbecomeuncontrollable.Weofferthema10percentincrease.Andthat'salreadytoomuch.MystandonthestrikeistopersuadetheUniontoseethereason.Mr.BobDavis：Everybodywillbehurtbythisstrike,includingtheelectricityworkersthemselves.Theeconomywillbedestroyedandmanypeoplewilllosetheirjobs.Alreadypeoplearesayingthatthebigunionshavetoomuchpowerandshouldn'tbeallowedtostrike.Ofcoursetheelectricityworkerswanttogetmoremoney.Don'tweall?MissStater：Let'sfaceit.It'sneitherherenorthere.Theelectricityworkersareinastrongposition.Perhapswecan'tdoanythingaboutit.WhatIsayis:letthemhavetheir250dollarssotheycanreturntowork.Imean,thegovernmentwastesthetaxpayers'moneyallthetimeonunimportantthings.Howcananyonesay250dollarsis“toomuch”？Popsingersgetmore.Nursesgetless.It'sjustoneofthosethings.语篇解读：本文介绍了四个人针对电力工人罢工陈述了不同的观点。1．Whoismostlikelytobeanemployeeinelectricityindustry?A．Mr.MikeSmith.　　　B．Mr.TomBrown.C．Mr.BobDavis.D．MissStater.n解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句“It'sapitysomanypeoplehavetobeinconveniencedbyourstrike,butpleasedon'tblameus.Blamethegovernmentforrefusingourclaim”可知，MikeSmith先生认为，他们的罢工是因为政府拒绝他们的要求。据此可知，MikeSmith先生很可能是电力工人，故A项正确。2．TheunderlinedwordinParagraph3mostprobablymeans“________”．A．avoidableB．inspiringC．automaticD．sensitive解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据该句中的“Ifwegiveintothem,alltheotherunionswouldwantmore”可知，TomBrown先生认为，如果他们对工人让步，则其他的工会将会提出更多的要求；结合该句中的“withtheinevitableresultthatthecrisis(危机)wouldbecomeuncontrollable”可知，这必然会导致危机变得不可控制。据此可以判断，画线词意为“必然发生的”与C项含义相近，故C项正确。3．Wecanlearnfromthetextthat________.A．theelectricityworkerswon'tachievetheirgoalB．thegovernmentwon'tmeettheworkers'demandC．thestrikecausedlittletroubleforthesocietyD．theworkersgotlittlesupportfromthesociety解析：选D　推理判断题。通读第三至四段可知，TomBrown先生认为工资上涨势必导致物价上涨，故他们的工资上涨10%就已经很多了；BobDavis先生认为，所有人在此次罢工中都会受到伤害，包括电力工人自己，而且工会权力太大，不应当批准罢工。据此可以判断，电力工人的要求几乎没有得到社会的支持，故D项正确。B(2019·武汉市武昌区调研)Whenhelookedatme,itwasclearmyfatherwasn'tsurewhoIwas.AndasIlookedbackathim,Iwasn'tsurewhohewas,either.Myfatherhadjustgonethroughheartsurgeryand6daysinintensivecare.He'dreturnedtothehospitalwherehe'dworkedfor40years.Itwasthehospitalwhereallhischildrenhadbeenborn.Thedoctorssaidthathemayhavealongperiodofconfusionafterthesurgery.Andbecausehe'seightysix,itmaybemanymonthsbeforehereturnstonormal.It'salsopossiblehemayneverbe“normal”again.Isatthereinthishospitalroom,spoonfeedingthemanI'veseenaspowerfulandcapableallmylife.Itfeltlikethefullcircleoflifehadcomearoundus.Itfeltgoodtosupporthim,yetpartofmewantedtotellhimtobe“normal”again.Iwasn'tsureifIwasreadytoacceptthefullmeaningofit:thatmyfathermayneverbethatpowerfulandcapablepersonagain.nPainandsufferinghavevisitedmyfamily,astheywillvisitallfamilies.Andwhilewehesitatetofacepainandsuffering,theyhavegreatlessonstoteachus.Painandsufferingarewelloutsideoftheboundariesofoureverydaylife.Whentheycome,theybreaktheseboundariesandturnourworldupsidedown.Webecomeafamilywithalloftheotherswhohaveknownthepainandsuffering.Andwehaveanotherchancetoconsiderwhat'strulyimportantinourlives.Thiscrisiswillpass,andwe'llallbechangedbyit.Thehealinghandsoftimewilldotheirwork.I'mthankfulthatI'vetoldmyfathereverythingI'vewantedtosaytohim.AndI'mthankfultohavemyfamilytoleanonduringthisdifficulttime.We'llallbechallengedbythistoshowmoresupport,care,andlove.Thisisasitshouldbe.Sometimes,ittakesacrisistoremindusofwhywe'reallhere.语篇解读：本文是一篇家庭生活类记叙文。在作者眼里，父亲一向都是强壮能干的，但是现在父亲年事已高，住院动了心脏手术后已经不认识作者了。作者感慨痛苦与苦难会让人变得更坚强，痛苦终将过去，家人是我们的依靠。4．Whatdoweknowaboutthewriter'sfatherfromthepassage?A．Hewillrecoverfromhisillnesssoon.B．Hehasbeenlyinginbedfor40years.C．Heusedtobeapowerfulandcapableman.D．Hedidn'tknowtheauthorafterheadsurgery.解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Isatthereinthishospitalroom,spoonfeedingthemanI'veseenaspowerfulandcapableallmylife”中的powerfulandcapable可知，在作者眼里，父亲以前是强壮能干的，所以选C。5．Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenthinkingofthepainandsufferinghisfamilyhad?A．Grateful.B．Inspired.C．Exhausted.D．Sorrowful.解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第二句“AndI'mthankfultohavemyfamilytoleanonduringthisdifficulttime”及文章最后一段可知，作者感恩困难时期家人的支持，从另外一方面讲，是痛苦和苦难让作者知道了生活的意义，所以选A。6．Whatdoestheauthorprobablyagreewith?A．Lifeismorefragilethanexpected.B．Somethingniceweightslight.C．Painandsufferingoftengohandinhand.nD．Weshouldtreattheoldinanabnormalway.解析：选A　推理判断题。文章讲述的是在作者眼里一直强壮能干的父亲，在做了心脏手术之后，认不出作者了。所以，作者可能认同这种观点：生活比预想的更脆弱。所以选A。7．Whatdoestheauthoraimtoexpressinthispassage?A．Painandsufferingareboundtopass.B．Painandsufferingbringusbeneficialexperiences.C．Wecannotalwaysavoidfacingpainandsuffering.D．Wewillnoteventuallybedefeatedbypainandsuffering.解析：选B　主旨大意题。文章是记叙文，作者首先讲述了父亲手术之后的情况，在最后两段里，作者感慨痛苦与苦难会让我们汲取教训，会给我们机会去思考生命中真正重要的是什么，并让我们认识到生活的意义。也就是说，痛苦与苦难会给我们一些有益的东西，所以选B。C(2019·石家庄模拟)Expertsbelievethatthebesttimetoteachkidslanguageskillsiswhentheyarebabies.Mosttimethetaskiseasilyaccomplishedwithparentsreadingortalkingtotheirbabies.However,insomecasesthatisnotpossibleduetobusyworkschedulesorwhenkidsareborndeaf.Now,anadorableblueeyedrobot,ahumanavatar,andsomehightechneurosciencemaybeabletoassistparentswiththisimportantdevelopmentaltask.TheRobotAVatarthermalEnhancedsystem,orRAVE,isthebrainchildofateamofresearchersledbyLauraAnnPetitto,aneducationalneuroscientist,atWashington,D.C．'sGallaudetUniversity.Thelearningprocessbeginswhentherobot'scamera,whichisfocusedonthebaby'sface,detectstinychangesinhis/herbodytemperature.This,combinedwiththebaby'sfacialexpression,causestherobottoturnitsheadandguidethebaby'sattentiontoacomputerscreen,onwhichahumanavatarstartstocommunicatewiththebaby,muchlikeaparentwould.Forexample,ifthebabypointstowardsthescreen,theavatarmightrespond,“Areyoupointingtome？”andfollowthatupwithanurseryrhyme,fairytale,orsomeessentialsocialcommunication,allinAmericanSignLanguage(ASL).The“conversation”continuesuntilthekidlosesinterest.Theresearchers,whohavebeentestingthesystemforthreeyears,foundthatbabiesasyoungas6to8monthsoldbegantomovetheirhandsinarhythmsimilartoASLafterinteractingwithRAVEforjustafewminutes.Petittosaysnaturalnlanguage,whethercommunicatedthroughspeechorsign,activatesthesamepartsofthebrainandbelievestherhythmicmotionsprovethebabiesarelearningtheessentialelementsofcommunication.Whatsetsthistechniqueapartfromothermethods,suchasshowingeducationalvideosortelevisionshows,isitsinteractivenatureandrealtimeresponsetothebaby'sactions.Theresearcherssaythatwhileitistooearlytodeterminethesystem'slongterminfluenceonbabycommunication,theinitialresponsehasbeenveryencouraging.Next,theyplantointroduceanavatarthatcanbothsignandspeaktobabies.语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文，主要介绍了一种可以帮助父母教婴儿学习语言的系统，以及该系统的工作原理、效果评价和研究人员对这种技术的展望。8．WhatcantheRAVEsystemhelpparentsdo?A．Improvebabies'healthcondition.B．Takegoodcareofbabies.C．Developbabies'languageskills.D．Keepbabiescompany.解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，专家认为教孩子语言技能的最佳时间是孩子的婴儿时期；结合第一段尾句以及第二段中的“TheRobot...ateamofresearchers”可知，RAVE系统可以帮助父母完成教婴儿学习语言的任务，故C项正确。9．WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?A．HowbabieslearnASLeffectively.B．Howparentseducatetheirbabies.C．Howrobotstalkandreadtobabies.D．HowtheRAVEsystemworks.解析：选D　段落大意题。根据第二段第二、三句“Thelearningprocessbegins...onwhichahumanavatarstartstocommunicatewiththebaby,muchlikeaparentwould”并结合全段内容可知，该段主要介绍了RAVE系统的工作原理，故D项正确。10．WhatindicatesbabiesarelearningwiththehelpoftheRAVEsystem?A．InterestinvideosandTVshows.B．Changesintheirbodytemperature.C．Improvementintheirnaturallanguage.D．HandmovementsinarhythmlikeASL.解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“babiesasyoung...afewminutes”可知，在和这种系统交流互动之后，婴儿就会开始以类似于ASL的节奏晃动他们的手，故D项正确。n11．WhatdotheresearchersthinkoftheRAVEsystem?A．Promising.B．Impractical.C．Satisfactory.D．Disappointing.解析：选A　观点态度题。根据第四段第二、三句“Theresearcherssay...theinitialresponsehasbeenveryencouraging.Next,theyplantointroduceanavatarthatcanbothsignandspeaktobabies”可知，研究人员对这种系统的发展是充满着希望的，A项意为“很有前途的，大有希望的”，符合语境，故A项正确。D(2019·福州质检)Ifyouthoughtpilotsdimmed(使变昏暗)thelightsbeforetakeofftogiveyousomeshuteye,thinkagain.Believeitornot,thedimlightingcouldactuallyhelpsaveyourlifeincaseofaplaneemergency.Thedimmedlightsbeforetakingofffromtherunwayandlandingareaflightprecautionusedtohelppassengers'eyesadjustquickerduringanemergencyescape.“Goingfromabrightlylitenvironmenttoonethat'scompletelydarkwouldrequiresometimeforoureyestofocusandseetheescapeslide，”AliceTheriault,servicedirectorforAirCanadawroteinapressstatement.“Sinceweneedtohaveallthesecondsonoursideintheeventofanemergency,dimmingthelightsisoneofmanystepswetaketoensurethesafetyofourcustomers.”Thephenomenonthatyoureyesseethosestrangespeckles(小斑点)asyoursightadjuststoadarkplaceafterbeinginalightplaceiscalleddarkadaptation.Itnormallytakesoureyesabout20to30minutestoseebestinadarkroom.Thebrighterthelights,thelongerittakesforoureyestoadjust,whichiswhydimmingtheplanelightscouldshortenyour“darkadaptation”timesinceyouhaven'tbeensittingunderfluorescentbulbs(荧光灯)allflight.Notonlydoesdimminglightsaddvaluabletimetotheescapeprocess,italsoreducesthetensiononyoureyesifyouneedtolookoutside,orseetheemergencylightingalongthepassage.“Ithelpskeepyouintherightdirection，”PatrickSmith,anairlinepilotandauthorofCockpitConfidentialtoldTheTelegraph.“Italsomakesiteasierforflightattendantstoassessanyoutsiderisks,suchasfireordebris,whichmightaffectanescape.”Sonexttimeapilotdimsthelights,justknowit'sforyoursafety,eventhoughitcreatesagentleatmosphereforyourtakeoffintothesky.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了飞行员在飞机起飞和降落之前把机舱内的灯光调暗的原因。n12．Thelightsareturneddownbeforetakeofftohelppassengers________.A．takeashortbreakB．escapeintimefromanemergencyC．createawarmatmosphereD．adapttheireyestothebrightenvironment解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Thedimmedlightsbeforetakingofffromtherunwayandlandingareaflightprecautionusedtohelppassengers'eyesadjustquickerduringanemergencyescape”可知，在飞机起飞和降落前把(机舱内的)灯光调暗是一种飞行预防措施，用于帮助乘客在紧急逃生时使眼睛更快速地适应周围的环境。故本题选B。13．Whatisoneoftherolesofshortening“darkadaptation”time?A．Slowingdownthelanding.B．Adjustingtheplanelights.C．Keepingpassengerscalm.D．Helpingthecrewjudgeoutsiderisks.解析：选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Italsomakesiteasierforflightattendantstoassessanyoutsiderisks,suchasfireordebris,whichmightaffectanescape”可知，它也使乘务员更容易评估任何外部风险，如火灾或碎片，这些可能会影响逃生。故选D项。14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inthelastparagraphreferto?A．Dimminglights.B．Theescapeprocess.C．Reducingtension.D．Thepassage.解析：选A　代词指代题。在最后一段第一句“Notonlydoesdimminglightsaddvaluabletimetotheescapeprocess,italsoreducesthetension...passage”中，dimminglights为句子的主语；又因it用于指代上文出现过的同一个事物，故此处“It”指代前一句中的“dimminglights”，故选A。15．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Atipofairtravel.B．Anemergencyeventonaplane.C．Awarningmessageonaplane.D．Anexplanationofanairlinesafetymeasure.解析：选D　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了飞行员在飞机起飞和降落前会把机舱内的灯光调暗的原因；再根据文章第二段最后一句中的“dimmingthelightsisoneofmanystepswetaketoensurethesafetyofourncustomers”可知，文章主要介绍了一项航空安全措施，并非“一条航空旅行的建议”“飞机上的一个紧急事件”或“飞机上的一则警告信息”。故本题选D。Ⅱ.阅读七选五(2019·东北三省四市模拟)Doesyourmoodchangewiththeseasons?Somepeoplefindthatwhenthetemperaturegoesdown,sodotheirspirits.__16__Theyeatmoreandgainweight.Theyhavetroublesleeping.Theycan'tthinkclearly.Herearesomewaysyoucanbeatthewinterblues.Getoutinthesun.Someexpertssaythatwinterblueshappenbecausewegetlesssunlightinthewinterthanwedoinotherseasons.Somesaythatthedecreaseinsunlightcanmakeusfeelsad.__17__Getsomeexercise.Awalkorotherexercisewillmakechemicalscalledendorphins(内啡肽)inyourbody.Endorphinsarenatural“feelgood”chemicals.__18__Avoidhavingtoomuchsugar.Ifyoucravesugaryfoods(likecookiesorcandy),itmaybeasignthatyouneedmoreprotein(蛋白质),likemeat,eggs,orfish.Getsomerest.Avoidholidaystress.Cutbackifyouhavetoomanythingstodo.Makesureyouhavesomequiettimetoyourself.__19__Studiesshowthatmostteensneedaboutninehoursofsleepeachnight.Theaverageteen,though,getsonlyaboutsixorsevenhoursofsleeppernight.Gethelp.Becautiousifyoufeelsadallthetimeandthefeelingwon'tgoaway.__20__Talktoanadultwhoyoutrustorgethelpfromadoctor.A．Eatmorehealthfulfoods.B．Choosedifferentfoodsinseason.C．Don'tbesobusythatyougetrundown.D．Thosepeoplesometimesfeelsadfornoreason.E．Youmayhaveabiggerproblemthanthewinterblues.F．Gettingextrasunlighteachdaycanhelpbrightenyourmood.G．Aregularpatternofsleepisthemostimportantthingtomaintain.语篇解读：有些人的情绪会随着季节的变化而变化。本文介绍了五种克服冬季抑郁的方法。16．解析：选D　根据空前一句可知，有的人当温度下降时，情绪也会低落，本段主要说明了这种现象，空后叙述了具体的表现。所以D项符合语境。17．解析：选F　根据上文的“Getoutinthesun”和“Somesaythatthedecreaseninsunlightcanmakeusfeelsad”可知，F项与上文衔接紧密，符合语境。18．解析：选A　根据本段的内容可知，本段说的是健康饮食。所以选A项。19．解析：选C　根据段首的“Getsomerest”可知，本段说的是要注意休息。故C项符合语境。20．解析：选E　根据上下文可知，空处前后在含义上存在轻微的递进关系，结合选项可知，E项“你可能有比冬季抑郁更严重的问题”能很好地起到过渡作用。故选E项。