（江苏专用）2019年高中英语unit2witnessingtimesectionⅴproject教案（含解析）牛津译林版 14页

SectionⅤProjectFastreadingTrue(T)orFalse(F)．1．TheMingImperialTombsarelocatedinBeijingandNanjing.(T)2．TheMingTombhadagreateffectontheQingTombs.(T)3.ThegovernmenthasnotgivenseriousattentiontotheprotectionoftheMingandQingTombs.(F)SummaryImperialTombsTheMingandQingImperialTombsareamongthemostextraordinarycultural1.remainstobefoundanywhere.Theseworldfamoussitesareequaltothepyramidsin2.Egypt.Any3.visitortoChinashouldtrytoincludetheMingandQingTombsaspartofhisorhertour.ThemostpopularsitesoftheImperialTombsofChinaaretheMingTombs,mostofwhichcanbefound50kilometresnorthwestofBeijinginaplacecalledShisanling.TheQingTombsare4.apparentlyinfluencedbytheMingTombs,especiallyin5.termsofarchitectureandthe6.waytheyareplacedamongthe7.surroundingmountainsandvalleys.8．PreservingtheMingandQingTombshasbeengivenseriousattentionin9.recentdecades,the10.governmenthasstrengthenedregulationtoprotectthesehistoricsites.Ⅰ.高频单词A．根据所给词性和汉语意思写出单词1．royaladj.　　　　王室的，皇家的2．upperadj.上边的，上部的3．fragrantadj.芬芳的，芳香的4．brickn.砖头，砖块5．civiliann.平民6．registervt.&vi.　登记，注册n.登记表，注册簿7．fragileadj.易损的；易碎的；脆弱的n8．stewardn.管家；乘务员，服务员B．用所给单词的适当形式填空9．Wedecoratedournewhousewithvariouslightsanditlooksbrilliantespeciallyintheevening.Thedecorationofthehousetookmonthstocomplete.(decoration)10．Itbecameapparentthatthecarhadanaccident,butfortunatelyshemanagedtoclimboutofthecar,apparentlyunhurt.(apparent)11．Therearestrictrulesregulatingtheuseofchemicalsinfood,butthecompanyisn'tstrictinenforcinghealthandsafetyregulations.(regulation)12．Travellingabroadwasaverystressfulexperience.Motherwarnedmetobemorecareful.Shesaidshecouldn'tstressenoughtheneedforsafety.(stress)13．LastweektheywenttoStLouistoexplore,buttheyhadnomapstoassistthem.Luckilyalocalfarmercametotheirassistance.(assistance)Ⅱ.重点短语1．preparefor　　　　　　准备2．beequalto与……相媲美；胜任3．attheheartof在……的中心4．intermsof在……方面；从……方面来说5．takeup占据；开始从事6．mostimportantofall最重要的是Ⅲ.经典句型[句型展示]　At_the_upper_end_of_the_Sacred_Way_is_Changling,_thelargestoftheMingTombs.在圣道的顶端是长陵，明朝最大的陵墓。[典例背诵]InalecturehallofauniversityinEnglandsataprofessor.在英格兰一所大学的讲堂里坐着一位教授。n1.decorationn．装饰，装潢；(复数)装饰品；勋章；奖章[教材原句]　ManyofthedecorationsaremadefromafragranttypeofwoodnativetoChina,andtheflooriscoveredwith‘gold’bricks.所有的木质饰品都是用一种中国自产的香木制成的，地面铺的是一种称为“金砖”的优质砖。①Whenwilltheyfinishthedecorationofthebathroom?他们什么时候才能把盥洗室装饰好？②Theyareputtingupdecorationsforthefestival.他们在为节日布置装饰品。decoratev．　　　　装饰，装潢decorate...with用……装饰……③Thehallwasdecoratedwithflowers.大厅里装饰着花朵。[即境活用1]　Wewant________thewindow________flowers.A．decorate;with　　　B．decorate;inC．todecorate;withD．todecorate;use解析：选C。decorate...with...“用……来装饰”；wanttodo...“想要做……”。2．apparentadj.明显的，显而易见的；表面上的；未必真实的[教材原句]　ItisapparentthattheQingTombsareinfluencedbytheMingTombs,especiallyintermsofarchitectureandthewaytheyareplacedamongthesurroundingmountainsandvalleys.尤其从陵墓的建筑风格以及它们被建于山间及河谷的方式来看，很显然清朝的陵墓受到了明朝陵墓的影响。①Heseemstobeincalmfacingtheaccident,butthiscalmnessismoreapparentthanreal.面临着这个事故，他看起来很镇定，但他的平静只是表面上的，而不是真实的平静。②Certainproblemswereapparentfromthebeginning.某些问题从一开始就是显而易见的。nItisapparentthat...　　　……是显然的fornoapparentreason不知什么原因apparentlyadv.显然地③Itwasapparentthatshewasgoingtodie.很明显，她快要死了。④Sheturnedtofacehim,herangerapparentlygone.她转过身面对着他，好像怒气已经消退了。[即境活用2]　The________causeofhisillnesswasexcessivedrinking,buttherealcausewashisdeepgriefathiswife'sdeath.A．apparent　　　　　B．obviousC．clearD．distinct解析：选A。句意：表面上他生病的原因是过度饮酒，但实际原因是丧妻之痛。apparent“显然的，表面上的”；obvious“明显的”；clear“明白的，清楚的”；distinct“清晰的，明确的”。3．stress[教材原句]　Inaddition,gettingthesehistoricsitesrecognizedbytherestoftheworldishelpfulforpreservingandrepairingthem,asitstressestoeveryonetheirextremeimportanceandvalue.另外，使这些历史遗址得到国际认可有助于保护和修复它们，因为这向世人强调了它们极大的重要性和宝贵价值。(1)vt.强调；重读①I'djustliketostresstheimportanceofpolitenessinthisjob.我只想强调在这项工作中礼貌的重要性。②Itmustbestressedthatthisdiseaseisveryrare.必须着重指出，这种病非常罕见。(2)n.强调；重读；重音；压力③Anewreviewbasedonaresearchshowsthatacutestressaffectsthewaythebrainconsiderstheadvantagesanddisadvantages.一项新的研究表明，压力太大会影响到大脑考虑利弊的思维方式。lay/putgreatstresson＝stress　　强调beunderstress/sufferfromstress　　　　　　　　　在压力下/受到压力beunderthestressof为……所迫，为……所驱使nstressmark重音符号④Manyschoolslay/putstressonforeignlanguageeducation.很多学校重视外语教育。⑤Heisunderstressbecausehisfamilywaspoor.他因家庭贫穷而感到有压力。[即境活用3]Thecompanyplacestoomuch________oncostandnotenoughonquality,sotheproductsdon'tsellwell.A．strengthen　　　　　　　B．stretchC．stressD．force解析：选C。句意：这家公司对成本强调太多，而对质量重视不够，因此产品卖得不好。placestresson“强调”。4．assistancen．[U]帮助，援助，协助，支持[教材原句]　Thisishelpingbringneededattention,assistanceandmoneyforprotectingtheMingandQingTombs.这有助于获取必要的关注、认可和资金来保护明清陵墓。　　帮助(做)某事beofassistance帮助(忙)cometosb.'sassistance帮助某人withtheassistanceofsb./sth.在某人/某物的协助下①CanIbeofanyassistance?我能帮上忙吗？②Iwaitedpatientlyhopingthatsomeonewouldcometomyassistance.我耐心地等着，希望有人会来帮我。③Hecanwalkonlywiththeassistanceofawalkingstick.他只能靠拐杖走路。assistvt.&vi.　　　　帮助；协助；援助n帮某人做某事④Weaskedhimtoassistusindesigninganewbridge.我们请他帮我们设计一座新桥。[即境活用4]　Ateamofnurses________thedoctor________performingtheoperation.A．helped;to　　　　B．helped;withC．assisted;inD．assisted;with解析：选C。句意：一组护士帮助那位医生做手术。assistsb.indoingsth.“帮助某人做某事”，也可说成helpsb.(to)dosth.或helpsb.withsth.。5．beequalto(doing)sth.与……相等；能胜任(做)某事[教材原句]　TheseworldfamoussitesareequaltothepyramidsinEgypt.这些举世闻名的遗址可以与埃及的金字塔相媲美。①Apoundisroughlyequalto500grams.1磅约等于500克。②I'msureBarbala'squiteequaltothetask.我确信巴巴拉完全有能力承担这项任务。③Heisn'tequaltomeetingourdemands.他不太合乎我们的要求。beequalin　　　　在……方面相同feelequalto能胜任，有能力去做bewithoutequal无比，无敌④Thetwotownsareroughlyequalinsize.两个城镇的规模大致相同。⑤HispaintingsarewithoutequalintheWesternworld.他的画在西方世界首屈一指。[即境活用5]Idonotfeelequalto________herthetruth.A．tell　　　　　　　B．toldC．tellingD．beingtoldn解析：选C。考查be/feelequalto的用法。句意：我自己没有勇气告诉她真相。be/feelequaltodoing意为“有(做)……的能力/勇气，能胜任(做)……”。6．intermsof在……方面，从……方面来说①Intermsoflanguagedevelopment,laterbornslearnalotfromtheireldersiblings.就语言的发展而言，后来出生的孩子会从哥哥姐姐那里学到很多东西。②Intermsofmoneywe'requiterich,butnotintermsofhappiness.就钱这方面来说我们很富有，但论及幸福就不然了。cometotermswithsb.　　与某人和解；妥协；让步beongood/badtermswith与……关系很好(坏)inthelong(short)term从长远(眼前)来看inone'sterms在某人看来onequalterms在平等的条件下③Thecountryisverypoorandithastocometotermswiththeneighbouringcountries.这个国家很穷，它必须与邻国和解。④Thecompany'sprospectslookgoodinthelongterm.公司的前景看来不错。[即境活用6]—ForeigntradehasbeendevelopingveryfastinGuangdong.—Yes.GuangdongisChina'slargestprovince________foreigntradevolume.A．intermsofB．inspiteofC．incaseofD．infavorof解析：选A。句意：“广东的外贸发展非常迅速。”“是啊。从外贸总额的角度来看，广东是中国最大的省。”intermsof“从……的角度”；inspiteof“尽管”；incaseof“万一”；infavorof“赞成，支持”。At_the_upper_end_of_the_Sacred_Way_is_Changling,_thelargestoftheMingTombs.在圣道的顶端是长陵，明朝最大的陵墓。(1)本句为倒装句，其结构为“介词短语＋连系动词＋主语”。正常语序为：Changling,thelargestoftheMingTombs,isattheupperendoftheSacredWay.n(2)在英语中，当“介词短语/形容词/分词”提到连系动词前面时，句子要求采用全部倒装。构成“介词短语/形容词/分词＋连系动词＋主语”结构(倒装语序)。①Infrontofourhouseisabeautifulgarden.我们房子的前面是一个美丽的花园。②Gonearethedayswhenwelivedapoorlife.我们过贫穷生活的日子一去不复返了。③Sittinginthefrontaretheleadersoftheschool.坐在前面的是学校的领导。④PresentatthemeetingwereProfessorWhite,ProfessorSmithandmanyotherguests.出席会议的有怀特教授、史密斯教授以及许多其他的客人。⑤Writtenontheblackboardarethenamesofthosewhowerelateyesterday.黑板上写着昨天迟到的人的姓名。[即境活用]①Distinguishedguestsandfriends,welcometoourschool.________theceremonyofthe50thAnniversarythismorningareouralumni(校友)fromhomeandabroad.A．Attend　　　　　　　B．ToattendC．AttendingD．Havingattended解析：选C。考查全部倒装。后句中句子主语过长，故将表语部分提前，以维持句子结构平衡。正常语序为：Ouralumni(校友)fromhomeandabroadareattendingtheceremonyofthe50thAnniversarythismorning.②(2010·重庆高考)AtthemeetingplaceoftheYangtzeRiverandtheJialingRiver________，oneofthetenlargestcitiesinChina.A．liesChongqingB．ChongqingliesC．doeslieChongqingD．doesChongqinglie解析：选A。考查倒装。表示方位的介词短语AtthemeetingplaceoftheYangtzeRiverandtheJialingRiver位于句首，故此处应该用全部倒装。Ⅰ.单词拼写1．TheRococodecoration(装饰方式)insidethepalaceisdelightful.2．Heranxietywasapparent(显而易见的)toeveryone.3．Thedamaskrose(大马士革蔷薇)isextremelyfragrant(芳香的)．4．Hewasdrawingupareportwiththeassistance(帮助)ofexperts.5．Howmanystudentshaveregistered(登记)forEnglishclasses?6．Therearetoomanyrulesandregulations(条例)governingsmallnbusinesses.7．Theword‘machine’isstressed(重读)onthesecondsyllable.8．Thecountry'sfragile(脆弱的)economyisthreatenedbythecontinueddrought.9．Themonkeysliveintheupper(上部的)branches.10．Thecompanyadopteddifferentlevelsofthemanagementpyramid(金字塔式体系)．Ⅱ.完成句子1．他在会议上强调了接受良好教育的重要性。Hestressed_the_importance_ofacceptingagoodeducationatthemeeting.2．他一直在儿子的协助下经营这家公司。He'sbeenrunningthecompanywith_the_assistance_ofhisson.3．他莫名其妙地突然就走了。Suddenly,for_no_apparent_reason,_hewalkedaway.4．我们用彩灯来装饰圣诞树。WedecoratedtheChristmastreewithcolourfullights.5．她的知识贫乏，不能胜任这样一份工作。Herknowledgeispoor;sheisn't_equal_tosuchatask.Ⅲ.单项填空1．Jack'sroomalwayshasthedustysmellofanapartmentwhosewindowsare________opened.A．rarely　　　　　　　B．generallyC．apparentlyD．frequently解析：选A。考查副词辨析。句意：杰克的房间总是有一种因为窗户很少打开的那种积满尘土的味道。rarely“很少地”；generally“通常地”；apparently“显然地”；frequently“经常地”。由句意知A项正确。2．________achievement,lastweek'sministerialmeetingoftheWTOhereearnedalow,thoughnotfailing,grade.A．IntermsofB．IncaseofC．AsaresultofD．Infaceof解析：选A。intermsof“就……而言，从……方面来说”；incaseof“以防”；asaresultof“由于”；infaceof“面对”。3．Inmyopinion,nosearchenginecan________Baiduinsearchscopeandspeed.nA．competeB．equalC．winD．suit解析：选B。句意：依我看，没有一个搜索引擎在搜索范围和速度上能赶上百度。compete“竞争”，是不及物动词，后须加介词with；win多指“赢得比赛、奖金等”；suit“适合”；equal可作及物动词，意为“与……相同或相等”，符合句意。4．Todaywomen________44%oftheworkforce,andnearlyhalfthemotherswithchildrenareengagedinpaidworkinBritain.A．buildupB．sendupC．takeupD．makeup解析：选D。考查短语辨析。buildup“加大，加强，增多”；sendup“发射”；takeup“占据；从事；拿起”；makeup“占……比例；组成；编造；凑数”。根据句子的意思，应选D。5．(2010·湖南高考)Listeningtoloudmusicatrockconcerts________causedhearinglossinsometeenagers.A．isB．areC．hasD．have解析：选C。考查语态和主谓一致。该句是一个含有主谓宾的主动句，其中的主语和宾语均为动名词短语。当动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。故选C项。6．Outsidetheschool________manycivilians,tooanxioustoknowtheresultsofthevote.A．standsB．standingC．standD．isstanding解析：选C。考查倒装和主谓一致。题干是一个完全倒装句，主语是manycivilians，谓语动词用复数，所以选C。7．Ourparentswilllay________ontheimportanceofstudyassoonastheyfinduswatchingTV.A．urgeB．attentionC．adviceD．stress解析：选D。考查名词辨析。句意：我们的父母一见我们看电视就强调学习的重要性。laystresson意为“强调……，重视……”，是固定搭配，符合题意。urge“督促”；attention“注意”；advice“建议”。8．Thestreetswere________flagsonNationalDay.A．decoratedwithB．decoratedonC．decoratedinD．decoratedbyn解析：选A。bedecoratedwith“被……所装饰”。9．It'sverydifficultto________theeffectsofthenewlegislationjustyet.A．findB．judgeC．assessD．assist解析：选C。句意：现在还难以评价新法令的效果。assess“评价，评定”，符合句意。find“找到”；judge“判断”；assist“帮助”。10．(2011·江西高考)Shehasalreadytriedherbest.Pleasedon'tbetoo________aboutherjob.A．specialB．responsibleC．unusualD．particular解析：选D。考查固定搭配。句意：她已经尽了最大的努力，请不要对她的工作太挑剔了。beparticularabout“对……挑剔”。Ⅳ.阅读理解Manytrafficjamsleavedriverspuzzledastheyfinallyreachtheendofatailbacktofindnovisiblecausefortheirdelay.Now,ateamofmathematicianshavefoundtheanswerbydevelopingamodeltoshowhowmajordelaysoccuronourroads,withnoobviouscause.Themodelshowedthatadriver,slowingdownbelowacriticalspeed(临界速率)whenreactingtounexpectedevents,forcesthecarbehindtoslowdownfurtherandthenextcarbacktoreduceitsspeedstillfurther.Theresultofthisisthatseveralmilesback,carswouldfinallycometoastop,withdriversunawareofthereasonfortheirdelay.Themodelpredictsthatthisisaverytypicalsituationonabusyhighway(above15vehiclesperkm).Thejammovesbackwardsthroughthetrafficcreatingasocalled“backwardtravellingwave”，whichdriversmayencountermanymilesupstream,severalminutesafteritwascaused.Driversandpolicymakershavenotpreviouslyknownwhyjamslikethisoccur,thoughmanyhaveputitdowntothesheervolumeoftraffic.Whilethisclearlyplaysapartinthisnewtheory,themainissueisaroundthesmoothnessoftrafficflow.Accordingtothemodel,heavytrafficwillnotautomaticallyleadtojamsbutcanbesmoothflowing.Thismodeltakesintoaccountthetimedelayindrivers'reactions,whichleadstodrivers'brakingmoreheavilythanwouldhavebeennecessaryiftheyhadidentifiedandreactedtoaproblemaheadasecondearlier.Whenadrivertapsthebrake,thetrafficmaycometoafullstandstillseveralnmilesbehind.Itreallymattershowhardadriverbrakes—aslightbrakingfromadriverwhohasidentifiedaproblemearlywillallowthetrafficflowtoremainsmooth.Heavierbraking,usuallycausedbyadriverreactinglatetoaproblem,canaffecttrafficflowformanymiles.1．Fromthepassage,welearnthat________.A．thenewtheorylacksevidenceandisnotconvincingB．drivingatlowspeedleadstotrafficjamsC．manydriversdon'tknowhowtodealwithunexpectedeventsD．driversareoftenunawareofthereasonwhyatrafficjamhappens解析：选D。细节理解题。文章第一句中的“theyfinallyreachtheendofatailbacktofindnovisiblecausefortheirdelay”以及第二段中的“withdriversunawareofthereasonfortheirdelay”可知答案。2．WhichofthefollowingisNOTincludedinthenewtheory?A．Thetrafficspeed.B．Thewidthofroads.C．Thevolumeoftraffic.D．Thereactiontime.解析：选B。细节理解题。通读全文可知该理论没有涉及道路宽度的信息。3．Trafficjamscanbeavoidedwhen________.A．mathematiciansdevelopamodelB．driversreacttoproblemsearlyC．thereisa“backwardtravellingwave”D．thereisavisiblecauseofthedelay解析：选B。推理判断题。根据第三、四段的内容可知，如果司机早发现问题，提前刹车，刹车就不至于太猛，就不会影响后面的车辆，交通堵塞即可避免。4．Theunderlinedword“this”inthethirdparagraphrefersto________.A．the“backwardtravellingwave”B．thesmoothnessoftrafficflowC．thevolumeoftrafficD．themodeldevelopedbyateamofmathematicians解析：选C。代词指代题。根据第三段第一句中的“thoughmanyhaveputitdowntothesheervolumeoftraffic”可推知答案。5．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．AnewmodeldevelopedbymathematiciansB．ThemysteryoftrafficjamssolvedbymathematiciansnC．TrafficjamscausedbyslowreactingdriversD．Impactsofheavybraking解析：选B。主旨大意题。第一段中的“Now,ateamofmathematicianshavefoundtheanswerbydevelopingamodeltoshowhowmajordelaysoccuronourroads,withnoobviouscause.”为文章的主题句，所以B项为短文的最佳标题。Ⅴ.选做题任务型阅读IcelandhasthehighestbirthrateinEurope,thehighestdivorcerate,andthehighestpercentageofwomenworkingoutsidethehome.Suchstatisticsareoftenevidenceofanunhappy,troublesomesociety,withloadsofchildren,brokenhomesandabsentmothers.ButIcelandistheexception—itscitizensareapparentlythehappiestintheworld.NewrankingsfromtheUnitedNationsrateIcelandasthebestcountryintheworldinwhichtolive.Perhapsthecountry'sgeographiclocationcontributestoIcelanders'happiness.LocatedinthemiddleoftheNorthAtlantic,withGreenlandasitsnearestneighbor,Icelandisfreefromthetaboosthatcausesomuchsufferingelsewhere.Forinstance,peoplewhodivorcearenotlookeddownuponbythesociety.Icelanders'ancestorsaretheVikings,anorthEuropeanpeoplewhoinvadedEuropeancoastsfromthebeginningofthe8ththroughthe6thcentury.ThistraditionofgettingoutintotheworldlivesoninmoderndayIceland.PracticallyallIcelandershavestudiedorworkedinothercountries,andmostspeakEnglish.Perhapsasaresult,Iceland'seconomicpoliciescombinethebestofthosefromEuropeandtheUStocreateitsownwelfaresystem.Indeed,thecountryisrichinwriters,painters,filmmakersandaccomplishedmusicians.There'sSigurRos,apostrockbandthatplaystothehigheststandardsallovertheworld.Halfthepopulationappearstohavewrittenabook.“Icelandhasterriblenature,withitsbittereverchangingweather”，saidHaraldurJonsson,apainter,videoandperformanceartist.“Wecannotescapeit.Sowefindwaystolivewithit.Wehavetohavearichlifetofilltheemptyspaces.”(1)________aboutIcelandAnislandwiththe(2)________citizens◆Itisthebestcountrytoliveinwithmanytroublesomeproblemssuchasloadsofchildren,brokenhomesand(3)________ofmothers.◆The(4)________makesIcelandfreefrommuchsufferingcausednbysocialtaboos.Anislandwiththe(5)________traditionofgoingout◆ThetraditioncomesfromtheancestorswhoinvadedEuropeancoastsfor(6)________centuries.◆ThetraditioncontributestoIceland's(7)________economicpolicies.Anislandwitha(8)________life◆Icelandersfindwaysto(9)________theirbittereverchangingweatherandcreatecolorfulculture.◆(10)________ofthepopulationappeartohavewrittenabookandmostofthemareartistsinvariousfields.答案：1.Information/Facts　2.happiest　3.absence4．location　5.continued/continuing/continuous　6.three/37．combined　8.rich　9.bear/stand/tolerate　10.Half