2020版高考英语一轮复习unit4helpfulschoolmates教案（含解析）重庆大学版 12页

Unit4　HelpfulSchoolmates一、单词——写得准用得活(用所给词的适当形式填空)1.destroyvt.破坏；毁掉2.reducevt.减少；缩减3.consistvi.组成4.insistvi.坚持；极力要求5.intendvt.打算→intentionn．意图；打算；计划6.accompanyvt.陪伴；伴随→companyn．陪伴；伴随→companionn．伙伴；伴侣；同伴7.breathn．呼吸；气息→breathevi.呼吸；呼气8.operatevi.动手术；操作→operationn．手术；操作→operatorn．操作人员9.relievedadj.宽慰的；放心的→reliefn．减轻；解除；宽心→relievevt.减轻；解除10.couragen．勇气；胆量→encouragementn．鼓励→encouragev．鼓励11.preparedadj.有准备的→preparev．准备→preparationn.准备，预备12.fortunatelyadv.幸运地→fortunateadj.幸运的→fortunen．运气；命运13.managevt.管理→managementn．管理14.acceptvt.接受→acceptableadj.可接受的15.silencen．沉默；寂静→silentadj.沉默的；寂静的16.seriousadj.严重的；有危险的→seriouslyadv.严重地；认真地17.strictadj.严格的→strictlyadv.严格地1.Toourrelief,_greateffortsweremadetorelievefamine(饥荒)inAfrica,whichbroughtreliefofpovertythere.(relief)2.Iaminpreparationformygoingabroadtostudy,soIamattendingacoursewhichpreparesthestudentsforTOEFL.(prepare)3.Thenewoperatorwasn’tabletooperatethemachinewellandhisimproperoperationledtothebreakdownofthemachine.(operate)4.Myteacheroftenencouragesmetostudyhard.Hisencouragementdrivesmetomakemuchprogress.(courage)5.Itwasfortunateofthemtomakeafortunebytradingwithforeigners.Andmorefortunatelyforthem,theyweresupportedbythegovernment.(fortunate)6.Ihadintendedtohelphimbutbecauseofwhathesaidtomelater,Ihadno_intentionofdoingit.(intend)n⇩1.由reduce想到的①shrink　　　收缩；缩小②enlarge扩大；放大③expand扩大；膨胀④decrease减少；下降⑤increase增长⑥accumulate积累2.含“sist”单词集合①consistvi.　　组成②insistv.坚持③resistv.抵抗④assistv.协助⑤consistentadj.始终如一的3.后缀tion名词一览①preparation　　准备②protection保护③pollution污染④invention发明⑤operation手术⑥congratulation祝贺4.后缀ment名词荟萃①treatment　　治疗②development发展③encouragement鼓励④agreement同意，协议⑤achievement成就⑥judgement判断二、短语——写得准用得活(选用左栏短语填空)1.go_against_sb./sth.　违反……；反对……；不利于……2.keep_one’s_eyes_on_sb./sth.密切注视……；注意……3.search_for_sb./sth.搜寻……；寻找……4.so_far到目前为止5.cheer_up高兴起来6.in_no_time很快；立刻7.go_through_sth.经历；完成1.TheUnitedKingdomconsists_offourparts:England,NorthernIreland,ScotlandandWales.2.Ifpeoplechoosetoridebicyclesinstead_ofdrivingcars,ourlifewillbecomebetter.3.Allright,Iwon’tkeepyouanylongersinceyou_insist_ongoing.4.Idon’teverwanttogo_throughn8.set_up建造9.in_time及时；迟早10.instead_of代替；作为……的替换11.insist_on_sth.坚持；坚决要求/主张12.consist_of_sth.由……组成；由……构成13.if_only_...但愿……14.even_if即使；纵然15.because_of因为；由于anythinglikethatagainbecauseitisahardtimeforme.5.Cheer_up!Everyonemayhaveperiodsintheirliveswheneverythingseemstough.6.Theyset_uppurifyingsystemsinplaceswherethewaterwasnotpotable(可饮用的)．7.Childrentendtoreactagainsttheirparentsbygoing_againsttheirwish.⇩1.go短语大全①goagainst　　违反；反对②gothrough经历；完成；浏览，翻阅；通过③godown下降；倒下④goahead向前；干吧⑤goup上涨⑥goover走过去；复习2.聚焦time短语①innotime　很快；立刻②intime及时；迟早③ontime按时④allthetime始终，一直⑤attimes有时候⑥atonetime曾经，一度⑦atatime一次3.“组成，由……组成”短语归纳①consistof　由……组成②bemadeupof由……组成③becomposedof由……组成④makeup组成，构成三、句式——背原句明句式学仿写n1.SoIguardedmypapersothathecouldn’tseemyanswers.因此，我护着我的试卷，为了使他不能看到我的答案。sothat“目的是，为了”，引导目的状语从句。让我们到本周末再摘这些桃子吧，这样它们就变得足够甜，可以吃了。(2018·天津高考单选)Let’snotpickthesepeachesuntilthisweekendso_that_they_get_sweet_enough_to_be_eaten.2.IwassleepingsoundlylastnightwhenIwasawakenedbysomeone’sgroans.昨夜，正当我熟睡时，我被某个人的呻吟声吵醒了。bedoing...when...“正在做……这时突然……”。我正开车去伦敦时，突然发现走错路了。(2017·天津高考单选)Iwas_driving_down_to_London_whenIsuddenlyfoundthatIwasonthewrongroad.3.Ifonlydaytimewouldcomesoon,everythingwouldbecomeeasier.要是能马上天亮就好了，那样所有的事情都要好办些。ifonly“但愿”，其后的句子要用虚拟语气。我们时常会想，如果他/她在这儿的话，一切都会好的。Weoftenthink,if_only_he/she_were_here,_everythingwouldbefine.第一板块核心单词归纳集释1.intendvt.打算；计划[高考佳句]　Inthepassage,theauthorintendstotellusweshouldfilloursensestofeelthewondersoftheworld.(2018·天津高考)在这篇文章中，作者想要告诉我们，我们应该充分利用我们的感官去感受世界的奇迹。(1)intenddoing/todosth.　　　　打算做某事intendsb.todosth.打算让某人做某事hadintendedtodosth./intendedtohavedonesth.本来打算做某事intendthat...(should)dosth.打算……；主张……(2)beintendedtodosth./forsth.专门为……；专门给……n(3)intentionn.意图；打算；计划havenointentionofdoingsth.不打算做某事withtheintentionof为了，以……为目的/意图①Theyhad_intended(intend)togointothecountryfortheday,butwereputoffbyreportsoftrafficjams.他们本来打算那天到乡下去，但听说交通拥挤就推迟了。②Wheninternationalaidisgiven,stepsmustbetakentoensurethattheaidreachesthepeopleforwhomitisintended.当给予国际援助时，必须采取措施保证援助能够到达原计划的目标人群。③Iintendedgoing/to_gotothepark,butmysonintendedthatI(should)_gowithhimtoseeafilm.(go)我打算去公园，但我儿子打算让我陪他去看场电影。④ManypeopletookpartinSing!Chinawith_the_intention_of_becoming_asuccessfulsinger.很多人参加《中国新歌声》是为了成为一名成功的歌手。2．accompanyvt.陪伴；伴随；伴奏；附有；配有[高考佳句]　Teresapostedaphotoofthechancemeetingonasocialnetworkingwebsiteaccompaniedbythetouchingwords.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)特蕾莎把这次偶然见面的照片发到了一个社交网站上，并且配上了感人的话语。(1)accompanysb.＝keepsb.company　陪伴某人accompanysb.to...　　　陪伴/陪同某人到……(2)accompanysb.at/onsth.用某物为某人伴奏beaccompaniedby由……伴奏/伴随(3)incompanywith与……在一起①Wedidalotfortheelderlyatthenursinghome,cleaningtheirrooms,washingclothesforthemandaccompanying(accompany)them,whichmadethemveryhappy.(2015·全国卷Ⅱ满分作文)在敬老院我们为老人做了许多事情，打扫房间、洗衣服、陪伴他们，这使他们非常高兴。②Heaccompaniedhisoldfathertothehospitaltoseewhat’swrongwithhisstomach.他陪他的老父亲去医院查看他的胃部出了什么问题。③Whileshewassingingonthestage,hermotherwasaccompanyingheron/atthepiano.她在台上唱歌时，她母亲在为她弹钢琴伴奏。n[一言助记]　LiMingwasmycompanionwhenIwasyoung,andIenjoyedhiscompanyverymuch.Istillrememberthatheoftenaccompaniedmetothesupermarket.我年轻的时候，李明是我的伙伴，我非常喜欢他的陪伴。我还记得他经常陪我去超市。[名师指津]　一般不使用accompanysb.todosth.表示“陪伴某人做某事”。3．insistvi.坚持；坚持认为；极力要求[教材原句]　Intheclimbingclasshebeatalltheotherstothetopofthetree,butinsistedonusinghisownwaytogetthere.在攀登课上他打败了所有其他的人到达了树顶，但他坚持用自己的方式到达那里。insiston/upondoingsth.　　坚持做某事insistthat...坚持(认为)/极力要求……①Thegovernmentinsistedthatplans(should)_be_made(make)tohelpthoseoutofwork.政府坚决要制订计划帮助失业的人。②MyhusbandandIinsistedthatourchildrenwere(be)oldenoughtomaketheirbeds.我和丈夫坚持认为我们的孩子已足够大可以自己铺床了。③Iwantedtowalktothestation,butheinsistedondriving(drive)methere.我想步行到车站，但他坚持要开车送我到那儿。[名师指津]　insist意为“极力要求”时，宾语从句用虚拟语气“(should＋)do”；意为“坚持认为”时，宾语从句用陈述语气。Ⅰ.基础点全练(单句语法填空/补全句子)1．Thedoctorinsistedthathewas(be)seriouslyillandthathe(should)_be_operated(operate)onimmediately.2．Unfortunately(fortunate),duetounforeseencircumstances,thisyear’sshowhasbeencancelled.3．Onlyonemantriedtohelpus,therestjustlookedoninsilence(silent).4．Wecan’tacceptyourofferunlessthepriceisreducedby5%.5．Howonearthdidtheymanageto_rob(rob)thebank?6．Itismybeliefthatwewillfindacureforcancerinthenexttenyears.7．Alltheathleteshave_been_preparing_for(一直为……做准备)theOlympicsforalongtime.Ithinktheymusthave_got_well_prepared_for_(为……做好充分准备)nit.8．Thedoctorsdecidedtooperate_on_the_patient(为病人做手术)atonce.Ⅱ.重难点多练1．intend多角度(1)用所给词的适当形式填空①Thismoneyisintendedforthedevelopmentofthetouristindustry.②Ididn’tintendcoming/to_come(come)toGermanytowork.③Itismyintention(intend)toremaininmypositionuntilasuccessoriselected.④Thebookintended(intend)forchildrenhasbeenpublished.(2)根据汉语提示完成片段越来越多的人打算在这儿投资，因此他想让她去那里做些调查，但是她主张他应该亲自做这项工作。Moreandmorepeople⑤intend_to_invest/investinghere,sohe⑥intended_her_to_carry_out/dosomeresearchtherebutsheintendedthathe⑦(should)_do_the_taskhimself.2．accompany点点练(1)单句语法填空①Theyusuallywentshoppingincompanywitheachother.②Thearchitect,accompaniedbyhisassociates,is(be)surveyingthelandnow.(2)根据汉语提示完成片段如果没有同伴，14岁以下儿童必须有成人陪伴。如果您想了解更多的信息，请查阅所附的小册子以供参考。Iftheyhaveno③companion,_childrenunder14must④be_accompanied_byanadult.Ifyouwanttolearnaboutmoreinformation,pleaseconsultthe⑤accompanyingbookletforreference.Ⅲ.阅读词汇专练根据语境选出动词operate的词义(A)运转　　　　(B)动手术　　　　(C)起作用(D)操作(E)经营1．Themedicinewilloperateintenminutes.__C__2．Peopleweretrappedbetweenfloorsbecausetheliftdidn’toperateproperly.__A__3．It’sserious;wehavetooperateonhiseyesatonce.__B__n4．Formostpeople,it’salmostimpossibletooperateacomputerwithoutamouse.__D__5．Theyoperatethreefactoriesandahugewarehouse(仓库)．__E__第二板块短语句型归纳集释1．setup建造；设立；成立[高考佳句]　Besides,ourschoolsetupavolleyballteamandabasketballteam.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)此外，我们学校成立了一支排球队和一支篮球队。setabout(doing)sth.开始做某事；着手做某事setaside把……放在一边；省出；留出；搁置setoff出发；动身；使爆炸setout(todosth.)出发；动身；开始/着手(做某事)①Peoplesetaboutsetting(set)uptheirnewhomeswiththehelpofthegovernment.→Peoplesetoutto_set(set)uptheirnewhomeswiththehelpofthegovernment.在政府的帮助下，人们着手创建他们的新家园。②Haveyousetasidesomemoneyforyourchild’seducation?你有没有为孩子的教育留出一些钱呢？2．consistof由……组成；由……构成[高考佳句]　Listeningisthusanactive,notapassive,behaviorconsistingofhearing,understandingandremembering.(2015·浙江高考单选)因此，聆听是一种积极主动的而非消极被动的行为，它包括听、理解和记忆。　　　　由……组成/构成(2)consistin＝liein存在于；在于(3)consistentadj.相容的；一致的beconsistentwith和……一致/相符①Lifemainlyconsists_ofhappinessandsorrowswhilehappinessandsorrowsconsist_instruggle.生活主要由幸福和悲伤构成，而幸福和悲伤寓于奋斗之中。②Fivepeople_make_uptheteam;inotherwords,theteamconsists_of/is_made_up_offivepeople.五个人组成了这个团队。换句话说，这个团队是由五个人组成的。③Ifwhatyousayisnotconsistent(consist)withwhatyoudo,itwillhavenabadeffectonyourchildren.如果你言行不一，这将对你的孩子有不好的影响。[名师指津]　由consist组成的几个短语consistof/in/with都不能用于被动语态和进行时态。3．Iwas_sleepingsoundlylastnightwhenIwasawakenedbysomeone’sgroans.昨夜，正当我熟睡时，我被某个人的呻吟声吵醒了。bedoing...when...“正在做……这时突然……”，when为并列连词，表示“这时突然”，相当于andatthis/thattime。①Jackwas_working_in_the_lab_whenthepowercutoccurred.(2016·北京高考单选)杰克正在实验室工作的时候突然停电了。beabouttodo...when...　正要做……这时(突然)……beonthepointofdoing...when...正要做……这时(突然)……hadjustdone...when...刚做完……这时(突然)……②Iwasabouttogiveupwhenmybestfriendencouragedmetogoon.→Iwas_on_the_point_of_giving_up_whenmybestfriendencouragedmetogoon.我正要放弃这时我最好的朋友鼓励我继续下去。③Theprofessorhad_just_finished_his_speech_whenstudentsrushedoutoftheclassroom.教授刚结束了演讲，学生们就冲出了教室。Ⅰ.基础点全练1．单句语法填空/补全句子①Ourcountryislikeabigfamily,consisting(consist)offiftysixnations.②YuFanginsistedthatshewas(be)nottiredandwaswillingtostaythenightbutIinsistedthatshe(should)_go(go)atonce.③He_was_lying(lie)inbedwhensomethinglikeasmokealarmstruckhisears.④Lookatthetroublewe’rein.Ifonlywehad_taken(take)ourteacher’sadvice.⑤Bothsidesagreedtosetasidethequestionofindependence.⑥Don’tdoanythingthatshouldgo_against(违背)hiswill.⑦Notuntilhewent_through_real_hardship(经历过真正的困难)didherealizethelovewehaveforourfamiliesisimportant.⑧Takingexerciseeverydaymakeshimlookyoungerinstead_of(而不是)nolder.2．运用所学短语完成片段①Because_of(因为；由于)ourcarelessnesssomecaseshappenedinrecentdays,fromwhichweconcludedthatweshouldclosethewindowandlockthedoor②in_time(及时)．Apartfromthese,we③set_up(成立)agroupwhich④consists_of(由……组成)somestrongmentoguardourcommunityatnight.Wealsoputforwardseveralsuggestions,whichreallymadesensetocureusofourbadhabits.⑤In_no_time(很快)didourcommunitybecomesafe.Ⅱ.重难点多练set相关短语一站清(1)介、副词填空①Hesetaboutreadinganovelrightaftertakingawalk.→Hesetouttoreadanovelrightaftertakingawalk.②Theterroristsetoffthebomb,whichcaused25deaths.③Inmuchoftheanimalworld,nightisthetimesetasideforsleep—pureandsimple.④Theschoolhassetupaspecialclasstohelpthosepoorlearners.(2)根据汉语提示完成片段Lastyear,Tom⑤set_about_writing/set_out_to_write(着手写)anovel,inwhichamandecidedto⑥set_aside(储存)somemoneyforhisson,andhe⑦set_off(动身)forLondontoearnmoney.[单元语基落实]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Iintendedtohave_called(call)you,butIwastoobusytodoso.2．Protectiveclothingmustbewornwhenthemachineisinoperation.3．Theteacherisstrictwithusandstrictin_hisworkaswell.4．—Hi,Jim!You’reback.How’syourvacationinXiamen?—Oh,great.IfonlyIcouldvisititagain.5．Withnobodyaccompanying(accompany)herduringthefestival,theoldladynfeltlonely.6．Themaninsistedonbeing_paid(pay)somemoneyforhisexcellentwork.7．IhaveafewdramaticexperiencesIwanttosharewithyou.8．ShewasthinkingofherfriendonthewaytoschoolwhenTomcalledher.9．Astheroadtotheairportisunderreconstruction,we’dbettersetoff/outearlytoavoidthetrafficjam.10．ThebeautyofVeniceconsistslargelyinthestyleofitsancientbuildings.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Averynervousman,accompaniedbyhisnaggingwife,wereexaminedbyadoctor.were→was2．Shekeptinsistingthatshebeignorantofsuchthings.be→was3．Iwasabouttoleavetheroomwhilethetelephonerang.while→when4．NewZealandisacountrylyingofftheeasterncoastofAustralia,consistsoftwobigislandsandmanysmallerones.consists→consisting或consists前加which5．Idohopeshecancheeronandacceptthechallengeoflifebravely！on→up6．Thoughthepriceofthehousehasbeenreducedto10%,wecan’tafforditeither.to→byⅢ.用本单元所学知识完成写作训练(一)依据提示补全短文①Oncemydeskmateoftendisobeyedschoolrules,andthishadbadeffectsonourclass.Butourteacherkept_his/her_eyes_on(注意)him,gavehimencouragement,andheld_the_belief(相信)thathewouldbecomeagoodstudent.Besides(Besides/Otherwise/But),ourteacherhelpedhimtolookforawaytogetridofbadhabits.Much_to_the_relief(非常宽慰)ofourteacher,hehascompletelychangedso_far(到目前为止)．②Hecanfinishallkindsofhomeworkintimeinordertopassthecomingfinalexam.Heoftenstays_after_school(放学后留下)andstaysupallnightstudying.If_only(但愿)hecouldgetgoodgrades!(二)按要求将词汇句式升级1．用本单元高级词汇替换加黑部分(1)disobeyed→went_against(2)lookfor→search_for2．按要求改写句式n(1)用which引导非限制性定语从句改写句①Once_my_deskmate_often_disobeyed_school_rules,_which_had_bad_effects_on_our_class.(2)用sothat引导目的状语从句改写句②He_can_finish_all_kinds_of_homework_in_time_so_that_he_can_pass_the_coming_final_exam.