2018_2019学年高中英语module3literaturesectionⅱlanguagepointsⅰ 17页

SectionⅡLanguagePointsⅠ（Introduction&ReadingandVocabulary）　　　　　　　Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Aftertheoperation,mymotherhasagoodappetite(食欲)．Thismorning,shehadaglassofmilk,twoeggsandtendumplings.2．Areyousureyoulocked(锁)thefrontdoorwhenyouleft?3．Hewasofferedareward(酬谢)of$900forprovidingtheimportantclue.4．ThelastMingemperorhanged(吊死)himselffromthistree.5．Thisisdividedintothreeacts,andeachacthasthreescenes(场景)．6．Maryseized(抓住)theletterandbegantoreadoutloudly.7．Hetouchedmewithhisfingers,whispering(耳语)tomeinmyear，“Theteacheriscoming.”8．Motherspoonedtheicecreamintothebowlandfed(喂)ittomyyoungerbrother.9．Therearetwolargewoodensupports(支撑物)thatholduptheroof.Ⅱ.拓展词汇1．novelistn．小说家→noveln．小说2．crueladj.冷酷的→crueltyn．残酷3．servev．端上(饭菜等)→servicen．服务4．eageradj.热切的；渴望的→eagerlyadv.渴望地；热切地5．desperateadj.绝望的；非常需要的→desperatelyadv.绝望地；拼命地；极其，非常→desperationn．绝望6．healthyadj.健康的→healthn．健康(状况)[巧记单词]词根词形变化构词点拨cruelcruelty形容词＋ty构成名词desperatedesperately形容词＋ly构成副词healthhealthy名词＋y构成形容词novelnovelist名词＋ist构成表示人的名词Ⅲ.补全短语n1．inastonishment　　　　惊讶地，吃惊地2．stareat凝视，盯着看3．holdonto抓紧，握紧4．disagreewith不同意5．ina...voice用……声音(说)，……声地6．hitsb.onthehead打某人的头7．pickout挑选出8．putup张贴；搭建1．[教材原句]Thebowlsneverneededwashing,astheboyscleanedthemwiththeirspoons,tryingtoeateverybitofsoup.碗从来用不着洗，孩子们会用勺子把碗清理得一干二净，试图吃掉每一点粥。[句型点拨]needdoing“需要做某事”。[佳句赏析]与国外的同类产品相比，你们产品的质量需要改进。Comparedwiththesameproductsinforeigncountries,thequalityofyourproductsneedsimproving.2．[教材原句]Notuntilatleastthirtysecondshadpassed,wasthemanabletospeak.至少过了三十秒钟，那个男人才说出话来。[句型点拨]notuntil置于句首引起的部分倒装。[佳句赏析]直到我结婚，我才有钱买了自己的房子。NotuntilIgotmarriedcouldIaffordtobuyahouseofmyown.3．[教材原句]Nosoonerhadtheboyspokenthesewordsthanthewardenhithimontheheadwiththesoupspoon.孩子的话刚出口，大师傅就操起勺子敲他的脑袋。[句型点拨]nosooner...than...“一……就……”，nosooner置于句首时，主句用部分倒装。[佳句赏析]她一到车站火车就开了。Nosoonerhadshearrivedatthestationthanthetrainstartedtoleave.4．[教材原句]Ineverwasmoresureofanythinginmylife—thatboywillbehanged.这辈子我还从没有对什么事情这么肯定过呢——那个孩子一定会被吊死。[句型点拨]“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义。n[佳句赏析]没有什么比我刚吃过的东西更好吃的了。NothingismoredeliciousthanwhatIhadjustnow.1．ThephotoshowsafamousscenefromthefilmofOliverTwist,oneofhismostpopularnovels.(P29)这张照片展现了电影《雾都孤儿》中的一个著名场景，这是他最有名的小说之一。★scenen．场景，场面；景色；现场写出下列句中scene的含义①Someofthemoreviolentscenesareverydisturbing.场面②Theboatsintheharbourmakeabeautifulscene.景色behindthescenes　　　　在幕后；秘密地；暗中onthescene出现；到场③Youworktirelesslybehind_the_scenesandnooneknowsyou.你总是在幕后不知疲倦地工作，没人知道你的存在。④Reportersweresoonon_the_sceneaftertheaccident.事故发生后不久记者们就赶到了现场。2．Theroominwhichtheboyswerefedwasalargestonehall,withalargepotatoneend.(P30)这些孩子吃饭的场所是一间宽敞的石头大厅，大厅的一头有一口大锅。★feedv．喂养，饲养，为……提供食品；供养，养活；施肥写出下列句中feed的含义①Thereisenoughheretofeedthosechildren.养活②Feedtheflowersonceaweekandtheywillcomeoutsoon.施肥③Haveyoufedthechicken？喂养feedon　　　　　　　　　以……为食feedsb.with/onsth.用……喂养某人feedsth.tosb.把某物喂给某人befedupwith(＝betiredof)(口语)厌烦……④Theirmotheroftenfeedsthemwith/onmeatandfish.他们的妈妈经常给他们吃鱼和肉。⑤Heis_fed_up_withthesamesongsohedecidestodownloadanewonefromtheInternet.n他厌倦了同一首歌，所以他决定从网上下载一首新歌。[语境串记]　Mothersusuallyfeedtheirchildrenwith/onproperfood.Whennecessary,theyfeedchildrenup.母亲通常给孩子吃合适的食物。在必要时，她们给孩子加强营养。3．Thewarden,helpedbytwowomen,servedthesoupfromthispotatmealtimes.(P30)开饭的时候，大师傅在锅里舀粥，有两个女人替他打杂。★servev．端上(饭菜等)；服务；服役；提供，供应；够……吃/用①Childrenmustbeeducatedtoservetheircountrywhentheygrowup.必须教育孩子们长大后为国家服务。(1)用某物招待某人；为某人提供某物serveas可用作，担任，作为(2)servicen.服务atyourservice愿为你效劳；听候你的吩咐②Thecompanywillserveamealatnoontoallstaffworkers.该公司将为所有职员提供午餐。③Whenyousleepintheopenair,oldnewspaperscanserve_asablanket.在野外睡觉时，旧报纸可以当毛毯用。④Ifyouneedanything,Iamat_your_service.如果你有任何需要，请尽管吩咐。[名师点津]　serve用于“服务”时，是及物动词；用于“服役”时，为不及物动词。4．Whentheyhadcleanedtheirbowlsinthisway,theywouldsitstaringatthepotwitheagereyes,asiftheywantedtoeatit.(P30)他们这样把碗刮干净后，就坐在那儿，眼巴巴地瞅着汤锅，似乎要把它也吞进肚子里。★eageradj.热切的；渴望的①Theboyslistenedtomystorywitheagerattention.男孩们以热切的心情倾听我的故事。(1)beeagerforsth.　　　　渴望得到某物beeagertodosth.渴望做某事(2)eagerlyadv.渴望地，急切地(3)eagernessn.渴望，热切②Hewastooeagerforsuccess.他太渴望成功了。③Wewerealleagerto_see(see)himagain.n我们都渴望再见到他。[易混辨析]eager“渴望的，热切的”，指以巨大的热情渴望实现愿望或达到目的anxious“担心的，焦虑的”，指热切地希望实现愿望，并因担心愿望落空而心情不安或感到焦虑选用上述单词填空④Sheiseagertogotocollege,butanxiousaboutnotpassingtheCollegeEntranceExamination.5．Theboyswhisperedtoeachother,andthosenexttoOlivernudgedhim.(P30)男孩子们交头接耳，那些坐在奥利弗旁边的孩子们用胳膊肘推他。★whisperv．低声地说；耳语n．[C]低语；谣言①Hewhisperedtohersothatnooneelsecouldhear.他对她耳语，以免别人听见。(1)whisper(sth.)tosb.　　　对某人低声说(……)Itiswhisperedthat...有人私下说……(2)inawhisper/inwhispers＝inalowvoice低声地②It_is_whispered_thatheisheavilyindebt.有人私下说他负债很多。③Theysatatthebackoftheroom,talkingin_whispers/in_a_whisper/in_a_low_voice.他们坐在屋子后面小声地说话。6．Hestaredincompleteastonishmentatthechildandheldontothepotforsupport.(P30)他完全惊呆了，瞪着那个孩子，手抓着锅以求站稳。★inastonishment吃惊地①Istaredinastonishmentatthefamousskyscraper.我惊异地看着这个著名的摩天大楼。(1)toone'sastonishment　　令某人惊讶的是(2)astonishvt.使惊讶；使震惊astonishingadj.令人惊讶的；使人震惊的astonishedadj.感到惊讶的；震惊的beastonishedat/by/that...因……而惊讶②To_my_astonishment,_sherememberedmyname.n令我惊讶的是，她记得我的名字。③Iwas_astonished_at/bythenewsofhisescape.看到他逃跑的消息，我感到很惊讶。[联想发散]　“in＋名词”结构的常见短语还有：①indanger　　　　　　处于危险中②inpeace平静地③insilence沉默地；寂静地④insurprise吃惊地⑤inanger生气地⑥inpublic当众⑦inpain痛苦地⑧indespair绝望地★supportn．支撑物，支持者；支柱；支撑，支持；给予帮助、同情等的人v．支撑；支持；资助，供养写出下列句中support的含义④Theprimeministergavehisfullsupporttothegovernment'sreforms.支持⑤Hewassupportedbyhisunclewhenhewasyoung.供养⑥Thebridgewillfalldownifwedon'taddmoresupport.支撑物⑦Thesefacilitiesaresupportedbyvolunteercontributions.资助insupportof　　　　　　　支持support...in...在……上支持(某人等)⑧Heraisedhishandinsupportofhisfriend.他举起手来支持他的朋友。⑨Wesupportedthepolicewholeheartedlyintheirworkagainstcrime.我们全心全意地支持警察打击犯罪的工作。7．Nosoonerhadtheboyspokenthesewordsthanthewardenhithimontheheadwiththesoupspoon.(P31)孩子的话刚出口，大师傅就操起勺子狠狠地敲他的脑袋。★nosooner...than...意为“刚一……就……”。nosooner后常用过去完成时态，且nosooner位于句首，要使用倒装语序。①NosoonerhadIgotbacktothekitchenthanthedoorbellrangagain.我刚走回厨房，门铃又响了。表示“一……就……”的其他结构(1)hardly/scarcely...whenn...，主句常用过去完成时，从句常用一般过去时；hardly/scarcely位于句首时，主句用部分倒装(2)assoonas;themoment/minute/instant...;immediately/instantly/directly...(3)on/upon＋名词/v.ing形式②Hardly/Scarcelyhad_we_begun_the_climb_whenthesnowbegantocomedown.我们刚一开始爬山就下起雪来了。③Wehadn'tmetfor20years,butIrecognizedhertheinstantIsawher.我和她20年没见面了，可我一见到她就认出了她。④Onhearing(hear)thenoise,hecameuptomeandaskedwhatwasthematter.他一听见声音就走到我面前问我发生了什么事。8．“They'llhangthatboy，”saidagentlemaninawhitejacket.(P31)“他们会把那个男孩子吊死，”一个穿着白色夹克的绅士说道。★hangv．绞死；吊死；悬挂①Heputthephotographinaframeandhungitonthewall.他把照片放到镜框里并挂到了墙上。hangon　　　　　　　　不挂断(电话)；坚持；抓紧hangup挂断(电话)hangout/about/around闲荡；闲逛hangtogether团结，同心协力②Ifwedon'thangtogether,we'llbehangedtogether.(Lincoln)如果我们不团结一致，我们会一起被绞死。(林肯)③Shehung_upwithoutsayinggoodbyeyesterday.昨天她没说再见就挂断了电话。④Idon'tliketoseealltheseboyshanging_out/about/aroundthestreetcorners.我不喜欢看见这些孩子在街角闲逛。[巧学助记]　It'sunfair，不守规则的“吊起(hung)”，而守规则的却“绞死(hanged)”。9．Thenextmorninganoticewasputuponthedooroftheworkhouse,offeringarewardtoanybodywhowouldemployOliverTwist.(P31)第二天早晨，济贫院门外贴出了一张告示，向愿意雇佣奥利弗的人提供奖赏。★rewardn．报酬；奖赏；赏金v．酬谢，报答①Hewillexpectarewardforworkingsohard.n他工作很努力，会得到奖赏。(1)inrewardfor＝asarewardfor　　　　　作为对……的报酬(2)rewardsb.forsth.因某事报答某人rewardsb.withsth.用某物报答某人②Rhodawaspresentedwithagoldnecklacein_reward_for/as_a_reward_forherservice.为酬谢罗达的帮助，赠送给她一条金项链。③Herewarded_the_boy_with$10forbringingbackhislostdog.他给了那个男孩10美元以酬谢他带回他走失的狗。[易混辨析]award可作动词，也可作名词，指为鼓励在工作中为达到或完成所提出的要求或条件的人而进行的奖励，往往指正式地或官方地颁发prize多指在比赛或抽奖中所赢得的奖，这种奖赏有的凭能力获得，有的凭运气获得reward可作动词，也可作名词，指对某人的工作或服务等的报酬，意为“报答；奖励；报酬”选用上述单词填空④Inthiscompetitionyoucouldwinaprizeworth$3,000.⑤Hismoviewonseveralawardsatthefilmfestival,andhealsogotarewardoflotsofmoney.10．Ineverwasmoresureofanythinginmylife—thatboywillbehanged.(P31)这辈子我还从没有对什么事情这么肯定过呢——那个孩子一定会被吊死。★“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义①Howbeautifullyshesings!I'veneverheardabettervoice.她唱得多好啊！这是我听到的最美的歌喉。②Tomcaredmoreformoneythanforanyotherthing/alltheotherthings/anyoftheotherthings/anythingelse.汤姆是位拜金主义者。③Nootherbuildingisas/sograndasthenewhotel.新建的宾馆是当地最豪华的。nⅠ.单句语法填空1．CharlesDickenswasoneofthegreatestnovelists(novel)inBritishhistoryandwrotelotsofworks.2．NelsonMandeladevotedhislifetotheservice(serve)ofhispeopleandcountry.3．Childrenshouldformahealthy(health)eatinghabitfromanearlyage.4．Hiscruelty(cruel)tothecatinthevideomadethenetizensquiteangry.5．Williamdesperately(desperate)wantedtogotouniversity,buthisfamilywastoopoortopayforhistuitionfees.6．Boblayinbedalonewithhiseyesstaringattheceiling.7．TheAfricangirlsareeagerforknowledge,buttheydon'thaveanychancetogotoschool.8．WhenMartinwaswalkingonthesteelrope,everyoneonthegroundlookedathiminastonishment.9．Thenextday,anoticewas_put(put)upontheboard,sayingalecturewouldbegivenbyProfessorLeeonSaturday.10．MyfatheralwaystellsmethatIshouldholdontomydreamnomatterwhathappensinthefuture.11．Onlyafewpeopleraisedtheirhandsinsupportoftheproposal.12．Onthewallhung(hang)aphotographofahandsomesoldier.13．Journalistswereonthescenewithinminutesofthecrash.14．Assoonaswegothomeafterschool,Mumwhisperedtous，“Bequiet!Yourlittlesister'ssleeping.”15．Ithasn'trainedforalongtime,sotheplantsneedwatering/to_be_watered(water)．Ⅱ.完成句子1．他的善良没有得到什么回报，这不公平。nItisunfairthathegetslittlein_reward_forhiskindness.2．有人私下说他在国外发财了。It_is_whispered_thathehasmadeafortuneabroad.3．我们都渴望在考试中取得更大的进步。Weare_eager_tomakegreaterprogressintheexam.4．直到我们回来才发现我们的房子被人破门而入了。Notuntilwe_came_back_did_we_findthatourhousehadbeenbrokeninto.5．为史蒂文森先生工作感觉非常好，他是我见过的最好的老板。Mr.Stevensonisgreattoworkfor—Ihave_never_seen_a_better_boss.Ⅲ.一句多译1．他一到北京就去看望了老朋友。①No_sooner_had_he_arrivedinBeijingthanhewenttovisithisoldfriends.②Hardly/Scarcely_had_he_arrivedinBeijingwhenhewenttovisithisoldfriends.③On/Upon_arrivinginBeijinghewenttovisithisoldfriends.④The_moment/minute/instant_he_arrivedinBeijinghewenttovisithisoldfriends.2．我们每天给鸟喂面包。①Wefeed_the_birds_with/onbreadeveryday.②Wefeed_the_bread_tothebirdseveryday.Ⅳ.课文缩写语法填空Theroominwhichtheboys1.were_fed(feed)wasalargestonehall.Thewarden,2.helped(help)bytwowomen,servedthesoupfromthispotatmealtimes.Eachboywasallowedonebowlofsoupandnomore.Thebowlsneverneeded3.washing/to_be_washed(wash),astheboyscleanedthemwiththeirspoons,4.trying(try)toeateverybitofsoup.Oneboytoldhisfriendsthathehadtohave5.anotherbowlofsoup.Ifhedidn't,hemighteataboy.Theydecidedthatoneboyshouldaskthewardenformoresoup.Oliverwaschosen.Oliver,6.whowasdesperatewithhungerandmisery,rose7.fromhistableandwalkedtothewarden.8.Frightened(frighten)byhiscourage,hesaid,“Pleasesir,Iwantsomemore.”Nosoonerhadtheboyspokenthesewords9.thanthewardenhithimontheheadwiththesoupspoon.Afterthemanagersoftheworkhousediscussedtheproblem,Oliverwasimmediatelylockedinaroom.Thenextmorninganoticewasputuponthedooroftheworkhouse,offeringareward10.toanybodywhowouldemployOliverTwist.n[对应学生课下能力提升(十)]Ⅰ.根据提示写出单词的正确形式1．Doyouknowwhattheyarewhispering(小声说)behinddoors?2．Cloudsareformedfromdropsofliquidhanging(悬挂)intheair.3．Nothavingheardofthemissingboyforhalfamonth,hisfamilybecamedesperate(绝望的)．4．Jimwasagreatsupport(支持)touswhenourfatherdied.5．Thescenes(景象)aftertheearthquakewereterrible,thehousesdamaged,peopleburiedordead.6．Althoughmyuncleisold,helooksverystrongandhealthy(health)．7．Asweknow,anovelist(novel)createscharactersandaplot.8．Thedeathoftheirdaughterwasacruel(cruelty)blow,whichmadethemsadallday.9．Theyserve(service)awonderfulmealtotheirguests.10．Mygrandpahasagoodappetite(食欲)andcanhavealargebowlofriceandmanyvegetables.Ⅱ.选词填空feedon，asif，ina...voice，inastonishment，holdonto，takeplace，stareat，beeagerfor1.Hewatchedthegamein_astonishmentforawhile,“Icanhardlybelievemyeyes！”heexclaimed.2．Heannouncedthenewsin_ahighvoicetothepeoplepresentatthemeeting.3．Theeveningpartywilltake_placeonNewYear'sEve.4．It'snotpolitetostare_atagirlintheface.5．Icanrememberitwellas_ifitwereyesterday.6．Heheld_on_totherocktostophimselfslipping.7．Asweknow,suchdeerfeed_ongreengrass.8．Theboystudieddayandnightbecausehewas_eager_forknowledge.Ⅲ.完成句子1．他一上台，观众就爆发出掌声。No_sooner_had_he_stepped_on_the_stagethantheaudiencebrokeintoapplause.n2．直到我们失去健康才知道它的价值。Notuntilwe_lose_health_do_we_knowitsvalue.3．我没有想到他会来参加我的生日宴会，因此我惊讶地凝视着他。LittledidIthinkthathewouldcometomybirthdayparty,soIstared_at_him_in_astonishment.4．他们低声交谈，以便不被其他人听到。Theytalkedin_a_low_voiceinorderthattheyshouldnotbeheard.5．突然汤姆捡起一根棍子打在小偷的头上。SuddenlyTompickedupastickandhit_the_thief_on_the_head.Ⅳ.阅读理解ARonaldChernowwasborninBrooklynonMarch3,1949.Hisfatherwasthecreatorofastockbrokeragefirmwhilehismotherwasanaccountant(会计).ChernowgraduatedwithhonorsfromYaleUniversityandfurtherstudiedinCambridgeUniversity,wherehebeganbutdidnotfinishaPhDprogramduetohealthconcern.Andthenhemovedtoafarm.Chernowbeganhiscareerasajournalist.Hewrotemorethan60articlesinnewspapersandmagazinesfrom1973to1982.In1983,heputhiswritingactivityasidewhenhebeganservingasthedirectoroffinancialpolicystudieswiththeTwentiethCenturyFund,whichisbasedinNewYork.In1986,helefttheorganizationandrefocusedhiseffortsonwriting.Inadditiontohisbackgroundsofwritingnonfictionworksandbiographies,ChernowcontinuedtowritearticlesforTheNewYorkTimesandTheWallStreetJournal.Hehasalsoprovidedcommentary(现场解说)onbusiness,politics,andfinanceonnationalradioandtelevisionshowswhileadditionallyappearingasanexpertindocumentaryfilms(纪录片)．Itwasin1990thatChernowpublishedhisfirstbook,TheHouseofMorgan,whichdatesbacktothehistoryoffourgenerationsoftheJ．P.Morganfinancialempire.ThereviewerforTheNewYorkTimesBookReviewsaid,“It_is,_quite_simply,_a_tour_de_force.”Itisnodoubtthatthisisagreatachievementinhistory.SoonthebookwashonoredwiththeNationalBookAwardforNonfiction.In1993,ChernowpublishedTheWarburgs,whichisadescriptionoftheWarburgfamily,whoimmigratedtotheUSfromGermanyin1938.TheWarburgfamilywasanoutstandingfinancialdynastyofGermanJewish,knownfortheiraccomplishmentsinnphysics,classicalmusic,arthistoryandfinance.ThebookwasawardedtheColumbiaBusinessSchool'sGeorgeS.EcclesPrizeforExcellenceinEconomicWriting.In1998,ChernowpublishedTitan.ThebookreflectedChernow'scontinuedinterestinfinancialhistory,especiallywhenshapedbyrenownedindividuals.Timemagazinenameditas“oneofthegreatAmericanbiographies”.Healsowonthe2011PulitzerPrizeforBiographyandthe2011AmericanHistoryBookPrizeforhisbook,Washington:ALife.1．WhydidChernowstophiswritingfor3years?A．Becausehetookpartinfinancialstudies.B．Becausehepreparedtochangehisprofession.C．Becausehewantedtoplayaroleinsomefilms.D．BecausehewasbusymakingcommentsonTV.解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段的“In1983,heputhiswritingactivityasidewhenhebeganservingasthedirectoroffinancialpolicystudieswiththeTwentiethCenturyFund,whichisbasedinNewYork.”可知，他当时终止了写作是因为他加入了金融政策的研究工作。2．WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3probablymean?A．Itisasimplestory.　　　B．Itisanenjoyabletrip.C．Itisanexcellentwork.D．Itisabigpressure.解析：选C　句意理解题。根据画线句后的“Itisnodoubtthatthisisagreatachievementinhistory.”可知，这本书是一部优秀作品，并且获奖了。由此可知，纽约时报的评论家是说这本书是一部杰作。3．WhatcanweinferaboutChernow?A．Hehasapoorfamilytosupport.B．Heisactuallyafamouseconomist.C．Hehaswonprizesforallhisworks.D．Heenjoysagreatreputationinhiscountry.解析：选D　推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，RonaldChernow出版了很多作品，也得过很多国际知名的奖项。由此可以推断，他在自己的国家享有盛誉。4．Thepassageismainlyabout________.A．thewholelifeofRonaldChernowB．theprizesRonaldChernowhasreceivedC．theintroductiontosomefamousbooksinAmericanD．theearlyexperiencesandsomeachievementsofRonaldChernow解析：选D　主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了作家RonaldChernow早年的一些经历和他的文学成就。BSusanSontag(1933－2004)wasoneofthemostnoticeablefiguresintheworldofliterature.Formorethan40yearsshemadeitmorallynecessarytoknoweverything—toreadeverybookworthreading,toseeeverymovieworthseeing.Whenshewasstillinherearly30s,publishingessaysinsuchimportantmagazinesasPartisanReview,sheappearedasthesymbolofAmericanculturallife,tryinghardtofolloweverynewdevelopmentinliterature,filmandart.Withgreateffortandseriousjudgment,Sontag_walked_at_the_latest_edges_of_world_culture.SeriousnesswasoneofSontag'slifelongwatchwords(格言),butatatimewhenthebarriersbetweenthewelleducatedandthepooreducatedwereobvious,shearguedforatrueopennesstothepleasuresofpopculture.InNotesonCamp,the1964essaythatfirstmadehername,sheexplainedwhatwasthenalittleknownsetofdifficultunderstandings,throughwhichshecouldnothavebeenmorefamous.NotesonCamp,shewrote,represents“avictoryof‘form’over‘content’，‘beauty’over‘morals’”．Byconviction(信念)shewasasensualist(感觉论者),butbynatureshewasamoralist(伦理学者),andintheworksshepublishedinthe1970sand1980s,itwasthelattersideofherthatcameforward.InIllnessasMetaphor—publishedin1978,aftershesufferedcancer—shearguedagainsttheideathatcancerwassomehowaspecialproblemofrepressedpersonalities(被压抑的个性),aconceptthateffectivelyblamedthevictimforthedisease.Inreexaminingoldpositionswasherlifelonghabit.InAmerica,herstoryofa19thcenturyPolishactresswhosetupaperfectsocietyinCalifornia,wontheNationalBookAwardin2000.Butitwasasatireless,allpurposeculturalviewthatshemadeherlastingfame.“Sometimes，”sheoncesaid,“Ifeelthat,intheend,allIamreallydefending...istheideaofnseriousness,oftrueseriousness.”Andintheend,shemadeustakeitseriouslytoo.5．TheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph1meansSontag________.A．wasasymbolofAmericanculturallifeB．developedworldliterature,filmandartC．publishedmanyessaysaboutworldcultureD．keptpacewiththenewestdevelopmentofworldculture解析：选D　句意理解题。从句子本意来讲“桑塔格走在世界文化最前沿”，从时间上来讲，意思是“最新发生的”；而且第一段前面也讲到Sontag努力跟上文学、电影和艺术的新发展。本句含义是“桑塔格跟上世界文化最新发展的步伐”。6．Shefirstwonhernamethrough________.A．herstoryofaPolishactressB．herbookIllnessasMetaphorC．publishingessaysinmagazineslikePartisanReviewD．herexplanationofasetofdifficultunderstandings解析：选D　推理判断题。第二段讲到，NotesonCamp使她首次成名，而选项中没有这篇文章的名字。再看这句话，讲到在NotesonCamp这篇文章里，她解释了“alittleknownsetofdifficultunderstandings”。7．Accordingtothepassage,SusanSontag________.A．wasasensualistaswellasamoralistB．lookeddownuponthepopcultureC．thoughtcontentwasmoreimportantthanformD．blamedthevictimofcancerforbeingrepressed解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Byconviction(信念)shewasasensualist(感觉论者),butbynatureshewasamoralist(伦理学者)”可知，她既是感觉论者，又是伦理学者，因此选A项。8．SusanSontag'slastingfamewasmadeupon________.A．atireless,allpurposeculturalviewB．herlifelongwatchword:seriousnessC．publishingbooksonmoralsD．enjoyingbooksworthreadingandmoviesworthseeing解析：选A　细节理解题。本题问的是桑塔格持久的名声，从最后一段第二句“Butitwasasatireless,allpurposeculturalviewthatshemadeherlastingnfame.”可知选A项。Ⅴ.阅读七选五Therearecertainstepsyoucantaketorelievethedamagedonebysomeofthepreviouslymentionedreadingproblems.__1__Besuretouseandpracticethemasyouread.Takebreaks.Remembertirednesscanleadtoallofthehealthproblemsandtootherproblemsaswell.Ifyoudonotrestyourmind,youwilllikelygettiredanditwillcostyoupoints.__2__Youcanmarkyourplaceeitherbypointingtoeachwordasyoureadit,orbyplacingasheetofpaperunderneaththelineyouarereading.Pointingtoeachwordwithapenciloryourfingerhelpsyoureyesseewheretheyshouldbereading.Placingapieceofpaperunderthelinehelpsyoutomovesmoothlyfromonelinetothenext.Readaloud.__3__Ifyoumustremainsilent,whisperthewordstoyourself,ormouththewords,andsaytheminyourhead.Itisimportantthatyouactuallyhearthesounds,evenifyouonlyheartheminyourimagination.Thismultisensoryapproachallowsyoutosee,hear,andfeelwhatyouarereading.Readingaloudshouldhelpyoustayfocused,understandbetterandrememberwhatyouarereading.__4__Ifyouarethinkingaboutwhatisimportantenoughtowritedown,youwillpaymoreattentiontothereading.__5__Itwillalsohelpyouprocessthemainpointofthepassageandimprovethepossibilitythatyouwillrememberthings.Inaddition,thenotesyoutakearearecordofthepassagethatyoucanreferbacktoifyoudoforgetelements.A．Takenotes.B．Highlighttext.C．Traceyourplace.D．Thiswillkeepyourmindfromwandering.E．Notesabouttheentirepassageshouldbewritten.F．Justknowingaboutthesetechniquesisnotenough.G．Ifyou'reinyourownroom,youcansayeachwordaloud.答案：1～5　FCGADnⅥ.课时书面表达训练(根据提示完成小作文)OnedayPeterpickedupawalletandfoundalotofmoneyinitin_astonishment(吃惊地).IaskedPetertoseize_the_chance(抓住机会),usingthemoneytostudyfashioninParis.ButPeterdisagreed_with(不同意)myideathathewouldkeepthemoneybackforhimself.Hesaidin_a_firm_voice(以坚定的声音)thathewouldgivethemoneybacktotheowner.Thenextday,theownerofferedthatPeterwouldstudyfashionin_reward_for(作为酬谢)hiskindness.No_sooner_had_Peter_arrived_in_Paris_than(彼得刚到巴黎就)hesentmeanemail.Iwas_eager_to_know(渴望知道)howthingsweregoingoninParis.Manytimes,wealsotalkedtoeachotherin_whispers(低声地)aboutsomethingprivate.