小学英语语法复习ppt课件 48页

小学英语语法\n名词篇1.概念:表示事物名称的词2.形式:可数名词和不可数名词3.可数名词---有数量上的区别,即单数和复数4.不可数名词---无数量上的区别，当作单数使用备注：①a和an常用来修饰可数名词，意思是“一个”。②一般情况下，当名词或名词短语是以元音音素开头时，用an表示一个；其他用a表示一个。()anhour\n一般可数名词单数变复数的变化规则：情况变化例词1一般情况下词后加sbook—books,bag—bagsapple—apples,pen—pens2以s,sh,ch,x结尾的词词后加esbus—buses,刷子brush--brusheswatch—watches,box—boxes3以o结尾的词有生命加es没生命加stomato—tomatoespiano--pianos4以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加esfamily—families家庭5以f或fe结尾的变f或fe为v再加esthief—thieves贼wolf—wolves狼\n6．不规则名词复数：man---men;woman---women;fish---fish;sheep---sheep;child---children;foot---feet;tooth---teeth;people---people;mouse---mice;Chinese---Chinese,Japanese----Japanesedeer----deer小鹿\n写出下列各词的复数I___him____it________her________watch______child______photo_____diary_____day____foot____book____dress______tooth_____sheep_____box_____strawberry__________thief_____peach_______milk____man____woman_____sandwich_______wethemthey/themthem/theirwatcheschildrenphotosdiariesdaysfeetbooksdressesteethstrawberriessheepboxesthievespeachesmilkmenwomensandwiches\n代词篇一、人称代词1、意义：谁（）2、分类：主格和宾格3、用法：①用于指代人、物或事的词②人称代词的主格放在句子前面作主语③宾格放在动词后面作宾语我，我们，你，你们，他，她，它，他们\n代词篇二、物主代词1、意义：谁的（）2、分类：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词3、用法：①用于指代物品所属的词②形容词性物主代词后需加名词，不可单独使用③名词性物主代词后不加名词，可单独使用我的，我们的，你的，你们的，他的，她的，它的，他们的\n代词篇物主代词我的我们的你的你们的他的她的它的他们的形容词性名词性人称代词我我们你你们他她它他们主格宾格Iweyouyouhesheittheymeusyouyouhimheritthemmyouryouryourhisheritstheirmineoursyoursyourshishersitstheirs\n用所给词的适当形式填空。1. Thatisnot_____cat.Thatcatisverybig,but____isverysmall.  (I)2. Thedressis____.Giveitto_____.(she)3. ___ismybrother.____nameisJack.Look!Thosestampsare___.(he)4. Icanfindmypen,butwhere’s______?(you)5. Show____yournewkite,OK?(we)myminehersherHeHishisyoursus\n形容词篇1.概念:用来修饰人、物或事的词2.形式:原级、比较级、最高级3.比较级：两个（也可以是两类）人或事物相比较时，需使用形容词的比较级形式\n一般形容词原级变比较级的变化规则：情况变化例词1一般情况下词后加ertall—taller,short—shorter2以e结尾的词词后加rnice—nicer,cute--cuter3以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加erfunny—funnierugly—uglier4重读闭音节词（一元一辅结尾且此音节重读时）双写结尾的辅音字母，再加erhot—hotterfat—fatterthin—thinnerbig—bigger\n情况变化例词5多音节词词前加morebeautiful—morebeautifulinteresting—moreinteresting6特殊变化形容词原级变比较级的变化规则：好：good—better坏：bad—worse多：many—moremuch—more少：little—less远：far—farther/further备注：as…as也可使用在相比较的句子中，意思是“和……一样”，as…as中间用形容词的原级\n一、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级short_______ strong_______ big______small_______fat_________  thin_______heavy_______ light_______nice________good_______ beautiful_______________low______ slow______  far_____________fast______late______ early________shorterstrongerbiggersmallerfatterthinnerheavierlighternicerbettermorebeautifullowerslowerfarther/furtherfasterlaterearlier\n二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式。1.Mybrotheristwoyears_____(old)thanme.2.Tomisas_____(fat)asJim.3.Isyoursister_______(young)thanyou?4.Whois_______(thin),youorHelen?5.Maryisnotas____(tall)astheothergirls.6.Myeyesare______(big)than____(she).olderfatyoungerthinnertallbiggerhers\n三、翻译句子：1、谁比Jim年纪大？_______is_______thanJim？2、我喜欢游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。Ilike________.Allmy______are _____thanme.3、谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？_______pencilis_______,______or______？4、我母亲比我父亲年纪小。My______ ___ _______thanmy______.5、多做运动，你会更强壮。____moreexercise,you’llbe_______soon.WhoolderswimmingfriendsslowerWhoselongerhishersMotherisyoungerfatherDostronger\n动词篇1、be动词：2、情态动词：3、助动词：4、行为动词：注：I和am固定搭配，其他单数is复数are.am,is,arecan,may,must…注：①情态动词后用动词原形。②含有情态动词的句子，变成否定句和一般疑问句的规则和be动词变化规则基本一致。do,does,did…注：①助动词帮助行为动词构成否定句和一般疑问句。②有助动词的句子，行为动词需用原形。play,swim,run…\n口诀一：句中含有be动词，变成否定很简单。be后加not,意义即否定。口诀二：句中含有be动词，变成一般疑问句有步骤。①be动词提前；②首字母大写；③句号变问号；④读句子用升调；⑤I和we变成you；⑥my和our变成your。\n口诀一：句中含有情态动词，变成否定很简单。情态动词后加not,意义即否定。口诀二：句中含有情态动词，变成一般疑问句有步骤。①情态动词提前；②首字母大写；③句号变问号；④读句子用升调；⑤I和we变成you；⑥my和our变成your.\n一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我天天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。动词及时态篇:一般现在时时间状态动词\n一般现在时的构成be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(其它)。如：WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语。注:当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加“s”或“es”(规则同名词单数变复数相似)如：MarylikesChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。\n含有be动词的句式变化肯：主语+be+其他。否：主语+be+not+其他。问：Be+主语+其他？答：Yes,主语be./No,主语benot.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+主语+其他？讲义共享Iamahappystudent.Iamnotahappystudent.Areyouahappystudent?Yes,Iam./No,I’mnot.Who/Whatareyou?Heisateacher.Heisnotateacher.Isheateacher?Yes,heis./No,heisn’t.Who/Whatishe?=Whatishisjob?\n含有行为动词的句式变化：肯:主+行为动词(s/es)+其他。否:主+don’t/doesn’t+行为动词+其他。问:Do/Does+主+行为动词+其他？答:Yes,主do/does./No,主don’t/doesn’t.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+do/does+主+行为动词+其他?Igotoschoolbybuseveryday.Idon’tgotoschoolbybuseveryday.Doyougotoschoolbybuseveryday?Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.Howdoyougotoschooleveryday?Whendoyougotoschoolbybus?Whatdoyoudoeveryday?Helikesswimming.Hedoesn’tlikeswimming.Doeshelikeswimming?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.Whatdoeshelikedoing?Wholikesswimming?\n动词第三人称单数变化规则：情况变化例词1一般情况下词后加splay—plays,read—read2以s,sh,ch,x,o结尾的词词后加espass—pass,brush—brusheswatch—watches,fix—fixesdo—does,go—goes3以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加esstudy—studiescarry—carries4特殊变化have—has\n一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink_____go___stay_____make_____look____have____pass______carry______drinksgoesstaysmakeslookshaspassescarries二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.Heoften___(have)dinnerathome.2.DanielandTommy___(be)inClassOne.3.We_________(notwatch)TVonMondays.4.Nick________(notgo)tothezooonSundays.5.___they____(like)theWorldCup?6.___yourparentsoften____(read)books?7.Mrs.Wu______(teach)usEnglishonSundays.8.SheandIusually____(take)awalktogether.hasaredon’twatchdoesn’tgoDolikeDoreadtaketeaches\n三、按照要求改写句子1.DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改为否定句)2.Idomyhomeworkeveryday.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)3.Shelikesmilk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)4.WegotoschoolonSundays.(改为否定句)Danieldoesn’twatchTVeveryevening.Doyoudoyourhomeworkeveryday?No,Idon’t.Doesshelikemilk?Yes,shedoes.Wedon’tgotoschoolonSundays.\n现在进行时现在进行时的功能：现在进行时的构成:1、现在进行时表示此时此刻正在进行或发生的动作。如：Mymotheriscookinginthekitchen.我妈妈正在厨房里做饭。2、表示即将发生的动作。如：Look！Thebusiscoming.看,公交车来啦。主+be+动词ing.夹心面包/汉堡/…Be动词不能少！\n现在进行时的句式变化：肯：主+be+动词ing+（其他）。否：主+be+not+动词ing+（其他）。问：Be+主+动词ing+（其他）？答：Yes,主+be./No,主+be+not.特殊疑问句：Mymotherisnotreadinginthebedroom.Mymotherisreadinginthebedroom.Isyourmotherreadinginthebedroom?Yes,sheis./No,sheisn’t.Whatisyourmotherdoinginthebedroom?Whereisyourmotherreading?Whoisreadinginthebedroom?\n情况变化例词1一般情况下词后加ingplay—playingread—reading2以不发音的e结尾的词词后去e再加ingmake—makingdance—dancing3重读闭音节词（一元一辅结尾且此音节重读时）双写结尾的辅音字母，再加ingrun—running,hop—hoppingswim—swimmingshop—shoppingskip—skipping4特殊变化tie—tying,lie—lying,die—dying动词的现在分词（动词后加ing）变化规则：\n一、写出下列动词的现在分词：run______swim_______make______begin_______write______shop_______go_____skip_______  put______have______sing ______dance______see______live_____take______come______  get_______sit______runningswimmingmakingbeginningwritingshoppinggoingskippingputtinghavingsingingdancingseeinglivingtakingcominggettingsitting\n二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.Theboy________(draw)apicturenow.2.Listen.Somegirls_________(sing)intheclassroom3.Mymother________(cook)somenicefood  now.4.What____you______(do)now?5.Look!They__________(have)anEnglishlesson.isdrawingaresingingiscookingaredoingarehaving\n三、句型转换：1.Theyaredoinghousework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)__________________________________________________________________2．Thestudentsaredoingtheirhomework.(改一般疑问句并作肯定回答)__________________________________________________________________Aretheydoinghousework?Theyarenotdoinghousework.Arethestudentsdoingtheirhomework?Yes,theyare.\n一般将来时一般将来时的功能如：Iwillplayfootballthisweekend.我这个周末要去踢足球。2.表示打算、计划或预备做某事。如：Iamgoingtoplayfootballthisweekend.我打算这个周末踢足球。1.表示将要发生的事情。一般将来时的结构主+begoingto/will+动词原形+其他。\n一般将来时的句式变化肯:主+begoingto+动词原形+其他。主+will+动词原形+其他。否:主+benotgoingtot动词原形+其他。主+willnot/won’t+动词原形+其他。Iamgoingtoplayfootballtomorrow.Iwillplayfootballtomorrow.Iamnotgoingtoplayfootballtomorrow.Iwillnot/won’tplayfootballtomorrow.\n一般将来时的句式变化问:Be+主+goingto+动词原形+其他。Will+主+动词原形+其他?答:Yes,主be./No,主benot.Yes,主will./No,主willnot/won’t.Areyougoingtoplayfootballtomorrow?Willyouplayfootballtomorrow?Yes,Iam./No,I’mnot.Yes,Iwill./No,Iwon’t.\n一般将来时的句式变化特殊疑问句：Iamgoingtoplayfootballtomorrow.Iwillplayfootballtomorrow.Whenareyougoingtoplayfootball?Whenwillyouplayfootball?Iamgoingtoplayfootballtomorrow.Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?Iwillplayfootballtomorrow.Whatwillyoudotomorrow?\n练习：填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I___________haveapicnicwithmyfriendstomorrow.I______haveapicnicwithmyfriendstomorrow.2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球。What______________nextMonday?I__________playbasketball.3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。___yourmother_______goshoppingthis_______?Yes,she___.She_________buysomefruit.4.你们打算什么时候见面。Whattime____you________meet?amgoingtowillareyougoingtodoamgoingtoIsgoingtoweekendisisgoingtoaregoingto\n用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Tomorrowisasunnyday.We_____________(have)apicnicintheafternoon.2.Mybrother____________(go)toShanghainextweek.3.Tomoften____(go)toschoolonfoot.Buttodayisrainy.He___________(go)toschoolbybike.4. Maryusually_______(watch)TVonSundaymorning.ButthisSunday,she_______________(notwatch)TV.Look,she________(make)acakenow.aregoingtohaveisgoingto(go)goesisgoingto(go)watchesisn’tgoingtowatchismaking\n一般过去时一般过去时的功能如：Iplayedfootballlastweekend.上周末我去踢足球了。2.表示过去某个时间发生的动作。如：Iwasveryfatfiveyearsago.五年前我非常胖。1.表示过去某个时间存在的状态。一般过去时的结构主+动词过去式()+其他。be动词、行为动词、情态动词\n一般过去时的句式变化：肯：主+be（was/were）+其他。否：主+be(was/were)+not其他。问：Be(was/were)+主+其他？答：Yes,主+be./No,主+be+not.特殊疑问句：Iwasnot/wasn’tveryfatfiveyearsago.Iwasveryfatfiveyearsago.Wereyouveryfatfiveyearsago?Yes,Iwas./No,Iwasn’t.Whenwereyouveryfat?Howwereyoufiveyearsago?\n一般过去时的句式变化：肯：主+动词过去式+其他。否：主+didn’t+动词原形+其他。问：Did+主+动词原形+其他？答：Yes,主+did./No,主+didn’t.特殊疑问句：Ididn’tplayfootballlastweekend.Iplayedfootballlastweekend.Didyouplayfootballlastweekend?Yes,shedid./No,shedidn’t.Whendidyouplayfootball?Whatdidyoudolastweekend?\n情况变化例词1一般情况下词后加edcook—cooked,play—played2以e结尾的词词后加ddance—danced,like—liked3以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加edstudy—studiedtidy—tidied4重读闭音节词（一元一辅结尾且此音节重读时）双写结尾的辅音字母，再加edstop—stoppedshop--shopped5特殊变化put—putrun—rando—did动词过去式变化规则：\n常用不规则动词过去式：am、is-,are-,do-,see-,say-,give-,get-，go-,come-,have-,eat-，take-,run-,sing-,put-,make-,read-,write-,draw-,drink-,swim-,sit-，ride-,hit-wasweredidsawsaidgavegotwentcamehadatetookransangputmadereadwrotedrewdrankswamsatrodehit\n用动词的适当形式填空It____(be)Ben’sbirthdaylastFriday.Weall____(have)agoodtimelastnight.He______(jump)highonlastSportsDay.Helen______(milk)acowlastFriday.Shelikes______newspapers,butshe_____abookyesterday.(read)6.___they_____(sweep)theflooreverySundays?No,they_____.7.He______(watch)acartoononSundayevenings.washadjumpedmilkedreadingreadDosweepdon’twatches\n英语中的有：Therebe和have、has1、某人有某物---have、has他、她、它有用has其他人称（我、我们、你、你们、他们）用have2、某处有某物---thereis/thereare单数和不可数时用thereis复数时用thereare备注：some和any常用在therebe句型中。some用在肯定句中，any用在否定句和疑问句中表示邀请和建议的疑问句中用some\n一、选用“have、has、thereis、thereare”填空。1.I________agoodfatherandagoodmother.2.____________atelescopeonthedesk.3.He_________alovelydog.4.___________someboysintheplayground.5.She__________somedresses.6.___________twobooksandapeninmybag.7.___________apenandtwobooksinmybag.haveThereishasTherearehasThereareThereis\n二、选用some或any填空。1、Thereisn’t______milkinthefridge.2、Icansee_____cars,butIcan’tsee_____buses.3、Hehas_____friendsinEngland.4、Werethere_____fruittreesonthefarm?5、---Wouldyoulike_____cakes?---No,thanks.ButI’dlike_____coffee.anysomeanyanysomesomesome\n6、DoesTomwanttotake_____photos?7、Isthere_____riceinthekitchen?8、Thereare______newbuildingsinourschool.9、Hereare_____presentsforyou.10、---Arethere_____picturesonthewall?---No,therearen’t_____pictures.anyanyanyanysomesome\nThankyou!