对外汉语-汉语拼音 112页

两拼(声母+单韵母)aoeiuvaoebbabobibuppapopipummamomemimuffafofuddadediduttatetitunnaneninunvllalolelilulvggagegukkakekuhhahehujjijuqqiquxxixuzhzhazhezhizhuchchachechichushshasheshishurrareriruzzazezizuccacecicussasesisu\n第一课LessonOne汉语拼音和日常用语ChinesePīnyīn&DailyExpressions\n目录ChinesePinyinintroduction1SimpleVowels3InitalConsonants2Tones4OtherVowels5\nChinesePinyinIntroductionSyllable=InitialConsonant+Vowel+Tonemā=m+a+ˉInitialConsonant：21Vowel：38Tone：41\nnǐhǎo你好hanzipinyinnǐshengmuyunmushengdiao\n汉语拼音ChinesePīnyīnFunction:JustlikethephoneticalphabetsinEnglish,PīnyīnhelpsustoreadChinesewords.Formation:Initials声母shēngmǔFinals韵母yùnmǔTones声调shēngdiàoe.g.你(you)n-i-ˇnǐ好(good,fine)h-ao-ˇhǎo\n声调shēngdiàoTheChineseputonghuahasfourbasictones.Theyareshownbythetone-marks:ˉ(the1sttone),ˊ(the2ndtone),ˇ(the3rdtone),ˋ(the4thtone).Differenttonesmayexpressdifferentmeanings.\n声调shēngdiàobābábǎbà\n声调shēngdiàomāmámǎmà\n声调shēngdiào1.Thetone-markshouldbeplacedoverthevowels,eg:nǐ,gē,bà2.Whenatone-markisplacedabovethevoweli,thedotoveritmustbeleftout,eg:bǐ,wénjiànjiá3.Acompoundfinalcarriestwoormorevowels,thetone-markisplacedoverthevowelwhichpronouncedwiththemouthopeningwiderandlouder,usuallya,o,e,eg:lái,piào,dōu\n声调shēngdiào轻声（theNeutralTone)EveryChinesecharacterinChinesePutonghuahasitsspecifictone.Butsometimes,inawordorasentencesomesyllableslosetheiroriginaltonesandbecomeweakandshort,thereforeitiscalledtheneutraltone.Theneutraltonesyllablesareshownbytheabsenceofthetone-mark,forexample:Bàba爸爸（father,dad)māma妈妈（mother,mum)\n声母shēngmǔConsonants,21Whenusedasinitials,thefollowingconsonantsarepronouncedroughlythesameastheyareinEnglish.bpmfdtnlgkhjs\n声母shēngmǔConsonants,21Whenusedasinitials,thefollowingconsonantsarepronouncedquitedifferentlyfromwhattheyareinEnglish.qxzczhchshr\n声母shēngmǔbbōluó菠萝(pineapple)bàba爸爸(dad)bù不(no)(similarwithbinBrotherbutnobuffofbreath)\n声母shēngmǔPpǎobù跑步（running,run)(similartopinportpieButshouldbemorearticulatedwithmoreaspiration)\n声母shēngmǔmmāmā妈妈（mum)mǎi买（buy)（sameasminmanmug)\n声母shēngmǔfchīfàn吃饭（eating)fēng风（wind)(samewithfinfromfar)\n声母shēngmǔddà大（big,huge）dìdi弟弟（youngerbrother)(similarwithdindogdustbutnopuffofbreath)\n声母shēngmǔttàiyáng太阳（sun)tèbié特别（verymuch)(similartotintermtidetopButshouldbemorearticulatedwithmoreaspiration)\n声母shēngmǔnnánrén男人（male,man)ná拿（take,pick,hold)（similarasninnonation)\n声母shēngmǔllóng龙（dragon)kuàilè快乐（happy)（sameaslinletterlearn)\n声母shēngmǔggēge哥哥（olderbrother)gāo高（tall,high)(Similarwithgingrillgoodbutnopuffofbreath)\n声母shēngmǔkKěkěyǐ渴（thirsty)可以(can)shàngkè上课(haveclass)kǎoshì考试（exam)(similartokinkeyButshouldbemorearticulatedwithmoreaspiration)\n声母shēngmǔhhēshuǐ(drinkwater)hé河（river)hǎihěn海（sea)很（toomuch)(hsoundslike“h”intheEnglishword“her”heart,butitmustbeaddedmorefrictionofthebreaththanitisinEnglish.)\n声母shēngmǔjjī鸡（chicken)jiā家（home)(jinJeep)\n声母shēngmǔqqī七（seven)qián钱（money)qīzi(wife)(chincheese)\n声母shēngmǔxxī西（thewest)xǐhuān喜欢（like)xuéxí学习(study)(shinsheep)\n声母shēngmǔzzì字（characters)zuò坐（sit)(similarwithdsinfriendszinzero)\n声母shēngmǔccài菜（vegetable,dishes)cāi猜（guess)(similarwiththetsinbitsstudents)\n声母shēngmǔssì四（four)sīniàn思念（misssomeone)(similartosinstudent)\n声母shēngmǔzhzhè这（this)zhàn站（stand)zhīdào(know)(similarwithdgeinjudge)\n声母shēngmǔchchī吃（eat）cháng长（long)(similartochinchurch,butmusthavesrongpuffofbreath)\n声母shēngmǔshlǎoshī老师（teacher)shí十(ten)(similartoshinshirt)\n声母shēngmǔrrén人（human,people)rè热（hot)(similartorinrun)\n声母shēngmǔTest:listenandchoosetheInitialsyouhear.bpmfdtnlgkhjqxzhchshrzcs\naoeiuüdānyùnmǔ单韵母：\naainFatherāyí阿姨bàbɑ爸爸māmɑ妈妈\noAwWǒ我fó佛\neUhèkuàilèlekě饿快乐了可\niEseebeenǐmǐfàn4你米饭\nuooinLoopbookbùxínɡbùzhīdào不行不知道\nü(First, try to pronounce "i", and then your tongue stays here, gradually purse your lips. Try it yourself)yúxiàyǔlǜsè鱼下雨绿色\n韵母yùnmǔ39,vowels,orvowel+n/ngSinglefinalsaāáǎàoōóǒòeēéěèiīíǐìuūúǔùüǖǘǚǜ\nfùyùnmǔ复韵母（componundfinals）aieiaoouiaieuauoüe\naiai (as in "high")wǒàinǐkěài我爱你可爱zàibái在白zàijiàn再见\nei(like a long "a" or the "ei" in "eight")lèihēi累黑\nao-ao (as in "how" or "out")hǎomāoshǎolǎoɡāozǎoshɑnɡhǎo好猫少老高早上好\nou(like the "ow" in "low" or "boat")dōuɡǒukǒushǒuzǒu都狗口手走\niaia ( like ya in "yard")jiā家\nie-ie (like ye in "yes")biéjiérìxièxiè别节日谢谢\nua-ua (u followed by a)kuāhuāzhuāshuā夸花抓刷\nuo-uo (as in "war")cèsuǒduōshǎoɡuójiā厕所多少国家\nüexuéxíxuéshenɡxuéxiàodàxuéyuēhuì学习学生学校大学约会\nsānchóngyùnmǔ三重韵母（finalsconsistingof3singlefinals）uaiuei(ui)iaoiou(iu)\nuai-uai (like wi in "wild")shuàihuàishuāi帅坏衰\nUei(ui)-ui (similar to "way")duìbúduìɡuìhuìbúhuìshuǐshuí对不对贵会不会水谁\niao-iao (like yow in "yowl")jiàojiǎobiǎoniǎoliáotiānxiǎo叫脚表鸟聊天小\niou(iu)-iu (like yo in "yoga")diūniúliù丢牛六\nbíyùnmǔ鼻韵母（nasalfinals）\nqiánbíyùnmǔ前鼻韵母(frontnasalfinals)aneninianuen(un)uanüan\nan-an (like the sounds of "John" or "angry")mànchīfànhànyǔhěnnán慢吃饭汉语很难\nen-en (like“en"in "open")rénzhōnɡɡuóréntàiɡuórén人中国人泰国人zěnmeyànɡzhēnzhēndemɑ怎么样真真的吗\nin-in (as in "bin")nínjīntiānxīn您今天新\nian-ian (similar to "yen")qiánduōshǎoqiánmiàntiáofàndiàn钱多少钱面条饭店\nuan-uan (u followed by an)luànduǎnɡuānmén乱短关门\nuen(un)Aswhenyúnkūnmínɡchūntiān云昆明春天\nÜanÜn-uanun(üfollowed byann,only with initials j,q,x)yuǎnquànxuǎnzé远劝选择\nhòubíyīnyùnmǔ后鼻音韵母(backnasalfinals)angengingongianguengionguang\nang(like the sound of "under" or "rang')pànɡmánɡzhānɡshànɡkèrànɡzānɡ胖忙张上课让脏\neng-eng (like the "ung" in "lung")fēnɡnénɡxuéshenɡ风能学生\ning-ing (like "sing")mínɡzitīnɡ名字听nǐjiàoshénmemínɡzi？你叫什么名字？\nongong (like the "ung" in "lung" with a slight "oo" sound)yònɡdōnɡɡōnɡzuòzhōnɡɡuó用东工作中国\niang(-i followed by ang)\nuang-uang (like wang in "twang")\nuenguafterwitheng\niong(i merged with ong)\ntèshūyuányīnyùnmǔ特殊元音韵母(specialfinals）er儿ercannotbecombinedwithanyotheryunmu(finals），itcanonlybethefinalsbyitself.Itiscommonlyusedinnortherndialect.Therearemanywordsinthenortherndialectpronunciationofvowelsoccurduetothevolumeoftongueactionsoundchange,andthisphenomenoniscallederhua.\nererinherd\n-i(inzicisi)-i（inzhichishi)\nSimpleVowelsajarologebirder2\nieastumoonü\naoeiuü\n3、InitialConsonantsb(+o)brotherbōbàbùp(+o)piepápòpím(+o)mugmāmùmǐf(+o)farfófùfǎ\nd(+e)dustdàdúdét(+e)tidetātètùn(+e)nationnànǐnùl(+e)learnlālùlǜ\ng(+e)grillgēgūgák(+e)keykěkǎkūh(+e)hearthéhǔhā\nj(+i)jījūq(+i)qīqùx(+i)xīxū\nz(+-i)zerozìzázúc(+-i)studentscācícūs(+-i)studentssìsāsè\nzh(+-i)zhǐzhèzhūch(+-i)chīcháchēsh(+-i)shíshāshūr(+-i)rìrèrù\n¯mābālū̷mábálú˅mǎbǎlǔ\màbàlù\nMarktonesrules(1)a˃o˃e˃i˃u˃übābāobáixiàpòpōudénèixiè(2)iu,uiliùniú;duìtuǐ\n(3)j,q,xüjüjūqüqùxüxǔnǚlǜ\n5、OtherVowelsaiàimǎicàieibēihēifēiaoǎolǎobāoouōudōutóu\niayāxiàjiāieyèlièbié\n韵母yùnmǔi1.Whenistandsbyitselfasasyllable,itshouldbewrittenasyi.2.ishouldbewrittenasywhenitisplacedatthebeginningofafinalstandingbyitselfasasyllable,oryisaddedbeforei,eg:ia-yaie-yeiou-youiang-yang\n韵母yùnmǔu1.Whenustandsbyitselfasasyllable,itshouldbewrittenaswu.2.Whenucombineswithotherfinalstoformsyllables,itshouldbewrittenasW,eg:ua-wauo-wouei-weiuan-wanÜi\nTheSeparationLettersSeparationLettersVowelsApplicationrulesFinallyformyi,in,ing+yyi,yin,yingia,ie,iaoiyya,ye,yaoü,üe,üan+y,üuyu,yue,yuanwu+wwuua,uo,uaiuwwa,wo,wai\nuawāhuāguāuowōhuǒguóüeyuènüèlüè\niaoyàoxiǎoqiáoiouyóuliùniú(iu)uaiwāihuàishuàiueiwéishuízhuī(ui)\nanànbānlánenènrénshéninyìnxīnjìnünyún\nianyānliǎnxiànuanwǎnluànzuǎnüanyuánuenwénxúnzhǔn(un)\nangángmángzhāngengdēnglěngcéngingyīngmíngtǐngongzhōnghóngtòng\niangyángliàngniánguangwǎnghuángzhuāngiongyǒngjiǒngxiónguengwēng\nmùbāpòdénǐlǘfànhěnhǎochī.wǒfēichángshuài.\nxièxièduìbùqǐgēnwǒdú.zàishuōyībiàn.zuòliànxí.\nwǒmenyìqǐxuéhànyǔ.jiāyóu!\n日常用语DailyExpressions1.zǎoshanghǎo！xiàwǔhǎowǎnshanghǎo\n日常用语(一）DailyExpressions2.duìbuqǐméiguānxì\n日常用语DailyExpressions3.nǐhǎo\n日常用语(一）DailyExpressions4.xièxiezàijiàn\n日常用语DailyExpressions5.wǒnǐtāwǒmennǐmentāmen\n日常用语DailyExpressionslǎoshīxuéshengshàngkèxiàkè\ntīng(listen)shuō(speak)dú(read)xiě(write)yíxiàděng(wait)gēnwǒdú(readafterme)