小学英语语法及练习题--名词 9页

美奥教育小学语法技能训练Unit1---名词【要点精华】1.定义　名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词，专有名词是某个（些）人，地方，机构等专有的名称，如Beijing，China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词，如：book，sadness等。普通名词又可分为下面四类：　1）个体名词：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：gun。　2）集体名词：表示若干个个体组成的集合体，如：family。　3）物质名词：表示无法分为个体的实物，如：air。　4）抽象名词：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念，如：work。个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词，物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算，称为不可数名词。2.名词复数的规则变化（情况，构成方法，读音，例词）a.一般情况在名词后加-s清辅音后读/s/map-maps浊辅音和元音后读/z/bag-bags/car-carsb.以s,sh,ch,x等结尾的名词加-es读/iz/bus-buses/watch-watches/brush-brushes/box-boxesc.以ce,se,ze,等结尾加-s读/iz/license-licensesd.以辅音字母+y结尾的名词把变y为i再加es读/z/baby---babiese.以o结尾的名词，变复数时：1).加s，如：photo---photos　　piano---pianos　　　　　　　　radio---radios　　zoo---zoos；9\n美奥教育小学语法技能训练Unit1---名词2).加es，如：potato--potatoes　tomato--tomatoes3).上述a和b两种方法均可，如zero---zeros/zeroes。f.以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时：1).加s，如：belief---beliefs　roof---roofs　　　　　　　　safe---safes　gulf---gulfs2).去f,fe加ves，如：half---halves　　　　　knife---knives　leaf---leaves　wolf---wolves　　　wife---wives　life---lives　thief---thieves3).上述a和b两种方法均可，如handkerchief:handkerchiefs/handkerchieves。3.名词复数的不规则变化1）child---children　foot---feet　tooth---teethmouse---mice　　　man---men　woman---women　注意：由一个词加man或woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men和-women，如anEnglishman，twoEnglishmen。但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；Bowman是姓，其复数是theBowmans。2）单复同形，如deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese，yuan等。4.名词所有格1）在英语中有些名词可以加“’s”来表示所有关系，带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格，例如：Where’sLinTao’sbike?林涛的自行车在哪？2）如果原词已经有复数词尾-s,则仅仅加一个“’”，例如：teachers’office老师的办公室3）如果是复数，但不带词尾-s,则仍然加“’s”，例如：thosemen’shats那些男士的帽子4）如果表示各自的所有关系时，名词末尾均需加“’s”，例如：Jim’sandKate’sglasses吉姆和凯特各自的眼镜5）如果表示共同的所有关系时，仅在最后一词的末尾加“’s”，例如：JimandKate’skite吉姆和凯特的风筝（两个人共同拥有的）9\n美奥教育小学语法技能训练Unit1---名词6）如果表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时，名词所有格后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词，例如：ShallwegotoMeimei’sforsupper?我们一起到梅梅家去吃饭，好吗？7）没有生命的名词所有格用of，例如：Thisisaphotoofmyfamily.这是我家的一张全家福。【实战演练场】一.圈出下列单词中的不可数名词peachinkwaterzoosistercoffeeknifesnowiceteaorangefridgejeeprainwindcarteachermusicearcolawatermeloncherry二.写出下列名词的复数形式1.watch__________2.class__________3.shelf__________4.dog__________5.dish__________6.child__________7.nurse__________8.desk__________9.boy__________10.baby__________11.tooth_________12.eye__________13.sheep_________14.tomato_______15.library_________16.goose_________17.photo________18.telephone_________三.填入所给名词的适当形式1.Wehavethree________(pen).2.Thisisan__________(apple).3.Whereisthe__________(pencil)?4.Thereisalittle__________inthebottle(juice).5.Areyoua__________(driver)?Yes,Iam.6.Thereareafew__________(watch)onthedesk.7.Many__________(shelf)areinourschoollibrary.8.Hehassome__________(ink).9.The__________(girl)inredisMary.10.Howmany__________(people)arethereinyourfamily?Three.四.将下列名词按所给例词的词义属性归类schoolpineapplepandajacketpeachcatpenlibraryhattrousersrulerclassroomlemondresstigerplaygroundinkerasershirtelephantballpoint–pencomputerroomdeerpencil-casesnakeshortssocks9\n美奥教育小学语法技能训练Unit1---名词1.pencil2.banana3.coat4.wolf5.schoolbuilding一.选择题()1.Thereis__________onthetable.A.PlateB.aplateC.plates()2.Icanseemany__________inthegarden.A.flowersB.aflowerC.flowers()3.The_____onthehillsareallwhite.A.sheepB.sheepsC.doG()4.Thesenew_____areforyou.A.skirtB.shoeC.shirts()5.Theclockhasthree______A.legsB.legC.faces()6.Theyarenotinthesame_______.A.classB.classesC.familys()7.Isthisyour_____?A.akeyB.keysC.key()8.Theyarehaving_____.A.aclassB.EnglishclassC.Chineseclass()9.Therearesomany_____inthehall.A.peoplesB.peopleC.apeople()10.The_____hassomenicepictures.A.boysB.teachersC.child()11.The_____aredancingattheparty.A.womanB.womenC.man()12.The_____areinRoom408.A.studentB.astudentC.students()13.Who’sthat_____?She’smymother.9\n美奥教育小学语法技能训练Unit1---名词A.manB.womanC.women()14.The_____arecatchingthethief.A.policemanB.policemenC.policemans()15.Therearenew_____inmyschoolbag.A.knifeB.knifesC.knives()16._____jacketisit?Maybeit’s_____.A.Who’s;TomsB.What;Tom’sC.Whose;Tom’s()17.Thebooksarethe_____.A.teachers’B.teachersC.teacher()18.Therearealotofchildrenintheparkon_____Day.A.childrenB.Children’sC.Childrens’()19.Isitthetwins’bedroom?Yes,itis.It’s_____bedroom.A.AnnandAnna’sB.Ann’sandAnna’sC.AnnandAnna()20.Thatis_____dog.A.Tom’sB.TomsC.Tom()21._____coatsareverypretty.A.JimandTim’sB.Jim’sandTim’sC.JimandTim()22.Theyaregoingtotheir_____homefordinner.A.unclesB.uncleC.uncle’s()23.Thebigroomis_____.A.thetwin’sB.twins’C.thetwins’()24.March8this_____.A.Woman’sDayB.Womans’DayC.Women’sDay一.根据英语解释以及首字母写单词1.comesafterafternoone_________2.asmallbagwithmoneyinitw________3.thehottestseasons_________4.thefirstdayoftheworkingweekM_______5.thefirstmonthofayearJ__________6.aroomforsleepingb__________7.youruncle’ssonordaughterc_________8.thesisterofyourfatherormothera_________9.themonthafterJulyA__________9\n美奥教育小学语法技能训练Unit1---名词1.makingyouveryafraid;verybadt__________一.英汉互译1.一位美国医生____________2.许多绵羊___________3.不同的季节____________4.一杯牛奶_____________5.凯特的家庭照__________6.myuncle’sfriend___________7.hercat’sname____________8.thedoorsoftheclassroom_______9.thetwins’mother_________10.LucyandKate’sbedroom_______二.根据中文完成句子1.Whenyouhaveaheadache,youshouldstayinbedandtakesome__________(药).2.Myhobbyiscollecting___________(邮票).3.Many___________(孩子)likewatchingcartoon(卡通片).4.Everymorningweshouldbrush__________(牙齿).5.Wemustcleanour__________(教师)afterschool.6.MayIhaveanother__________(一瓶橘汁).7.Ilike__________(这条连衣裙的颜色).8.____________________(汤姆和安的手套)arethesame.9.Therearemany__________(狼)intheforest.10.__________(西红柿)ismyfavouritevegetable.三.阅读理解Lookatthepictureonthewall.It’sapictureofMr.Green’sfamily.TheoldmanisJimGreen.HeisMr.Green’sfather.Mr.Greenisaworker.Hiswife,HelenGreen,isadoctor.Theyhavetwodaughters.TheyareLucyandLily.Theyaretwins.LucyandLilyhaveacousin,Jeff.Jeff’sparentslovethemallverymuch.()1.TheoldmanisLucyandLily’s__________.A.fatherB.cousinC.uncleD.grandfather()2.TheGreenshavetwo__________.A.brothersB.sistersC.sonsD.daughters()3.Lucyhas__________.A.afriendB.asisterC.abrotherD.twosisters()4.Jeff’sfatherisLucyandLily’s__________.A.UncleB.fatherC.brotherD.grandfather9\n美奥教育小学语法技能训练Unit1---名词()5.Lily’smotherisa__________.A.doctorB.workerC.teacherD.father一.情景英语选择正确的句子完成对话Hello,WangMei!_1_.Sure!HowcanIhelpyou?Iwanttomovethedesk,butit’stooheavy._2_Iwanttoputitinthenextroom.OK,_3_Oh,it’ssoheavy,_4_No,it’sfullofbooks.Isee.Whydon’tyoutakeoutthebooks?_5_1.__________2.__________3.__________4.__________5._________A.That’sagoodidea!B.Goodbye!C.Wheredoyouwanttoputit?D.Isitempty?E.Shallwego?F.Howareyou?G.Couldyouhelpme,please?二.将下列短语改写成用“s”来表示所有关系的短语1.awalkofhalfanhour_____________________2.thebikesofHelenandJane___________________3.theshipsofthechildren______________________4.thesisterofJohn____________________________5.attheshopofuncleJohn_____________________6.theroomofHelenandJohn___________________三.把下列短语译成汉语1.apieceofbread___________2.aboxofapples____________3.apairoftrousers__________4.abottleoforangejuice________5.acupoftea_________6.aglassofwater__________7.apieceofnews_________8.sevenboxesofapples________十三.名词所有格练习.1.__________________________(李明的父母)workinabighospital.2.Thisis__________________________________(我妹妹的语文书).3.__________________________________(双胞胎的卧室)areverynice.9\n美奥教育小学语法技能训练Unit1---名词4.______________________________(王平和王明的父亲)isahotelmanager.5.Isthis___________________________________(你的好朋友的钢笔)?6.Theyare___________________________________(Peter和Sam的老师).7.___________________________(教师节)isonSeptember10th.8.___________________________________(学生们的桌椅)areverynew.9.Weareveryhappyon____________________________________(儿童节).10.Heisin_________________________________(老师的办公室)now.11.Pleaseopen______________________________________(教室的门).12.____________________________(赵敏的鞋)arewhite.13._________________________________(林红和张蔚的学校)isbigandnew.14.________________________________(John和Sally的母亲)areAmerican.15._____________________________(刘伟的妻子的朋友)isfromGuangzhou.16.______________________________(Tony哥哥的电脑)isbroken.17.It’s_____________________________(妇女节)onMarch8th.18.Arethese________________________________________(男生们的书包)?19.Thatis_______________________________________(Tom和李雷的教室).20._____________________________(我父亲的和她父亲的朋友)arefromBeijing.9\n美奥教育小学语法技能训练Unit1---名词9