小学英语语法及名词复数练习题 11页

f40d0dbda98951047bc8b44aedb76ecb.doc小学英语语法大全一,名词复数规则1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2.以s.x.sh.ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3.以"辅音字母y"结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:family-families,strawberry-strawberries4.以"f或fe"结尾,变f或fe为v,再加-es,如:knife-knivesLeaf——leaves5.不规则名词复数:man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,child-childrenfoot-feet,tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese二,一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍【No.1】一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征,状态.如:Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的.2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作.如:Igetupatsixeveryday.我天天六点起床.3.表示客观现实.如:Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转.一般现在时的构成1.be动词:主语be(am,is,are)其它.如:Iamaboy.我是一个男孩.2.行为动词:主语行为动词(其它).如:WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语.当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时,要在动词后加"-s"或"-es".如:MarylikesChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语.【No.2】一般现在时的变化1.be动词的变化.否定句:主语benot其它.如:Heisnotaworker.他不是工人.一般疑问句:Be主语其它.如:-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.非凡疑问句:疑问词一般疑问句.如:Whereismybike?2.行为动词的变化.否定句:主语don't(doesn't)动词原形(其它).如:Idon'tlikebread.当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn't构成否定句.如:Hedoesn'toftenplay.一般疑问句:Do(Does)主语动词原形其它.如:-Doyouoftenplayfootball?-Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句.如:-Doesshegotoworkbybike?-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.动词s的变化规则1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks,milk-milks2.以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes3.以"辅音字母y"结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:study-studies三,现在进行时1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作.2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be动词ing.3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not.4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首.5.现在进行时的非凡疑问的基本结构为:疑问词不达意be主语动词ing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为:疑问词不达意be动词ing?动词加ing的变化规则1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making,taste-tasting3.假如末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:run-running,stop-stopping第11页共11页\nf40d0dbda98951047bc8b44aedb76ecb.doc四,将来时理论及练习一概念表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算计划或预备做某事句中一般有以下时间状语tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,,:,.:thedayaftertomorrow(后天)等.二,基本结构:①begoingtodo;②willdo.三,否定句:在be动词(am,is,are)l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won't.例如:I'mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.→I'mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.四,同义句:begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow(明天).=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.五,一般过去时1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用.一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作.2.Be动词在一般过去时中的变化:⑴am和is在一般过去时中变为was.(wasnot=wasn't)⑵are在一般过去时中变为were.(werenot=weren't)3.句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否定句:didn't动词原形,如:Jimdidn'tgohomeyesterday.动词过去式变化规则:1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:work__-worked,cook-cooked2.结尾是e加d,如:live____lived3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped4.以"辅音字母y"结尾的,变y为i,再加-ed,如:study-studied5.不规则动词过去式:am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,swim-swam,sit-sat六,人称代词和物主代词主格宾格形容词性名词性Imemymineyouyouyouryourshehimhishissheherherhersitititsitsweusourours具体用法1.Hello的用法:Hello的意思为"您好",一般可作为熟人,亲朋好友之间的打招呼用语,语气比较随便,例如:Hello,LiHua!你好,李华.Hello,Tom!你好,汤姆!Hello也可以用以引起某人注意,常用在打电话时或者在路上碰见熟人时,相当于中文中的"喂",有时也可用Hi来代替hello,但前者显得更随便.2.What'syourname?的用法:当两人初次见面互相询问姓名时,可用What'syourname?来提问,回答时,可用Mynameis….来回答,接着反问对方时,可用Andwhat'syourname?来提问.例如:Hi!What'syourname?你好,你叫什么名字?Hi!MynameisLucy.Andwhat'syourname?你好,我叫露西.你叫什么名字?MynameisWangYing.我叫王英.句中的What's是Whatis的缩写形式.3.Goodmorning,class(teacher).的用法:Goodmorning,class.同学们好.Goodmorning,teacher.老师好.这是上午上课时,老师和全班同学互相问候时用语.Goodmorning是上午问候时的用语,多用于熟人,朋友或家人之间,是比较正式的问候用语.句中问候语放在前面,称呼语则要放在后面,并用逗号隔开.例如:Goodmorning.Mr.White.怀特先生,你好.第11页共11页\nf40d0dbda98951047bc8b44aedb76ecb.doc4.英语字母:英语中有26个字母,每一字母有大写形式和小写形式两种.大小写形式如下:AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIIJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvWwXxYyZz1.Areyou…?的用法.这是一疑问句型,意思是"你是……吗?"用来询问姓名,职业,身份等,例如:Areyouaworker?你是一名工人吗?Areyouastudent?你是学生吗?回答时用Yes,Iam.(是的,我是.)或者No,I'mnot.(不,我不是)来回答,注意Yes和No后面都有逗号,不能省略.2.Nicetomeetyou.的用法:这是两位初次见面相识后的用语,意思是"见到你很高兴."见面相识可由自我介绍,第三者介绍或者询问相识.例如:Hello!I'mXiaoHua.你好,我是小华Hello!I'mXiaoLi.你好,我是小李.Nicetomeetyou,XiaoLi.小李,见到你我很高兴.Nicetomeetyou,too,XiaoHua.小华,见到你我也很高兴.3.Whereis…?的用法:这一句型表示"某物或某人在什么地方".它同中文的句型结构不一样,where在前,而某物或某人在后,例如:Whereismybook?我的书在哪儿?It'sthere.在这儿.WhereisTom?Tom在哪儿?Heishere.他在这儿.句中的whereis可以缩写成"where's".4.am,is和are的用法:这三个词都是"是"的含义,但用法比中文中的"是"要复杂,英语中的am,is和are都是be的变化形式,根据不同的主语选用不同的动词,主语I用am,表示复数的主语和单数"you"则要用are,其它则用is.Iamateacher.我是教师.Youareaworker.你是一个工人.Youarestudents.你们是学生.SheisMissGao.她是高小姐.Thisbookismine.这本书是我的.【与熟人打招呼】:英美人一天中见面都要打招呼,根据一天中不同的时间选用不同的说法,早上和上午时说Goodmorning,下午时说,Goodafternoon,晚上见面时则要说Goodevening.对方也用相同的问候语来回答.例如:Goodmorning,Mr.Green.Goodmorning,MissLi.【Sorry的用法】:Sorry表示"对不起"或"抱歉",用于对自己的过错,失误,不能做某事或者不能提供对方的请求时常用sorry或者I'msorry来表示.例如:Canyouspellyourname?你能拼一下你的名字吗?I'msorry.Ican't.对不起,我不能.What'sthetime,please?请问几点钟了?Sorry,Idon'tknow.对不起,我不知道.【Excuseme的用法】:这是用于向某人询问一件事或提出请求而打扰某人时的用语.意思是"对不起","请问".例如:Excuseme!Whereismybag?对不起,我的包在哪儿呢?Excuseme!AreyouTeacherWang?对不起,请问你是王老师吗?【What's…的用法】:这个句型用于询问某人叫什么或者某个东西是什么,例如:What'sthis?It'sabook.这是什么?这是一本书.What'syourname?你叫什么名字?MynameisLucy.我叫Lucy.小学频道 新东方网>小学>特别推荐>【语法】小学英语语法总结【语法】小学英语语法总结一、学习用品（schoolthings）pen钢笔pencil铅笔pencil-case铅笔盒ruler尺子book书bag包postcard明信片newspaper报纸schoolbag书包eraser橡皮crayon蜡笔sharpener卷笔刀story-book故事书 notebook笔记本Chinesebook语文书Englishbook英语书mathsbook数学书magazine杂志newspaper报纸dictionary词典二、身体部位（body）foot脚head头face脸hair头发nose鼻子mouth嘴eye眼睛ear耳朵arm手臂hand手第11页共11页\nf40d0dbda98951047bc8b44aedb76ecb.docfinger手指leg腿tail尾巴三、颜色（colours）red红blue蓝yellow黄green绿white白black黑pink粉红purple紫orange橙brown棕四、动物（animals）cat猫dog狗pig猪duck鸭rabbit兔子horse马elephant大象ant蚂蚁fish鱼bird鸟 snake蛇mouse鼠 kangaroo袋鼠monkey猴子panda熊猫bear熊lion狮tiger老虎fox狐狸zebra斑马deer鹿giraffe长颈鹿goose鹅hen母鸡turkey火鸡lamb小羊sheep绵羊goat山羊cow奶牛shark鲨鱼seal海豹五、人物（people）friend朋友boy男孩girl女孩mother母亲father父亲sister姐妹brother兄弟uncle叔叔man男人woman女人Mr先生Miss小姐lady女士mom妈妈dad爸爸parents父母grandma/grandmother（外）祖母grandpa/grandfather（外）祖父aunt阿姨cousin堂表兄弟姐妹son儿子baby婴儿kid小孩classmate同学queen女王visitor参观者neighbour邻居principal校长penpal笔友tourist旅行者people人物robot机器人六、职业（job）teacher教师student学生doctor医生nurse护士driver司机farmer农民singer歌唱家writer作家actor男演员actress女演员artist画家TVreporter电视台记者engineer工程师policeman（男）警察salesperson销售员cleaner清洁工baseballplayer棒球运动员assistant售货员七、食品（foodanddrink：）breakfast早餐       lunch中餐          dinner晚餐       egg鸡蛋     rice米饭            cake蛋糕          bread面包        jam果酱 biscuit饼干     sausage香肠       sandwich三明治   dumplings饺子  fishandchips炸鱼薯条   meat肉      chicken鸡肉        mutton羊肉     beef牛肉            pork猪肉          fish鱼       hamburger汉堡  hotdog热狗        noodles面条        soup汤           salad沙拉         milk牛奶　         water水         ice-cream冰淇淋　     cola可乐　juice果汁　         tea茶　          coffee咖啡fruit 水果         apple苹果　       banana香蕉　   pear梨　orange橙　     watermelon西瓜　    grape葡萄　cherry 樱桃 lemon柠檬         mango芒果         coconut椰子       peach桃strawberry草莓vegetable蔬菜eggplant茄子       greenbeans青豆　  tomato西红柿　potato土豆　　    cucumber黄瓜　    onion洋葱　        carrot胡萝卜　cabbage卷心菜 pumpkin  南瓜    sweetpotato红薯     pea 豌豆八、衣服（clothes）jacket夹克衫shirt衬衫T-shirtT恤衫skirt短裙子dress连衣裙jeans牛仔裤pants/trousers裤子socks袜子shoes鞋子sweater毛衣coat上衣raincoat雨衣shorts短裤 sandals凉鞋boots靴子hat帽子cap鸭舌帽sunglasses太阳镜tie领带scarf围巾gloves手套九、交通工具（vehicles）bike自行车bus公共汽车train火车水boat小船ship轮船yacht快艇car小汽车taxi出租车第11页共11页\nf40d0dbda98951047bc8b44aedb76ecb.docjeep吉普车van小货车plane飞机subway地铁motorcycle摩托车十、杂物（otherthings）window窗户door门desk课桌chair椅子bed床computer计算机board写字板fan风扇light灯teacher’sdesk讲台picture图画；photo照片wall墙壁floor地板mirror镜子football足球present/gift礼物walkman随身听lamp台灯phone电话sofa沙发shelf书架fridge冰箱table桌子TV电视air-conditioner空调key钥匙lock锁 plate盘子knife刀fork叉spoon勺子chopsticks筷子pot锅toy玩具doll洋娃娃ball球balloon气球kite风筝jigsawpuzzle拼图游戏box盒子umbrella伞zipper拉链violin小提琴yo-yo溜溜nest鸟窝hole洞toothbrush牙刷menu菜单e-card电子卡片e-mail电子邮件trafficlight交通灯money钱medicine药十一、地点（locations）home家room房间bedroom卧室bathroom卫生间livingroom起居室/客厅kitchen厨房classroom教室school学校park公园library图书馆postoffice邮政局hospital医院cinema电影院bookstore书店farm农场zoo动物园garden花园 playground操场canteen餐厅teacher’soffice教师办公室gym体育馆washroom盥洗室artroom美术室computerroom电脑房musicroom音乐教室TVroom电视房flat公寓company公司factory工厂petshop宠物店sciencemuseum科学博物馆theGreatWall长城supermarket超市bank银行country乡村village村庄city城市十二、气象（weather）cold冷的hot热的warm温暖的cool凉爽的snowy下雪的sunny晴朗的 rainy下雨的windy刮风的cloudy多云的weatherreport天气预报十三、景物（nature）river河流lake湖泊stream小溪forest森林path小路road马路house房子bridge桥building建筑物rain雨cloud云sun太阳mountain大山sky天空rainbow彩虹wind风air空气十四、植物（plants）flower花grass草tree树seed种子plant植物rose玫瑰leaf树叶十五、星期（week）MondayTuesdayWednesdayThursdayFridaySaturdaySundayweekend周末十六、月份（months）JanuaryFebruaryMarchAprilMayJuneJulyAugustSeptemberOctoberNovemberDecember十七、季节（seasons）springsummerfall/autumnwinter十八、方位（directions）south南north北east东west西left左right右十九、患病（illness）第11页共11页\nf40d0dbda98951047bc8b44aedb76ecb.dochaveafever发高烧hurt疼痛haveacold伤风haveatoothache牙疼haveaheadache头疼  haveasorethroat喉咙疼haveastomachache 胃痛二十、数词（number）onetwothreefourfivesixseveneightnineteneleventwelvethirteenfourteenfifteensixteenseventeeneighteennineteentwenty二十thirty三十forty四十fifty五十sixty六十seventy七十eighty八十ninety九十hundred一百first第一second第二third第三fourth第四fifth第五月sixth第六seventh第七eighth第八ninth第九tenth第十eleventh第十一twelfth第十二二十一、形容词（adj。）big大的small小的long长的tall高的short短的young年轻的old老的strong强壮的thin瘦的active积极的quiet安静的nice好的kind善良的strict严格的smart聪明的funny滑稽的sweet甜的salty咸的sour酸的fresh新鲜favourite最喜欢的clean干净的tired累的excited（感觉）兴奋的angry生气的happy高兴的bored无聊的sad难过的taller更高的shorter更短的stronger更强壮的older更老的younger更年轻的bigger更大的heavier更重的longer更长的thinner更瘦的smaller更小的good好的better更好的higher更高的fine好的great棒的heavy重的new新的fat胖的right对的hungry饿的cute可爱的little小的lovely可爱的beautiful漂亮的colourful五颜六色的pretty漂亮的cheap便宜的expensive贵的juicy有汁的 healthy健康的helpful有帮助的high高的easy简单的proud骄傲的二十二、介词（prep。）in在……里面on在……上面under在……下面near在……附近behind在……后面nextto在……旁边over悬在……上面infrontof在……前面二十三、代词（pron。）I我we我们you你，你们he他she她it它they他们my我的our我们的your你的，你们的his他的her她的二十四、动词（verb。）play玩swim游泳skate溜冰fly飞jump跳walk走run跑climb爬fight打架swing荡秋千eat吃sleep睡觉like喜欢have有buy买take拍（照），带live居住teach教go去study学习learn学习sing唱歌dance跳舞row划readbooks读书dohomework做作业watchTV看电视cookthemeals烧菜watertheflowers浇花sweepthefloor拖地cleanthebedroom打扫房间makethebed铺床叠被setthetable摆餐桌washtheclothes洗衣服washthedishes洗盘子useacomputer用电脑domorningexercises做早操eatbreakfast吃早餐eatdinner吃晚饭gotoschool去上学haveEnglishclass上英语课playsports体育运动getup起床climbmountains爬山goshopping去购物playthepiano弹钢琴visitgrandparents拜访祖父母gohiking去远足flykites放风筝makeasnowman堆雪人planttrees植树drawpictures画画cookdinner烧晚饭readabook读书answerthephone接电话第11页共11页\nf40d0dbda98951047bc8b44aedb76ecb.doclistentomusic听音乐cleantheroom打扫房间writealetter写信writeane-mail写电子邮件drinkwater喝水takepictures拍照片pickupleaves摘树叶writeareport写报告playchess下棋haveapicnic野餐getto到达rideabike骑自行车playtheviolin拉小提琴collectstamps集邮meet遇见welcome欢迎thank谢谢work工作drink喝taste尝smell闻feed喂milk挤牛奶look看guess猜help帮助pass传递show展示，给……看use用clean打扫open打开close关put放read读，看write写paint画画tell告诉kick踢ride骑stop停wait等find找drive驾驶fold折叠send送，寄wash洗shine照耀become变成feel感觉think想fall掉下leave离开wakeup醒过来puton穿上takeoff脱下hangup挂起来wear穿gohome回家gotobed去睡觉playcomputergames玩电脑游戏playchess下棋dohousework做家务emptythetrash倒垃圾putawaytheclothes放好衣服getoff下车takeatrip去郊游readamagazine读杂志gotothecinema去电影院二十五、疑问词what（什么）   whatcolour（什么颜色）whattime（几点）whatday（星期几）how（怎样）howold（年龄多大、几岁）howmany（多少） howmuch（多少钱）  howtall（多高）howheavy（多重） howlong（多长）  howbig（多大）  howlarge（面积多大）who（谁）  when（什么时候）whose（谁的）   where（在哪里）why（为什么）which（哪一个）一将下列的名词变成复数形式。1．book___________________2.duck___________________3.house___________________4.orange___________________5.class___________________6.box___________________7.watch___________________8.bus___________________9.city___________________10.factory___________________11.country___________________12.family___________________13.hero___________________14.potato___________________15.tomato___________________16.photo___________________17.piano___________________18.knife___________________19.leaf___________________20.life___________________21.fish___________________22.sheep___________________23.foot___________________24.tooth___________________25.man___________________26.woman___________________27.fireman___________________28.policeman___________________29.postman___________________30.child___________________第11页共11页\nf40d0dbda98951047bc8b44aedb76ecb.doc31.mouse___________________二．请归类可数名词和不可数名词，把该单词的编号写在相应的位置上。A.bookB.milkC.riceD.bunE.soupF.waterG.teaH.hamburgerI.breadJ.moneyK.paperL.deskM.toyN.babyO.seasonP.eggQ.coffeeR.computerS.treeT.meatU.porkV.toothW.roomX.penY.beefZ.chair1.可数名词：____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.不可数名词：____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________三．选择填空。1．Theycomefromdifferent______________.A.countryB.countriesC.acountryD.countrys2.Howmany______________doyouseeinthepicture?A.tomatosB.tomatoesC.tomatoD.thetomato3.Theyare______________.A.womanteachersB.womenteachersC.womenteacherD.womanteacher4.wouldyoulike______________,please?A.twoglassofwaterB.twoglassesofwaterC.twoglassofwaterD.twoglassesofwaters5.Therearesome______________inthese______________.A.knifespencil-boxesB.knivespencil-boxC.knivespencil-boxD.knivespencil-box一、将下列名词变成复数形式。1.plane__________tree__________lesson__________month__________apple__________shirt__________2.box__________bus__________brush__________第11页共11页\nf40d0dbda98951047bc8b44aedb76ecb.docwatch__________class__________fox__________3.knife__________life__________leaf__________Wife__________thief__________4.day__________boy__________monkey__________baby__________country__________story__________5.photo__________radio__________piano__________tomato__________hero__________6.child__________tooth__________man__________Sheep__________English__________Chinese__________二、判断正误，并改正错句，正确的打“√”1．Thehouseismybrother.________________________2.Hehasvisitedmanycountry.______________________3.TheyareEnglishs.______________________________4.ThisisTomredbike.____________________________三、选择填空1．Therearetwo______intheroom.A.ChinesesB.Englishman2.Theoldmanwillhave___________out.A.twotoothsB.twoteeth3.____________aresoldinthisbookstore.A.Children’sbooksB.Childrenbooks4.Somefriendsof_________willcomehere.A.John’sB.John5.Canyougiveme______________?A.somepapersB.apieceofpaper第11页共11页\nf40d0dbda98951047bc8b44aedb76ecb.doc6.Thereare______________onthefloor.A.someboxB.someboxes四、将下列句子变成复数形式。1．Thissheepiswhite.___________________________________________________2.Thereisadeskandachairintheroom.___________________________________________________3.Thatmanisadoctor.___________________________________________________小学英语语法名词练习题一、写出下列名词的复数形式1.computer____________2.apple____________3.city______________4.house_____________5.sheep_____________6.watch______________7.tomato_____________8.child_____________9.tooth________10.foot______________11.wife_____________12.potato____________13.play_____________14.day____________15.glass______________16.radio______________17.zoo______________18.life______________19.story_____________20.leaf_____________21.baby_____________22.dress_____________23.butterfly_____________24.deer_____________25.class_____________26.brush_____________27.key_____________28.English____________29.mouse____________30.man_____________二、汉译英1．Tom的足球_________________2.老师们的自行车_________________3．学生们的课桌_________________4.哥哥的文具盒_________________5．姑姑的卡片_________________6.猴子们的香蕉_________________7．蚂蚁们的早餐_________________8.妈妈的包_________________9．姐姐的连衣裙_________________10女孩们的苹果_________________三、把下列句子翻译成英文1．这些是Peter的篮球吗？________________________________________2．这个是老师的钢笔吗？___________________________________________3．有一些书在Sam的课桌上。________________________________________第11页共11页\nf40d0dbda98951047bc8b44aedb76ecb.doc4．有一些孩子们在教室里。___________________________________________四、改错（圈出错处，在横线上改正过来）1.Therearesomebutterflysonthetable.________________________2.ThisisAlicedress.______________________3.Iliketomatoverymuch.__________________五、将下列句子变成复数形式。1．Thisdogisbrown.___________________________________________________2.Thereisabookandapenonthetable.___________________________________________________3.Thatwomanisateacher.___________________________________________________第11页共11页