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牛津英语5A英语语法(六)数词一数词的种类数词分基数词和序数词 基数词是表示自然数列的词,例如;one,two,three,four….. 序数词是表示先后顺序的词,例如:first,second,third,fourth…二基数词和序数词的表示法1.基数词单词的拼写:1~12为单词,13~19都以后缀-teen结尾,20至90这样的整十数都以后缀-ty结尾,其他基数词中间加连字符号“-”再按照上述的变化进行。例:21→twenty-one56--fifty-six85→eighty-five 三位数的构成为:几+百+and+末两位(或末一位)数例:132→onehundredandthirty-two 205→twohundredandfive 千以上的数字的读法:从后面往前,每三位数作为一个单位,分别为thousand,million. 32,548,652,读作:thirtytwomillion,fivehundredandfortyeightthousand,sixhundredandfiftytwo2.序数词=基数词+th(1、2、3为first,second,third)。但以下几种情况要注意: 1)fifth(第五),eighth(第八),ninth(第九),twelfth(第十二) 2)以ty结尾的基数词变词尾为tieth例:twenty→twentieth,ninety→ninetieth 3)复合序数词只需要将相应基数词中最后一位变成序数词,其余不变。例:第二十一→twenty-first 第二百四十五→twohundredandforty-fifth三基数词序数词的用法1.hundred,thousand,million与数字连用,表示一定量的具体数字,不用复数,但表示不定概念可用复数\n例:threehundredpeople,millionsofpeople2.基数词表示时刻。例:7点seveno’clock,7:20seventwenty3.给某些事物编号例:LessonOne=thefirstlesson BusNo.2 7月1日=JulyI(JulyIst) 1996年6月3日=June3,1996=Junethethird,nineteenninety-six4.有关分数表示法。分子是基数词,分母是序数词。当分子大于1时,分母就用复数。例:I’vereadone-fifthofthebooks. I’vefinishedthree-fifthsofthewords.5.有关倍数表示法 两倍用twice,三倍以上用数词+times,要注意倍数在句子的位置。例:Thedooristhreetimesthesizeofthis.6.十位数字(个位为零)的基数词以复数形式出现时,表示年代、年龄例:Sheisagood-lookingwomaninherforties.(forties指40—49岁之间)四.数词实练习题解析:1.TheEnglishfor10,440is . A.tenthousand,fourhundredsandforty B.tenthousand,fourhundredandforty C.tenthousands,fourhundredandforty D.tenthousandandfourhundred,forty本题在于掌握千以上数字的读法,在千、百前面有数字,不加复数;百位、十位中间加and,每三位为一组,再加相应的单位即可,故选B2.oftheworkersinthefactoryisabouttwohundred, ofthemarewomenworkers. A.Thenumber,first-third B.Thenumber,one-third C.Anumber,half \nD.Anumber,threequarters分数表达法前文阐述已经很多,应表示为one-third.要区分thenumberof与anumberof,thenumberof指“……的数量”,谓语动词用单数; anumberof意为“许多”,谓语动词为复数。故选B3.---Canyouwritethenumbereighty-fivethousand,sixhundredandtwenty-six? ---Yes,itis . A.85662 B.85626 C.85006 D.85000千以上的数字,从后往前三个数为一个单位,即从85之后顺次写出三个数即可,即626,连在一起即为85626。故选B.4.About ofthebooksinourschoollibraryarewritteninChinese. A.fouth-fifths B.four–fifth C.four–fifths D.fourths-fifth本题考查分数的表达法,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大于1,分母用复数,因此它的表达法为four-fifths,故选C。5.Theroadisover meterslong. A.sixhundredandfifty-two B.sixhundredsandfiftytwo C.sixhundred,fifty–two D.sixhundred,fiftyandtwo百、千、百万等词与数字连用不用复数,因此不加s。其次表示百位数时要在百位和十位之间(无十位,则在百位和个位之间)加and,再次在个位与十位之间要有连字符“-”,故本题选A6.January isNewYear’sDay. A.one B.two C.thefirst D.thesecond某月的几号要用序数词表示,读时序数词前要加the。故选C7.Takethe turningonyournight. A.nine B.ninth C.nineteen D.nineth根据题意判断本题考第几个转弯处需用序数词,拼写正确的只有B五.专项练习\n1.Thereare daysinaweek. A.theseven B.seventh C.theseventh D.seven2.Ithinkthatthe century(世纪)willbringusmorehopes. A.twenty-one B.twentieth-first C.twenty-first D.twentieth-one3.--Howmanystudentsarethereinyourschool? -- thestudentsinourschool overtwothousand. A.Thenumberof;is B.Thenumberof;are C.Anumberof;is D.Anumberof;are4.Thenewstudentisin . A.Class2 B.ClassSecond C.2Class D.class25.--Howmanyteachersarethereinyourschool? -- ,butI’mnotsure. A.Hundreds B.Hundred C.Hundredsof D.Onehundred6. oftheteachersinourschoolisaboutonehundred,andofthemarewomenteachers. A.Thenumber,two-thirds B.Thenumber,two-thid C.Anumber,half D.Anumber,three-quarters7.---Dad,whenwillyoubefree?Youagreedtogototheseasidewithmefourdaysago. ---Iamsorry,Jean.ButIthinkIwillhavea holidaysoon. A.four-days B.four-day C.fourdays D.fourday8.FanZhiyi’stransfertoDundeeFootballClubattheendoflastyeararoused(激起) Chinesepeople’sinterest. A.thousandof B.thousand C.thousandsof D.thousands9.Thisstoryhappenedon . A.1989,Oct21st B.Oct.21st,1989 C.21Oct,ber,1989 D.21stofOctber,1989\n10."Sevenfive"canbewritten . A.fivesevens B.fivetoseven C.sevenfives D.fivepastseven答案: 1-5DCAAD 6-10ABCBD