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小学英语语法及其各时态专项练习题一、一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍【No.1】一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如:Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成(通常usually\often\everyday\sometimes) 1.be动词:主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如: Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。 2.行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。如: WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语。 当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时,要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如:MarylikesChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。 一般现在时的变化 1.be动词的变化。 否定句:主语+be+not+其它。 如:Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句:Be+主语+其它。 如:-Areyouastudent? -Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot. 特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:Whereismybike? 2.行为动词的变化。 否定句:主语+don't(doesn't)+动词原形(+其它)。如: Idon'tlikebread. 当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn't构成否定句。如: Hedoesn'toftenplay. 一般疑问句:Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。如: -Doyouoftenplayfootball? -Yes,Ido./No,Idon't. 当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。如: -Doesshegotoworkbybike? -Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't. 特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:Howdoesyourfather\ngotowork?动词+s的变化规则1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks,play-plays2.以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾,加-es,如:pass-passes,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:study-studies一般现在时用法专练:一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink________go_______stay________make________look_________have_______pass_______ carry____come________ watch______plant_______fly________study_______brush________do_________ teach_______二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.Heoften________(have)dinnerathome.2.MaryandTommy_______(be)inClassOne.3.We_______(notwatch)TVonMonday.4.Nick_______(notgo)tothezooonSunday.5.______they________(like)theWorldCup?6.What_______theyoften_______(do)onSaturdays?7._______yourparents_______(read)newspaperseveryday?8.Thegirl_______(teach)usEnglishonSundays.9.SheandI________(take)awalktogethereveryevening.10.There________(be)somewaterinthebottle.11.Mike_______(like)cooking.12.They_______(have)thesamehobby.13.Myaunt_______(look)afterherbabycarefully.14.Youalways_______(do)yourhomeworkwell.15.I_______(be)ill.I’mstayinginbed.16.She_______(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.17.LiuTao_______(do)notlikePE.18.Thechildoften_______(watch)TVintheevening.19.SuHaiandSuYang_______(have)eightlessonsthisterm.20. -Whatday_______(be)ittoday?三、按照要求改写句子1.DadwatchesTVeveryevening.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________2.Idomyhomeworkeveryday.(改为一般疑问句作否定回答)_______________________________________________________3.\nI’mateacher.(改为一般疑问句,作肯定回答)___________________________4.Amylikesplayingcomputergames.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)___________________________________________________5.Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改为否定句)_______________________________________________________6.HespeaksEnglishverywell.(改为否定句)___________________________________________________7.JohncomesfromCanada.(对划线部分提问)___________________________________________________8.Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)_______________________________________________________四、改错(划出错误的地方并圈上,将正确的写在横线上)1.Is yourbrotherspeakEnglish? __________________2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing? __________________3.Helikesplaygamesafterclass. __________________4.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish. __________________5.Shedon’tdoherhomeworkonSundays._________________二、现在进行时1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为:疑问词+be+主语+动词ing?但疑问词当主语时其结构为:疑问词+be+动词ing?如:Whoisrunning?动词加ing的变化规则1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making,dance-dancing3.如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:run-running,\nstop-stopping现在进行时专项练习:一、写出下列动词的现在分词:play________run__________swim_________make__________go_________like________ write________ski___________read________have_________sing ________dance_________put_________see________buy_________love____________live_______take_________come________ get_________stop_________sit________begin________shop___________二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:1.Theboy__________________(draw)apicturenow.2.Listen.Somegirls_______________(sing)intheclassroom.3.Mymother_________________(cook)somenicefood now.4.What_____you______(do)now?5.Look.They_______________(have)anEnglishlesson.6.They____________(not,water)theflowersnow.7.Look!thegirls________________(dance)intheclassroom.8.Whatisourteacherdoing?She_________(listen)tomusic.9.It’s 5 o’clocknow.We____________(have)suppernow10.______Helen____________(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.三、句型转换:1.Theyaredoinghousework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)______________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)______________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.I’mplayingfootballintheplayground.(对划线部分进行提问)_______________________________________________________4.Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.(对划线部分进行提问)三、一般将来时一、概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语:tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,thedayaftertomorrow(后天)等。\n二、基本结构:①begoingto+do;②will+do.三、否定句:在be动词(am,is,are)后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。例如:I’mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.→I’mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.四、一般疑问句:be或will提到句首,some改为any,and改为or,第一二人称互换。例如:Wearegoingtothecinemathisweekend.→Areyougoingtothecinemathisweekend?五、对划线部分提问。一般情况,一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1.问人。Who例如:I’mgoingtoNewYorksoon.→Who’sgoingtoNewYorksoon.2.问干什么。What…do.例如:MyfatherisgoingtowatchTVwithmethis afternoon.→Whatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon?3.问什么时候。When.例如:She’sgoingtogotobedatnine.→Whenisshegoing tobed?六、同义句:begoingto=willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow(明天).=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.练习:填空。1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_____________________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.I________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球。What___________________________________________nextMonday?I__________________playbasketball.3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?是,她要去买一些水果。_____yourmother_______________goshoppingthis___________?Yes,she_________.She________________________buysomefruit.4. I’mgoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.(改一般疑问句)_______________________togetupat6:30tomorrow?5. Wewillmeetatthebusstopat\n10:30.(改一般疑问句)_______________meetatthebusstopat10:30?6. Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool.(对划线部分提问)_______________she_________________________afterschool?7.Tomoften______________(go)toschoolonfoot.Buttodayisrain.He______________(go)toschoolbybike.8.Whatdoyouusuallydoatweekends?Iusually__________(watch)TVand____________(catch)insects.9.It’sFridaytoday.What_____she_________(do)thisweekend?She______________(watch)TVand_____________(catch)insects.10.What___________(d0)youdolastSunday?I____________(pick)applesonafarm.11.I____________(visit)hergrandparentstomorrow.12.LiuTao____________(fly)kitesintheplaygroundyesterday.四、一般过去时1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。2.Be动词在一般过去时中的变化:⑴am和is在一般过去时中变为was。(wasnot=wasn’t)⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。(werenot=weren’t)⑶带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is,am,are一样,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3.句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否定句:didn’t+动词原形,如:Jimdidn’tgohomeyesterday.一般疑问句:在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如:DidJimgohomeyesterday?特殊疑问句:⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形?如:WhatdidJimdoyesterday?⑵疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式如:Whowenttohomeyesterday?动词过去式变化规则:1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:learn-learned,cook-cooked2.结尾是不发音的e加d,如:dance-danced3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i,再加-ed,如:study-studied5.不规则动词过去式:am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,fly-flew,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,\ndraw-drew,drink-drank,ride-rode,speak-spoke,sweep-swept,swim-swam,sit-sat过去时练习一、写出下列动词的过去式is\am_________fly_______plant________are________drink_________play____go________make_________dance_______worry________ask_____taste_________eat__________draw________put______pass_______do________二、用be动词的适当形式填空1.______you_______(visit)yourunclelastyear?2.______he_______(fly)akiteonSunday?Yes,he______.3.What______she_______(find)inthegardenlastmorning?She__________(find)abeautifulbutterfly.五、形容词和副词的比较级复习及练习一、形容词的比较级1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用:两个事物或人的比较用比较级,比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more,alittle来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格(口语中可用宾格)。2.形容词加er的规则:⑴一般在词尾加er;⑵以字母e结尾,加r;⑶以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加er;⑷以“辅音字母+y”结尾,先把y变i,再加er。3.不规则形容词比较级:good-better,beautiful-morebeautiful二、副词的比较级1.形容词与副词的区别(有be用形,有形用be;有动用副,有副用动)⑴在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后⑵副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后2.副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同(不规则变化:well-better,far-farther)六、Therebe句型与have,has的区别1、Therebe句型表示:在某地有某物(或人)2、在therebe句型中,主语是单数,be动词用is主语是复数,be动词用are如有几件物品,be动词根据最*近be动词的那个名词决定。3、therebe句型的否定句在be动词后加not,一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。4、therebe句型与have(has)的区别:therebe表示在某地有某物(或人);have(has)表示某人拥有某物。5、some和any在therebe句型中的运用:some.many用于肯定句,any用于否定句或疑问句。6、and和or在therebe句型中的运用:and用于肯定句,or\n用于否定句或疑问句。7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是:Howmany+名词复数+arethere+介词短语?Howmuch+不可数名词+isthere+介词短语?七、人称代词和物主代词1、人称代词主格和宾格的区别:主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前(有时候位于than之后),宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。2、物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别:形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词,名词性则单独使用,后面不带名词。人称代词主格:Iweyousheheitthey宾格:meusyouherhimitthem形容词性物主代词:myouryourherhisitstheir名词性物主代词mineoursyourshershisitstheirs八、系动词Be(am,is,are)的用法一、请记住以下口诀:我用am,你用are,is连着他,她,它;单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃。变否定,更容易,be后not莫忘记。疑问否定任你变,句首大写莫迟疑。二、Be动词在一般过去时中的变化:1.am和is在一般过去时中变为was。(wasnot=wasn’t)2.are在一般过去时中变为were。(werenot=weren’t)3.带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和am,is,are一样,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。九、名词复数规则1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2.以s.x.sh.ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,peach-peaches3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:family-families,strawberry-strawberries4.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v,再加-es,如:knife-knivesshelf--shelves5.不规则名词复数:man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese\n一、一、写出下列各词的复数I______him______this______her______that________child_______photo_____diary______day________foot________book_______dress_____tooth_______sheep______box_______strawberry________thief_______potato______peach_______sandwich______man______woman______juice________water________milk________rice_________tea__________