【知识】精通英语小学知识点 9页

小学英语知识点总结(1)字母：(大小)辨认、书写顺序:AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvWwXxYyZz.元音字母：Aa,Ee,Ii,Oo,Uu半元音字母:Yy书写容易错误的字母：E,F,G,M,N,d,i,p,q,x,y.(2)数字：基数词和序数词的运用，如计算、购物等.基数词:One,two,three,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,twenty,twenty-one,thirty,forty,fifty,eighty,ninety,one/ahundred,one/ahundredandonetwohundred.序数词:first,second,third,fourth,fifth,sixth,seventh,eighth,ninth,tenth,eleventh,twelfth,twentieth,twenty-first,twenty-second,twenty-third,twenty-four,thirtieth,fortieth,fiftieth,eightieth,ninetieth,相关句型:1)What’sthirtyandforty?It’sseventy.2)What’syourtelephonenumber?Mytelephonenumberis83555723.3)Whattimeisit?It’shalfpastten.4)Whendoyouusuallygetup?Atsixthirty-five.5)Wheredoyoulive?IliveatNo.48RenminRoad.6)Howoldareyou?I’mtwelve.7)Howmuchdoesitcost?Itcosts50yuan.8)Howmanycarshaveyougot?Ihavegot6cars.9)Howmanybirdscanyouseeinthetree?Icanseethree.10)Howmanydollsarethereonthebed?Thereisone/adoll.11)Howmanydollsarethereonthebed?Therearefourdolls.12)Whichfloordoyouliveon?Iliveonthefifthfloor.13)Excuseme,canyoutellmethewaytoBaiyunhotel?Yes,godownthisstreet,thenturnleftatthethirdcrossing,.14)Who’sthefifthgirlfromtheright?She’smycousin.注意：数词的应用;不可数名词及它的量的表示方法;many与much在用法上的区别;thereis/are与have/has在用法上的区别.(3)颜色：实物的颜色colours:red,pink,yellow,brown,blue,purple,orange,black,white,grey,darkblue,lightblue.相关句型:1)Whatcolourisyourcoat?It’s...1精品学习资料可选择pdf第1页，共9页-----------------------\n2)What’syourfavouritecolour?Myfavouritecolouris......(4)时间：年、季节、月、星期、日、时刻year,season(spring,summer,autumn,winter),month:January,February,March,April,May,June,July,August,September,October,November,December.Week:Sunday,Monday,Tuesday,Wednesday,Thursday,Friday,Saturday.Day:1stMay(thefirstofMay),May2nd(Maythesecond)Time:(an)hour,minute,second10:05(fiveminutespastten,tenofive)10:10(tenminutespastten,tenten)10:15(quarterpastten,tenfifteen)10:30(halfpastten,tenthirty)11:00(eleveno’clock)相关句型:1)Howoldisyourmother?She’sthirty-sixyearsold.2)Howmanymonthsarethereinayear?Thereare12.3)When’syourbirthday?Mybirthdayison15thJanuary(thefifteenthofJanuary).4)Whendoyougetup?Igetupatsixo’clock.5)Whendoesspringlast?Itlastsfor3monthsfromMarchtoMay.6)Whattimeisit?It’squartertonine.(5)食品与饮料：人对食品与饮料的喜好;东西方食品food:meat,rice,fish,bread,egg,cake,drinks:water,milk,orange/apple/watermelon/banana/strawberryjuice,coke,coffee,black/greentea相关句型:1)Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink/eat?Yes,I’dlikesome,No,thanks.2)Wouldyouliketoeat/drink?I’dliketoeat/drink,No,thanks.3)What’syourfavouritefood/drink?Myfavouritefood/drinkis,4)CouldIhavesome,?Yes,please.(6)服装：服装的颜色:人对服装的喜好;某人的穿戴;所属关系clothes:hat,cap,coat,shirt,T-shirt,skirt,dress,sweater,jacket,trousers,sock,shoeputon,wear所属关系:形容词性的物主代词:my,your,his,her,its,our,their名词性的物主代词:mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,theirs相关句型:1)Whatdoesitlooklike?Itlikeswearingablueshirt.2)Whoseshoesarethese?They’remine.They’reTom’s.3)Isthis/that/ityourbook?Yes,itis.No,itisn’t.4)Isthispencilyours?Yes,itis.No,itisn’t.5)Arethese/those/theyyourcoatsandtrousers?Yes,theyare.No,theyaren’t.2精品学习资料可选择pdf第2页，共9页-----------------------\n6)Arethoseclothestheirs?Yes,theyare.No,theyaren’t.7)Thisismyhat.Thathatishis.注意：名词单，复数;物主代词(名词性的物主代词，形容词性的物主代词);名词所有格，如：Tom’s,myfather’s,theteachers’.(7)玩具和文具：特点、颜色、所属关系;存在的位置Toys:doll,toy,toycar,toyplane,toyship......文具:desk,book,bag,pen,pencil,pencil-box,ruler,chair,ball存在的位置:in,on,under,beside,behind,infrontof,inthefrontof,inthemiddleof,atthebackof,(aplace/aperson).相关句型:1)Thereisacupofteaonthetable.2)Therearesomeorangesinthefridge.3)Isthereanymilkintheglass?Yes,thereis.No,thereisn’t.4)Arethereanyorangesinthefridges?Yes,thereare.No,therearen’t.5)What’sunderthedesk?Thereisanorange./Therearesomeoranges.(8)日常生活用品：特点、颜色、所属关系;存在的位置words:shelf,table,clock,brush,telephone,light,computer,bike,fridge,glass,knife,keyboard,bottle,box,plate,photo,photograph,fax,radio,super-market,bookstore,noodles/cake/clothes/shoe/TVshop.特点:big,small,heavy,light,white,black,empty,full,old,new,beautiful,cute,tall,short,strong,plump,nice,good,bad(9)动物：家畜、家禽;农场动物、动物园及野生动物的特点;生活地点和所属关系words(animals):cat,dog,duck,goose(geese)fish,sheep,bird,panda,monkey,rabbit,hen,cock,chicken,tiger,lion,pig,cow,mouse(mice),giraffe,dolphin,生活地点：athome,inafarm,inazoo,所属关系：同上话题(7)(10)植物：特点、所属关系;存在的位置words:tree,rose,flower,leaf(leaves),(11)环境与建筑：特点、所属关系;存在的位置buildings:factory,hospital,park,house,library,museum,office,farm,postoffice,bank,policestation,trainstation,sportsstadium,departmentstore,store,school,classroom,house:bathroom,living-room,sitting-room,bedroom,washroom,kitchen,garden,房子的基本构造：door,gate,wall,window,floor,相关句型:1)Wheredoyoustudyat?IstudyatLongdongPrimarySchool.2)Wheredoesyourmotherworkin?Sheworksinahospital.3精品学习资料可选择pdf第3页，共9页-----------------------\n3)Let’smeetatthegateofthepark.4)Mybrotherisplayinginthegarden.(12)身体：特点body:head,hair,eye,nose,ear,mouth,neck,shoulder,hand,finger,foot(feet),toe,外貌:fat,thin,plump,tall,short,old,young,roundface,twobigblueeyes,longhair,shorthair,blackhair,whitehair,相关句型:1)I’m/You’re/He’s/She’s/We’re/They’re(not)tall.2)Ishe/shetallorshort?He’s/She’stall(short).3)I/We/They/Youhave(got)blackhair.4)He/Shehas(got)aroundface.5)Hashe/shegotlonghair?Yes,he/shehas.No,he/shehasn’t.注意：描述人的外貌时，have与has用法上的区别;形容词的用法，如:tall,short,old,young,black,long(13)个人情况：姓名、年龄、地址、特点与爱好age,year,address,e-mailaddress,hobby,hobby:collectingstamps(coins),goingswimming,doingsth相关句型:1)Howoldareyou?I’mthirteenyearsold.2)I’mathirteen-yearoldboy.3)What’syouraddress?IliveatNo.48Renminroad.4)What’syoure-mailaddress?Mye-mailaddressis123VIP@126.com.5)What’syourhobby?Myhobbyisgoingrunning.Or:Ilikegoingrunning.6)I/You/Theylikemusic.7)Helikessightseeing.8)Doyoulikereading?Yes,Ido.No,Idon’t.9)Doeshe/shelikeplayingbasketball?Yes,he/shedoes.No,he/shedoesn’t.注意：描述个人的喜好时：名词和动词-ing形式作宾语;主语是第三人称单数时一般现在时动词的变化。动词ing的变化规律：1)直接加ing，如：open-opening,clean-cleaning,meet-meeting,sing-singing,study-studying,,2)去掉词尾不发音的e，如：take-taking,close-closing,come-coming,drive-driving,have-having,use-using,write-writing,practice-practicing,,3)重读闭音节的，双写最后的字母，加ing,如：sit-sitting,put-putting,begin-beginning,get-getting,swim-swimming,run-running,cut-cutting,become-becoming,,4精品学习资料可选择pdf第4页，共9页-----------------------\n主语是第三人称单数时一般现在时动词的变化规律(与名词变复数规律相同)：1)直接加s，如：cook-cooks,come-comes,close-closes；2)以o,x,s,sh,ch结尾+es,如:teach-teaches,go-goes,do-does,catch-catches,wash-washes,brush-brushes,miss-misses；3)辅音字母加y结尾，把y改为i，+es，如：fly-flies,worry-worries,carry-carries；4)以f或fe结尾，把f或fe，改为v+es；5)特殊：have-has；(14)家庭、亲属和朋友：姓名、年龄、地址、特点与爱好：与你的关系words:family,grandfather(grandpa/granddad),grandmother(grandma/grandmum),father,mother,brother,sister,uncle,aunt,cousin,friend相关句型:1)Ishe/sheTom’scousin?Yes,he/sheis.No,he/sheisn’t.2)Who’she/she?He’s/She’smyfriend.3)Howmanypeoplearethereinyourfamily?Whoarethey?Therearefour,myfather,mymother,mybrotherandme.注意：1名词单复数，如：family-families;名词单数--复数规律:1)直接加s，如：boy-boys,term-terms,2)以o,x,s,sh,ch结尾+es,如:box-boxes,3)class-classes,glass-glasses,coach-coaches,dress-dresses,fax-faxes,inch-inches,match-matches,4)辅音字母加y结尾，把y改为i，+es，如：baby-babies,lady-ladies,factory-factories,peach-peaches,library-libraries,watch-watches；5)以f或fe结尾，把f或fe，改为v+es:leaf-leaves,knife-knives,wife-wives,shelf-shelves,,6)特殊:man-men,policeman-policemen,woman-women,child-children,goose-geese,tooth-teeth,foot-feet,7)不变:hair,milk,tea,coffee,water,bread,rice,paper,juice,meat,people,fish,sheep,,2名词所有格，表明是“谁的”如：mycousin’s,hisparents’它的构成规则：单数名词后+“’s”，Mike’smother.复数名词词尾有，其后只+“’”，Teachers’Da教师节.若是两人共有时，只在后者+“’s”,JimandTom’smother.吉姆和汤姆的母亲。不是两者所共有的，两者都+“’s”,Jim’sandTom’smother.吉姆母亲和汤姆的母亲。名词若是无生命，所有格构成用of,amapofChina.一幅中国地图(15)学校：学校建筑和学校生活words:schoolbuilding,classroom,dormitory,playground,library5精品学习资料可选择pdf第5页，共9页-----------------------\n,subjects:Chinese,maths,English,music,computer,PE,art,biology,politics,history,meeting,geography.相关句型:1)What’syourfavouritesubject?English.2)Where’sthelibrary?It’sbehindthedormitory.3)Whendoyougotoschool?At7:20.4)WhendoesChinesebeginonMonday?AtEighto’clock.5)DoesgeographybeginattwentytotenonMonday?Yes,itdoes.No,itdoesn’t.6)We’rehavinganEnglishclass.(16)社交礼仪：礼貌用语;询问与应答1.Greetings:Hello!Hi!Goodmorning/afternoon/evening.Howareyou?Fine,thanks.Andyou?Pleasesayhellotoyourparentsforme.2.Introduction:Mynameis,I’mapupil.I’mnewhere.ThisisMr/Mrs/MissWhite.Hello,nicetomeetyou.3.Farewells:Goodbye/Bye-bye/Bye.Seeyouthen/tomorrow.Goodnight.It’slate.Imustgohomenow.Thankingforcoming.4.Thanks:Thankyou(verymuch).You’rewelcome.Notatall.5.apologies:Sorry.I’msorry.That’sallright.Excuseme.6.Incitation:Willyougoshoppingwithme?Wouldyouliketogo?I’dloveto.Thankyou.7.Askingforpermission:MayIhaveanapple?Could/CanIuseyourbike?Sure.Certainly.Yes,ofcourse.Yes,doplease.8.Expressingwishes:Happybirthday!Thankyou.9.Offeringhelp:CanIhelpyou?WhatcanIdoforyou?10.Makingappointments:Areyoufreetomorrow?Whatabouttomorrowafternoon?Let’smeetatthegateat7:50.Shallwevisitthemuseum?11.Hello!MayIspeaktoKate?Speaking/It’sKatehere.Who’sthis/that,please?12.Takingmeals:Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat/drink?Wouldyoulikesomefish/meat?13.Shopping:CanIhelpyou,sir?WhatcanIdoforyou,sir?Whataboutthisone?Doyoulikethisone?Iwant/I’dlikesomeoranges.Howmuchistheshirt/arethesocks?It’stosmall.Twokilos,please.I’lltakeit.14.Askingtheway:Excuseme.WhereistheGuangzhouLibrary?CanyoutellyoumethewaytotheGardenHotel,please?CanItakethisbustoBeijingRoad?Isthereahotelnearhere?(17)国家与城市：地理位置;特点Countries:China,Japan,America(theUSA),English(theUK),6精品学习资料可选择pdf第6页，共9页-----------------------\nAustralia,Russia,Canada,Italy,India,France,Nationalities:Chinese,Japanese,American,Englishman,Australian,Russian,Canadian,Italian,Indian,French,相关句型:1)Where’sJapan?It’stotheeastofChina.2)Wheredoesyourfriendcomefrom?ShecomesfromEnglish.3)Wherearetheyfrom?They’refromRussia.4)Whatcountrydoyoufrom?IcomefromChina.5)Whatcountryishefrom?He’sfromFrance.6)Whatlanguagedoesshespeak?ShespeaksFrench.7)Whatlanguagedotheyspeak?TheyspeakChinese.(18)天气：气候特征weather:hot,cold,cool,warm,sun,shine,sunny,rain,heavyrain,lightrain,rainy,wind,strongwind,windy,snow,heavysnow,lightsnowsnowy,cloud,cloudytemperature:15(fifteendegreescentigrade),0(zerodegreecentigrade),-5(minusdegreescentigrade),相关句型:1)What’stheweatherlikeinspring?It’swarm,rainyandwet.2)Whatwilltheweatherbelikethere?Itwillbesunny.3)Isitsnowing?Yes,itisasnowyday.4)Willtherebecloudy?Yes,therewill.5)Thesunisshining.6)Iliketakingawarmbath.(19)节日：节日的特点;节日的活动festivals:NewYear’sDay,SpringFestival,Women’sDay,AprilfoolishDay,MayDay,Mother’sDay,Children’sDay,Father’sDay,Party’sDay,Army’sDay,Mid-autumnFestival,Teachers’Day,NationalDay,ThanksGivingDay,ChristmasDay.NewYear’sDay:1stJanuary.SpringFestival:It’stheChineseNewYear.It’sthefirstdayoftheChineseyear.It’saveryspecialfestivalforallChinesepeople.ItisusuallyattheendofJanuaryorthebeginningofFebruary/inlateJanuaryorearlyFebruary.Thechildrencanget“luckymoney”.Women’sDay:It’son8thMarch.AprilFoolishDay:on1stApril,onthisday,peoplecanplayjokestotheirfriends.MayDay:1stMay,laborers’day.Mother’sDay:onthesecondSundayofMay.Children’sDay:onJune1st.Father’sDay:onthethirdSundayinJune.Party’sbirthday:inChina,it’son1stJuly.Army’sDay:inChina,it’son1stAugust.7精品学习资料可选择pdf第7页，共9页-----------------------\nMid-autumnFestival:on15thAugustofChineselunarcalendar.InChina,peopleeatspecialcakescallsmooncakesandwatchthefullmoon.Teachers’Day:on10thSeptember.NationalDay:inChina,it’satthebeginningofOctober.ThanksGivingDay:thelastThursdayinNovember,it’sAmericanfestival.ChristmasDay:December25th.(20)方位：人或物的位置;问路与应答place:in,on,at,under,near,nextto,beside,behind,infrontof,inthefrontof,inthemiddle(of),back,ontheright/left,thesecond/,personfromtheright/leftA:Excuseme.Where’sthedepartmentstore?CanyoutellmethewaytotheGardenHotel,Please?CanItakethisbustoBeijingRoad?Isthereahotelnearhere?B:It’soverthere.Turnright/leftatthefirstcrossing.Thehotelisontheright/left.I’msorry,Idon’tknow.(21)正在发生的事情：现在进行的动作和发生的事bedoingsomething1)I’m/You’re/He’s/She’s/We’re/They’re(not)working.2)Areyouplayingfootball?Yes,Iam/weare.3)Ishe/shetakingexercise?Yes,he/sheis.No,he/sheisn’t.4)Aretheygoingshopping?Yes,theyare.No,theyaren’t.5)Whatareyoudoing?I’m/We’recleaningtheroom.6)What’she/shedoing?He’s/She’shavingsupper.7)Whataretheydoing?They’rereading.(22)日常生活：日常生活、工作、学习的活动dailyroutinegetup，brushone’steeth,washone’sface,makebreakfast,havebreakfast,gotoschool/work,domorningexercises,haveclasses,playbasketball,playfootball,run,jump,gohome,havelunch,havesupper,doone’shomework,watchTV,dosomereading,takeabath,gotobed1)Whattimedoyougetup?Iusuallygetupat6o’clock.2)ShenZhenoftentakesabathat9o’clockinthemorning.3)Mymotherisneverlateforwork.(23)计划与打算：计划和将要进行的动作和发生的事begoingtodo1)I’m/You’re/He’s/She’s/We’re/They’re(not)goingtovisitthemuseum.2)Areyougoingtoswim?Yes,Iam/weare.No,I’mnot/wearen’t.3)Ishe/shegoingtoseeMissWang?Yes,he/sheis.No,he/sheisn’t.4)Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?I’m/We’regoingtovisitthefarm.5)I/You/He/She/They/Wewillgoskiing.6)Areyougoingtobebusytomorrow?Yes,Iam/weare.goswimming,goshopping,goclimbing,goskiing,gowalking,gorunning,gofishing,goskating,gosightseeing,8精品学习资料可选择pdf第8页，共9页-----------------------\n(24)能力和可能：可能进行的动作和发生的事1)I/You/He/She/We/Theycan(can’t)comeheretomorrow.2)Canhe/shevisitthefactorytoday?Yes,he/shecan.No,he/shecan’t.3)Cantheygobybus?Yes,theycan.No,theycan’t.4)MayIvisitthefactorythisafternoon?Yes,ofcourse/Sure/Certainly.5)MayIsithere?Yes,ofcourse/pleasedo.注意:情态动词can的用法,cando(+动词原形).overthere.Turnright/left9精品学习资料可选择pdf第9页，共9页-----------------------