小升初介词专项 10页

介词介词是表示名词，代词和句中其他词之间关系的词，主要表示地点，位置，时间和方式等。Whatcanyouseeinthepicture?你在照片里看到了什么？IwasbornonMay11th.我出生在5月11日。Thelibraryisnearthepostoffice.图书馆在邮局附近。常用介词及用法1.表示时间的介词。英语里最常见的时间介词有：at,in,on,before,after和from.(1)at,in和on都表示时间。at指具体的时间点。athalfpastseven.在七点半。ateleveno’clockatnoon（中午）atthattime（那时）in一般指某一段时间。inApril在四月份inthemorning/afternoon/evening.In2013,inMay,2005（在2005年五月）;inthreedays（三天之后）;inSpring;inthe21stcentury（在21世纪）on指在具体的某一天。onSunday.在星期天。OnApril,1st在四月一日onSundayafternoon在星期天的早上onawarmmorninginApril(在四月的一个温暖的早晨)onNewYear’sday(新年)(2)before和after表示时间的先后顺序。before表示“在⋯..之前”Washyourhandsbeforedinner.饭前要洗手。Ihavetofinishmyhomeworkbefore10o’clock..我不得不在十点之前做完作业。精品学习资料可选择pdf第1页，共10页-----------------------\nafter表示“在⋯.之后”，Theyoftenplayfootballafterschool.他们放学后经常踢足球。MyfatheroftenwatchesTVafterdinner.我爸爸经常在晚饭后看电视。(2)from表示时间时，常和to连用，构成from⋯to⋯的结构，表示“从⋯..到⋯..”的意思。Hekeptonworkingfromseventotwelvelastnight.他昨晚从起点到12点一直在工作。IgotoschoolfromMondaytoFriday.2.表示方位的介词。小学阶段常见的方位介词有on,in,at,under,over,above,below,about,around,between等。(1)on,over和above相同点：三者均有“在⋯.上面”的意思。不同点：on表示两个物体的表面相互接触。—Whereisthepen?—It’sontheboxover表示“在⋯.的正上方”，两个物体的表面没有接触。above表示两个物体中一个在另一个的上方，但不一定垂直，两个物体间也没有接触。Thereisabookonthedesk.桌子上有一本书。Theskyisoverourheads.天在我们的头顶上。Theplaneisflyingaboveclouds.飞机在云上飞行。(2)under和below相同点：两者均表示“在⋯.的下面”的意思。不同点：under表示“在⋯.的正下方”，其反义词是over.overunder精品学习资料可选择pdf第2页，共10页-----------------------\nThereisaballovertwoboxes.ThereisaballunderaboxThereisabridgeovertheriver.河上有座桥。below表示“在⋯..的下面”，但只是低于某一点，不强调是否在正下方。Fromthetopofthehill,wecouldseetheblueoceanbelow.我们从山顶上能看到下边的蓝色大海。Thedeadseaisbelowsealevel.死海的海面低于海平面。(3)in表示位置，意为“在⋯里面”，也可以用来表示在一个很大的空间内。Maryworksinabank.玛丽在银行工作。Thereisn’tacloudinthesky.天空中没有一片云。What’sinthebox?Heputhishandsinhispockets.他把手放入口袋。(4)at表示“在某地点”。Iwillwaitforyouatthestation.我将在车站等你。(5)around和about均表示“在⋯周围”。Theysataroundthetable.他们围着桌子而坐。Wewalkedaboutthetown.我们在镇周围走。(6)behind表示“在⋯..的后面”。Thereisabroombehindthedoor.门后边有一把扫帚。(7)infrontof表示“在⋯⋯的前面”。Thereisanewwhitecarinfrontofthehouse.那房子前面有一辆白色的新轿车。(8)between表示“在两者之间”。Mybedroomisbetweenmytwosisters’.我的卧室在两个姐妹的卧室之间。(9)表示“在某地”时，at后面接小地方，in后接大地方。如：athome在家atthebusstop在汽车站inChina在中国intheworld在世界上精品学习资料可选择pdf第3页，共10页-----------------------\n3.表示动向的介词。在英语钟，有一类介词表示一种动态的移动，有“朝着,,”和“向着,,”的意思。小学阶段常见的动向介词有into,outof,up,down,from,to,across,through,along等。(1)into和outofInto表示“从外向里”的意思；outof表示“从里向外”的意思。Isawthemgointothehouse.我看见他们进了那间房子。Lilyranoutoftheclassroom.莉莉跑出了教室。(2)up和downup表示“向上”，down表示“向下”。Weclimbedupthemountaintothetop.我们爬上了山顶。Sheopenedthedoorandwentdownthestairs.她开了门下楼去了。(3)across和through相同点：两者都表示“通过，穿过”的意思。不同点：across.[?'kr?s]表示“穿过”这一动作在某个物体的表面进行。Hewalkedacrosstheroadcarefully.他小心地穿过马路。Theduckisswimmingacrosstheriver.这只鸭子正在游过河。Heisswimmingacrossthepool.他正在游过游泳池。through.[θru:]表示“穿过”这一动作在某个物体的空间内进行。Shewalkedthroughtheforestalone.她独自一人走过森林。Thetrainisgoingthroughthetunnel(隧道)。这辆火车正在穿过隧道。Hewantstoclimbintotheroomthroughthewindow.他想从窗户爬进房间。3.表示方式的介词表示方式的介词主要有by,with,in等。(1)by表示“靠，用”。Mymothergoestoworkbybus.我妈妈乘公精品学习资料可选择pdf第4页，共10页-----------------------\n共汽车上班。(2)with表示“使用，和⋯.一起；有，具有，带有”。Hecutthecakewithaknife.他用小刀切开了那个蛋糕。(3)in表示“用某种语言，以某种方式”。ShecanspeakinJapanese.基础训练将下列词组翻译成汉语。1.onthefarm_______________2.bytrain______________2.theboyinwhite_____________4.afterschool___________________5.underthechair_________________6.atnight____________________7.infrontoftheclassroom_________________________8.onSaturdaymorning__________________9.behindthetree_______________________10.neartheriver__________________________选择括号内恰当的介词填空。1.Children’sDayis_____________(at/on/in)the1stofJune.2.Thegirl_____________(with/on/in)longhairismysister.3.Tomdoesn’tdowell_________(at/on/in)math.4.Lookatthemonkeys____________(between/on/in)thetree.5.Wehaveskirts_________(under/behind/in)red,greenandwhite.Whatcolordoyoulike？6.Tomsellshiscomputergame____________(with/for/to)me.7.Sheisafriend________(of/to/on)mysisters’.8.Here’sanicepicture___________(with/to/for)you.精品学习资料可选择pdf第5页，共10页-----------------------\n9.Pleasecallme____________(at/to/with)23479865.10.What’sthis_________(at,on,in)English?二单项选择()1.—What’sthis_________English?—It’sanapple.A.onB.inC.atD.of()2.Lily,canyougoshopping______me?A.nearB.atC.withD.from()3.Englishisspoken________American.A.inB.atC.byD.with()4.Itoftenrains_______June.A.ofB.inC.atD.on()5.Theyarewaitingforabus_________thebusstop.A.inB.toC.onD.at()6.—Whatdidyoudo_______thefarm?—Weplantedsometreesforthefarmers.A.onB.inC.atD.to()7.Thegirl________whiteandredismysisterKate.A.forB.ofC.inD.with()8.Thewaterway(运河)iswideenoughformanyshipstopass_________.A.aboveB.acrossC.crossD.through()9.Writethenumbers_______10________30ontheblackboard.精品学习资料可选择pdf第6页，共10页-----------------------\nA.from;inB.between;andC.behind;andD.among;in()10.Thechildrenareplanning__________theirclassproject.A.ofB.forC.withD.about()11.Tomwasborn_______Aprilthe1st,andIwasborn_______April,too.A.in;inB.in;onC.on;inD.on;on()12.IsPolly________thetree?A.atB.inC.onD.after()13.Doesyourmothercook_______you_____theweekend?A.for;onB.for;atC.with;onD.to;at()14.Igetup______aboutsevenfiftyfive.A.inB.onC.atD.for()15.It’scold________winterinShenYang.A.atB.inC.onD.to()16.What’swrong________yourbike?A.inB.onC.atD.with()17.Thanks_________yourhelp.A.toB.forC.inD.on()18.Iknowthename_______thegirl.A.inB.onC.of()19.—Ishisbook________thedrawer?—No，it’s_______thedesk.精品学习资料可选择pdf第7页，共10页-----------------------\nA.in,inB.on,onC.at,onD.in,on()20.Bobwasborn_______May12th,1999.A.inB.atC.onD.mustn’t三根据汉语意思，完成句子。1.李明很擅长唱歌。LiMingisgood_______singing.2.爸爸对我要求很严格。Myfatherisstrict________me.3.李华坐在教室中间。LiHuasits_______themiddle______theclassroom.4.这本书和那本书不一样。Thisbookisdifferent_________thatbook.5.在朋友的帮助下，我通过了数学考试。Withthehelp________myfriend,Ipassedthemathsexam.四完成对话。A:Excuseme,canyoushowmetheway______theBank_______China?B:Oh,doyouknowthepostoffice?Thebankis______________it.A:I’mnewhere,Idon’tknowthecitywell.B:CanIgo_______you?A:That’sgreat.B:Whereareyou_________?A:Sydney,How__________you？B:I’m_________GuiLin.A:It’saplaceofinterest.精品学习资料可选择pdf第8页，共10页-----------------------\nB:Welcome________GuiLin五找出句中错误的一项并改正。1.Therearetwopicturesinthewall.__________________2.Sheusuallygoestoschoolonbus.___________3.Whatcanyouseeonthepicture?____________4.MygrandmotherwentshoppingandmysisterlastSunday._______________5.CanyouwriteitonChinese?_________________六选择适当的介词填空。oninatbywithnearunderbehindinfrontof1.Ioftenhavebreakfast______7:30.2.LiTaoalwaysgoestoschool________taxi.3.Myhomeisnotfarfrommyschool.Itis________myschool.4.Thereisplentyofwater_______theground.5.Lilyhides_________thedoor.6.Wehavethreemathlessons_______aweek.7.Pleasewritealetter__________ink.8.Therearesomeapples_______thetree.9.Isyourmother_______home?10.IalwayshelpKim________hisEnglish.七英汉互译精品学习资料可选择pdf第9页，共10页-----------------------\n(1)inMay____________(2)infrontofthecinema_______________________(3)amapoftheworld______________________(4)inthewest________________(5)在湖上_______________________(6)在家里___________________(7)在树后面______________________(8)在下午一点________________(9)来自日本___________________(10)进来____________________精品学习资料可选择pdf第10页，共10页-----------------------