小升初英语语法大全-小升初语法知识及练习 75页

专题一字母概述英语中有26个字母。其中有5个元音字母和剩余的20个辅音字母。Yy为半元音字母,有时用作元音字母,有时用作辅音字母。小热身:1.按顺序默写出26个字母的大小写,并画出元音字母和半元音字母.2.根据你所掌握的字母知识,完成下列各题。(1)六个两笔完成的小写字母是_____，i,j,_____,_____,x(2)五个元音字母的大小写形式是_____,Ee,_____,_____,______(3)六个三笔完成的大写字母是____,E,____,H,I,____字母及读音字母大小写及读音Aa/ei/Gg/dʒi:/Mm/em/Ss/es/Yy/wai/Bb/bi:/Hh/eitʃ/Nn/en/Tt/ti:/Zz/zed/Cc/si:/II/ai/Oo/əʊ/Uu/ju:/Dd/di:/Jj/dʒei/Pp/pi:/Vv/vi:/Ee/i:/Kk/ kei/Qq/kju:/Ww/dʌblju:/Ff/ef/Ll/el/Rr/ɑ:/Xx/eks/字母的大写　★英文句中首单词首字母要大写。例:Howareyou?★人名中名和姓的首字母要大写。例:JimGreen,WangYadan\n★国名、城市名的首字母要大写。例:China,Zhengzhou★语言及民族首字母要大写。例:English,Chinese★职务或称呼的首字母要大写。例:DrWang,MissLi★专用名词的首字母要大写。例:ClassTwo,GradeSix★表示“我”的单词(主格),即“I”,无论在什么情况下都要大写。例:LucyandIarefriends．三．常见缩略词Mon．星期一Tue．星期二Wed．星期三Thur．星期四Fri．星期五Sat．星期六Sun．星期日Jan．一月Feb．二月Mar．三月Apr．四月Jun．六月Jul．七月Aug．八月Sept．九月Oct．十月Nov．十一月Dec．十二月A．M．（a．m．）上午P．M．（p．m．）下午WC厕所UN联合国TV电视USA美国CCTV中国中央电视台OK好，行IT信息技术RMB人民币CD光盘VIP重要人物ID身份证WTO世界贸易组织ABC基础知识UFO不明飞行物强化练习一.写出下列字母的左邻右舍。____d____；O_________；_____L_____；________X；____Hh_____；____N___；V________；____Dd___；r________；Mm________；___Oo___；a________；___Ff___；___Xx____；Kk________；___i___；q________；___\nt___；____Pp____；____Rr____；二.写出下列字母的大写或小写形式。B___d____f____G____Q____；I____Y____n_____h____L____t____K___R____O___v__J＿；　a____C____m____w____Z____三．选词填空。1．______morning！（Good，good）2．Is________yourruler？（this，This）3．Yes，______am．（i，I）4．Iwanttogoto____________．（shanghai，Shanghai）5．Howoldareyou，____________？（Kate，kate）6．Thisis___________．（missWang，MissWang）7．Iamin___________．（classone，ClassOne）8．____________doyoudo？（How，how）9．Iam___________．（HuSuJie，HuSujie）10．Shecomesfrom___________．（japan，Japan）11．Icanspeak___________．（Chinese，chinese）12．Sheisin_________________．（Gradefour，GradeFour）13．Whatisthisin____________？（English，english）14．Jim，______isLucy．（This，this）四．选择正确答案。（）1．下面哪个字母是元音字母？A．BbB．YyC．OoD．Hh（）2．Basketball中共有______个辅音字母？A．6B．7C．8D．9\n（）3．字母g占四线三格的______A.第二格B．第一、二格C．第二、三格D．第一、二、三格（）4．eye中共有______个元音字母？A．1B．2C．3D．0（）5．字母f占四线三格的______A．第三格B．第一、二格C．第二、三格D．第一、二、三格（）6．字母H书写时由______笔完成？A．1B．2C．3D．4（）7．下列字母中上端顶第一线的字母是______A．eB．gC．dD．m（）8．下列字母中书写时由两笔完成的是______A．JB．DC．WD．G（）9．umbrella中共有______个元音字母？A．1B．2C．3D．4（）10．字母q在四线格里的位置与下列哪个字母相同？A．rB．dC．fD．p五．根据中文选择正确的词。1．联合国（　　）　　A．UKB．UNC．USA2．一月（　　）A．JanB．Jan．C．Jane3．医生（　　）A．doctorB．Docter\nC．Doctor4．星期日（　　）A．SaturdayB．Sun．C．Sat．5．五年级（　　）A．gradefiveB．GradefiveC．GradeFive6．3班（）A．classthreeB．ClassThreeC．Classthree7．法国（）A．frenchB．FrenchC．France8．北京（）A．BeiJingB．BeijingC．beijing9．厕所（）A．WcB．wcC．WC10．九月（）A．septemberB．Sept.C．Sep．六．判断正误，正确的写“T”，错误的写“F”，并加以改正。（）1．字母a由两笔写成。_____________________（）2．student里只有u，e两个元音字母。_____________________（）3．mother里只有3个辅音字母。____________________（）4．M书写时由三笔完成。____________________（）5．字母e占四线三格的第二格。____________________（）6．Z书写时由一笔完成。____________________（）7．G书写时由两笔完成。____________________（）8．J的书写是由两笔完成的。____________________（）9．young里有1个半元音字母，2个元音字母，2个辅音字母___________________（）10．excellent里有3个元音字母。______________________七．请将一周七天的缩写词按周日到周六的顺序填写在表格里。\nAWEEK八．请将十二月份的缩写词按顺序写在下面横线上。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________专题二语音一．英语中共有48个音素,元音有20个,辅音有28个。记录英语音素的符号叫音标。音标必须写在//内。长元音/ɑ://ɔ:// ɜ://i://u:/短元音/ ʌ//ɒ//ə//i//ʊ//e//æ//ei//ai//ɔi/双元音/ɪə//eə//ʊə//əʊ//aʊ/清辅音/p// t// k//f//θ//s/浊辅音/b//d//g//v//ð//z/清辅音/ʃ// h//ts//tʃ//tr/浊辅音/ʒ// r//dz//dʒ//dr/鼻音/m//n//ŋ/\n半元音/ j//w/边音/ ǀ/★有的音素发音时,声带振动叫做浊音。★有的音素发音时,声带不振动,叫做清音。★含有一个响亮音素的声音片段,叫做一个音节。英语里的元音音素都是响亮音素,所以一般来说，凡是含有一个元音音素的声音片段构成一个音节。★开音节：以元音结尾的音节。例：me/mi:/★闭音节：以辅音结尾的音节。例：at/ æt/二.读音规则★五个元音字母在开音节和闭音节中的发音情况开音节例词闭音节例词Aa/eɪ/name,face,take/æ/am,man,and,atEe/i:/be,me,bee/e/pen,ten,let,tellIi/ai/nice,like,life/i/his,it,inOo/əʊ/home,cola/ɒ/not,long,lot,stopUu/ju:/use/ ʌ/sun,up,us,but★元音字母a的组合发音ai读作/eɪ/例：train，again，painair读作/eə/例：chair，air，hairal读作/ɔ:/例：all，also，wallay读作/eɪ/例：day,play★元音字母o的组合发音oa读作/əʊ/例：coat,boatoo读作/u:/例：food,room,school在k之前或t,d之前读作/ʊ/例：book,look,good,footor读作/ɔ:/例：report,short,sport读作/ ɜ:/(w后)\n例：word,work,worldou读作/əʊ/例：sound,out,around读作/u:/例：you,soup,groupoi和oy读作/ɔi/例：boy,pointow读作/aʊ/例：how,now读作/əʊ/例：know,snow,showore读作/ɔ:/例：more,storeour读作/ɔ:/例：your,four★元音字母e的组合发音ea读作/i:/例：eat,please,creamee读作/i:/例：green,need,seeer读作/ ɜ:/例：her,hers,girlear读作/ɪə/例：hear,ear,cleareer读作/ɪə/例：engineer★元音字母i的组合发音ir读作/ ɜ:/例：birth,firstigh读作/ai/例：high,nightie读作/ai/例：lie★半元音字母y的组合发音ye在词尾读作/ai/例：bye★元音字母u的组合发音u在u之前,在b,p,f之后读作/ʊ/例:pull,fullu在sh之前,在b,p,f之后读作/ʊ/例:pushr,l,j等加u的开音节读作/u:/例:ruler,true\n★辅音字母组合的发音ch读作/tʃ/例:much读作/ k/例:schoolck读作/ k/例:clockdr读作/dr/ 例:drawds读作/dz/例:beds,cardsgh读作/f/例:laughkn读作/n/ 例:knowng读作/ŋ/ 例:Englishph读作/f/例:phonesh读作/ʃ/例:sheep,shiptr读作/tr/例:try,tripts读作/ts/例:hats,batswh读作/ h/例:who,whose强化练习一．选出每组词中画线部分读音不同于其他选项的那一项。()1.A．bagB．thankC．glassD．map()2.A．goodB．foodC．lookD．book()3.A．lateB．atC．batD．cat()4.A．EnglishB．thankC．thinkD．night()5.A．deskB．pencilC．eatD．pen()6.A．cupB．mumC．summerD．use()7.A．IB．lifeC．liveD．hi()8.A．goB．oldC．fromD．no\n()9.A．doB．twoC．whoD．clock()10.A．howB．knowC．snowD．show一．根据画线部分的读音,选择正确的音标。()1.greatA．/e/B．/eɪ/C．/i:/()2.goodA．/u:/B．/ju:/C．/ʊ/()3.howA．/aʊ/B．/əʊ/C．/eə/()4.mumA．/ju:/B．/u:/C．/ ʌ/()5.clockA．/əʊ/B．/ɒ/C．/u:/()6.runA．/ju:/B．/u:/C．/ ʌ/()7.wantA．/eɪ/B．/e/C．/ɒ/()8.boatA．/əʊ/B．/aʊ/C．/ɒ/()9.moreA．/ɔ:/B．/aʊ/C．/u:/()10.boyA．/ɔi/B．/əʊ/C．/eɪ/()11.farmerA．/ɒ/B．/ɑ:/C．/ɔ:/()12.cityA．/ k/B．/s/C．/z/ 二．判断每组词中画线部分的发音是否相同,相同的画“√”,不同的画“×”。（）1．cupmumsummer（）2.allalsocall（）3．musicstudentrun（）4．busputbut（）5．lostclockrock（）6．ageatbat（）7．wantclassglass（）8．hemelet（）9．dayplayMay（）10．likericeprice四．看每组单词，用“√”表示出画线字母与所给字母发音一致的单词。1．Aaand（）lake（）2．Eeeat（）leg（）3．Iilike（）　live（）　4．Oo　from（　）　go（　）\n　5．Uubus（）music（）6．Eebe（）make（）7．Oocome（）hope（）8．Iidry（）happy（）五．拼读音标，在括号内写出相应单词的序号。（）1．∕deit∕A．river（）2．∕nju:z∕B．cloud（）3．∕klaʊd∕C．soup（）4．∕tʃeə∕D．news（）5．∕sep‵tembə∕E．sky（）6．∕desk∕F．September（）7．∕skai∕G．date（）8．∕su：p∕H．picture（）9．∕‵piktʃə∕I．desk（）10．∕‵nevə∕J．chair（）11．∕‵rivə∕K．never六．读单词，在括号中写出每组画线部分发音不同的单词序号。（）1．A．capB．circleC．city（）2．A．listenB．writeC．white（）3．A．sheB．lateC．we（）4．A．farmerB．sisterC．her（）5．A．gradeB．lakeC．ladder（）6．A．threeB．sweaterC．meet（）7．A．yearB．earC．there（）8．A．howB．nowC．show（）9．A．artB．starC．any（）10．A．goodB．lookC．who专题三名词\n概念：表示人或事物名称的词，叫做名词。名词的分类名词分两大类：★普通名词：是某一类人、某一类事物、某种物质或抽象概念的名称。如：student学生water水machine机器happiness快乐★专有名词：是个人、团体、地方、机构或事物的名称，开头字母要大写。如：Mike迈克China中国theGreatWall长城名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词有单数和复数之分，不可数名词一般不分单数和复数。如：可数名词：boy（单数）boys（复数）不可数名词：juice，rice，meat注意：表示一个人或事物用单数，表示一个以上的人或事物用复数。名词复数的构成法构成法读音例词在词尾加–s1．在清辅音后发∕s∕2．在浊辅音和元音后发∕z∕1．desk–desks∕s∕2．boy–boys∕z∕在词末加–es1．以“x，s，ch，sh”等结尾的名词后加–es2．以e结尾，直接加–s–（e）s读作∕iz∕1．glass–glasses∕iz∕class–classes∕iz∕2．orange–oranges∕iz∕horse–horses∕iz∕如以f，fe结尾，则去f，fe加–ves–ves读作∕vz∕knife–knives∕vz∕wife–wives∕vz∕以辅音字母加y结尾，则去y加–ies–ies读作∕iz∕baby–babies∕iz∕party–parties∕iz∕以辅音字母加o结尾，则加–es–es读作∕z∕potato–potatoes∕z∕tomato–tomatoes∕z∕但radio，photo，piano，则直接加–s\n不规则名词变化法则man–men；woman–women；tooth–teeth；foot–feet；mouse–mice；sheep–sheep；fish–fish；child–children；Chinese–Chinese；名词的所有格情况构成方法读音例词单数名词加’s清辅音后读∕s∕浊辅音和元音后读∕z∕Mike’s∕s∕Mary’s∕z∕以s结尾的复数名词加’读音不变theteachers’room注意：★表示几个人共同拥有的，只需要在最后一个名词后加’s。★表示各自拥有时，需要在每个名词后都加’s。强化练习七．写出下列各单词的复数形式。1.glass__________2.family__________3.wolf__________4.country_________5.radio__________6.photo__________7.fox__________8.fridge__________9.bus__________10.box__________11.watch__________12.brush_________13.policeman__________14.farm__________15.fish__________16.sandwich__________17.apple__________18.foot__________19.ruler__________20.tooth__________二．画横线，选出下列正确的单词或词组。1．Doyoudrinkmuch（milk，milks）？2．Ivisited（Jim，Jim’s）houseyesterday．\n3．Thisis（TomandMary’s，Tom’sandMary’s）house．4．Hehadtwo（cup，cups）oftea．5．Those（books，book）areonthedesk．6．Lookatthis（boy，boys）．7．That（dogs，dog）ismine．8．Wouldyoulikesome（bananas，banana）？9．Thespermwhalehas50（tooth，teeth）．10．These（shoes，shoe）areverynice．三．选择填空。（）1．Thisis______room．A．JackandLucyB．JackandLucy’sC．Jack’sandLucy’sD．Jack’sandLucy（）2．Sheisagood_____．A．studentB．studentsC．boyD．boys（）3．Iwanttwo_____．A．pencil–boxB．pencil–boxesC．pencils–boxD．pencils–boxes（）4．Howmany_____doyouhave？A．friendB．friendsC．friendesD．friend’s（）5．These_____areJudy’s．A．fishB．fishesC．fishsD．fish’s（）6．Lookatthose____．A．childB．childsC．childrenD．childrens（）7．Hehastwobig____．A．eyeB．eyesC．eyees\nD．eye’s（）8．HeisJeff’s____．A．brothersB．brotherC．brotheresD．brother’s（）9．—____isthispen？—It’sWangFang’s．A．Who’sB．WhoseC．WhereD．Which（）10．____birthdayisSeptember5th．A.HermotherB.hermother’sC.Hermothers’D.Hermother’s四．将下列表示单数的句子改成复数的句子。1.Thisisaboy．______________________________________________2.Doyouhaveanewrubber？______________________________________________一．Thereisoneappleinmyhand．__________________________________________二．Thatisherwatch．______________________________________________三．Shehasacameraandumbrella．______________________________________________四．Thereisaplaneinthesky．__________________________________________五．圈出句子中的错误并改正。1．Idon’tlikeorangejuices．Itissour．（）2．Thereisanoldbooksinmybag．（）3．Bananasismyfavoritefruit．（）4．Theygotoschoolonfeet．（）5．Therearemanyphotoesofmyfamily．（）六．连词成句。1.teacherisstrongMyandtall(.)\n_____________________________________________2.teacherThisscienceisnewour(.)_____________________________________________3.therebedroomsHowaremany(?)_____________________________________________4.lakeThejumpedthedoginto(.)_____________________________________________5.isWhatyourhobby(?)_____________________________________________9．阅读理解。Tomisseven．Hegoestoschooleveryday．Theschoolisnearhishome，sohegoesthereonfootandcomesbackhomeontime（按时）．Buttodayheislate．Hismotheraskshim“Whyareyoulatetoday？”“Iamintheheadmaster’soffice（校长办公室）．”“Whydoyougototheheadmaster’soffice？”“Becausemyteacherasksusaquestionintheclass．Nobody（没人）cananswerit，butIcan．”“Itisgoodtoanswertheteacher’squestion．”“Butthequestioniswhoputsinkonmychair．”根据短文内容，回答问题。五．IsTom’shomefarfromhisschool？_______________________________________________2.Howdoeshegotoschool？_______________________________________________3.DoesTomoftencomebackhomelate？_______________________________________________4.OnlyTomcananswerthequestion，can’the？_______________________________________________\n5.IsitgoodforTomtodoit？_______________________________________________专题四形容词一．形容词的用法★形容词用来修饰名词,表示名词的属性,一般放在它所修饰的名词前。例:abiggarden;anoldpicture★形容词也用来表示人或事物的性质、特征和状态。例:Therulerislong.Theboyistall.★形容词的比较级和最高级（比较级用于两者间的比较，最高级用于三者及三者以上的比较）。例:Heistallerthanme.Heisthetallestoneinourclass.二．规则形容词比较级和最高级的构成★一般情况下在词尾加er或est:taller,smallest★以e结尾的单词在词尾加r或st:larger,nicest★末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，双写末尾字母加er或est:bigger，thinnest★以辅音字母加y结尾的，要把y变为i后加er或est:heavier，heaviest★双音节词和多音节词,在词前加more或most:moreinteresting，mostinteresting三．常见不规则形容词的比较级和最高级well/good—better—best;much/many—more—mostbad/badly—worse—worst;far—farther—farthest强化练习\n1．找出各组单词中与其他三个不属于同一类的一项。()1.A．biggerB．youngerC．longerD．driver()2.A．weightB．hairC．footD．arm()3.A．IB．youC．thanD．they()4.A．longB．tailC．bigD．heavy()5.A．meterB．whaleC．birdD．shark2．请写出下列单词的比较级和最高级形式。1.tall()6.old()2.short()7.young()3.big()8.good()4.small()9.thin()5.heavy()10.strong()3．单项选择。（）1．Whois____thanyou？A．heavyB．heavyerC．heavier\n（）2．Myarmsarelongerthan___．A．youB．yourC．yours（）3．Mylittlesisterisfouryears____thanme．A．smallB．youngC．younger（）4．Myfishissmallerthan___．A．TomB．Tom’sC．Toms’（）5．Mikeis45kg．Heis____thanJohn．A．thinB．thinerC．thinner（）6．Amyistaller____Sue．A．thanB．thenC．that（）7．Iambiggerand____thanyou．A．strongB．strongerC．strongger（）8．Yourdogissmallerthan___．A．mineB．myC．I（）9．Howbigareyour____？A．footB．feetC．foots（）10．Heisagood___．A．swimB．swimerC．swimmer1．下列各句中均有一处错误,请找出并改正在后面的横线上。（）1．I’mtallerthanthisgiraffes！________________________ABCD（）2．It’stailislonger．________________________ABCD（）3．You’retallerthanyoubrother．________________________ABCD（）4．Whichmonkeydoesyoulike？________________________ABCD（）5．Myarmarelongerthanyours．________________________ABCD\n（）6．Iambigerandtallerthanyou．________________________ABCD（）7．Aspermwhalehas50tooth．________________________ABCD（）8．MyfishissmallerthanSarahs．________________________ABCD五．阅读对话，选择填空。Mary：Doyouhaveasister，Lucy？Lucy：Yes，Ido．HernameisLily．Mary：Isshetallerthanyou？Lucy：Yes，sheis．Sheisthetallestoneinherclass．Mary：Issheheavierthanyou？Lucy：Yes，sheisbiggerandstrongerthanme．Mary：Doesshehavelongerhairthanyou？Lucy：No，herhairisalittleshorterthanmine.Mary：Doesshelikesinging？Lucy：Yes，shedoes．Hervoiceisbeautiful．Sheisthebestsingerinherclass．（）1．Lucyis_______thanLily．A．tallB．tallerC．shortD．shorter（）2．Lilyisthe________oneinherclass．A．tallestB．heaviestC．shortestD．youngest（）3．Lucy’shairisalittlelongerthan_______．A．MaryB．Mary’sC．LilyD．Lily’s（）4．Lily_______singing．A．likeB．likesC．don’tlikeD．doesn’t（）5．LilyisLucy’s______．\nA．friendB．classmateC．sisterD．brother（）6．Lucy’ssisteristhebest______inherclass．A．swimmerB．singerC．dancerD．player六．阅读理解。Dad：Whichmonkeydoyoulike？Ben：Iliketheyellowone．Itistallerthanthebrownone．Dad：Whichmonkeyisstronger？Ben：Theyellowmonkeyistaller．Thebrownmonkeyisstronger．Dad：Ilikethelittlemonkey．Itisyounger．Itstailis38cmlong．Ben：Ithinkthelittlemonkeyisonly40cmtall．Dad：Ithinktheyellowmonkeyis150cmtall．Ben：Itisshorterthanme．Dad：Themonkeyisshorterbutyouarefunnier．根据对话内容，判断正（T）误（F）。（）1．Theyellowmonkeyistallerandstrongerthanthebrownmonkey．（）2．Thelittlemonkeyisyounger．Itstailis40cmlong．（）3．TheyellowmonkeyistallerthanBen．（）4．Benisfunnierthanthemonkey．（）5．Thelittlemonkeyis150cmtall．专题五动词be动词\n1〉表示存在状态的为be动词。在英语中有三种基本形式:am,is,are．根据不同的主语要选用不同的be动词。如:Iamtenyearsold．Areyouhungry?口诀:“我”用am,“你”用are,is用于“他、她、它”,凡是复数要用are。注意:如果句子主语是不可数名词,那么be动词要选用is。如:Thebreadisforyou．2〉在Therebe句型中,be动词的使用要和Therebe后的第一个单词相搭配。如:Thereisapen,tworubbersandthreeballpensinmypencilcase．Therearetworubbers,apenandthreeballpensinmypencilcase．助动词：(如：do，does，did)是动词的一类，表示可能，应该，必须，愿望等意思。通常用在动词或形容词前边。如：Doesyourmotherworkinthebank？实义动词：即行为动词,表示动作的动词。如：work，go，hit情态动词表示能力、义务、必要、猜测等说话人的语气或情态。情态动词只能加动词原形构成谓语动词。小学阶段所学的情态动词有:can,may,must,should,need等。它们的否定式就是在其后面加not。cannot﹦can’t;maynot;mustnot﹦mustn’tshouldnot﹦shouldn’t;need﹦needn’t一．can的用法\n★表示能力Hecancarrytheheavybox．Canyouswim?★表示可能性ItcanbeveryhotinsummerinNanjing．★表示许可,常用来代替mayYoucangohomenow．(Youmaygohomenow．)★表示请求Canyoutellmethewaytothepark?二.may的用法★表示允许或请求MayIcomein?Youmayusemypen．★表示可能性Hemaybefreetoday．Shemaynotcometomorrow.三.must的用法★表示必须,必要Youmustfinishyourhomeworkbeforesupper．★表示语气肯定的猜测Hemustbeadoctor．Shemustbeournewteacher．★mustnot(mustn’t)表示禁止,不允许Youmustn’ttalkinthelibrary．Itisdangerous．Youmustn’ttouchit．四.should的用法表示义务、责任,相当于汉语的“应当”。Youshouldkeepquietinthelibrary．五.need的用法表示需要,用于否定句和疑问句。Youneedn’tcomehere．\nNeedIshowyouhowtodrawacircleontheblackboard?强化练习—用适当的be动词填空。1.I_____adoctor．2．Mike_____illtoday．3.These_____newbooks．4．TomandI_____atschoolnow．5.I_____gladtoseeyou．6．_____theyyourparents?7.Lookatthisdog．It_____lovely．8．YouandI_____goodfriends．9.A:What_____thisinEnglish?B:It_____anegg．10．There_____abananaandtwoapplesinthebag．11．_____thereanywaterinthebottle?12．Thosegirls_____inthesameclass．13．There_____twobooksandapencilcaseinthebag．14．A:What_____yourname?B:Myname_____Judy．15．_____thisyoursister?16．Thebread_____foryou．17．Jack,TomandI_____playingthepiano．18．Lucy_____abeautifulgirl．19．There_____fiveapplesonthetable．20．A:What_____thoseoverthere?B:They_____pears．21．We_____goingtoShanghaitomorrow．22．Myfather_____afarmer．\n23．Smoking_____harmfultothehealth．24．These_____redrubbers．25．_____yougoodatsinging?二．用正确的情态动词填空。1．_____Isithere？2．You_____walklikethis．3．We_____walkonthegrass．4．_____Idancewithyou？5．Shedidnothavebreakfast．She_____behungrynow．6．Ithinkyou_____betenyearsold．7．Mybrother_____runfasterthanyou．8．A：_____Iuseyourcar？B：No，you____．1．_____youpleasegowithme？10．Parents_____bestrictwiththeirchildren．11．We_____listentotheteachercarefullyinclass．12．Tom_____jumphigh．13．Iamverybusy．I_____gonow．14．Itisdangerous．You_____stayawayfromit．15．A：_____Icomeheretomorrow？B：Yes，you____．16．You_____tellmeabouthim．17．_____Iopenthebox？18．You_____talktoyourfatherlikethis．19．Myparents_____cometomorrow．20．Itishalfpasttwelve．You_____havelunchnow．三．选择填空。（）1．There_____adeskandtwotablesintheroom．\nA．amB．isC．areD．has（）2．_____youhelpme？A．CanB．MayC．MustD．Need（）3．_____thereanybreadinthefridge？A．IsB．AreC．AmD．Has（）4．_____Ihavesomesoftdrink，please？A．CanB．MayC．MustD．Need（）5．Why_____Benlateforschooltoday？A．amB．isC．areD．has（）6．_____yousinganEnglishsong？A．CanB．MayC．MustD．Need（）7．Perhapsthere_____anewhospital．A．amB．isC．areD．has（）8．Where_____mycamera？A．amB．isC．areD．has（）9．Youmust_____thisquestion．A．answerB．answersC．answeredD．answering（）10．You_____keepquietinthelibrary．A．canB．mayC．shouldD．need\n四．用动词的正确形式填空。1.Todayisyourbirthday.What_____you_____(want)?2.She_____(have)twocameras.3.Manyofthestudents_____(like)watchingTVattheweekends.4.Canyou_____(sing)anEnglishsong?5.TomandMary_____(be)goodfriends.6.Heusually_____(try)hisbestinEnglish.7.Shallwe_____(get)someflowersforourteacher.8.Ben_____(want)tobeadoctor.9.How_____you_____(spend)yourweekend?10.I____(be)athomenow.五．翻译下列句子。1．我可以和你谈一谈吗？_____________________________________________2．我明天需要去你的办公室吗？_____________________________________________3．张丽生病了，明天她也许不能来上学了。_____________________________________________4．你妹妹去公园吗？_____________________________________________5．我的叔叔在医院里工作。_____________________________________________专题六副词副词的分类★表示时间的副词：often,always，usually，early，now，yesterday，when\n等。例：HeoftenhelpsmewithmyEnglish．　IgotoschoolearlierthanTom．★表示地点的副词：here，there，over，there等。例：Comehere，please．Theyareplayingbaseballoverthere．★表示方式的副词：hard,well,badly,fast，slow,quickly等。例：Hestudiesveryhard．ShedoesbetterinEnglishthanme．★表示疑问的副词：how，when，where，why等。例：Howdoyouspellit？Whereismybook？Whyareyoulateforschool？★表示程度的副词：very，much，quite等。例：Thankyouverymuch．Tomcansingverywell．副词比较级和最高级的构成★一般情况加er或est：slower，fastest★以e结尾加r或st：later，latest★以辅音字母加y结尾，去y加ier或iest：earlier，earliest★多音节副词前加more或most：morequickly，mostquickly比较级和最高级的用法两者动作相比较，用副词的比较级。三者及三者以上动作相比较，用副词的最高级。例：TomjumpshigherthanBob．Herunsthefastestinourclass．强化练习一.选择填空。（）1．Ilikehimvery____．\nA．wellB．muchC．betterD．best（）2．It’stimetogotobed．Imustfinishmyhomework____．A．fastB．fasterC．quicklyD．slowly（）3．We____totheparkyesterday．A．goB．wentC．goesD．going（）4．HowcanI____there？A．getB．getsC．gotD．getting（）5．—____ismyrubber？—It’sinyourbag．A．WhereB．WhichC．WhatD．Whose（）6．Shedoes____inChinesethanme．A．wellB．goodC．betterD．best（）7．Theoldmanswims____thantheyoungman．A．fastB．fasterC．earlierD．later（）8．Ialways____toschoolearly．A．goB．wentC．goesD．going（）9．Somestudentsare____footballoverthere．A．playsB．playingC．playedD．player（）10．____doyoucomehome？A．WhereB．WhoC．WhenD．What二．答语选择，根据A栏的问题，选择B栏的答语，将其标号填入题前括号内。AB（）1．Whenandwhereshallwemeet？a．You’rewelcome．（）2．Whatdoesyourmotherdo？b．It’sinyourbag．（）3．Thankyouverymuch．c．At8：00atthe\nschoolgate．（）4．Whereisthecamera？d．She’sadoctor．（）5．Didyougototheparkyesterday？e．Yes，Idid．三．下列各句中均有一处错误，请将序号填入括号中，并改正。（）1．WhatdoMikedoyesterday？________________ABC（）2．Heismoretallerthanme．________________ABC（）3．Areyoudohomeworknow？________________ABC（）4．IgethomeearlythanJudy．________________ABC（）5．Tomoftencomehomelate．________________ABC四．根据语境，选择你要说的话，将其标号填入题前括号内。（）1．当你邀请别人参加你的生日聚会时，说：A.Whenandwhereshallwemeet？B.Wouldyouliketocometomybirthdayparty？（）2．当你建议某人出去与你散步时，说：A.Whydon’tyoucomeoutforawalkwithme？B.Goforawalkwithme．（）3．当你发现Bob不舒服时，说：A.Whatareyoudoing，Bob？B.What’sthematterwithyou，Bob？（）4．当你想知道橡皮放在哪儿时，问：A.Whereistheeraser？B.Whereisitfrom？\n（）5．当你想知道别人能看见几辆汽车时，问：A.Howmuchisthecar？B.Howmanycarscanyousee？（）6．当你想知道新电视机的颜色时，问：A.WhatisthenewTV？B.WhatcoloristhenewTV？（）7．你想知道动物园在哪儿，你可以这样问：A.HowcanIgettothezoo？B.Howdoyougotothezoo？（）8．你看到你的朋友不高兴，你想问他发生了什么事，可以问：A.What’sthematter？B.Whyareyouunhappy？1.根据首字母提示完成单词。1.Showmeh________tomakeaplane．2.Y________Iwentfishingwithmyfather.3.Johnisagoodboy．Hea________helpshisclassmates．4.W________isMum？Ican’tfindher．5.IthinkIcangetstrongerifIdom________exercise．6.W________isthematterwithTom?7.Marycandanceveryw________.8.Theyareplayingbaseballn________.2.翻译下列句子。1．男孩通常比女孩跑得快。________________________________________________2．让我教你如何在黑板上画圆。________________________________________________3．你来自哪儿？________________________________________________\n4．我们什么时候见面？________________________________________________5．怎样拼写这个单词？________________________________________________6．你通常几点起床？________________________________________________7．他跳舞跳的很好。________________________________________________8．你昨天去图书馆里吗？________________________________________________9．我的笔记本在哪儿？________________________________________________10．我比你跑得快。________________________________________________专题七代词人称代词1.人称代词的形式第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数人称代词主格Iweyouyouhesheitthey宾格meusyouyouhimheritthem\n2.人称代词的用法★在句中作主语，用主格。如：Iamateacher．AreyouOK？★在动词和介词后作宾语，用宾格。如：Pleasegivemeapen．★单数人称代词连用时，其词序为：第二人称，第三人称和第一人称。如：youandI；youandhe；heandI；you，heandI★复数人称代词连用时，其词序一般和汉语一样。如：weandyou；youandthey★we，you，they，he都用来泛指一般的人。如：TheysayMikeisagoodboy．★it用作人称代词，指动物或其他事物，有时也指人，尤指婴儿，小孩。如：Ihaveaball–pen．Itisverynice．Whoisit？Itisme．★it用作指示代词，表示“这”或“那”。如：Howfarisitfromhere？It’sabout1kmaway．物主代词1．物主代词的形式第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数物主形容词性myouryouryourhisheritstheir\n代词名词性mineoursyoursyourshishersitstheirs2.物主代词的用法★形容词性物主代词用在名词前，不能单独使用。如：Thisismybag．★名词性物主代词相当于一个名词，使用时后面不再加名词。如：Thatbikeishis．指示代词★表示“这个”，“那个”，“这些”，“那些”，等指示概念的代词叫做指示代词。有this，that，these，those等。★this（these）一般用来指在时间和空间上较近的事物；that（those）则指较远的事物。如：Thisisatable．Thatisasofa．Thesebooksaretheirs．Thosebooksareours．不定代词★凡不是用来指明代替特定名词的代词叫做不定代词。常见的有：both，all，some，any，every。★both指两者“都”；all指三者及三者以上“都”。如：Bothofyouarewrong．Allstudentsareright．★some表示“一些，某些，某个”，any表示“一些，任何”。some多用于肯定句中，any多用于否定句和疑问句中。如：Therearesometreesinthestreet．Arethereanytreesinthestreet？Therearen’tanytreesinthestreet．★如果说话人希望得到肯定回答时，疑问句中可用some。如：Wouldyoulikesomecoffee？\n★some还可用于表示请求和邀请的疑问句中。如：CanIhavesomeglue？★every表示“每一个”可以和one，body，thing组合成everyone，everybody，everything。当every及其复合词做主语时，后面动词要用第三人称单数形式。如：EveryoneofthisclassdoeswellinChinese．Everybodyisatschoolnow．Everythingisgoodtoday．反身代词：myself，yourself，itself/herself/himself，ourselves，yourselves，themselves另外：one的反身代词为oneself★有些动词需反身代词，如：dry,cut,enjoy,hurt,help等。如：Weenjoyedourselvesverymuchlastnight.我们昨晚玩得很开心。　　Pleasehelpyourselftosomefish.　请你随便吃点鱼。★用于及物动词+宾语+介词，如takepridein,beannoyedwith等。如：Icouldnotdress（myself）upatthattime.那个时候我不能打扮我自己。　　注意：有些动词后不跟反身代词，如：getup,sitdown,standup等。如：Pleasesitdown.　请坐。★用作表语，如：结构beoneself。如：Iamnotmyselftoday.　我今天不舒服。强化练习一.用所给词的适当形式填空 。\n1．Thatisn’t_____kite．Thatkiteisverysmall,but_________isverybig．(I)　　2．Thedressis_________．Giveitto_________．(she)       3．Isthis_________watch?(you)No,it'snot_________．(I)　　4．______ismybrother．______nameisJack．Look!Thosestampsare_____．(he)　　5．______dressesarered．(we)Whatcolorare_______?(you)　　6．Herearemanydolls,whichoneis_________? (she)　　7．Icanfindmytoy,butwhere's_________?(you)　　8． Show_________yourkite,OK?(they)9．Ihaveabeautifulcat．_______nameisMimi．Thesecakesare_________．(it)10．Arethese______tickets?No,______arenot_______．(they)11．Shall_____havealookatthatclassroom？Thatis_________classroom．(we)12．_____ismyaunt．Doyouknow____job?____anurse．(she)　13．Thatisnot______camera．_____isathome．(he)14．Whereare______?Ican'tfind______．Let'scall_____parents．(they)　15．Don'ttouch______．______notacat,_____atiger!（it）　16．  _____sisterisill．(she)　17．  ______don'tknowhername．Wouldyoupleasetell_____．(we)\n　　18．  Somanydogs．Let'scount_________．(they)　　19．  Ihavealovelybrother．_____isonly3．Ilike____verymuch．(he)　20．  MayIsitbeside_________?(you)　　21．  Lookatthatdesk．Thosebooksareon________．(it) 22．Thegirlbehind______isourfriend．(she)二.选择填空。1．Welike______（he，his，him）verymuch．2．Isthisguitar______？（you，your，yours，yourself）3．Imadeit______．（myself，my，mine）4．Thisis______（I，my，mine）book．5．______（He，Him，His）andIoftenplaytabletennistogether．6．Themusicwillbegoodfor______．（I，me，my，mine）7．Mybrotherand______（he，his，him）aregoingtoUSAthissummer．8．Pleasegive______（they，them，their）to______．（she，her）9．Yesterdayapolicemanstopped______．（we，our，us）10．HespeaksEnglishto_____．（they，them，theirs）三.用正确的代词完成短文。Hello！______nameisLiuYan．______amastudentinNo．1PrimarySchool．______teacherisMrsWhite．______isagoodteacher．______alllike______verymuch．Look！______isaphotoof______family．Themaninblueismyfather．______isapoliceman．Thewomanbeside______ismy\nmother．______isanurse．Thegirlbetween______is______．______haveahappyfamily．And______havealittledog．Is______lovely？四.扩展练习（用am,is,are填空）。　　1．Thetwocupsofmilk_____forme．2．Sometea______intheglass．　　3．GaoShan'sshirt_______overthere．4．Mysister'sname______Nancy．　　5．This______notWangFang'spencil．6．______ DavidandHelenfromEngland?7．I______aboy．______youaboy?  No,I_____not．8．There______agirlintheroom．9．There______someapplesonthetree．　　10．_______thereanyapplejuiceinthebottle?　　11．There_______somebreadontheplate．　　12．There_______aboy,twogirls,threemenandtenwomeninthepark．　　13．You,heandI______fromChina．14．Here______somesweatersforyou．　　15．Theblackgloves______forSuYang．　　16．Thispairofgloves______forYangLing．　　17．Thosecups_____ours．18．That______myredskirt．　　19．Who______I?20．Thejeans______onthedesk．专题八冠词\n冠词的分类冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词。不定冠词a，an★a，an均用在单数名词前，表示某类人和事物中的“一个”，相当于汉语的“一”，但不强调数目。★a用在辅音前，an用在元音前。如：aboy，abook，anegg，anapple注意：1〉u读/ju:/，首音/ j/是辅音，故前用a，不用an如：ausefulbook，auniversity2〉在umbrella中，u发/ ʌ/，/ ʌ/是元音，故为anumbrella3〉字母h若不发音，首音又是元音，前面用an而不用a，如：anhour1．不定冠词的用法用法例词或例句指人或事物的某一种类。Chinaisaveryinterestingcountry．Itisanegg．指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。Weworksixdaysaweek．Isthereabanknearhere？表示“一”这个数量，但数的概念没one强烈。Ihaveamouth，anoseandtwoeyes．用于某些固定的词组中。alittle，afew，alotof2．定冠词the的用法用法例词或例句特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。Thebookonthedeskismine．（特指桌上的那本书）指双方都知道的人或事物。Shallwemeetatthebusstation\n？（双方都知道的那个汽车站）指上文提过的人或物。一．Whatisthis？二．Itisabag．Thebagismine．（这个包即上文提到的那个包）用在世界上独一无二的事物前。Thesunisbiggerthanthemoon．用在序数词和形容词最高级前。Myhouseisonthefirstfloorofthebuilding．ShanghaiisthebiggestcityofChina．在乐器名称前。Canyouplaythepiano？用在一些习惯用语中。ontheleft，ontheright，inthemorning1．不用冠词的情况用法例词或例句名词前有this，that，my，your，some，any，each，every等代词时。Thisismyhat．Iloveeverybook．在星期，月份，季节，节日前。TodayisSunday．Springiscoming．ThereisthirtydaysinJune．在称呼语，头衔和职务等名词前。MrBlackisadoctor．在一日三餐前。Whatdidyouhaveforsupper？Afterlunch，wearegoingtothezoo．在球类运动的名称前。Canyouplaybaseball？Doyouplaytennis？用在某些固定词组中。Athome，ontime，atnight，afterclass强化练习用适当的冠词填空，不填的地方画“/”。\nThisis___bus．___busis____Englishbus．It’stimetogoto___bed．That’s____football．Iliketoplay____football．Youlook____same．Areyoutwins？Mysister’snameis____Sue．Icansee____ball．____ballisunderthetable．Lookatthatboy．____boyis____friendofmine．Maryis____Englishgirl．Sheisnot____Chinesegirl．—Whereis____teacher？—Idon’tknow．10．Thatismy____watch．选择填空。（）1．—Howsoonwillhebeback？—In___．A．ahourB．halfahourC．ahourandhalfD．halfanhour（）2．Hey！Let’splay____basketball．A．anB．/C．theD．a（）3．WestudyEnglishat____school．A．anB．/C．theD．a（）4．Giveme____greencoat，please．A．anB．/C．theD．a（）5．Thisis____photo．Lookat____photo．A．a；theB．a；/C．an；theD．/；the（）6．____horseis____usefulanimal．A．A；aB．A；theC．The；aD．The；an（）7．In____spring，itissunnyandwarm．\nA．aB．anC．theD．/（）8．Weliveon____sixthstreet．A．aB．anC．theD．/（）9．____thirdmonthof____yearisMarch．A．A；TheB．The；aC．The；theD．A；a（）10．Theyspeak____Chinese．Theylivein____Shanghai．A．a；aB．the；theC．/；theD．/；/三．指出并改正下列各句中的错误。1．Shewearsanyellowhat．（）________________ABCD2．Thisisanuniversity．（）________________ABCD3．Doyouhavethelunch？（）________________ABCD4．TherearethirtydaysintheApril．（）________________ABCD5．Heisatallestboyinourclass．（）________________ABCD6．Shallwemeetataschoolgate？（）________________ABCD7．Canyouplaythefootball？（）________________ABCD8．Theearthisbiggerthanamoon．（）________________ABCD9．Zhengzhouisainterestingcity．（）________________ABCD\n10．Weworkfivedaystheweek．（）________________ABCD四．用冠词填空。Thisis_____picture．Thereis_______housein_______picture．_______houseisbeside_______ricefield．Thereis_______oldmaninfrontof_______house．Isthere_______truckon_______road？No，thereisn’t．Butthereis_______car．Whereis_______car？It’sunder_______tree．五．用定冠词填空，不填的地方画“/”。1．Ilike_______reddress．2．Lookat_______blackbird．3．Let’sgo_______home．4．Iplaybaseballon_______Sundays．5．Thatismy_______coat．6．Canyouplay_______guitar？7．Doesheplay_______chess？8．DoesMaryplay_______violin？9．_______carisMrBlack’s．10．_______musicwillbegoodforme．六．翻译下列短语。1．一个美国老人_____________________2．一个美丽的铅笔盒_____________________3．一本有趣的书_____________________4．一封电子邮件____________________5．一个回答________________________6．一位年轻的医生_____________________7．一个小时________________________8.一把红色的雨伞_____________________9.一块橡皮________________________\n10.一本有用的书_____________________专题九介词时间介词主要有：at，on和inatonin钟点atsixthirty用餐atlunchtime节日atChristmas年龄attheageof8时间atthistime一天中的某段时间atnight，atnoon某一天的某段时间onSundaymorningafternoon/evening周几onSaturday日期onMay4th节日onweekendsonNewYear’sDay一天中某段时间intheafternoonintheday月份inMay季节inspring年份in1987世纪inthe19thcentury时期intheholidays地点介词主要地点介词及用法at表示一个点（或小地方）。如：athome，atthepool，atschool，atNewParkon表示一个表面。如：onthebeach，onthefloor，onthewallin表示一个范围（或大地方）。如：inClassFive，inthewater，inthepark，inthecorner其他常用地点介词：\nabove在……上方（与物体没有接触）。Thereisamapabovetheblackboardunder在……的下面Thepenisunderthebed．before在……前面Tomisstandingbeforethemirror．behind在……的后面Thehotelisbehindtheshop．near靠近，在……附近Thereisasupermarketnearmyhouse．beside在……旁边ThereisabigdogbesideLucy．down沿着YoupassabankonyourrightandthengodownHangStreet．其他介词about关于，对于IwanttolearnaboutEnglishhistory．Couldyoutellmeaboutyourlife？from从……，自从Whereareyoufrom？Whatdidyoubuyfromthestore？with与……一起；附有Nexttothehotelisasmallhousewithaninterestinggarden．Hewentfishingwithhisfather．of……的；属于……的Hereisaphotoofmyfamily．Whatkindofmoviesdoyoulike？to向，到，对Letmetellyouthewaytomyhouse．\nMyPEclassisfrom9：00to10：00．as担任；象；当……时Wehaveajobforyouasawaiter．Asaboy，Heoftenwentswimminginsummer．like像Whatdoeshelooklike？at在，对着；以CallMaryat466-67889．Wehavebagsatagoodprice．for对于；为了；给……Forlunch，helikesnoodles．以……为代价Youcanbuysocksforonly3yuaneach．（表示时间持续）……之久Weplaybaseballfortwohours．固定搭配常用介词和名词的连用atatfirst起初，开始时athome在家atlast最后atwork上班，在工作atschool在上课，在上学atthesametime同时ononduty值日onholiday度假ontime按时ontheleft/right在左/右边onfoot步行onTV在电视上播放onthephone在电话中ontheway在路上ininclass在课堂上inEnglish用英语intheend最后inbed躺在床上intime及时inaminute立刻；马上动词和介词的连用\ngetoff下车；lookafter照顾；lookfor寻找；thinkof想到；getup起床；listento听；lookat看，注视；talkabout交谈；谈形容词和介词的连用begoodat善于；belatefor干某事迟到begoodfor对……有利；beinterestedin对……感兴趣其他by﹢交通工具bybus/train/plane/air/ship/bike；lotsof/alotof许多，大量；atmost至多；atleast至少；强化练习一．选择填空。　　　1．Igotoschool______7:30everymorning．（in,on,at）2．Shereturnedtohercountry_____fiveyears．（in,after,for）　　3．Thereisabigtree_______ourclassroom．（after,behind）　　4．Iusuallygotowork_______bike．（by,on,with）　　5．Whereareyou_______？（for，from，of）6．Happybirthday_______you．（at，to，for）7．Canyoureadit_______English？（in，at，on）8．Therearemanybirds_______thetree．（in，at，on）9．Thisgirlgotoschool_______foot．（on，in，at）10．Sheislooking_______herdognow．（from，of，for）二．判断下列介词用得是否正确，正确的打“√”，错误的打“×”，并将正确的句子写在下面横线上。（）1.It’stimetolunch．__________________________________________\n（）2.Whoisatdutytoday？_________________________________________（）3.Onthestreettherearemanycars．________________________________（）4.Icanseelotswithtrees．__________________________________________（）5.WhatcanIdotoyou？__________________________________________（）6.Whatareyougoodin？_______________________________________（）7.Thereisabirdinthetree．__________________________________________（）8.MayIcomein？__________________________________________（）9.LondonisatEngland．__________________________________________（）10．Ihavesomebirthdaypresentsforyou．______________________________________三．单项选择（）1．Thisisamap______ourcountry．A．forB．inC．toD．of（）2．Thisbookis______myteacher．A．ofB．fromC．inD．at（）3．DannyiscominghometoCanada______March26th．A．inB．atC．onD．of（）4．Weoftengotothepark______Sundays．A．fromB．atC．inD．on（）5．Wedon’thaveanyfood______lunch．\nA．toB．forC．withD．of（）6．Doyougotowork______yourbikeeveryday？A．fromB．atC．inD．on（）7．Theshopcloses______seven______theevening．A．in，atB．at，inC．in，onD．on，at（）8．Doyouoftengetup______six______Sunday？A．in，atB．at，inC．in，onD．at，on（）9．______Mondaymorningweusuallyhavemath．A．IntheB．OnC．AtD．In（）10．It’scold．Put______thecoat，please.A．onB．offC．awayD．at（）11．Shehaslunch______home．A．fromB．atC．inD．on（）12．Sheusuallydoesherhomework______theevening．A．fromB．atC．inD．on（）13．Dochickenslive______thefarm？A．fromB．atC．inD．on（）14．Let______go______you．A．we，toB．we，withC．us，withD．us，to（）15．Theman______astickismygrandpa．A．andB．ofC．withD．for（）16．Ioftenplayfootball______myfriends．A．fromB．toC．inD．with（）17．Whoisthelady______blue？\nA．inB．onC．atD．with（）18．Weusuallystay______homeonSaturdayafterschool．A．fromB．atC．inD．on（）19．Iknowalot______Canada．A．onB．inC．atD．about（）20．Theylive______China．A．fromB．atC．inD．on四．填入适当的介词。1．LiLeiisastudent______Class2，Grade1．2．Hishomeis______theschool，sohecangethomesoon．3．Igotoschool______bus．4．Abluebirdlives______thetree．5．WhatGradeareyou______？6．Ilikebreadandmilk______breakfast7．Ihavefourclasses______theafternoon．8．Heworkedinanoffice______asmalltown．专题十数词概述表示“多少”或“第几”的词叫做数词。数词的用法相当于形容词，或相当于名词，数词分为基数词和序数词。基数词：表示“多少”的词。如：one，two，three\n序数词：表示“第几”的词。如：first，second，third二．100以内序数词的写法★英语序数词1～19除第一（first）,第二（second）,第三（third）以外，其余均在基数词后加th构成。★有几个序数词加th时拼法不规则：five是将ve改成f后加th;eight以t结尾加h;nine以不发音的e结尾，去e加th。★十位整数的序数词的构成方法：先将十位整数基数词词尾y变i，再加eth.★基数词“几十几”变成序数词时，仅将个位数变成序数词，十位数不变。如：twenty–one→twenty–first★序数词的缩写形式，由阿拉伯数加上序数词的最后两个字母构成。如：1st,2nd,3rd,4th,5th……99th★序数词在使用时前面一定要加the。三．年，季节，月，日的表示法★年代的表示法（年代前用in）如：in1987，in1985，in1999，in2009★季节的表示法（季节前加in）如：inspring,insummer,inautumn,inwinter★月份的表示法月份开头首字母要大写，表示在某月用in。如：inMay，inJune，inAugust★日期的表示法日期用序数词表示（前边必须加the），表示“在某日”用“on”。\n如：onthefirst1）某月某日表示法1月9日theninthofJanuary/January9th9月12日thetwelfthofSeptember/September12th10月1日thefirstofOctober/October1st11月21日thetwenty–firstofNovember/November21st2）某年某月某日的表示法英语时刻前通常加at。如：Igotoschoolatsixeverymorning．1】读时刻，可以直接按表上的数字读。整点时间后一般加o’clock，几点零几分，这个零用“o/əʊ/”表示。如：7：15读作sevenfifteen2：04读作twoofour8：30读作eightthirty9：00读作nineo’clock2】表示“几点过几分”，还可用介词past，但分钟数必须在半小时以内（包括半小时在内）如：twelvepasteight8点过了12分8：12thirtypasttwo/halfpasttwo2点过了30分2：30aquarterpastnine9点过一刻9：153】表示“几点差几分”，用介词to，但分钟数须在半小时以上（不包括半小时在内）。\n如：twototwo2点差2分1：58aquartertosix6点差15分5：45强化练习一．用英语填入适当的数字。（1）six＋seven＝__________（2）__________＋eight＝twelve（3）five＋__________＝eleven（4）six×three＝__________（5）two＋__________＝ten（6）_________÷three＝nine（7）_________－three＝nine（8）four×five＝__________（9）twenty–two－__________＝ten（10）eighty–one÷__________＝nine二．请用英语数字写出下列算式。（1）9＋2＝11_________________________（2）36－6＝30_________________________（3）92－48＝44_________________________（4）4×8＝32_________________________（5）64÷8＝8_________________________（6）19＋3＝22_________________________（7）3×8＝24_________________________（8）42÷7＝6_________________________（9）8＋13＝21_________________________（10）58＋28＝86_________________________\n三．用英语写出下列日期的表示法（用两种方法）。（1）8月13日_____________________________；______________________________（2）12月26日_____________________________；______________________________（3）11月30日_____________________________；______________________________（4）3月7日_____________________________；______________________________（5）2月22日_____________________________；______________________________（6）10月21日_____________________________；______________________________（7）7月14日_____________________________；______________________________（8）5月5日_____________________________；______________________________（9）9月2日_____________________________；______________________________（10）1月15日_____________________________；______________________________四．写出下列时间的表达方式（用两种方式）。（1）8：10__________________________；_________________________（2）9：50__________________________；_________________________（3）8：08__________________________；\n__________________________（4）11：15__________________________；_________________________（5）12：30__________________________；_________________________（6）1：05__________________________；_________________________（7）2：45__________________________；_________________________（8）3：26__________________________；_________________________（9）4：32__________________________；_________________________（10）12：50__________________________；_________________________五．翻译下列短语。（1）在5月9日________________________（2）第5个学生________________________（3）第一节课________________________（4）三条狗________________________（5）在1987年________________________（6）18元钱________________________（7）在11月3日________________________（8）第2块橡皮\n________________________（9）36本英语书________________________（10）12位老师________________________专题十一句类陈述句用来说明一个事实或表达说话人的看法或观点的句子叫做陈述句。如：Heisagoodboy．Ilikeplayingthepiano．结构：1.主语+系动词+表语（系动词和表语一起构成复合谓语）2.主语+谓语3.主语+谓语+宾语4.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语5.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语陈述句分为肯定陈述句和否定陈述句：★肯定陈述句：谓语动词不含否定词的陈述句。结构：主+谓如：Itiscoldinwinter.HewenttoLondontopasshisholiday.1.否定陈述句：把肯定结构变为否定结构，只要将not放在第一个助动词或情态动词之后；若句中无助动词或情态动词，则按照不同人称和时态，在动词前加do,does或did后再加not。如：Iamnotadoctor．Hedoesn’tjumphigh．疑问句分为一般疑问句和特殊疑问句:★一般疑问句：是指用yes或no来回答的疑问句。结构：助动词﹨连系动词＋主语＋谓语\n如:Dotheylivehere？Yes，theydo．∕No,theydon’t．★特殊疑问句：用来对句中某一部分提问的疑问句。结构：疑问词＋一般疑问句如：Wheredoyoucomefrom?Whoareyoulookingfor?常见疑问词的用法总结:who谁（询问人是谁）；whose（询问某物是谁的）；which哪一个；what什么；whattime用来询问时间几点；when何时；where何地；how如何；why为什么；howmuch多少钱；howmany∕much数量的多少（前者用于可数名词，后者用于不可数名词）；howlong多久；howold多大年纪；howfar多远；howbig多大；whatcolor什么颜色；what/howabout怎么样;祈使句用来表示请求、命令、劝告、建议等的句子叫做祈使句。结构：★等同陈述句，但主语通常省略，以动词原形开头。如：Openthedoor．★表示语气更加客气，通常在句首或句末加please。如：TurnofftheTV,please．★否定形式一般用don’t动词原形。如：Don’ttouchit．感叹句感叹句通常由what,how引导，表示赞美、惊叹、喜悦等感情。　what修饰名词，how修饰形容词，副词或动词。\n结构：　　　　★How+形容词+a+名词+　陈述语序　如：Howcleveraboyheis!　★How+形容词或副词+　陈述语序　如：Howlovelythebabyis!　★What+名词+　陈述语序　如：Whatnoisetheyaremaking!★What+a+形容词+名词+　陈述语序　如：Whatacleverboyheis!　★What+形容词+复数名词+　陈述语序　如：Whatwonderfulideas(wehave)!　★What+形容词+不可数名词+　陈述语序　如：Whatcoldweatheritis!　强化练习用括号中词的正确形式填空。1.Lethim________(look)atthismap.2.Be________(care)!3.I________(notgo)toworkbycareveryday.4.Yesterdaythey_____________(notvisit)theirteacher.5.Whataclevergirl________(her)is!6.Please________(not)runintheroom.7.________(not)speakloudly.8.________(do)youruncleliveinBeijing?9._____________(notclose)thewindow,please.\n10.________she________(walk)toschooleveryday?将下列肯定句改为否定句。1．Youareathomenow．___________________________________________________________2．HeisgoingtovisitthefarmnextFriday．___________________________________________________________3．Therewasanoldswingintheparklastyear．___________________________________________________________4．Thereweresomeknivesinthebasket．___________________________________________________________5．Therabbitsarenexttotheappletreenow．___________________________________________________________6．Theboyinblacklikesmusic．___________________________________________________________7．Weusuallyhavefourlessonsinthemorning．___________________________________________________________8．IwillteachyouEnglish．___________________________________________________________9．MrWhitelivesandworksinNewYork．\n___________________________________________________________10．Herhouseisfarfromtheschool．_________________________________________________________将下列否定陈述句改为肯定陈述句。Shedoesn’tusuallygotoworkonfoot.___________________________________________________________Theydon’thavelessonsfromMondaytoFriday.___________________________________________________________I’mnotgoingtoseemygrandparents.___________________________________________________________SometimesLilydoesn’tdosomeshopping.___________________________________________________________Youwon’tgetfatter.___________________________________________________________Shedidn’tcomehomeontime.___________________________________________________________Ididn’tseeyournameinthenewspaperyesterdayafternoon.___________________________________________________________Shedoesn’twanttobeyourpenpal.\n___________________________________________________________Therearen’tanyfishinthewater.___________________________________________________________Thereisn’tanicepictureontheblackboard.___________________________________________________________将下列陈述句改为一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答。1.Iamonthefarmnow.___________________________________________________________2.YouaregoingtovisittheHistoryMuseum.___________________________________________________________3.Mytwobrotherswentfishingoneday.___________________________________________________________4.Thetwinsareclimbingthetreenow.___________________________________________________________5.Hehasalovelydog.___________________________________________________________6.Thereissomeinkinthebottle.___________________________________________________________7.Abusinessmangoestoseehisdoctor.\n___________________________________________________________8.Itisraining.___________________________________________________________9.Theycandancebeautifully.___________________________________________________________10.HeisleavingNewYorkthismorning.___________________________________________________________对画线部分提问。IlikesummerbecauseIlikeeatingice–cream.___________________________________________________________Tomdoesmuchexerciseeverymorning.___________________________________________________________Ilikespring.___________________________________________________________Iworkedfortwohoursonthefarm.___________________________________________________________Theyreadnewspapersaftersupper.___________________________________________________________Heandhisfriendsplaybaseballeveryday.___________________________________________________________\nIwanttogototheparkbytaxi.___________________________________________________________Iliketogoforawalkinthepark.___________________________________________________________JacklivesinFrance.___________________________________________________________Theshoesareblackandwhite.___________________________________________________________先将下列句子改成祈使句，后将其改为祈使句的否定形式。Theycometothefrontandpointtome.___________________________________________________________Youcansitonthisseat.___________________________________________________________Heislisteningtomusic.___________________________________________________________Youareagoodman.___________________________________________________________Heiscleaningtheclassroom.___________________________________________________________Shecanwashclothesforhergrandma.\n___________________________________________________________Youshouldstayathometoday.___________________________________________________________Tomcananswermyquestions.___________________________________________________________Youshoulddoitagain.___________________________________________________________Youwouldliketoreadthenewwordsforus.___________________________________________________________按要求改写句子。Givethebooktohim.(改写句子，意思不变)Give________________________.Thisisafootball.It’smybrother’s.(两句并为一句)Thisis________________________.你能把这些玩具放进袋里吗?(根据中文完成句子)________you________these_______________thebag?Openthedoor,please.(改为否定句)________________thedoor,please.Maryhassomenewdolls.(改为一般疑问句)________Mary________________new________？专题十二时态一般现在时\n1.定义：指一段时间内经常发生的动作或存在的状态。句中常有：often,usually,always,everyday,sometimes等。如：Iusuallygotoschoolatsix.Hesometimesgoesfishingwithhisfather.2.结构：一般现在时主要用动词原形来表示,当主语是第三人称单数时,动词后面一般要加-s或者-es3.用法：★经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。时间状语：every…,sometimes,at…,onSunday。如：Ileavehomeforschoolat7everymorning.每天早上我七点离开家。★客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。如：Theearthmovesaroundthesun.地球绕太阳转动。ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.上海位于中国东部。★表示格言或警句。如：Pridegoesbeforeafall.骄者必败。★现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。如：Idon'twantsomuch.我不要那么多。4．一般现在时中动词的形式：1〉be动词：第三人称单数用is,第一人称单数用am,其余用are。2〉have的第三人称单数形式为has。3〉其余的动词第三人称单数通常是在词尾加s，具体构成如下：★直接在词尾加s如:swim---swims;spend---spendsjump---jumps;look---looks以s,z,ch,sh,x结尾的,要在词尾加es如:watch---watches;pass---passespush---pushes;wash---washes\n以o结尾，加es如:go---goes;do---does以辅音字母加y结尾，去y加ies如:study---studies;try---tries一般过去时表示过去存在的状态或过去的动作。句中常见的表示过去的词有：justnow,rightnow,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastmonth,lastyear等。2.结构：有be动词：主+be（was\were)无be动词：1.主+动词ed（过去式）2.主+didn't+动词原形（否定句）3.Did+主+动词原形+？（疑问句）3.用法:★一般过去时常和表示过去的状语连用,如aminuteago,yesterday,lastweek,in1900,duringthenight,inthosedays等。用一般过去时的时候,要表示“过多少时间之后”一般用after,不用in.   如:Tomsuddenlyfellillyesterday.Tom昨天突然生病了。★一般过去时也可与today,thisweek,thismonth,thisyear等时间状语连用。但是这些时间状语必须指过去,决不包括“现在”在内   如:Didyouseehimtoday?今天你见过他了吗? (today实际上指的是今天的过去某一时刻)★一般过去时虽不可以与now连用,但却可以和justnow(刚才)连用。   如:Hewentoutjustnow一般过去时动词过去式的构成:一般情况下在词尾加ed\n如：stay---stayedlook---lookedwork---workedhelp---helped以e结尾的动词加d如：like---likedlive---livedhope---hoped以辅音字母加y结尾的动词去y加ied如：study---studiedtry---triedcarry---carried以重读闭音节词结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，要双写末尾字母再加ed如：stop---stoppedbeg---begged常见不规则动词的过去式:am/is---wascome---camemake---madeare---weresee---sawfly---flewdo---didtell---toldmeet---methave---hadswim---swamsay---saidsit---sateat---atefall---fellbuy---boughttake---tookforget---forgotsing---sanglose---lostread---readgrow---grewwrite---wroteget---gotkeep---keptrun---ranput---put现在进行时1.表示现在正在进行的动作，句子一般有look,now等词。\n如：Iamwritingaletternow.Look!Theboyiswalkingontheroad.2.结构：be+V–ing3.用法：★表示现在正在进行的动作，由“am/is/are+现在分词”构成。如：IamwatchingTV.★表示感觉，愿望和状态的某些动词，如have,be,hear,see,like等词一般不用进行时。4.现在分词的构成：★直接在词尾加ing如：talk---talkingask---asking★以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing如：take---takinghide---hiding★以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，要双写末尾字母，再加ing如：run---runningstop---stopping一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或将要存在的状态。句中通常有：tomorrow，nextyear,nexttime,thedayaftertomorrow,thisSunday等时间状语。一般将来时的构成及用法：★will＋动词原形如：Iwillbeateacher.Youwillgetbettersoon.★begoingto＋动词原形,表示打算、准备做的事或即将发生或肯定发生的事情。如：A:Whereareyougoing?B:Iamgoingtothezoo.\n强化练习用动词的正确形式填空。It______rainytoday.______theremanyanimalsinthezoo?A:What______youusually______(do)atweekends?B:Iusually______(read)booksathome.Tom______(jump)fartherthanJim.Jack______(be)goodatPE.______yourbrother______(listen)toEnglisheverymorning.Theyoften______(go)tothefarm.It______(look)likeacat.Themoon______(go)aroundtheearth.Sometimespeople______(have)partiesonNewYear’sDay.Mysister______(want)toseeaBeijingOpera.A:How______she______(spend)herSundays?B:Shealways______(swim)intheswimmingpool.Sheusually______(wash)clothesforherparents.Mary______(speak)Englishverywell.Howfar______(be)yourhomefromyourschool.二．根据要求改写句子。1.Doyouusuallygotoschoolbybike?(肯定回答)___________________________________________________________2.Ihavesomebooks.（改为否定句）___________________________________________________________3.GaoShan’ssisterlikesplayingtabletennis.（改为否定句）\n___________________________________________________________4.ShelivesinasmalltownnearNewYork.（改为一般疑问句）___________________________________________________________5.IwatchTVeveryday.（改为一般疑问句）___________________________________________________________6.Davidhasacat.（改为一般疑问句）___________________________________________________________7.Wehavefourlessons.（否定句）___________________________________________________________8.Nancydoesn’trunfast.（肯定句）___________________________________________________________9.Mydogrunsfast.一般疑问句：___________________________________________________________10.Mikehastwolettersforhim.一般疑问句：\n___________________________________________________________否定句：__________________________________________________________11.IusuallyplayfootballonFridayafternoon.否定句:___________________________________________________________一般疑问句:___________________________________________________________对划线部分提问:___________________________________________________________12.SuYangusuallywashessomeclothesonSaturday.否定句:___________________________________________________________一般疑问句:___________________________________________________________对划线部分提问:___________________________________________________________13.Mingmingusuallywaterstheflowerseveryday.否定句:___________________________________________________________一般疑问句:___________________________________________________________\n对划线部分提问:___________________________________________________________14.Tomdoeshishomeworkathome.否定句:___________________________________________________________一般疑问句:__________________________________________________________对划线部分提问:__________________________________________________________三．用动词的适当形式填空。1.Look,I_______________(dance)beautifully.2.A:What______they______(talk)about?B:They____________(talk)aboutthestamps.3.Mary____________(cook)nicefoodforherfamilynow.4.A:Why______you______(not,turn)offtheTV?B:I____________(watch)thenews.5.It____________(rain)hardnow.6.Listen,thetelephone____________(ring).7.A:What______theboy______(do)ontheroad.B:He____________(ride)abike.8.Thebirds____________(fly)overthesea.9.He____________(sleep)badly.10.Thebananas____________(get)ripe.四．改错题，把正确的句子写在后面横线上。1．HowisJaneyesterday?________________________________\n2．Hegotoschoolbybuslastweek._______________________________________3．Heoftengoeshomeat6:00lastmonth._______________________________________4．Didyousawhimjustnow._______________________________________________5．Tomwasn’twatchTVlastnight._____________________________________________6．Ididn’tmyhomeworkyesterday.____________________________________________7．Hewaitforyouthreehoursago._____________________________________________五．用括号内词的适当形式填空。1.I______(meet)myoldfriendamomentago.2.There______(be)somebeautifulflowersandsomewaterinthevasejustnow.3.A:What______you______(do)lastFriday?B:I______(go)toaconcert.4.A:______you______(take)partinthelastsingingcontest?B:No,I______.5.Yesterdaythegirl______(show)meaniceskirt.I______(like)itverymuch.6.I______(make)acardformycousinlastChristmas.7.A:______they______(do)theirhomeworkyesterdayevening.B:Yes,they______.8.Howmanytrees______(be)thereinthegardenlastmonth.9.I______(pick)applesonthefarmlastMayDay.10.I______(be)tenyearsoldlastyear.六．用动词的适当形式填空。\n1.I________________________(take)partinthesportsmeeting.2.A:What______you__________________(do)tomorrow?B:I________________________(swim)withmyparents.3.A:Where______you__________________(live)nextyear?B:We________________________(live)inBeijing.4.There____________(be)abigsportshallinourschool.5.Jack____________(have)aracewithMingming.6.Jane________________________(buy)abirthdaypresentforhercousin.7.They________________________(see)aplaythisSunday.8.Tryyourbest.Ithinkyou____________(be)thefirstnexttime.9.Theboy____________(come)tomyhousethedayaftertomorrow.10.Nextyearshe____________(be)tenyearsold.七．翻译下列句子。1.她星期天经常帮奶奶做饭。_______________________________________________________________2.小明明天打算去公园。__________________________________________________________________3.他们的朋友喜欢去野营吗?__________________________________________________________________4.我们每天8点钟上课。__________________________________________________________________5.他们正在唱歌和跳舞。\n_________________________________________________________________八. 阅读理解： Mr Going-to-do   Every Saturday John talks to Mr Smith. He always says he is going to do something.“I’m going to clean my house today,”he says, or“I’m going to wash my car tomorrow,”or“These trees in front of my house are too big. I’m going to cut them down next week.”   Mr Smith usually says,“Are you, John?”He knows his friend is not going to clean his house, or wash his car, or cut down any trees. Then he says,“Well, excuse me,John. I’m going to do some work in the house.”And he does.   Mr Smith often says to his only child Dick. “Are you going to do something? Then do it! Don’t be another‘Mr Going-to-do’.”       Don’t be another“Mr Going-to-do.”  (将要做先生)根据短文内容，判断句子正确（T）或错误（F） （    ）1. John is a very hard-working（勤奋的）man. （    ）2. Mr Smith likes talking to John very much. （    ）3. Mr Smith knows his friend very well. （    ）4. John has only one son-Dick. （    ）5. Mr Smith wants his son to be another“Mr Going-to-do”.