小升初英语介词专项 7页

-.介词一．定义。介词是英语中很活泼的词，一般置于名词之前。它常和名词或名词性词语构成介词短语。同一个介词常和不同的词语搭配形成固定搭配，表示不同意义。二．分类介词按构造大致分为以下三类：1.简单介词〔SimplePrepositions〕如：about，at，by，under，of，over..2.符合介词〔poundPrepositions〕如：inside，into，outside，without3.短语介词〔PhrasalPrepositions〕如：infrontof，becauseof，accordingto，三．用法at①表示时刻：Igotoschoolatseveneveryday我每天早上7点去上学。②表示在某一具体地点〔小地点〕：Heisstandingatthebusstop他站在公共汽车站。③表示动作的方向、目标：Letmehavealookatthepicture让我看看这幅图。④用于某些固定搭配：atonce立刻、马上atlast最后atthesametime同时atfirst开场时notatall一点也不about①表示大约时间：It’saboutsixo'clocknow.现在大约6点钟了。②表示地点；在……周围：Everythingaboutmeissobeautiful我周围的一切都那么美好。③关于，对于：Wearetalkingaboutthenews.我们正在谈论新闻。④用于某些固定搭配：talkabout谈论thinkabout考虑what/howabout怎么样after①在……之后：AfterdinnerIwatchTV.晚饭后我看电视。②在……后面：Hecameintotheroomafterme.他在我后面进了房间。behind①在……之后：Thereisabikebehindthetree.树后有一辆自行车②比……晚，迟于：Thetrainisbehindtime.火车晚点了by①在……旁：Heissittingbythebed.他正坐在床边。②到……时候：WehavelearnedthreeEnglishsongsbynow.到现在为止，我们已经学会了三首英文歌曲。③以……方式：Igotoschoolbybus.我乘公共汽车去上学。.word.zl.\n-.④用于某些固定搭配：onebyone一个接一个bytheway顺便说一句for①为，给，替：I'llmakeacardformyteacher.我要给教师做卡片。②由于：Thankyouforhelpingme.你帮我。③表示给〔某人〕用的：Thereisletterforyou.这儿有你一封信。④用于某些固定搭配：begoodfor对.....有好处bebadfor对....有害Thankyoufor......感belatefor迟到lookfor寻找in①在……里面：Thepencilisinthedesk.铅笔在课桌里。②在一段时间里：Wehavefourclassesinthemorning.我们上午有四节课。③用，以：What'sthisinEnglish?这用英语怎么说？④在某一年份，季节，月份：in2002,inspring,inJanuary⑤表示状态，服饰：Helenisinyellow.海伦身穿黄色衣服。⑥在……方面：HeisweakinEnglish.他的英语不行。⑦用于某些固定搭配：infrontof在……前面intheend最后intime及时inbed卧床inthesun下inclass课上inEnglish用英语like①像……样：Helookslikehisfather.他像他的父亲。②这样，那样：Don'tlookatmelikethat.别那样看着我。③怎样：What'stheweatherlike?天气怎样。④用于某些固定搭配：looklike看起来像soundlike听起来像near靠近，在……附近：Mybedisnearthewindow.我的床在窗户旁。of①的〔表示所属关系〕：Thisisaphotoofmyfamily.这是一我家的照片。②……的〔用于所有格〕：Heisafriendofmine.他是我的一个朋友。③表示数量〔与连词连用〕：OneofusisfromBeijing.我们中有一个来自④想到，谈到：Ioftenthinkofthem.我常常想到他们。⑤用于某些固定搭配：ofcourse当然becauseof因为，由于on①在……上面：Therearesomeappleonthetree.树上有些苹果。②在〔星期〕天，在某天的上午〔下午，晚上〕：TheygotoEnglishclassonSunday.星期天他们去上英语课。IleftBeijingonthemorningofMay1.我在5月1日早上离开。③用于某些固定搭配：onduty值日ontime准时.word.zl.\n-.over①在……正上方：Thereisalampoverthetable.桌子上方有一盏灯。②普及，穿过：Thereisabridgeovertheriver.有座桥横跨那条河。③超过，不止：Sheisalittleover2.她两岁多了。to①到，往，向：Hewalkstothewindow.他走向窗户。②表示时间、数量，到……为止Pleasecountfromtentothirty.请从10数到30.③向，对，给：HappyNewYeartoyouall.大家新年好。④用于某些固定搭配：from....to....从.....到.....too....to....太.....不能.....underWhat'sunderyourdesk?你书桌底下是什么？with①和：Couldyougohomewithme?你能和我一起回家吗？②表示伴随状态，带有：Who'sthatgirlwithglasses?那位戴眼睛的女孩是谁？三、介词的固定搭配1)介词和名词的连用2)动词和介词的连用3)形容词和介词连用atarriveat/in到达=getto=reachatfirst起初；开场atdinner在吃晚饭atlast最后atnight在深夜atschool在上学athome在家；无拘束laughat嘲笑atpresent现在atwork上班，在工作lookat看....begoodat擅长.....atonce立刻ongetoff/on上/下车onone’swayhome在我回家路上onduty值日turnon/off翻开/关掉onholiday度假ontime准时ontheleft/right在左/右边ontheradio在播送中onfoot步行onsale出售；降价出售puton穿上onthefarm在农场onTV在电视上播放onthephone在中inbeinterestedin对……感兴趣inclass在课堂上inEnglish用英语inbed卧床.word.zl.\n-.inhospital住院inthemiddle在中间intheday在白天dowellin擅长inthesun在下forwaitfor等待belatefor在lookfor寻找Thankyoufor感begood/badfor对.....有益/有害what’sforlunch?午饭吃什么？withhelpsb.withsth.帮助某人......bebusywith忙于......seewithoureyes用眼睛看writewithapen用钢笔写bestrictwith对.....要求严格talkwith和....谈论4〕其他looklike看起来象......hearfrom收到....来信learnfrom向.....学习turnup/down调大/小音量listento听......getup起床too.....to....太....不能....实战演练一．选择填空，并把其字母编号写在括号。()1.It’stime______supper.A.atB.inC.onD.for()2.It’snotime______school.It’stime______gobackhome.A.to,forB.to,toC.for,to()3.MrBrownes______America.A.atB.fromC.inD.to()4.What’sthis_____English?A.inB.atC.onD.under()5.SometimesIgotoschool_____foot.A.byB.inC.onD.with()6.Count〔数〕_____one_____ten.A.from,byB.from,toC.to,toD.at,to()7.Mysisterislooking____hernewshoesnow.A.atB.afterC.forD.to()8.It’scoldoutside.Please_____yourwarmclothes.A.putinB.takeoffC.putonD.putup()9.Theclassroomisquitedifferent_____thatone.A.ofB.fromC.withD.like()10.A:Domanychildreninourclassoftenskate________winter?.word.zl.\n-.B:Yes,theyusuallyhavefun_______winter.A.in,inB.on,onC.at,at()11.A:Doestheautumnstart_________August?B;Sometimesitdoes.Butusuallyitstarts_______September.A.in,inB.on,onC.at,at()12.Iusuallyplaytabletennis________school.A.afterB.whenC.by()13.Ilikesummer.Isitcool______autumn?What_______summer?Oh,itistoohot.A.in,aboutonB.on,aboutonC.in,aboutin()14.A:Doyoulistentotheradio_______alongtime?B:No,Ioftenlistentoit______________twentyminutes.A.for,toB.for,forC.to,for()15.WhenisMayDay?It’s_______thefirstofMay.A.onB.inC.at()16.Theywillmovetothenewschool______nextMonday.A.onB.inC./()17.Healwaysgoestoschoolat7:00______everyday.A.onB.inC./()18.Shedoesherhomework______halfanhoureveryday.A.inB.forC./二、用所给的介词填空。in,from,for,with,against,with,on,to,at,of1.Gostraightahead,thepostofficeis________yourright.2.Wecouldbuyhamburgers_______lunch.3.Ihelpmymother______thehousework.4.Youcaneandhavedinner______us.5.Ipaintedapicture_______horses.6.Billisaheavyboy_______shorthair.7.Adultsusuallygiveluckymoneytochildren_______SpringFestival.8.It’sapostcard〔明信片〕__________theUSA.9.Ilive_________theeighthfloor.11.Areyoulistening________me?12.Weusuallystay________home______Saturdayafternoon.13.Shallwemeet_______thegate〔大门〕_______theschool?14.Don’twalk_______thegrass.15.Somechildrenareswimming_______theriver〔河〕..word.zl.\n-.三．用适当介词填空1.Canyouseethewordswritten________theblackboard?(in,on,by,with)2.Thereisaslogan(标语)_______thewall.(on,in,over,above)3._______thehelp_______theteachers,thestudentshavemadegreatprogress_______theirstudy.(on,in,of,with)4.Hewillbeback_______aminute.(on,in,for,by)5.What’sthis______(at,on,in)English?6.Christmasis______(at,on,in)the25thofDecember.　　7.Isthereacat______(under,behind,in)thedoor?　8.Theman______(with,on,in)blackisSuHai’sfather.9.Hedoesn’tdowell______(at,on,in)PE.10.Lookatthosebirds______(on,in)thetree.11.Wearegoingtomeet______(at,on,in)thebusstop_____(at,on,in)halfpastten.12.Isthereacat______(under,behind,in)thedoor?13.Welive______(at,on,in)anewhousenow.14.Doesitoftenrain______(at,on,in)springthere?四．判断以下介词用得是否正确，正确的画“√〞，错误的画“×〞，并将错误的改正过来。〔10分〕〔〕1.It’stimetolunch.〔〕2.It’shotoutside.Pleaseputonyourcoat.〔〕3.Howaboutthisskirt?〔〕4.Who’satdutytoday?〔〕5.Myfather’sbirthdayisatthelstofJune.〔〕6.Onthestreet,therearemanycars.〔〕7.Icanseelotswithtress.〔〕8.Doyouliketoplaywithayo-yo?〔〕9.Thereisaparkinthetheatre.〔〕10.Inyourright,Icanseetwoboys..word.zl.\n-.五．单项选择。〔15分〕〔〕1.—What’sthisEnglish?—It’sanapple.A.onB.inC.atD.of〔〕2.Lily,canyougoshoppingme?A.nearB.atC.withD.from〔〕3.EnglishisspokenAmerica.A.inB.atC.byD.with〔〕4.ItoftenrainsJune.A.ofB.inC.atD.on〔〕5.Theyarewaitingforabusthebusstop.A.inB.toC.onD.at〔〕6.Hurryup.It’stimeclass.A.toB.forC.ofD.at〔〕7.Weworkedthefarmlastweek.A.inB.toC.onD.of〔〕8.Heislateschool.A.forB.onC.inD.to〔〕9.Wehavesportsfourtheafternoon.A.at;atB.on;inC.at;inD.on;at〔〕10.Chang’eIwassentupintospaceOctober24th,2007.A.atB.inC.onD.to〔〕11.Ihavegotapresent.Itismymother.A.fromb.forC.toD.of〔〕12.Doyouknowthegirlred?A.inB.withC.ofD.for〔〕13.Icanseemanytreestheclassroom.A.infrontofB.inthefrontofC.infrontD.inthefront〔〕14.What’swrongyou?A.forB.ofC.withD.to〔〕15.MrsSmithisateacherEnglish.A.inB.forC.ofD.in.word.zl.